~gumara/ubuntu-desktop-course/ubuntu-desktop-course-th-gumara

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<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://docbook.org/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">
<chapter>
  <title>Using the Internet</title>

  <itemizedlist>
    <title>Objectives</title>

    <para>In this lesson, you will learn to:</para>

    <listitem>
      <para>Connect to the Internet</para>
    </listitem>

    <listitem>
      <para>Browse the Web</para>
    </listitem>

    <listitem>
      <para>Access various news sources</para>
    </listitem>

    <listitem>
      <para>Send and receive e-mail messages</para>
    </listitem>

    <listitem>
      <para>Use various tools for instant messaging</para>
    </listitem>

    <listitem>
      <para>Make phone calls using Softphones</para>
    </listitem>
  </itemizedlist>

  <note userlevel="instructor">
    <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

    <para>It is recommended to cover all the topics in this lesson. However,
    if you are running short on time, you can omit the following optional
    topics: Using Dial-up, Alternative E-mail Client and WengoPhone.</para>
  </note>

  <sect1>
    <title>Connecting to and Using the Internet</title>

    <para>The Internet is used by millions of people daily for work and
    entertainment. Searching for information all over the world, corresponding
    with friends and relatives, participating in discussion forums, reading
    the news, playing games, has never been easier... or more
    accessible.</para>

    <para>The means of connecting to the Internet is not always a choice and
    depends greatly on where you live and/or work and the surrounding
    infrastructure. The pre-requisites to connect to the Internet are an
    Internet Service Provider (ISP) subscription and a functional Internet
    connection in your area. Configuring the Internet connection requires
    minimal involvement from you. Ubuntu supports most connection types. This
    lesson will cover: Broadband (cable or ASDL), dial-up and direct access
    through Local Area Network (LAN).</para>

    <para>Broadband connections are fast and reliable connections that users
    subscribe to for a monthly fee. Broadband companies offer packages with
    different speed specifications and bandwidth limits. If you travel and
    need Internet access, you can purchase a wireless Internet connection. If
    your computer does not have one pre-installed, you will need to install a
    wireless card. This connection is similar to a satellite connection, where
    data is transmitted through the airwaves.</para>

    <para>Dial-up access uses the same lines as your phone connection, except
    that the parties at the two ends are computers. This is a slow and cheap
    connection that uses a phone line to connect to a local server. Your
    computer dials a phone number that is provided by your ISP and connects to
    the server. Consequently, you cannot make phone calls while you are
    connected to the Internet. This is the oldest and slowest means of
    connecting; carrying out many functions using this mode can be very
    tedious and frustrating.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>Network Manager</title>

      <para>The Network Manager on Ubuntu is a simple to use and powerful
      utility to stay connected with wired and wireless adapters. It is
      located on the top menubar at the outer right corner. A left-click will
      reveal if your computer is already connected to a wired or wireless
      network. In case of a wireless network that is protected by a password,
      a dialogue will appear and ask for the password. The password can then
      be stored in your keyring, where it will automatically be used when
      needed. However, you may be asked for your keyring password if you have
      to log out.</para>

      <figure float="0" id="fig-network-manager">
        <title>Network Manager</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_001.png" width="3cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <para>You can also right-click on Network Manager to enable and disable
      wireless and wired connections. The connection information allows access
      to the network parameters currently used.</para>

      <figure float="0" id="fig-network-manager-connection">
        <title>Network Manager Connection</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_002.png" width="2cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <para>If Network Manager does not automatically configure your network
      connections, you can fall back to manually configuring them.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using a Cable Connection</title>

      <procedure>
        <title>To connect to the Internet using a cable connection:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu, point
          to <emphasis role="strong">Administration</emphasis> and click
          <emphasis role="strong">Network</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Network Settings</emphasis> dialogue box will be
          displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0" id="fig-network-menu">
            <title>Accessing Network Settings</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_003.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Connections</emphasis> page,
          select the connection to use. Click <emphasis role="strong">Properties</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">eth0 Properties</emphasis> dialogue box will be
          displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0" id="fig-network-settings">
            <title>Network Settings</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_004.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Clear the <emphasis role="strong">Enable roaming
          mode</emphasis> check box to enable the connection.</para>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) or network
            administrator should provide you with an IP address, subnet mask
            and gateway address which need to be specified in the connection
            information.</para>
          </note>

          <substeps performance="required">
            <step performance="required">
              <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Configuration</emphasis>
              box, select the <emphasis role="strong">Static IP
              address</emphasis> option.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Type the IP address of your computer in the <emphasis role="strong">IP address</emphasis> box.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Type the subnetwork (subnet) mask of your computer's IP
              address in the <emphasis role="strong">Subnet mask</emphasis>
              box.</para>

              <note>
                <title>Note:</title>

                <para>A subnet mask divides a network of IP addresses into
                groups, which facilitates routing of data.</para>
              </note>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Type the IP address of your ISP in the <emphasis role="strong">Gateway address</emphasis> box.</para>

              <note>
                <title>Note:</title>

                <para>A gateway is a device that connects a user to the
                Internet. It is provided by the ISP.</para>
              </note>

              <figure float="0" id="fig-eth0">
                <title>eth0 Properties</title>

                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_005.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </figure>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> to complete the
          configuration for the cable connection.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Network Settings</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_006.png" width="8cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <para>Now, you can connect to the Internet by using the
          cable.</para>
        </step>
      </procedure>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using a Wireless Card</title>

      <para>Ubuntu automatically detects support for various wireless
      cards.</para>

      <procedure>
        <title>To determine whether Ubuntu supports the wireless card on your
        computer:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu, point
          to <emphasis role="strong">Administration</emphasis> and then click
          <emphasis role="strong">Network</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Network Settings</emphasis> dialogue box will be
          displayed.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>If the wireless card on your computer is listed, you can use
          the same procedure as listed in the <emphasis role="strong">Using
          Cable Connection</emphasis> section to connect to the
          Internet.</para>

          <figure float="0" id="fig-wireless">
            <title>Choosing a Wireless Connection</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_007.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <para>Alternatively, left-click on Network Manager and discover any
          detected wireless networks in range.</para>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <tip>
        <title>Nice to Know:</title>

        <para>To view the complete list of wireless cards that work with
        Ubuntu, refer to: <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported</ulink>.</para>
      </tip>

      <para>Some wireless cards are not listed on the Ubuntu Web site because
      open source drivers for these are not available. Therefore, these cards
      do not work automatically with Ubuntu. If your wireless network card
      does not have an open source driver, you can make it work by using
      <emphasis role="strong">ndiswrapper</emphasis>.</para>

      <formalpara>
        <title>Using Ndiswrapper with a Wireless Card</title>

        <para>Ndiswrapper is a Linux module that allows Ubuntu to use
        Microsoft Windows drivers for wireless cards. The utility to configure
        ndiswrapper can be installed comfortably via <emphasis role="strong">Add/Remove Applications</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Windows Wireless Drivers</emphasis> setup programme can
        be found in <emphasis role="strong">System
        Administration</emphasis>.</para>
      </formalpara>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using a Dial-up Connection</title>

      <para>A dial-up connection uses a modem to connect to the Internet. You
      can use the ScanModem tool to identify the type of modem. This tool
      recognises the type of modem-whether it is a Peripheral Component
      Interconnect (PCI) or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) modem.</para>

      <tip>
        <title>Nice to Know:</title>

        <para>To download the ScanModem tool, refer to: <ulink
        url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/ScanModem">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/ScanModem</ulink>.</para>
      </tip>

      <procedure>
        <title>To use a dial-up connection:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Download, configure and install your modem's driver. If an
          open source driver is not available, contact your vendor for other
          options.</para>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>To download the open source driver, refer to <ulink url="www.modemdriver.com">www.modemdriver.com</ulink>.</para>
          </note>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <title>Configure the dial-up connection to your ISP:</title>

          <substeps performance="required">
            <step performance="required">
              <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu,
              point to <emphasis role="strong">Administration</emphasis> and
              click <emphasis role="strong">Network</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Network Settings</emphasis> dialogue box will be
              displayed.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Network Settings</emphasis>
              dialogue box, select <emphasis role="strong">Modem
              connection</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">Properties.</emphasis> The <emphasis role="strong">ppp0 Properties</emphasis> dialogue box will be
              displayed.</para>

              <figure float="0" id="fig-modem">
                <title>Network Settings</title>

                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_009.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </figure>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">ppp0 Properties</emphasis>
              dialogue box, select the <emphasis role="strong">Enable this
              connection</emphasis> check box to activate the
              connection.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Specify your ISP's information and your account
              information, which you can obtain form your ISP.</para>

              <para>Type the phone number in the <emphasis role="strong">Phone
              number</emphasis> and the dial prefix in the <emphasis role="strong">Dial prefix</emphasis> box, which the modem uses
              to connect to the server. Type your dial-up account name in the
              <emphasis role="strong">Username</emphasis> box and the password
              in the <emphasis role="strong">Password</emphasis> box. The user
              name is the one that is registered with your ISP.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Specify the modem setting on the Modem tabbed page. Click
              the <emphasis role="strong">Modem</emphasis> tab. Type or select
              the modem port in the <emphasis role="strong">Modem
              port</emphasis> box. Select the dial type from the <emphasis role="strong">Dial type</emphasis> box. You can select the types
              of phone dial used in the <emphasis role="strong">Dial
              type</emphasis> box. Dial type depends on your phone company and
              may be <emphasis role="strong">Tones</emphasis> or <emphasis role="strong">Pulses</emphasis>. If you do not know which dial
              type to choose, contact your phone company. Irrespective of the
              dial type, the modem will make some noise while connecting to
              the ISP server. You can set the volume of this noise by
              selecting the appropriate volume options from the <emphasis role="strong">Volume</emphasis> box-it is recommended that you
              select <emphasis role="strong">Off</emphasis> or <emphasis role="strong">Low</emphasis>.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Specify the connection settings. Click the <emphasis role="strong">Options</emphasis> tab and select the <emphasis role="strong">Set modem as default route to Internet</emphasis>
              check box to specify the dial-up modem as the default Internet
              connection. If you use a laptop on a local area network (LAN),
              clear the <emphasis role="strong">Set modem as default route to
              Internet</emphasis> check box. Select this option only if you
              use a dial-up connection.</para>

              <para>As part of modem connection settings, you need to assign a
              host name to an IP node to identify it as a TCP/IP host. You can
              select your ISP server for this name resolution of hosts, which
              maps a host name to an IP address successfully. For this, select
              the <emphasis role="strong">Use the Internet service provider
              nameservers</emphasis> check box.</para>

              <para>If the Internet connection breaks, your modem will
              automatically try reconnecting to the Internet if the <emphasis role="strong">Retry if the connection breaks or fails to
              start</emphasis> check box is selected.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> to complete
              the dial-up configuration.</para>

              <figure float="0">
                <title>pppo Properties</title>

                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
		    <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_010.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </figure>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <para>Now, you can connect to the Internet using a dial-up
      connection.</para>

      <note userlevel="instructor">
        <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

        <para>If students need to connect to the Internet with the
        modem integrated into a mobile phone or configure
        Point-to-Point (PPP) dial-up through a Bluetooth-compatible
        mobile phone, refer to: <ulink
        url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BluetoothDialup">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BluetoothDialup</ulink>.</para>

        <para>To connect to the Internet through a mobile phone over a
        USB cable, refer to: <ulink
        url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CableDialup">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CableDialup</ulink>.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Browsing the Web</title>

    <para>Mozilla Firefox is the default web browser on Ubuntu. It is open
    sourced, developed by the Mozilla Corporation and many external
    contributors and is fully compatible with Ubuntu. To open a Firefox Web
    browser, on the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
    point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">Firefox Web Browser</emphasis>. <figure float="0">
        <title>Launching Firefox Web Browser</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_011.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure></para>

    <para>Firefox includes two powerful features that make your online
    experience more productive - an integrated search system and live
    bookmarking.</para>

    <note userlevel="instructor">
      <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

      <para>Ask students to open this browser and try performing a
      search.</para>
    </note>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Integrated Search</title>

      <para>This feature enables you to search for and find any information.
      The Search bar comes pre-loaded with search engines for Google, Yahoo!,
      Amazon, eBay, Answers.com and Creative Commons. You can enter a search
      term in the Search bar and receive immediate answers from the search
      engine you choose. You can select a new search engine from the Search
      bar menu at any time and add search engines from favourite Web sites.
      <figure float="0">
          <title><emphasis role="italic">Available Search
          Engines</emphasis></title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_012.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure></para>
    </formalpara>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Search Suggestions</title>

      <para>To further ease your search-related tasks, some search engines
      such as Google, Yahoo and Answers.com in Firefox, suggest search terms.
      Begin typing into the Search bar and a list of suggestions will
      appear.</para>
    </formalpara>

    <para>For example, if you type <emphasis role="strong">king</emphasis> in
    the Search bar, a list of suggestions to complete your search keyword is
    displayed. So instead of typing the complete term, you can select the
    required term from the list. This makes the search easy and quick.</para>

    <para>The following graphic shows a list of suggestions, when you start
    typing in the Search bar:</para>

    <figure float="0">
      <title>List of Suggestions</title>

      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_013.png" width="3cm" format="PNG"/>
        </imageobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </figure>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Live Bookmarks</title>

      <para>If you come across an interesting Web site over the Internet and
      would like to keep it for future reference, without trying to remember
      the URL, create a bookmark. The next time you are online, simply click
      the link to go to that Web page. You can view Web feeds such as news and
      blog headlines in the bookmarks toolbar or menu. A Web feed or feed is
      an XML Web page that contains a list of links to other Web pages. You
      can quickly review the latest headlines from your favourite sites and
      click to go directly to chapters of interest.</para>
    </formalpara>

    <note>
      <title>Note:</title>

      <para>A Bookmark in Firefox, similar to favourites in Internet Explorer,
      is a useful browser feature.</para>
    </note>

    <procedure>
      <title>To create a live bookmark in Firefox:</title>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>Open the Firefox Web browser. On the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks</emphasis> menu, click <emphasis role="strong">Organise Bookmarks</emphasis>.</para>

        <para>The <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks Manager</emphasis> window
        will be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Organising Bookmarks</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_014.png" width="2cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, click
        <emphasis role="strong">New Live Bookmark</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Properties for New Bookmark</emphasis> dialogue box will
        be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Adding Live Bookmarks</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_015.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Name</emphasis> box, type the
        name you want to give to the feed. Make sure that the name reflects
        the contents of the Web site and includes enough information to
        uniquely identify the data file. Type the feed location-the URL of the
        feed in the <emphasis role="strong">Feed Location</emphasis> box and
        the description of the feed in the <emphasis role="strong">Description</emphasis> box. If you want, you can skip
        giving the description, though these can be used to categorise various
        feeds under groups. Click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> and
        close the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks Manager</emphasis> window.
        This sets the bookmark.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Viewing Bookmark Properties</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_016.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the Firefox Web browser, on the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks</emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">New Live Bookmark</emphasis>. This displays the list of
        feeds, their respective locations and description. To locate the one
        you are looking for, you can sort this list on name, location or
        description. Just click the one you want to quickly browse through. It
        opens in the Mozilla Firefox window.</para>
      </step>
    </procedure>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Accessing News</title>

    <para>News can be retrieved from the Internet in different ways. Using
    Usenet and RSS for access is covered below.</para>

    <para>Newsgroups are online notice boards where people post comments and
    discuss subjects of mutual interest. They are technically distinct from,
    but functionally similar to discussion forums on the World Wide Web.
    Anyone can participate in the discussion and post thoughts. At the rate at
    which newsgroups are growing, it is safe to say that there are groups
    covering most subjects imaginable; from computers to social issues, pet
    advice, literature and science, job postings and housing to rent etc. It
    is a fast and easy way to communicate, share views and advertise to people
    all over the world. Newsreaders are the applications used to access
    newsgroups.</para>

    <para>USEr NETwork (Usenet) is the main source of newsgroups and
    newsfeeds. It is an Internet discussion system where people read and post
    e-mail-like messages called posts to one or more of a number of
    newsgroups.</para>

    <para>To join a newsgroup, you create a subscribed list and your
    newsreader stores the information. You will receive alerts when people
    have posted new listings and when you check to read the latest update,
    there will be a posting and bunch of messages from several people. You
    will see something that looks similar to your e-mail inbox. You can decide
    whether to reply to the newsgroup, the author or to both. Some people
    prefer not to constantly receive email messages and log in from time to
    time to see the latest updates. The news server posts do expire after a
    certain length of time, as determined by the person running the
    server.</para>

    <para>There are two types of newsreaders, online and offline. The online
    newsreader downloads just the message headers, and you see what looks like
    a mailbox. The messages themselves however, are not on your machine. As
    you access a particular message, the newsreader retrieves it from the
    server. When you are done reading a message, it is not stored on your
    machine, unless you save it specifically. Offline newsreaders, on the
    other hand, connect to the server, download all new messages for the
    newsgroups to which you are subscribed, upload any posts you wrote since
    the last time you connected to the server, and then disconnect. You can
    then read the messages as you wish, composing replies and new posts to be
    uploaded next time you choose to connect.</para>

    <para>Many news related Web sites do offer news feeds that allow you to
    see when Web sites have added new content. You can get the latest
    headlines and video in one place, as soon as it is published, without
    having to visit the Websites you have taken the feed from. Feeds, also
    known as Really Simple Syndication (RSS), are just Web pages.</para>

    <para>In this section we will cover two types of Newsreaders, Linux Feed
    Reader (Liferea) for news feeds and Thunderbird for Usenet news.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>Liferea Newsreader</title>

      <note userlevel="instructor">
        <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

        <para>While teaching, demonstrate how to access Liferea and
        Thunderbird.</para>
      </note>

      <para>Liferea is an online RSS feed reader. It is a fast, easy-to-use
      and easy-to-install news accumulator for GTK/GNOME.</para>

      <note>
        <title>Note:</title>

        <para>You can install Liferea on Ubuntu using the Synaptic Package
        Manager by following the procedure described in <emphasis role="strong">Using Alternative E-Mail Client</emphasis>
        section.</para>
      </note>

      <para>The Web sites that offer RSS feeds display an RSS feed symbol next
      to its URL.</para>

      <figure float="0">
        <title>Identifying RSS Feed Providing Web Sites</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_017.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <para><emphasis role="strong">Accessing Liferea</emphasis></para>

      <note>
        <title>Note:</title>

        <para>You have to search the Web site that offers RSS feeds to access
        Liferea. Look through the complete list of newsgroups on your server
        to search for the group that interests you.</para>
      </note>

      <procedure>
        <title>To access Liferea:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Open the Web page that offers RSS feeds.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Opening RSS Feed Web Page</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_018.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On this Web page, search for the link that offers RSS feed.
          Click the link and save the URL of that link. This URL will be the
          feed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Searching the Link</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_019.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Open Liferea. On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">Liferea Feed Reader.</emphasis></para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Launching Liferea Feed Reader</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_020.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>To subscribe to the feed, right-click anywhere on the
          left-pane of the Liferea window, point to New and click <emphasis role="strong">New Subscription</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">New Subscription</emphasis> dialogue box will be
          displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Subscribing to RSS Feeds</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_021.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">New Subscription</emphasis>
          dialogue box, paste the URL, which is the feed, and click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis>. You will see a new feed in the
          <emphasis role="strong">Liferea</emphasis> window.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Entering Feed Source</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_022.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <para>The following graphic shows the new feed in Liferea.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Viewing New Feeds</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_023.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <procedure>
        <title>The key features of Liferea are as follows:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Liferea Feed Reader has multiple RSS subscriptions by
          default.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>If you do not want a chapter to be deleted after some time,
          you can flag it and tag it as an important item.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>You can use the search function to search through the
          downloaded items to quickly access the information needed.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>You can also use an online search engine to search for
          additional news.</para>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <note userlevel="instructor">
        <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

        <para>The change in feeds properties is required if it needs HTTP
        authentication or other feed specific options.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Thunderbird</title>

      <procedure>
        <title>To use Thunderbird to access news groups, perform the following
        steps:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>When you open Thunderbird for the first time, the <emphasis role="strong">Account Wizard</emphasis> helps you to configure an
          account. On the <emphasis role="strong">New Account Setup</emphasis>
          page, select <emphasis role="strong">Newsgroup account</emphasis>
          option and click <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>. This page
          informs you about how this wizard will collect information to set up
          a mail or a newsgroup account. You can also contact the system
          administrator or the ISP for information.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Creating Thunderbird Newsgroup Account</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_024.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Identity</emphasis> page, in
          the <emphasis role="strong">Your Name</emphasis> box, type your name
          that you would like to use when sending messages and in the
          <emphasis role="strong">Email Address</emphasis> box, type the
          e-mail address where you would like others to send you e-mail
          messages. Click <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Creating Account Identity</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_025.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Server Information</emphasis>
          page, type the name of your newsgroup server in the <emphasis role="strong">Newsgroup Server</emphasis> box. You can also type the
          server address here instead of the server name. Then, click
          <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>. This server name will
          connect you to different newsgroups.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Providing Newsgroup Server Information</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_026.png" width="7cm" format="PNG" />
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Account Name</emphasis>
          dialogue box, type the account name in the <emphasis role="strong">Account Name</emphasis> box. This name is for your
          reference only. Click <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Specifying Account Name</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_027.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>You have completed setting up a newsgroup account. Make sure
          you verify the information before you exit this wizard. Navigate
          through the pages using the <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>
          and <emphasis role="strong">Back</emphasis> buttons and make
          appropriate changes, if required. Otherwise, click <emphasis role="strong">Finish</emphasis> to save the settings. The <emphasis role="strong">News Account-Thunderbird window</emphasis> will be
          displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Account Information</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_028.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">News
          Account-Thunderbird</emphasis> window, click <emphasis role="strong">Manage newsgroup subscriptions</emphasis> to subscribe
          to a newsgroup. The <emphasis role="strong">Subscribe</emphasis>
          dialogue box will be displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Subscribing to a Newsgroup</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_029.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Several newsgroups will be downloaded from the server address
          you mentioned during the configuration process.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Viewing the Download Process</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_030.png" width="8cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>If you want to subscribe to a newsgroup on a specific subject,
          you can search for your search criteria. Type the search term in
          <emphasis role="strong">the Show items that contain</emphasis> box.
          The newsgroups related to the search term will be displayed in the
          <emphasis role="strong">Select the newsgroups to subscribe to
          list</emphasis>. Select any newsgroup from the displayed list and
          click <emphasis role="strong">Subscribe</emphasis>. Click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> to close the <emphasis role="strong">Subscribe</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting the Newsgroup to Subscribe</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_031.png" width="8cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>After the subscription is completed, you will start receiving
          newsletters from the subscribed newsgroup. The following graphic
          shows the newsgroup and related e-mail messages in the Thunderbird
          window:</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Viewing Newsgroup E-mails</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_032.png" width="13cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <para>When you open Thunderbird to read news letters, there will be
          a bunch of messages from several people. You can read these just
          like e-mail messages. The difference is that the message is
          addressed to the group you were interested in and not just to you.
          Similarly, if you reply to a message you are reading, you need to
          decide whether to reply to the newsgroup, to the author or to
          both.</para>

          <tip>
            <title>Nice to Know:</title>

            <para>Pan Newsreader is another news reader that works with
            Usenet. It is an open source newsgroup client, which is available
            for various platforms. You can install Pan Newsreader from
            Synaptic Package Manager on Ubuntu.</para>
          </tip>
        </step>
      </procedure>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Sending and Receiving E-Mail Messages</title>

    <para>Evolution is the default e-mail client for Ubuntu. It combines mail,
    calendar and tasks in one powerful application.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using Evolution Mail</title>

      <note userlevel="instructor">
        <title>Instructor Notes:</title>

        <para>The focus of this section is to configure Evolution e-mail
        client with Post Office Protocol (POP) as the sending server. If the
        students want to learn more, they can refer to: <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients</ulink>.</para>
      </note>

      <procedure>
        <title>To configure the Evolution e-mail client on Ubuntu:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
          point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click
          <emphasis role="strong">Evolution Mail</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Launching Evolution Mail</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_033.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <tip>
            <title>Nice to Know:</title>

            <para>The <emphasis role="strong">.evolution</emphasis> directory
            is created in the home directory when you run Evolution for the
            first time. It saves its local data in this directory. Then, it
            opens a first-run assistant to help you set up the e-mail
            accounts. User specific settings for evolution are also stored in
            <emphasis role="strong"> .gconf/apps/evolution</emphasis>.</para>
          </tip>

          <para>The <emphasis role="strong">Evolution Setup
          Assistant</emphasis> is displayed and guides you through various
          steps to enable Evolution to connect to your e-mail accounts and
          import files from other applications. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Configuring New E-mail Account</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_034.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Evolution offers an integrated backup system. If you migrate
          your Evolution data from one system to another, use this dialogue.
          On the <emphasis role="strong">Restore from backup</emphasis> page,
          you can restore the backup files such as, e-mails, memos, address
          book, personal files and many more from your older version of
          Evolution.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Restoring Evolution</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_035.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Identity</emphasis> page, type
          your full name in the <emphasis role="strong">Full Name</emphasis>
          box and your e-mail address in the <emphasis role="strong">E-mail
          Address</emphasis> box. This is the e-mail address that your ISP
          provides. Your Evolution account is configured with this
          information. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Setting up Account Identity</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_036.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>You can skip the information in the <emphasis role="strong">Optional Information</emphasis> section. You are
            required to type the information in the <emphasis role="strong">Reply-To</emphasis> and <emphasis role="strong">Organisation</emphasis> boxes, only if you want to
            include this in the e-mail messages you send. In <emphasis role="strong">Reply-To</emphasis> box, you can type your name,
            favourite quotes or any other information and, in the <emphasis role="strong">Organisation</emphasis> box, type any name such as
            that of your organisation, school or college.</para>
          </note>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Receiving E-mail</emphasis>
          page, in the <emphasis role="strong">Server Type</emphasis> box
          select the type of server your ISP provides. Evolution is compatible
          with numerous server types, but POP is commonly used to receive
          e-mail messages.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Server Type for Receiving E-Mail</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_037.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>If you do not know the server information, you should
            contact your system administrator or ISP.</para>
          </note>

          <substeps performance="required">
            <step performance="required">
              <para>Select <emphasis role="strong">POP</emphasis> from the
              <emphasis role="strong">Server Type</emphasis> box to connect to
              and download mail from POP servers. The Receiving E-mail page
              will further prompt you for the configuration
              information.</para>

              <note>
                <title>Note:</title>

                <para>For more information about server types, refer to:
                <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients">https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients</ulink>.</para>
              </note>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Type the receiving e-mail server name in the <emphasis role="strong">Server</emphasis> box and your account user name
              in the <emphasis role="strong">Username</emphasis> box. This is
              not your login name to your PC but your login name to your ISP's
              e-mail account.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Security</emphasis>
              section, you can select <emphasis role="strong">Encryption</emphasis> or <emphasis role="strong">No encryption</emphasis> in the <emphasis role="strong">Use Secure Connection</emphasis> box. Encryption
              makes the message unreadable by anyone other than the intended
              recipient.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Select <emphasis role="strong">Password</emphasis> in the
              <emphasis role="strong">Authentication Type</emphasis> box or
              click <emphasis role="strong">Check for Supported
              Types</emphasis> to have Evolution check for supported
              authentication types. The crossed out authentication types are
              not supported. Generally, the password is the way you
              authenticate with the server.</para>

              <note>
                <title>Note:</title>

                <para>Contact your system administrator or ISP to know about
                the authentication type supported.</para>
              </note>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>
            </step>
          </substeps>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Providing POP Server Information</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_038.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Receiving Options</emphasis>
          page , select the following options, if required:</para>

          <substeps performance="required">
            <step performance="required">
              <para>To automatically check e-mail messages after a particular
              interval of time, select <emphasis role="strong">Automatically
              check for new mail every</emphasis> check box. Specify the
              duration of the interval in the <emphasis role="strong">
              minutes</emphasis> list.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Message storage</emphasis>
              section, select <emphasis role="strong">Leave message on
              server</emphasis> check box <emphasis role="strong">,</emphasis>
              if you want to leave a message on the server.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Select <emphasis role="strong">Disable support for all
              POP3 extensions</emphasis> check box, if you want to disable
              POP3.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>
            </step>
          </substeps>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Specifying Mail Checking and Storage Options</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_039.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the Sending E-mail page, specify the information according
          to the way you want to send e-mail messages. Select the outbound
          mail server in the <emphasis role="strong">Server Type</emphasis>
          box.</para>

          <substeps performance="required">
            <step performance="required">
              <para>There are two methods you can use to send e-mail messages,
              SMTP and Programmes Send Mails. SMTP is the common method that
              is used to send e-mail messages. Select <emphasis role="strong">SMTP</emphasis> as your outbound mail server type
              in the <emphasis role="strong">Server Type</emphasis>
              box.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Specify the outbound server configuration:</para>

              <figure float="0">
                <title>Providing SMTP Server Information</title>

                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_040.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </figure>

              <substeps performance="required">
                <step performance="required">
                  <para>Type the host address in the <emphasis role="strong">Server</emphasis> box. This is the address of
                  the outbound server that your ISP provides.</para>
                </step>

                <step performance="required">
                  <para>Specify how you want the server to authenticate.
                  Select <emphasis role="strong">Server requires
                  authentication</emphasis> check box, if your server requires
                  authentication. You will be asked to select your
                  authentication type in the <emphasis role="strong">Type</emphasis> box. You can also click
                  <emphasis role="strong">Check for Supported Types</emphasis>
                  to have evolution check for supported types.</para>
                </step>

                <step performance="required">
                  <para>Type the evolution account user name in the <emphasis role="strong"> Username</emphasis> box.</para>
                </step>

                <step performance="required">
                  <para>Select <emphasis role="strong">Remember
                  Password</emphasis> check box, if you want evolution to
                  remember your password. Then, click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Account Management</emphasis> page is
                  displayed.</para>
                </step>
              </substeps>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>It is possible for Evolution to access multiple e-mail
          providers. To differentiate between them, you can give each e-mail
          provider a name. Type a name for this configuration or your account
          in the <emphasis role="strong">Name</emphasis> box. You can type any
          name you prefer as this is only for your reference. Then, click
          <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Providing Account Information</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_041.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Timezone</emphasis> page,
          select the time zone you are in, either on the map or from the
          <emphasis role="strong">Selection</emphasis> list. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Specifying Timezone</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_042.png" width="10cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Configuration is done. Click <emphasis role="strong">Apply</emphasis> to save your settings. The Evolution
          window will be displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Evolution</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_043.png" width="15cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <note>
        <title>Note:</title>

        <para>For more information on how to use the Evolution e-mail client,
        refer to: <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/7.04/internet/C/email.html">https://help.ubuntu.com/7.04/internet/C/email.html</ulink>.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using an Alternative E-Mail Client</title>

      <para>In addition to Evolution, you can use many other e-mail clients,
      such as Mozilla Thunderbird, Balsa and Pine. If you have been using the
      Mozilla Suite, you may prefer to use Thunderbird which is very similar.
      Try them both and see which you prefer. Mozilla Thunderbird is an e-mail
      application developed by Mozilla Foundation. It is a free,
      cross-platform e-mail and news application.</para>

      <tip>
        <title>Nice to Know:</title>

        <para>Mozilla Suite is a cohesive collection of integrated Internet
        applications, including a Web browser, e-mail and newsgroup client,
        Internet Relay Chat (IRC) chat client, address book organizer and Web
        page creation utility.</para>
      </tip>

      <para>The Thunderbird e-mail application is available in the Universe
      repository and can be installed on your computer from the Synaptic
      Package Manager.</para>

      <procedure>
        <title>To install Thunderbird on Ubuntu, perform the following
        steps:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu, point
          to <emphasis role="strong">Administration</emphasis> and select
          <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package Manager</emphasis>. The
          <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package Manager</emphasis> window
          will be displayed.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Launching Synaptic Package Manager</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_044.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package
          Manager</emphasis> dialogue box, you can select the package you
          need. The left pane lists the categories, and the right pane lists
          the packages. You can search for the package by clicking Search and
          specifying its name. If you do not know the name of the package,
          select the category in the left pane to filter the list of packages.
          You can then select the check box next to the required package in
          the right pane.</para>

          <tip>
            <title>Nice to Know:</title>

            <para>If you want to view the installed and uninstalled packages,
            click <emphasis role="strong">Status</emphasis>. To know the
            source repository of the package, click <emphasis role="strong">Origin</emphasis>. Click <emphasis role="strong">Custom Filters</emphasis> if you want to know
            whether a package is broken or can be upgraded.</para>
          </tip>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Find</emphasis> dialogue box opens. Type the name of
          the package, <emphasis role="strong">Thunderbird</emphasis>, in the
          <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis> field and click <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis>. The Mozilla Thunderbird package
          displays in the right pane of the <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic
          Package Manager</emphasis> window.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Searching Thunderbird</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_045.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>To return to the list of categories after searching the
            packages using <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis>, click
            <emphasis role="strong">Sections</emphasis>.</para>
          </note>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Select the <emphasis role="strong">Mark for
          Installation</emphasis> check box to install the package.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Marking Thunderbird for Installation</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_046.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>The package that you choose to install may depend on other
          packages. In this case, you are notified about the dependencies. To
          continue making the changes required to resolve the dependencies,
          click <emphasis role="strong">Mark</emphasis>.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>To confirm that you want to make the marked changes, click
          <emphasis role="strong">Apply.</emphasis></para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Confirming Changes</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_047.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>The <emphasis role="strong">Summary</emphasis> dialogue box
          opens, prompting you for a final check before making the marked
          changes. Click <emphasis role="strong">Apply</emphasis> to continue
          with the changes.</para>

          <para>This completes the procedure of installing Thunderbird by
          using Synaptic Package Manager. To access Thunderbird, on the
          <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu, point to
          <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News</emphasis>.</para>

          <para>This displays the Thunderbird window.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Launching Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_048.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Thunderbird Window</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_049.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <formalpara>
        <title>Features of Thunderbird</title>

        <para>Thunderbird features many enhancements to help you better manage
        your inbox, send emails and organise your correspondence.</para>
      </formalpara>

      <para>Some of its key features are:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Stop Junk Mail</title>

            <para>If you are tired of spam and annoying advertising in your
            Inbox, Mozilla Thunderbird provides effective tools for detecting
            junk mail. These tools analyse your e-mail message and identify
            those that are most likely to be junk. Your junk mail can be
            automatically deleted or placed in a specific folder.</para>
          </formalpara>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Stopping Junk Mail</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_050.png" width="14cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <procedure>
            <title>To activate the junk mail filters in Thunderbird:</title>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Tools</emphasis> menu,
              click <emphasis role="strong">Junk Mail Controls</emphasis>. The
              <emphasis role="strong">Junk Mail Controls</emphasis> window
              will be displayed.</para>
            </step>

            <step performance="required">
              <para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Adaptive
              Filter</emphasis> tab. Select the <emphasis role="strong">Enable
              adaptive junk mail detection</emphasis> check box and click
              <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis></para>
            </step>
          </procedure>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Customise your mail</title>

            <para>You have three column views to access you e-mail messages:
            Classic, Wide and Vertical view.</para>
          </formalpara>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Customising the E-mail View</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_051.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Built-in Spell Checker</title>

            <para>To check for correct spelling, click <emphasis role="strong">Spell</emphasis> on the toolbar.</para>
          </formalpara>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Spell Checker</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_052.png" width="9cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Security</title>

            <para>Thunderbird provides enhanced security features, which is
            equivalent to enterprise and government-grade security. It offers
            built-in support for Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
            (S/MIME) secure e-mail message.</para>
          </formalpara>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Extensions</title>

            <para>Extensions are powerful tools to help you build a mail
            client that meets your specific needs. Mozilla Thunderbird has
            several features, such as quick search, a smart address book,
            advanced message filtering and more.</para>
          </formalpara>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>News Reader</title>

            <para>Mozilla Thunderbird makes it easier to subscribe to your
            favourite newsgroups, downloading headers and messages and offline
            support.</para>
          </formalpara>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Thunderbird as a Newsgroup</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_053.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Themes</title>

            <para>As with most elements on Ubuntu, you can personalise the
            themes to change the look and feel of Mozilla Thunderbird. A theme
            can change the toolbar icons or the complete appearance of an
            application.</para>
          </formalpara>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <formalpara>
            <title>Cross-Platform Support</title>

            <para>Thunderbird is used on various platforms, such as Ubuntu,
            Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Unix-based operating
            systems.</para>
          </formalpara>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Instant Messaging</title>

    <para>E-mail message is not expected to be real-time, which means you can
    respond to it when time allows. But when 'Immediacy' is required, instant
    messaging (IM) is the way to go. Using IM over the Internet can bring down
    costs of long distance phone calls when you want to stay in contact with
    friends. While in office, if you want an answer to a simple question, IM
    facilitates quick and easy communication and reduces the amount of e-mail
    messages sent and received in a day. IM also enables you to view a person
    using Web-cams or talk over the Internet for free.</para>

    <para>The default instant messenger client on Ubuntu is Pidgin, a
    cross-platform instant messenger that supports various popular IM network
    protocols. Using Pidgin, you can communicate with people who use America
    Online (AOL) Instant Messenger (AIM/ICQ), Gadu-Gadu, GroupWise, IRC,
    Jabber, MSN, Napster and Yahoo. It allows you to list all your friends in
    one window. Pidgin users can log on to multiple accounts on multiple IM
    networks simultaneously. This means that you can chat with friends on AIM,
    talk to a friend on Yahoo Messenger, and sit in an IRC channel, all at the
    same time. Pidgin supports many features of the various networks, such as
    file transfer, away messages, typing notification, and MSN window closing
    notification. A few popular features are Buddy Pounces, which give the
    ability to notify you, send a message, play a sound or run a programme
    when a specific buddy goes away, signs online or returns from idle.</para>

    <procedure>
      <title>To connect to an existing e-mail account using the Pidgin instant
      messenger, perform the following steps:</title>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
        point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click
        <emphasis role="strong">Pidgin Internet Messenger</emphasis>. The
        <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> dialogue box with a
        welcome message will be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0" id="fig-pidgin">
          <title>Launching Pidgin Internet Messenger</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_054.png" width="9cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Add</emphasis> to configure your
        any existing e-mail account on Pidgin. The <emphasis role="strong">Add
        Account</emphasis> dialogue box will be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Adding a New IM Account</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_055.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Add Account</emphasis> dialogue
        box, select the protocol, which is your e-mail account server name
        from the <emphasis role="strong">Protocol</emphasis> box. The protocol
        is the name of the server you want to use for chat. Type your selected
        protocol's e-mail ID in the <emphasis role="strong">Screen
        name</emphasis> box and the corresponding password. Type your nick
        name that you would like to be known by while chatting in the
        <emphasis role="strong">Local alias</emphasis> box. Click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis> to create the account. The <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> window will be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Providing Basic Account Information</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_056.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>You can see the newly created account with a check mark
        indicating that it is active in the <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> window. Click <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis>.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Viewing Added Accounts</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_057.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>

        <note>
          <title>Note:</title>

          <para>If you want to add another e-mail account, click <emphasis role="strong">Add</emphasis> in the <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> window and perform steps
          1-4.</para>
        </note>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>Now, click the <emphasis role="strong">Pidgin</emphasis> icon on
        the top panel of the desktop to view the <emphasis role="strong">Buddy
        List</emphasis> window for your current account.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Viewing Buddy List</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_058.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>To start using Pidgin, on the <emphasis role="strong">Buddies</emphasis> menu, click <emphasis role="strong">New Instant Message</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">New Instant Message</emphasis> window will be
        displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0" id="fig-pidgin_buddylist">
          <title>New Instant Message</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_059.png" width="2cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>To interact with other users, type the screen name or alias of
        the person you would like to chat with in the <emphasis role="strong">Name</emphasis> box and click <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis>. An IM window will be displayed.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>Specifying Buddy Name</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_060.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>You can use the box at the bottom of the window to type your
        messages and press Enter to send them. This is how you can start your
        conversation.</para>

        <figure float="0">
          <title>IM Window</title>

          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_061.png" width="5cm" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
        </figure>

        <tip>
          <title>Nice to Know:</title>

          <para>You can change the appearance of Pidgin by adding additional
          features, such as changing its graphical interface and theme to it.
          The packages required to do this are Pidgin-guifications,
          Pidgin-libnotify and Pidgin-themes. You can install these packages
          from Synaptic Package Manager by following the procedure listed in
          the <emphasis role="strong">Using Alternative E-Mail
          Client</emphasis> section.</para>
        </tip>
      </step>
    </procedure>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Making Phone Calls Using Softphones</title>

    <para>A softphone is a software programme that is used to make telephone
    calls over the Internet using a computer instead of using a regular phone.
    Your service provider may offer computer-to-computer calls for free, but
    PC-to-phone and phone-to-PC calls usually are charged. You need to have
    the same communication protocol and use a common audio codec to
    communicate with another person. The audio codec defines how voice is
    translated into digital signals. Examples of SIP softphones are Ekiga,
    WengoPhone, SIP Express Router and many more.</para>

    <para>You use a softphone with a headset connected to the computer or with
    a USB phone. The features of softphone include all standard telephony
    features, such as mute, flash, hold and transfer. It also includes new
    features, such as presence, video, wideband audio and many more. The
    softphone requirements to make voice calls over the Internet are a
    computer with a microphone and speaker, a headset or USB phone, Internet
    connectivity and an account with an Internet telephony service
    provider.</para>

    <tip>
      <title>Nice to Know:</title>

      <para>Skype, Google Talk and Vonage are Internet telephony service
      providers whose software you would need to install on your computer. But
      these three providers are not interoperable, and you cannot place a
      direct call between them.</para>
    </tip>

    <para>The configuration of Ekiga and the features of WengoPhone are
    described below.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>Using Ekiga</title>

      <para>Ekiga is an open source softphone application for Ubuntu. It is a
      free Voice over IP (VoIP) and video conferencing application. VoIP
      routes voice conversations over the Internet or through any other
      IP-based network. You can use Ekiga to call, send instant messages and
      be contacted by other Ekiga users.</para>

      <para>The First Time Configuration Assistant helps you configure Ekiga.
      It appears automatically when you open Ekiga for the first time.</para>

      <procedure>
        <title>To configure Ekiga on Ubuntu:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
          point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click
          <emphasis role="strong">Ekiga</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Configuration Assistant</emphasis> page will be
          displayed. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0" id="ekiga">
            <title>Launching Ekiga Softphone</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_062.png" width="8cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Personal Information</emphasis>
          page, type your full name in the <emphasis role="strong">Please
          enter your first name and your surname</emphasis> box. The name that
          you specify is used for display purposes when you connect to other
          audio or video applications. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Specifying Display Name</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_063.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">ekiga.net Account</emphasis>
          page, type your Ekiga's account user name and password that you use
          to log in to your existing Ekiga account. You will get this detail
          from the ekiga.net free SIP service. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Specifying ekiga.net Account Username and Password</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_064.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>If you do not have an SIP account, you can click the link
            <emphasis role="strong">Get an ekiga.net SIP account</emphasis> on
            the page to create an SIP account on ekiga.net.</para>
          </note>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Connection Type</emphasis>
          page, select the type of Internet connection you are using on your
          computer from the <emphasis role="strong">Please choose your
          connection type</emphasis> box. This connection type determines the
          best quality settings that Ekiga will use during calls. If you do
          not know the connection type, contact your system administrator.
          Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>. You can change
          these settings later.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Connection Type</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_065.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">NAT Type</emphasis> page, click
          <emphasis role="strong">Detect NAT Type</emphasis>. It informs you
          which Network Address Translation (NAT) type was detected and
          automatically configures Ekiga to transparently cross your router.
          So, NAT avoids all the problems associated with reserving IP
          addresses. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting NAT Type</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_066.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>To learn more about NAT, refer to: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation</ulink>.</para>
          </note>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Audio Manager</emphasis> page,
          select the audio manager, which is the plug-in, according to the
          sound card of your computer. The audio manager is a plug-in that
          manages your audio device and is dependant on the operating system
          on your computer. Though it is recommended to use ALSA, you should
          check with your your system administrator to identify the
          appropriate audio manager for the audio device that you want to use.
          Then, click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Audio Manager</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_067.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>Ekiga requires audio output and input devices to play and
          record sound files. The audio output device is used to play audio
          and audio input device to record your voice. So, on the <emphasis role="strong">Audio Devices</emphasis> page, select the audio output
          and input devices. For example, headset or speakers are the output
          device and your microphone the audio input device. Now, click
          <emphasis role="strong">Test Settings</emphasis> to check the
          functionality of audio devices and the click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Audio Devices</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_068.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Video Manager</emphasis> page,
          select the video manager, which is the plug-in used to manage your
          video devices. You can select Video4Linux to manage Webcams or AVC /
          DC for Firewire cameras. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Video Manager</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_069.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Video Devices</emphasis> page,
          select the video input device from the <emphasis role="strong">Please choose the video input device</emphasis> box.
          The video input device is the device managed by the video manager
          that will be used to capture video. If you do not want to do video
          conferencing or if you do not have a video device, you may skip this
          page.</para>

          <para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Test Settings</emphasis> to
          ensure that your video device works with Ekiga. Click <emphasis role="strong">Forward</emphasis>.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Selecting Video Devices</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_070.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <para>The configuration of Ekiga is now complete. This window
          displays a configuration summary of the settings you have selected.
          You can verify your settings here. If you want to make any
          modification, navigate to the required page by using <emphasis role="strong">Back</emphasis> and <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis> and make appropriate changes. Click
          <emphasis role="strong">Apply</emphasis> to save the
          configuration.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Account Configuration Summary</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_071.png" width="7cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>

          <para>The Configuration Assistant will close.</para>

          <note>
            <title>Note:</title>

            <para>After installing Ekiga, if you want to modify any
            configuration, you can run the configuration assistant again by
            <emphasis role="strong">Preferences</emphasis> on the <emphasis role="strong">Edit</emphasis> menu in the Ekiga window.</para>
          </note>

          <tip>
            <title>Nice to Know:</title>

            <para>For more information on Ekiga, refer to <ulink url="http://www.ekiga.org">http://www.ekiga.org</ulink>.</para>
          </tip>

          <para>The Ekiga window will be displayed. It is the default
          softphone application available on Ubuntu.</para>

          <figure float="0">
            <title>Ekiga Window</title>

            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_072.png" width="4cm" format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
            </mediaobject>
          </figure>
        </step>
      </procedure>

      <variablelist>
        <title>Making Calls Using Ekiga</title>
	<varlistentry>
	  <term>From Computer to Computer</term>
	  <listitem>
          <para>Using Ekiga, you can call anyone who is registered to the
          public SIP provider and uses a SIP software or hardware. You can use
          the online address book of Ekiga to find the SIP addresses of other
          Ekiga users. It is of course possible to call users who are using
          another provider than ekiga.net. You can actually call any user
          using SIP software or hardware, registered to any public SIP
          provider. To make calls, you can type the Uniform Resource Locator
          (URL) address of the user you wish to call in the <emphasis role="strong">sip</emphasis> : input box and click the connect icon
          on the right of the text box to place a call. If you know the URL
          address of the party that you wish to call, you may enter that URL
          into the sip: input box at the top of the screen and press the
          <emphasis role="strong">Connect</emphasis> button. Pressing the
          <emphasis role="strong">Connect</emphasis> button would call the
          user at that address. With the default setup, you can simply type
          <emphasis role="strong">sip:foo</emphasis> to call user <emphasis role="strong">foo@ekiga.net</emphasis>.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>
	<varlistentry>
	  <term>From Computer to Regular Phones</term>
	  <listitem>
          <para>You can use Ekiga with multiple Internet Telephony Service
          Providers. There is a charge for this service so you will need to
          create an account with the provider first. You can then dial the
          numbers from the <emphasis role="strong">Dialpad</emphasis> and make
          calls.</para>

        <para>If you want to create an account and use it to call your friends
        and family using appears, which allows you to create an account using
        the Get an Ekiga PC-to-Phone account. After the account is created,
        you will receive a login and a password by e-mail. Simply enter them
        in the dialogue box, select <emphasis role="strong">Use PC-To-Phone
        service</emphasis> and you are ready to call regular phones using
        Ekiga. With the default setup, you can simply use <emphasis role="strong">sip:00911129535955</emphasis> to call the real phone
        number 003210444555, 00 is the international dialling code, 91 is the
        country code and 1129535955 is the number to call.</para>

	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>
	<varlistentry>
	  <term>From Real Phones to Computer</term>
	  <listitem>
          <para>You can also use Ekiga to receive incoming calls from regular
          phones. For this, you have to login to <emphasis role="strong">PC-To-Phone</emphasis> account and purchase a phone
          number. Ekiga then rings, when people call you at that phone
          number.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
        <note>
          <title>Note:</title>

          <para>To learn more about making phone calls by using Ekiga, refer
          to <ulink url="http://www.ekiga.org/index.php?rub=3">http://www.ekiga.org/index.php?rub=3</ulink>.</para>
        </note>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Installing WengoPhone</title>

      <para>WengoPhone is also a free software based on SIP. The OpenWengo
      community developed WengoPhone under the GNU General Public License
      (GPL). You can speak to other users of SIP compliant VoIP software at no
      cost by using WengoPhone. In addition, it allows you to call landlines,
      cellphones, send messages and to make video calls.</para>

      <para>Wengophone is not a default application on Ubuntu. But you can
      download it from Synaptic Package Manager.</para>

      <note>
        <title>Note:</title>

        <para>You can follow the procedure listed in the <emphasis role="strong">Using Alternative E-Mail Client</emphasis> section to
        install Wengophone on Ubuntu.</para>
      </note>

      <para>To open Wengophone on Ubuntu, on the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">WengoPhone</emphasis>.</para>

      <figure float="0" id="wengophone">
        <title>Launching WengoPhone</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_073.png" width="11cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <para>The <emphasis role="strong">WengoPhone-Login</emphasis> window
      will be displayed.</para>

      <para>You need to have a Wengo account to use WengoPhone.Type your Wengo
      e-mail address in the <emphasis role="strong">Email Address</emphasis>
      field and the account password in the <emphasis role="strong">Password</emphasis> box. If you do not have a Wengo
      account, click <emphasis role="strong">Click here if you don't have a
      Wengo account</emphasis> to create one and then click <emphasis role="strong">Login</emphasis> to start using WengoPhone.</para>

      <figure float="0">
        <title>WengoPhone Login Window</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_074.png" width="9cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <para>To learn how to use Wengophone, refer to: <ulink url="http://www.wengophone.com/">http://www.wengophone.com/</ulink>.</para>

      <tip>
        <title>Nice to Know:</title>

        <para>WengoPhone uses DSL, Cable or WiFi Internet connection to
        provide telephony services.</para>
      </tip>

      <figure float="0">
        <title>Wengophone Window</title>

        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson04_images_075.png" width="6cm" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </figure>

      <procedure>
        <title>The main features of WengoPhone include:</title>

        <step performance="required">
          <title>Chat:</title>

          <para>You can chat with your MSN, Yahoo, AIM, Jabber and Google Talk
          contacts from within your WengoPhone.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <title>Call:</title>

          <para>You have to know the nickname of users using Wengo account and
          can make calls from your computer to another computer for free. To
          make calls on landline and mobile, you need to purchase Wengo's
          call-credits. WengoPhone has useful conference call, call waiting
          and call forward features.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <title>Video:</title>

          <para>WengoPhone allows you to make free video calls with your Wengo
          contacts.</para>
        </step>

        <step performance="required">
          <title>SMS:</title>

          <para>WengoPhone enables you to send SMS to your friends' mobile
          phones all over the world at one single rate. It offers you to
          purchase a call-in service with a Wengo phone number so that people
          will be able to contact you on this number, and you can hear their
          message as a regular phone call.</para>
        </step>
      </procedure>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Skype</title>

      <para>Skype is another softphone that can be used on Ubuntu to make
      calls over the Internet. The source code of Skype is proprietary, but
      the software is free to use. Your calls go through distributed servers
      and not through a central server. To accomplish this, Skype uses a
      decentralized peer-to-peer technologies and its own proprietary
      communication protocol. Skype uses encrypted communication, which means
      all communications are encrypted from end-to-end so that others cannot
      listen in. We will not go into detail over Skype communication
      here.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <?hard-pagebreak ?>

  <sect1>
    <title>Lesson Summary</title>

    <itemizedlist>
      <para>In this lesson, you learned that:</para>

      <listitem>
        <para>You can connect a computer to the Internet using cable, wireless
        and dial-up connections.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Mozilla Firefox is an open source, powerful and secure Web
        browser. It is available for free and is the default browser on
        Ubuntu.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Firefox includes two powerful features that make your online
        experience better and more productive -integrated search system and
        live bookmarking.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Liferea is an RSS feed reader, which offers useful features to
        manage your newsgroup subscription.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Evolution is the default e-mail client for Ubuntu.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Mozilla Thunderbird is the e-mail application developed by
        Mozilla Foundation. It is a free, cross-platform e-mail and news
        client. It is also used to access newsgroups.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>The default instant messenger client on Ubuntu is Pidgin. It is
        a cross-platform instant messenger that supports multiple popular IM
        network protocols.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Ekiga is the default open source softphone application for
        Ubuntu.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>WengoPhone is a free-software based on SIP. It allows you to
        call landlines and cellphones, send messages and make video
        calls.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 role="questions">
    <title>Review Exercise</title>

    <qandaset>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>What are the three main ways to connect to the
          Internet?</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>The three main ways to connect to the Internet are through
          cable, wireless and dial-up connections.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Which tool is used to identify a modem on Ubuntu?</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>The ScanModem tool is used to identify a modem on
          Ubuntu.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Why do you require a live bookmark in Firefox?</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>Mozilla Firefox uses a live bookmark for quick access to saved
          Web addresses.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>What is a feed?</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>A feed is an XML Web page that contains a list of links to
          other Web pages.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Match the following:</para>

          <informaltable>

            <tgroup cols="2">
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry><para>1) Evolution</para></entry>

                  <entry><para>a) Web browser</para></entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry><para>2) Firefox</para></entry>

                  <entry><para>b) Mail client</para></entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry><para>3) Ekiga</para></entry>

                  <entry><para>c) Instant messenger</para></entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                  <entry><para>4) Pidgin</para></entry>

                  <entry><para>d) Phone calls</para></entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>1-b, 2-a, 3-d and 4-c</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Thunderbird is a free, _____________________ e-mail and news
          client.</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>Thunderbird is a free, cross-platform e-mail and news
          client.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>You can get an SIP address from _____________________.</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>You can get an SIP address from <ulink url="http://www.ekiga.net">http://www.ekiga.net</ulink>.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>On which protocol is WengoPhone based?</para>

          <para>A. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)</para>

          <para>B. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)</para>

          <para>C. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)</para>

          <para>D. Internet Protocol version 6 (Ipv6)</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>C. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>The source code of Skype software is _____________________,
          but the software is _____________________to use.</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>The source code of Skype software is proprietary, but the
          software is free to use.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Which of the following is an RSS feed reader?</para>

          <para>A. Ekiga</para>

          <para>B. Liferea</para>

          <para>C. Pan</para>

          <para>D. Wengo</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>B. Liferea</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Liferea is a news _____________________for online news
          feeds.</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>Liferea is a news accumulator for online news feeds.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Which of the following is proprietary software?</para>

          <para>A. Skype</para>

          <para>B. Ekiga</para>

          <para>C. Wengophone</para>

          <para>D. Firefox</para>
        </question>

        <answer>
          <para>A. Skype</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
    </qandaset>
  </sect1>

  <sect1>
    <title>Lab Exercise</title>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Exercise 1</title>

      <para>You are using the Firefox Web browser to view several interesting
      Web sites. You come across a Web site <ulink url="http://www.stevepavlina.com">http://www.stevepavlina.com</ulink>.
      You want to save the URL for future referencing. Your friend suggests
      creating a bookmark so that the next time when you are online, you can
      click the link that will directly take you to that Web page.</para>
    </formalpara>

    <procedure>
      <title>In Mozilla Firefox, create a live bookmark.</title>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>Open the Firefox Web browser. On the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks</emphasis> menu, click <emphasis role="strong">Organise Bookmarks</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks Manager</emphasis> window is displayed.</para>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks Manager</emphasis>
        window, on the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, click
        <emphasis role="strong">New Live Bookmark</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Properties for New Live Bookmark</emphasis> dialogue box
        is displays.</para>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Properties for New Live
        Bookmark</emphasis> dialogue box, type <emphasis
        role="strong">Personal</emphasis> <emphasis
        role="strong">Development</emphasis> in the <emphasis
        role="strong">Name</emphasis> box, <ulink
        url="http://www.stevepavlina.com">http://www.stevepavlina.com</ulink>
        in the <emphasis role="strong">Feed Location</emphasis> box
        and <emphasis role="strong">My live bookmark</emphasis> in the
        <emphasis role="strong">Description</emphasis> box. Click
        <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> and close the <emphasis
        role="strong">Bookmarks Manager</emphasis> window.</para>
      </step>

      <step performance="required">
        <para>In the Firefox Web browser, on the <emphasis role="strong">Bookmarks</emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">My live bookmark</emphasis>. The list of feeds
        displays.</para>
      </step>
    </procedure>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Exercise 2</title>

      <para>You use Liferea as a newsreader on your computer. Recently, you
      met a friend who informed you about a Web site that offers RSS feeds,
      <ulink url="http://www.lifehacker.com">http://www.lifehacker.com</ulink>. Now, you want to configure Liferea
      for the latest updates from this Web site.</para>
    </formalpara>

    <orderedlist continuation="restarts" inheritnum="ignore" numeration="arabic">
      <listitem>
        <para>Open the following Web site <ulink url="http://www.lifehacker.com">http://www.lifehacker.com</ulink>.
        This site offers RSS feeds.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>In the left pane, under <emphasis role="strong">syndication</emphasis>, click <emphasis role="strong">Full content (with ads).</emphasis> Save the URL in the
        <emphasis role="strong">Address bar</emphasis> of Mozilla Firefox.
        This URL, <ulink url="http://feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full">http://feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full</ulink>, is the feed.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Open Liferea.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Right-click in the left pane, point to <emphasis role="strong">New</emphasis> and click <emphasis role="strong">New
        Subscription</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">New
        Subscription</emphasis> dialogue box is displayed.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">New Subscription</emphasis>
        dialogue box, type the saved URL <ulink url="http://feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full">http://feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full</ulink> and click OK.</para>
      </listitem>
    </orderedlist>

    <formalpara>
      <title>Exercise 3</title>

      <para>You want to chat with your friend, who uses Google talk (gtalk).
      Configure Pidgin to chat using gtalk.</para>
    </formalpara>

    <orderedlist continuation="restarts" inheritnum="ignore" numeration="arabic">
      <listitem>
        <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
        point to <emphasis role="strong">Internet</emphasis> and click
        <emphasis role="strong">Pidgin Internet Messenger</emphasis>.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> menu, click
        <emphasis role="strong">Add/Edit</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> window is displayed.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Accounts</emphasis> window, click
        <emphasis role="strong">Add</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Add Account</emphasis> window is displayed.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Add Account</emphasis> window,
        select <emphasis role="strong">xmpp</emphasis> from the <emphasis role="strong">Protocol</emphasis> box, type your gtalk e-mail id in
        the <emphasis role="strong">Screen name</emphasis> box, your account
        password in the <emphasis role="strong">Password</emphasis> box and
        your nickname in the <emphasis role="strong">Local alias</emphasis>
        box. Click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis>.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>You are now connected to the gtalk server.</para>
      </listitem>
    </orderedlist>
  </sect1>
</chapter>