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# Configuration file for dnsmasq.
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# Format is one option per line, legal options are the same
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# as the long options legal on the command line. See
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# "/usr/sbin/dnsmasq --help" or "man 8 dnsmasq" for details.
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# The following two options make you a better netizen, since they
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# tell dnsmasq to filter out queries which the public DNS cannot
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# answer, and which load the servers (especially the root servers)
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# uneccessarily. If you have a dial-on-demand link they also stop
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# these requests from bringing up the link uneccessarily.
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# Never forward plain names (without a dot or domain part)
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# Never forward addresses in the non-routed address spaces.
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# Uncomment this to filter useless windows-originated DNS requests
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# which can trigger dial-on-demand links needlessly.
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# Note that (amongst other things) this blocks all SRV requests,
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# so don't use it if you use eg Kerberos, SIP, XMMP or Google-talk.
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# This option only affects forwarding, SRV records originating for
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# dnsmasq (via srv-host= lines) are not suppressed by it.
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# Change this line if you want dns to get its upstream servers from
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# somewhere other that /etc/resolv.conf
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resolv-file=/etc/nameservers
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# By default, dnsmasq will send queries to any of the upstream
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# servers it knows about and tries to favour servers to are known
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# to be up. Uncommenting this forces dnsmasq to try each query
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# with each server strictly in the order they appear in
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# If you don't want dnsmasq to read /etc/resolv.conf or any other
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# file, getting its servers from this file instead (see below), then
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# If you don't want dnsmasq to poll /etc/resolv.conf or other resolv
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# files for changes and re-read them then uncomment this.
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# Add other name servers here, with domain specs if they are for
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server=/localnet/11.0.0.1
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# Example of routing PTR queries to nameservers: this will send all
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# address->name queries for 192.168.3/24 to nameserver 10.1.2.3
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#server=/3.168.192.in-addr.arpa/10.1.2.3
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# Add local-only domains here, queries in these domains are answered
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# from /etc/hosts or DHCP only.
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# Add domains which you want to force to an IP address here.
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# The example below send any host in doubleclick.net to a local
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#address=/doubleclick.net/127.0.0.1
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# --address (and --server) work with IPv6 addresses too.
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#address=/www.thekelleys.org.uk/fe80::20d:60ff:fe36:f83
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# You can control how dnsmasq talks to a server: this forces
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# queries to 10.1.2.3 to be routed via eth1
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# --server=10.1.2.3@eth1
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# and this sets the source (ie local) address used to talk to
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# 10.1.2.3 to 192.168.1.1 port 55 (there must be a interface with that
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# IP on the machine, obviously).
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# --server=10.1.2.3@192.168.1.1#55
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# If you want dnsmasq to change uid and gid to something other
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# than the default, edit the following lines.
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# If you want dnsmasq to listen for DHCP and DNS requests only on
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# specified interfaces (and the loopback) give the name of the
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# interface (eg eth0) here.
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# Repeat the line for more than one interface.
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# Or you can specify which interface _not_ to listen on
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# Or which to listen on by address (remember to include 127.0.0.1 if
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# If you want dnsmasq to provide only DNS service on an interface,
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# configure it as shown above, and then use the following line to
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# On systems which support it, dnsmasq binds the wildcard address,
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# even when it is listening on only some interfaces. It then discards
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# requests that it shouldn't reply to. This has the advantage of
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# working even when interfaces come and go and change address. If you
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# want dnsmasq to really bind only the interfaces it is listening on,
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# uncomment this option. About the only time you may need this is when
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# running another nameserver on the same machine.
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# If you don't want dnsmasq to read /etc/hosts, uncomment the
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# or if you want it to read another file, as well as /etc/hosts, use
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#addn-hosts=/etc/banner_add_hosts
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# Set this (and domain: see below) if you want to have a domain
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# automatically added to simple names in a hosts-file.
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# Set the domain for dnsmasq. this is optional, but if it is set, it
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# does the following things.
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# 1) Allows DHCP hosts to have fully qualified domain names, as long
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# as the domain part matches this setting.
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# 2) Sets the "domain" DHCP option thereby potentially setting the
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# domain of all systems configured by DHCP
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# 3) Provides the domain part for "expand-hosts"
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#domain=thekelleys.org.uk
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# Set a different domain for a particular subnet
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#domain=wireless.thekelleys.org.uk,192.168.2.0/24
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# Same idea, but range rather then subnet
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#domain=reserved.thekelleys.org.uk,192.68.3.100,192.168.3.200
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# Uncomment this to enable the integrated DHCP server, you need
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# to supply the range of addresses available for lease and optionally
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# a lease time. If you have more than one network, you will need to
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# repeat this for each network on which you want to supply DHCP
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dhcp-range=11.0.0.2,11.0.0.10,2h
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# This is an example of a DHCP range where the netmask is given. This
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# is needed for networks we reach the dnsmasq DHCP server via a relay
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# agent. If you don't know what a DHCP relay agent is, you probably
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# don't need to worry about this.
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#dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,255.255.255.0,12h
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# This is an example of a DHCP range with a network-id, so that
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# some DHCP options may be set only for this network.
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#dhcp-range=red,192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150
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# Supply parameters for specified hosts using DHCP. There are lots
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# of valid alternatives, so we will give examples of each. Note that
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# IP addresses DO NOT have to be in the range given above, they just
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# need to be on the same network. The order of the parameters in these
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# do not matter, it's permissble to give name,adddress and MAC in any order
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# Always allocate the host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
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# The IP address 192.168.0.60
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,192.168.0.60
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# Always set the name of the host with hardware address
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# 11:22:33:44:55:66 to be "fred"
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,fred
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# Always give the host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
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# the name fred and IP address 192.168.0.60 and lease time 45 minutes
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,fred,192.168.0.60,45m
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# Give a host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66 or
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# 12:34:56:78:90:12 the IP address 192.168.0.60. Dnsmasq will assume
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# that these two ethernet interfaces will never be in use at the same
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# time, and give the IP address to the second, even if it is already
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# in use by the first. Useful for laptops with wired and wireless
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,12:34:56:78:90:12,192.168.0.60
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# Give the machine which says its name is "bert" IP address
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# 192.168.0.70 and an infinite lease
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#dhcp-host=bert,192.168.0.70,infinite
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# Always give the host with client identifier 01:02:02:04
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# the IP address 192.168.0.60
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#dhcp-host=id:01:02:02:04,192.168.0.60
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# Always give the host with client identifier "marjorie"
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# the IP address 192.168.0.60
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#dhcp-host=id:marjorie,192.168.0.60
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# Enable the address given for "judge" in /etc/hosts
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# to be given to a machine presenting the name "judge" when
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# it asks for a DHCP lease.
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# Never offer DHCP service to a machine whose ethernet
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# address is 11:22:33:44:55:66
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,ignore
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# Ignore any client-id presented by the machine with ethernet
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# address 11:22:33:44:55:66. This is useful to prevent a machine
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# being treated differently when running under different OS's or
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# between PXE boot and OS boot.
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,id:*
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# Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to
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# the machine with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,net:red
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# Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to
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# any machine with ethernet address starting 11:22:33:
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#dhcp-host=11:22:33:*:*:*,net:red
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# Ignore any clients which are specified in dhcp-host lines
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# or /etc/ethers. Equivalent to ISC "deny unkown-clients".
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# This relies on the special "known" tag which is set when
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# Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine whose
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# DHCP vendorclass string includes the substring "Linux"
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#dhcp-vendorclass=red,Linux
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# Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine one
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# of whose DHCP userclass strings includes the substring "accounts"
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#dhcp-userclass=red,accounts
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# Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine whose
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# MAC address matches the pattern.
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#dhcp-mac=red,00:60:8C:*:*:*
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# If this line is uncommented, dnsmasq will read /etc/ethers and act
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# on the ethernet-address/IP pairs found there just as if they had
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# been given as --dhcp-host options. Useful if you keep
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# MAC-address/host mappings there for other purposes.
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# Send options to hosts which ask for a DHCP lease.
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# See RFC 2132 for details of available options.
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# Common options can be given to dnsmasq by name:
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# run "dnsmasq --help dhcp" to get a list.
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# Note that all the common settings, such as netmask and
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# broadcast address, DNS server and default route, are given
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# sane defaults by dnsmasq. You very likely will not need
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# any dhcp-options. If you use Windows clients and Samba, there
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# are some options which are recommended, they are detailed at the
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# end of this section.
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# Override the default route supplied by dnsmasq, which assumes the
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# router is the same machine as the one running dnsmasq.
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#dhcp-option=3,11.0.0.1
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# Do the same thing, but using the option name
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#dhcp-option=option:router,1.2.3.4
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# Override the default route supplied by dnsmasq and send no default
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# route at all. Note that this only works for the options sent by
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# default (1, 3, 6, 12, 28) the same line will send a zero-length option
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# for all other option numbers.
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# Set the NTP time server addresses to 192.168.0.4 and 10.10.0.5
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#dhcp-option=option:ntp-server,192.168.0.4,10.10.0.5
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# Set the NTP time server address to be the same machine as
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#dhcp-option=42,0.0.0.0
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# Set the NIS domain name to "welly"
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#dhcp-option=40,welly
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# Set the default time-to-live to 50
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# Set the "all subnets are local" flag
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# Send the etherboot magic flag and then etherboot options (a string).
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#dhcp-option=128,e4:45:74:68:00:00
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#dhcp-option=129,NIC=eepro100
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# Specify an option which will only be sent to the "red" network
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# (see dhcp-range for the declaration of the "red" network)
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# Note that the net: part must precede the option: part.
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#dhcp-option = net:red, option:ntp-server, 192.168.1.1
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# The following DHCP options set up dnsmasq in the same way as is specified
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# for the ISC dhcpcd in
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# http://www.samba.org/samba/ftp/docs/textdocs/DHCP-Server-Configuration.txt
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# adapted for a typical dnsmasq installation where the host running
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# dnsmasq is also the host running samba.
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# you may want to uncomment some or all of them if you use
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# Windows clients and Samba.
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#dhcp-option=19,0 # option ip-forwarding off
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#dhcp-option=44,0.0.0.0 # set netbios-over-TCP/IP nameserver(s) aka WINS server(s)
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#dhcp-option=45,0.0.0.0 # netbios datagram distribution server
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#dhcp-option=46,8 # netbios node type
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# Send RFC-3397 DNS domain search DHCP option. WARNING: Your DHCP client
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# probably doesn't support this......
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#dhcp-option=option:domain-search,eng.apple.com,marketing.apple.com
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# Send RFC-3442 classless static routes (note the netmask encoding)
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#dhcp-option=121,192.168.1.0/24,1.2.3.4,10.0.0.0/8,5.6.7.8
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# Send vendor-class specific options encapsulated in DHCP option 43.
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# The meaning of the options is defined by the vendor-class so
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# options are sent only when the client supplied vendor class
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# matches the class given here. (A substring match is OK, so "MSFT"
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# matches "MSFT" and "MSFT 5.0"). This example sets the
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# mtftp address to 0.0.0.0 for PXEClients.
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#dhcp-option=vendor:PXEClient,1,0.0.0.0
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# Send microsoft-specific option to tell windows to release the DHCP lease
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# when it shuts down. Note the "i" flag, to tell dnsmasq to send the
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# value as a four-byte integer - that's what microsoft wants. See
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# http://technet2.microsoft.com/WindowsServer/en/library/a70f1bb7-d2d4-49f0-96d6-4b7414ecfaae1033.mspx?mfr=true
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#dhcp-option=vendor:MSFT,2,1i
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# Send the Encapsulated-vendor-class ID needed by some configurations of
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# Etherboot to allow is to recognise the DHCP server.
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#dhcp-option=vendor:Etherboot,60,"Etherboot"
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# Send options to PXELinux. Note that we need to send the options even
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# though they don't appear in the parameter request list, so we need
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# to use dhcp-option-force here.
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# See http://syslinux.zytor.com/pxe.php#special for details.
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# Magic number - needed before anything else is recognised
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#dhcp-option-force=208,f1:00:74:7e
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# Configuration file name
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#dhcp-option-force=209,configs/common
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#dhcp-option-force=210,/tftpboot/pxelinux/files/
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# Reboot time. (Note 'i' to send 32-bit value)
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#dhcp-option-force=211,30i
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# Set the boot filename for BOOTP. You will only need
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# this is you want to boot machines over the network and you will need
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# a TFTP server; either dnsmasq's built in TFTP server or an
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# external one. (See below for how to enable the TFTP server.)
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# Boot for Etherboot gPXE. The idea is to send two different
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# filenames, the first loads gPXE, and the second tells gPXE what to
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# load. The dhcp-match sets the gpxe tag for requests from gPXE.
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#dhcp-match=gpxe,175 # gPXE sends a 175 option.
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#dhcp-boot=net:#gpxe,undionly.kpxe
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#dhcp-boot=mybootimage
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# Encapsulated options for Etherboot gPXE. All the options are
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# encapsulated within option 175
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 1, 5b # priority code
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 176, 1b # no-proxydhcp
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 177, string # bus-id
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 189, 1b # BIOS drive code
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 190, user # iSCSI username
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#dhcp-option=encap:175, 191, pass # iSCSI password
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# Test for the architecture of a netboot client. PXE clients are
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# supposed to send their architecture as option 93. (See RFC 4578)
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#dhcp-match=peecees, option:client-arch, 0 #x86-32
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#dhcp-match=itanics, option:client-arch, 2 #IA64
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#dhcp-match=hammers, option:client-arch, 6 #x86-64
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#dhcp-match=mactels, option:client-arch, 7 #EFI x86-64
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# Enable dnsmasq's built-in TFTP server
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# Set the root directory for files availble via FTP.
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tftp-root=/srv/images
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# Make the TFTP server more secure: with this set, only files owned by
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# the user dnsmasq is running as will be send over the net.
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# Set the boot file name only when the "red" tag is set.
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#dhcp-boot=net:red,pxelinux.red-net
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# An example of dhcp-boot with an external server: the name and IP
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# address of the server are given after the filename.
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#dhcp-boot=/var/ftpd/pxelinux.0,boothost,192.168.0.3
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# Set the limit on DHCP leases, the default is 150
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# The DHCP server needs somewhere on disk to keep its lease database.
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# This defaults to a sane location, but if you want to change it, use
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#dhcp-leasefile=/var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
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# Set the DHCP server to authoritative mode. In this mode it will barge in
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# and take over the lease for any client which broadcasts on the network,
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# whether it has a record of the lease or not. This avoids long timeouts
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# when a machine wakes up on a new network. DO NOT enable this if there's
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# the slighest chance that you might end up accidentally configuring a DHCP
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# server for your campus/company accidentally. The ISC server uses
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# the same option, and this URL provides more information:
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# http://www.isc.org/index.pl?/sw/dhcp/authoritative.php
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# Run an executable when a DHCP lease is created or destroyed.
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# The arguments sent to the script are "add" or "del",
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# then the MAC address, the IP address and finally the hostname
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#dhcp-script=/bin/echo
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# Set the cachesize here.
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# If you want to disable negative caching, uncomment this.
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# Normally responses which come form /etc/hosts and the DHCP lease
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# file have Time-To-Live set as zero, which conventionally means
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# do not cache further. If you are happy to trade lower load on the
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# server for potentially stale date, you can set a time-to-live (in
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# If you want dnsmasq to detect attempts by Verisign to send queries
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# to unregistered .com and .net hosts to its sitefinder service and
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# have dnsmasq instead return the correct NXDOMAIN response, uncomment
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# this line. You can add similar lines to do the same for other
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# registries which have implemented wildcard A records.
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#bogus-nxdomain=64.94.110.11
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# If you want to fix up DNS results from upstream servers, use the
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# alias option. This only works for IPv4.
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# This alias makes a result of 1.2.3.4 appear as 5.6.7.8
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#alias=1.2.3.4,5.6.7.8
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# and this maps 1.2.3.x to 5.6.7.x
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#alias=1.2.3.0,5.6.7.0,255.255.255.0
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# and this maps 192.168.0.10->192.168.0.40 to 10.0.0.10->10.0.0.40
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#alias=192.168.0.10-192.168.0.40,10.0.0.0,255.255.255.0
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# Change these lines if you want dnsmasq to serve MX records.
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# Return an MX record named "maildomain.com" with target
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# servermachine.com and preference 50
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#mx-host=maildomain.com,servermachine.com,50
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# Set the default target for MX records created using the localmx option.
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#mx-target=servermachine.com
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# Return an MX record pointing to the mx-target for all local
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# Return an MX record pointing to itself for all local machines.
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# Change the following lines if you want dnsmasq to serve SRV
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# records. These are useful if you want to serve ldap requests for
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# Active Directory and other windows-originated DNS requests.
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# You may add multiple srv-host lines.
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# The fields are <name>,<target>,<port>,<priority>,<weight>
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# If the domain part if missing from the name (so that is just has the
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# service and protocol sections) then the domain given by the domain=
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# config option is used. (Note that expand-hosts does not need to be
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# set for this to work.)
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# A SRV record sending LDAP for the example.com domain to
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# ldapserver.example.com port 289
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#srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389
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# A SRV record sending LDAP for the example.com domain to
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# ldapserver.example.com port 289 (using domain=)
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#srv-host=_ldap._tcp,ldapserver.example.com,389
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# Two SRV records for LDAP, each with different priorities
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#srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389,1
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#srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389,2
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# A SRV record indicating that there is no LDAP server for the domain
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#srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com
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# The following line shows how to make dnsmasq serve an arbitrary PTR
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# record. This is useful for DNS-SD. (Note that the
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# domain-name expansion done for SRV records _does_not
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# occur for PTR records.)
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#ptr-record=_http._tcp.dns-sd-services,"New Employee Page._http._tcp.dns-sd-services"
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# Change the following lines to enable dnsmasq to serve TXT records.
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# These are used for things like SPF and zeroconf. (Note that the
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# domain-name expansion done for SRV records _does_not
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# occur for TXT records.)
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#txt-record=example.com,"v=spf1 a -all"
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#txt-record=_http._tcp.example.com,name=value,paper=A4
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# Provide an alias for a "local" DNS name. Note that this _only_ works
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# for targets which are names from DHCP or /etc/hosts. Give host
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# "bert" another name, bertrand
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# For debugging purposes, log each DNS query as it passes through
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# Log lots of extra information about DHCP transactions.
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# Include a another lot of configuration options.
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#conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.more.conf
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#conf-dir=/etc/dnsmasq.d