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This Markdown-formatted manual was contributed by phil_g under a
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Creative Commons CC0 waiver:
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http://aperiodic.net/phil/archives/Geekery/rampingios-v2.html
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https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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<figure style="float: right">
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<a href="https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~toykeeper/flashlight-firmware/emisar-d4/download/head:/d4uiv2.png-20170728053640-qi1sb2a4z410pcs7-1/d4-ui-v2.png">
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<!-- img width="256em" src="https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~toykeeper/flashlight-firmware/emisar-d4/download/head:/d4uiv2.svg-20170728053640-qi1sb2a4z410pcs7-2/d4-ui-v2.svg" -->
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<img width="256em" src="https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~toykeeper/flashlight-firmware/emisar-d4/download/head:/d4uiv2.png-20170728053640-qi1sb2a4z410pcs7-1/d4-ui-v2.png">
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<figcaption>RampingIOS V2 UI diagram</figcaption>
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The Emisar [D4][emisar-d4], [D1][emisar-d1], and [D1S][emisar-d1s]
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flashlights all use a firmware named RampingIOS V2. (The earliest D4s
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were released with V1, but there aren't many of those around. The Emisar
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[D4S][emisar-d4s] uses [RampingIOS V3][rampingios-v3].) There's not
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really a manual; the only thing we get is the diagram on the right. It's
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pretty comprehensive, but I thought a textual manual would be nice, so I
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[emisar-d4]: https://intl-outdoor.com/emisar-d4-high-power-led-flashlight-p-921.html
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[emisar-d1]: https://intl-outdoor.com/emisar-d1-mini-thrower-p-922.html
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[emisar-d1s]: https://intl-outdoor.com/emisar-d1s-thrower-p-926.html
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[emisar-d4s]: https://intl-outdoor.com/emisar-d4s-26650-high-power-led-flashlight-p-932.html
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[rampingios-v3]: http://aperiodic.net/phil/archives/Geekery/rampingios-v3.html
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The Emisar lights only work when the head and tailcap are tightened fully.
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You can physically lock out the lights--prevent them from turning on
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accidentally--by simply loosening the tailcap a small amount. A quarter
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The lights use a ramping interface. Rather than have a small number of
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distinct brightness levels, they can vary their brightness anywhere
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between their lowest and highest levels, like a light on a dimmer.
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The drivers for the lights have two different chipsets. At low brightness
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levels, a fairly-efficient but low-power chipset (called a *7135*) is
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used. These lowest brightness levels are called the "*regulated levels*".
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Each regulated level will always be the same brightness regardless of how
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much charge the battery has. Above a particular brightness level, the
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light switches over to a less-efficient but high-power chipset (called a
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*FET*). These levels are called "*direct-drive*". The brightness of the
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direct-drive levels is directly related to the battery's charge level; the
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more charged the battery, the brighter the levels. The lights are at
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their most efficient, in terms of power used for every lumen generated, at
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the brightest regulated level. When the light is first powered by
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tightening the tailcap, it will default to this level.
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At higher brightness levels, the lights' LEDs generate a lot of heat. If
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a light exceeds its configured maximum temperature, it will begin dimming
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itself automatically until the temperature drops below the allowed
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While the light is off, press and release the button (**1 click**) to turn
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it on. It will turn on at the last-used brightness level. (This is
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called "*mode memory*".) Immediately after loosening and tightening the
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tailcap (or after changing the battery), the default level will be the
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light's max regulated level.
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When the light is on, 1 click will turn it off. The current brightness
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level will be memorized for future use.
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When the light is on, holding the button down with gradually brighten the
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light ("*ramping up*"). If you release the button and immediately hold it
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again, the ramping direction will switch, so if it had been ramping up
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it'll be dimming ("*ramping down*") afterward.
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While the light is ramping, it'll briefly blink off and on again at three
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different brightness levels: the minimum brightness, the maximum
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brightness, and the maximum regulated level.
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While the light is either on or off, double-pressing the button (**2
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clicks**) will immediately jump to the maximum brightness level. Another
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two clicks will go back to the previous brightness level. If the light
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was off before the the initial two clicks, the second two clicks will go
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to the memorized brightness level.
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While the light is off, if you hold the button the light will turn on at
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its lowest level. If you continue holding the button, the light will
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The other modes largely involve multiple clicks from off. They're not
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generally needed for everyday use, but they supplement the light's basic
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##### BattCheck/TempCheck Modes
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From off, **3 clicks** will enter "BattCheck" mode, which gives the
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battery level. It blinks out the current battery voltage. First it
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blinks the number of volts, then it pauses, then it blinks out the tenths
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of volts. Thus, if the battery were at 3.5 volts, the light would blink
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three times, pause, then five times. For zeroes, it gives a very short
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A fully-charged lithium-ion battery is 4.2 volts. The light considers 2.8
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volts to be an empty battery and won't turn on if the battery is at or
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The voltage sequence will continue blinking until you turn off the light
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While the light is in BattCheck mode, **2 clicks** will enter TempCheck
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mode. Instead of blinking out the battery voltage, the light will start
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blinking out its current temperature in degrees Celsius, first the tens
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digit then the units digit. Like BattCheck mode, the light will continue
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blinking out the temperature until you turn it off with a single click.
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From off, **4 clicks** will enter "tactical" or "momentary" mode. The
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light will flash four times to show that it's entered the mode. In
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tactical mode, the light will turn on at maximum brightness for as long as
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the button is being held down. It will turn off as soon as the button is
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Another 4 clicks will exit tactical mode. The light will flash twice to
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show that it's left the mode.
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From off, **6 clicks** will enter lockout mode. The light will flash four
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times to show that it's entered the mode. In lockout mode, the light will
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not turn on, no matter how the button is pressed.
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Another 6 clicks will exit lockout mode. The light will flash twice to
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show that it's left the mode.
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Remember that loosening the tailcap a quarter turn will also lock out the
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light. Using the 6 clicks is called "*electronic lockout*", while turning
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the tailcap is "*physical lockout*".
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From off, **8 clicks** will enter beacon mode. In beacon mode, the light
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will blink on and off every two and a half seconds.
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1 click will exit beacon mode.
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##### Thermal Configuration Mode
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From off, **10 or more clicks** followed by holding down the button will
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enter thermal configuration mode.
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In thermal config mode, the light will first blink out the current maximum
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temperature. As with TempCheck mode, it blinks the tens digit followed by
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the units digit. If you release the button at this point, the light will
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turn off and no changes to the configuration will be made.
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If you continue to hold the button, the light will then flicker for a
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second or so. After that, it will turn on at its maximum brightness. It
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won't turn off until you release the button, which you should do when you
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feel like the light has gotten too hot. The temperature at that point
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will be the new maximum temperature. The light will blink out that new
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maximum temperature and then turn off.
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The default temperature threshold is 45°C.