~initos.com/openobject-server/trunk-bug-1314037

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
##############################################################################
#
#    OpenERP, Open Source Management Solution
#    Copyright (C) 2004-2009 Tiny SPRL (<http://tiny.be>).
#
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
#    published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
#    License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
##############################################################################

""" Domain expression processing

The main duty of this module is to compile a domain expression into a
SQL query. A lot of things should be documented here, but as a first
step in the right direction, some tests in test_osv_expression.yml
might give you some additional information.

For legacy reasons, a domain uses an inconsistent two-levels abstract
syntax (domains are regular Python data structures). At the first
level, a domain is an expression made of terms (sometimes called
leaves) and (domain) operators used in prefix notation. The available
operators at this level are '!', '&', and '|'. '!' is a unary 'not',
'&' is a binary 'and', and '|' is a binary 'or'.  For instance, here
is a possible domain. (<term> stands for an arbitrary term, more on
this later.)::

    ['&', '!', <term1>, '|', <term2>, <term3>]

It is equivalent to this pseudo code using infix notation::

    (not <term1>) and (<term2> or <term3>)

The second level of syntax deals with the term representation. A term
is a triple of the form (left, operator, right). That is, a term uses
an infix notation, and the available operators, and possible left and
right operands differ with those of the previous level. Here is a
possible term::

    ('company_id.name', '=', 'OpenERP')

The left and right operand don't have the same possible values. The
left operand is field name (related to the model for which the domain
applies).  Actually, the field name can use the dot-notation to
traverse relationships.  The right operand is a Python value whose
type should match the used operator and field type. In the above
example, a string is used because the name field of a company has type
string, and because we use the '=' operator. When appropriate, a 'in'
operator can be used, and thus the right operand should be a list.

Note: the non-uniform syntax could have been more uniform, but this
would hide an important limitation of the domain syntax. Say that the
term representation was ['=', 'company_id.name', 'OpenERP']. Used in a
complete domain, this would look like::

    ['!', ['=', 'company_id.name', 'OpenERP']]

and you would be tempted to believe something like this would be
possible::

    ['!', ['=', 'company_id.name', ['&', ..., ...]]]

That is, a domain could be a valid operand. But this is not the
case. A domain is really limited to a two-level nature, and can not
take a recursive form: a domain is not a valid second-level operand.

Unaccent - Accent-insensitive search

OpenERP will use the SQL function 'unaccent' when available for the
'ilike' and 'not ilike' operators, and enabled in the configuration.
Normally the 'unaccent' function is obtained from `the PostgreSQL
'unaccent' contrib module
<http://developer.postgresql.org/pgdocs/postgres/unaccent.html>`_.

.. todo: The following explanation should be moved in some external
         installation guide

The steps to install the module might differ on specific PostgreSQL
versions.  We give here some instruction for PostgreSQL 9.x on a
Ubuntu system.

Ubuntu doesn't come yet with PostgreSQL 9.x, so an alternative package
source is used. We use Martin Pitt's PPA available at
`ppa:pitti/postgresql
<https://launchpad.net/~pitti/+archive/postgresql>`_.

.. code-block:: sh

    > sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pitti/postgresql
    > sudo apt-get update

Once the package list is up-to-date, you have to install PostgreSQL
9.0 and its contrib modules.

.. code-block:: sh

    > sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.0 postgresql-contrib-9.0

When you want to enable unaccent on some database:

.. code-block:: sh

    > psql9 <database> -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.0/contrib/unaccent.sql

Here :program:`psql9` is an alias for the newly installed PostgreSQL
9.0 tool, together with the correct port if necessary (for instance if
PostgreSQL 8.4 is running on 5432). (Other aliases can be used for
createdb and dropdb.)

.. code-block:: sh

    > alias psql9='/usr/lib/postgresql/9.0/bin/psql -p 5433'

You can check unaccent is working:

.. code-block:: sh

    > psql9 <database> -c"select unaccent('hélène')"

Finally, to instruct OpenERP to really use the unaccent function, you have to
start the server specifying the ``--unaccent`` flag.

"""

import logging
import traceback
import hashlib

import openerp.modules
from openerp.osv import fields
from openerp.osv.orm import MAGIC_COLUMNS
import openerp.tools as tools


# Domain operators.
NOT_OPERATOR = '!'
OR_OPERATOR = '|'
AND_OPERATOR = '&'
DOMAIN_OPERATORS = (NOT_OPERATOR, OR_OPERATOR, AND_OPERATOR)

# List of available term operators. It is also possible to use the '<>'
# operator, which is strictly the same as '!='; the later should be prefered
# for consistency. This list doesn't contain '<>' as it is simpified to '!='
# by the normalize_operator() function (so later part of the code deals with
# only one representation).
# Internals (i.e. not available to the user) 'inselect' and 'not inselect'
# operators are also used. In this case its right operand has the form (subselect, params).
TERM_OPERATORS = ('=', '!=', '<=', '<', '>', '>=', '=?', '=like', '=ilike',
                  'like', 'not like', 'ilike', 'not ilike', 'in', 'not in',
                  'child_of')

# A subset of the above operators, with a 'negative' semantic. When the
# expressions 'in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS' or 'not in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS' are used in the code
# below, this doesn't necessarily mean that any of those NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS is
# legal in the processed term.
NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS = ('!=', 'not like', 'not ilike', 'not in')

TRUE_LEAF = (1, '=', 1)
FALSE_LEAF = (0, '=', 1)

TRUE_DOMAIN = [TRUE_LEAF]
FALSE_DOMAIN = [FALSE_LEAF]

_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


# --------------------------------------------------
# Generic domain manipulation
# --------------------------------------------------

def normalize_domain(domain):
    """Returns a normalized version of ``domain_expr``, where all implicit '&' operators
       have been made explicit. One property of normalized domain expressions is that they
       can be easily combined together as if they were single domain components.
    """
    assert isinstance(domain, (list, tuple)), "Domains to normalize must have a 'domain' form: a list or tuple of domain components"
    if not domain:
        return TRUE_DOMAIN
    result = []
    expected = 1                            # expected number of expressions
    op_arity = {NOT_OPERATOR: 1, AND_OPERATOR: 2, OR_OPERATOR: 2}
    for token in domain:
        if expected == 0:                   # more than expected, like in [A, B]
            result[0:0] = [AND_OPERATOR]             # put an extra '&' in front
            expected = 1
        result.append(token)
        if isinstance(token, (list, tuple)):  # domain term
            expected -= 1
        else:
            expected += op_arity.get(token, 0) - 1
    assert expected == 0, 'This domain is syntactically not correct: %s' % (domain)
    return result


def combine(operator, unit, zero, domains):
    """Returns a new domain expression where all domain components from ``domains``
       have been added together using the binary operator ``operator``. The given
       domains must be normalized.

       :param unit: the identity element of the domains "set" with regard to the operation
                    performed by ``operator``, i.e the domain component ``i`` which, when
                    combined with any domain ``x`` via ``operator``, yields ``x``.
                    E.g. [(1,'=',1)] is the typical unit for AND_OPERATOR: adding it
                    to any domain component gives the same domain.
       :param zero: the absorbing element of the domains "set" with regard to the operation
                    performed by ``operator``, i.e the domain component ``z`` which, when
                    combined with any domain ``x`` via ``operator``, yields ``z``.
                    E.g. [(1,'=',1)] is the typical zero for OR_OPERATOR: as soon as
                    you see it in a domain component the resulting domain is the zero.
       :param domains: a list of normalized domains.
    """
    result = []
    count = 0
    for domain in domains:
        if domain == unit:
            continue
        if domain == zero:
            return zero
        if domain:
            result += domain
            count += 1
    result = [operator] * (count - 1) + result
    return result


def AND(domains):
    """AND([D1,D2,...]) returns a domain representing D1 and D2 and ... """
    return combine(AND_OPERATOR, TRUE_DOMAIN, FALSE_DOMAIN, domains)


def OR(domains):
    """OR([D1,D2,...]) returns a domain representing D1 or D2 or ... """
    return combine(OR_OPERATOR, FALSE_DOMAIN, TRUE_DOMAIN, domains)


def distribute_not(domain):
    """ Distribute any '!' domain operators found inside a normalized domain.

    Because we don't use SQL semantic for processing a 'left not in right'
    query (i.e. our 'not in' is not simply translated to a SQL 'not in'),
    it means that a '! left in right' can not be simply processed
    by __leaf_to_sql by first emitting code for 'left in right' then wrapping
    the result with 'not (...)', as it would result in a 'not in' at the SQL
    level.

    This function is thus responsible for pushing any '!' domain operators
    inside the terms themselves. For example::

         ['!','&',('user_id','=',4),('partner_id','in',[1,2])]
            will be turned into:
         ['|',('user_id','!=',4),('partner_id','not in',[1,2])]

    """
    def negate(leaf):
        """Negates and returns a single domain leaf term,
        using the opposite operator if possible"""
        left, operator, right = leaf
        mapping = {
            '<': '>=',
            '>': '<=',
            '<=': '>',
            '>=': '<',
            '=': '!=',
            '!=': '=',
        }
        if operator in ('in', 'like', 'ilike'):
            operator = 'not ' + operator
            return [(left, operator, right)]
        if operator in ('not in', 'not like', 'not ilike'):
            operator = operator[4:]
            return [(left, operator, right)]
        if operator in mapping:
            operator = mapping[operator]
            return [(left, operator, right)]
        return [NOT_OPERATOR, (left, operator, right)]

    def distribute_negate(domain):
        """Negate the domain ``subtree`` rooted at domain[0],
        leaving the rest of the domain intact, and return
        (negated_subtree, untouched_domain_rest)
        """
        if is_leaf(domain[0]):
            return negate(domain[0]), domain[1:]
        if domain[0] == AND_OPERATOR:
            done1, todo1 = distribute_negate(domain[1:])
            done2, todo2 = distribute_negate(todo1)
            return [OR_OPERATOR] + done1 + done2, todo2
        if domain[0] == OR_OPERATOR:
            done1, todo1 = distribute_negate(domain[1:])
            done2, todo2 = distribute_negate(todo1)
            return [AND_OPERATOR] + done1 + done2, todo2
    if not domain:
        return []
    if domain[0] != NOT_OPERATOR:
        return [domain[0]] + distribute_not(domain[1:])
    if domain[0] == NOT_OPERATOR:
        done, todo = distribute_negate(domain[1:])
        return done + distribute_not(todo)


# --------------------------------------------------
# Generic leaf manipulation
# --------------------------------------------------

def _quote(to_quote):
    if '"' not in to_quote:
        return '"%s"' % to_quote
    return to_quote


def generate_table_alias(src_table_alias, joined_tables=[]):
    """ Generate a standard table alias name. An alias is generated as following:
        - the base is the source table name (that can already be an alias)
        - then, each joined table is added in the alias using a 'link field name'
          that is used to render unique aliases for a given path
        - returns a tuple composed of the alias, and the full table alias to be
          added in a from condition with quoting done
        Examples:
        - src_table_alias='res_users', join_tables=[]:
            alias = ('res_users','"res_users"')
        - src_model='res_users', join_tables=[(res.partner, 'parent_id')]
            alias = ('res_users__parent_id', '"res_partner" as "res_users__parent_id"')

        :param model src_table_alias: model source of the alias
        :param list joined_tables: list of tuples
                                   (dst_model, link_field)

        :return tuple: (table_alias, alias statement for from clause with quotes added)
    """
    alias = src_table_alias
    if not joined_tables:
        return '%s' % alias, '%s' % _quote(alias)
    for link in joined_tables:
        alias += '__' + link[1]
    # Use an alternate alias scheme if length exceeds the PostgreSQL limit 
    #  of 63 characters.
    if len(alias) >= 64:
        # We have to fit a 160 bit hash (= 40 characters) and one underscore
        #  into a 63 character alias. The remaining space we can use to add 
        #  a human readable prefix.
        ALIAS_PREFIX_LENGTH = 63 - 40 - 1
        alias = "%s_%s" % (alias[:ALIAS_PREFIX_LENGTH],
                           hashlib.sha1(alias).hexdigest())
    return '%s' % alias, '%s as %s' % (_quote(joined_tables[-1][0]), _quote(alias))


def get_alias_from_query(from_query):
    """ :param string from_query: is something like :
        - '"res_partner"' OR
        - '"res_partner" as "res_users__partner_id"''
    """
    from_splitted = from_query.split(' as ')
    if len(from_splitted) > 1:
        return from_splitted[0].replace('"', ''), from_splitted[1].replace('"', '')
    else:
        return from_splitted[0].replace('"', ''), from_splitted[0].replace('"', '')


def normalize_leaf(element):
    """ Change a term's operator to some canonical form, simplifying later
        processing. """
    if not is_leaf(element):
        return element
    left, operator, right = element
    original = operator
    operator = operator.lower()
    if operator == '<>':
        operator = '!='
    if isinstance(right, bool) and operator in ('in', 'not in'):
        _logger.warning("The domain term '%s' should use the '=' or '!=' operator." % ((left, original, right),))
        operator = '=' if operator == 'in' else '!='
    if isinstance(right, (list, tuple)) and operator in ('=', '!='):
        _logger.warning("The domain term '%s' should use the 'in' or 'not in' operator." % ((left, original, right),))
        operator = 'in' if operator == '=' else 'not in'
    return left, operator, right


def is_operator(element):
    """ Test whether an object is a valid domain operator. """
    return isinstance(element, basestring) and element in DOMAIN_OPERATORS


def is_leaf(element, internal=False):
    """ Test whether an object is a valid domain term:
        - is a list or tuple
        - with 3 elements
        - second element if a valid op

        :param tuple element: a leaf in form (left, operator, right)
        :param boolean internal: allow or not the 'inselect' internal operator
            in the term. This should be always left to False.

        Note: OLD TODO change the share wizard to use this function.
    """
    INTERNAL_OPS = TERM_OPERATORS + ('<>',)
    if internal:
        INTERNAL_OPS += ('inselect', 'not inselect')
    return (isinstance(element, tuple) or isinstance(element, list)) \
        and len(element) == 3 \
        and element[1] in INTERNAL_OPS \
        and ((isinstance(element[0], basestring) and element[0])
             or element in (TRUE_LEAF, FALSE_LEAF))


# --------------------------------------------------
# SQL utils
# --------------------------------------------------

def select_from_where(cr, select_field, from_table, where_field, where_ids, where_operator):
    # todo: merge into parent query as sub-query
    res = []
    if where_ids:
        if where_operator in ['<', '>', '>=', '<=']:
            cr.execute('SELECT "%s" FROM "%s" WHERE "%s" %s %%s' % \
                (select_field, from_table, where_field, where_operator),
                (where_ids[0],))  # TODO shouldn't this be min/max(where_ids) ?
            res = [r[0] for r in cr.fetchall()]
        else:  # TODO where_operator is supposed to be 'in'? It is called with child_of...
            for i in range(0, len(where_ids), cr.IN_MAX):
                subids = where_ids[i:i + cr.IN_MAX]
                cr.execute('SELECT "%s" FROM "%s" WHERE "%s" IN %%s' % \
                    (select_field, from_table, where_field), (tuple(subids),))
                res.extend([r[0] for r in cr.fetchall()])
    return res


def select_distinct_from_where_not_null(cr, select_field, from_table):
    cr.execute('SELECT distinct("%s") FROM "%s" where "%s" is not null' % (select_field, from_table, select_field))
    return [r[0] for r in cr.fetchall()]

def get_unaccent_wrapper(cr):
    if openerp.modules.registry.RegistryManager.get(cr.dbname).has_unaccent:
        return lambda x: "unaccent(%s)" % (x,)
    return lambda x: x

# --------------------------------------------------
# ExtendedLeaf class for managing leafs and contexts
# -------------------------------------------------

class ExtendedLeaf(object):
    """ Class wrapping a domain leaf, and giving some services and management
        features on it. In particular it managed join contexts to be able to
        construct queries through multiple models.
    """

    # --------------------------------------------------
    # Join / Context manipulation
    #   running examples:
    #   - res_users.name, like, foo: name is on res_partner, not on res_users
    #   - res_partner.bank_ids.name, like, foo: bank_ids is a one2many with _auto_join
    #   - res_partner.state_id.name, like, foo: state_id is a many2one with _auto_join
    # A join:
    #   - link between src_table and dst_table, using src_field and dst_field
    #       i.e.: inherits: res_users.partner_id = res_partner.id
    #       i.e.: one2many: res_partner.id = res_partner_bank.partner_id
    #       i.e.: many2one: res_partner.state_id = res_country_state.id
    #   - done in the context of a field
    #       i.e.: inherits: 'partner_id'
    #       i.e.: one2many: 'bank_ids'
    #       i.e.: many2one: 'state_id'
    #   - table names use aliases: initial table followed by the context field
    #     names, joined using a '__'
    #       i.e.: inherits: res_partner as res_users__partner_id
    #       i.e.: one2many: res_partner_bank as res_partner__bank_ids
    #       i.e.: many2one: res_country_state as res_partner__state_id
    #   - join condition use aliases
    #       i.e.: inherits: res_users.partner_id = res_users__partner_id.id
    #       i.e.: one2many: res_partner.id = res_partner__bank_ids.parr_id
    #       i.e.: many2one: res_partner.state_id = res_partner__state_id.id
    # Variables explanation:
    #   - src_table: working table before the join
    #       -> res_users, res_partner, res_partner
    #   - dst_table: working table after the join
    #       -> res_partner, res_partner_bank, res_country_state
    #   - src_table_link_name: field name used to link the src table, not
    #     necessarily a field (because 'id' is not a field instance)
    #       i.e.: inherits: 'partner_id', found in the inherits of the current table
    #       i.e.: one2many: 'id', not a field
    #       i.e.: many2one: 'state_id', the current field name
    #   - dst_table_link_name: field name used to link the dst table, not
    #     necessarily a field (because 'id' is not a field instance)
    #       i.e.: inherits: 'id', not a field
    #       i.e.: one2many: 'partner_id', _fields_id of the current field
    #       i.e.: many2one: 'id', not a field
    #   - context_field_name: field name used as a context to make the alias
    #       i.e.: inherits: 'partner_id': found in the inherits of the current table
    #       i.e.: one2many: 'bank_ids': current field name
    #       i.e.: many2one: 'state_id': current field name
    # --------------------------------------------------

    def __init__(self, leaf, model, join_context=None):
        """ Initialize the ExtendedLeaf

            :attr [string, tuple] leaf: operator or tuple-formatted domain
                expression
            :attr obj model: current working model
            :attr list _models: list of chained models, updated when
                adding joins
            :attr list join_context: list of join contexts. This is a list of
                tuples like ``(lhs, table, lhs_col, col, link)``

                where

                lhs
                    source (left hand) model
                model
                    destination (right hand) model
                lhs_col
                    source model column for join condition
                col
                    destination model column for join condition
                link
                    link column between source and destination model
                    that is not necessarily (but generally) a real column used
                    in the condition (i.e. in many2one); this link is used to
                    compute aliases
        """
        assert model, 'Invalid leaf creation without table'
        self.join_context = join_context or []
        self.leaf = leaf
        # normalize the leaf's operator
        self.normalize_leaf()
        # set working variables; handle the context stack and previous tables
        self.model = model
        self._models = []
        for item in self.join_context:
            self._models.append(item[0])
        self._models.append(model)
        # check validity
        self.check_leaf()

    def __str__(self):
        return '<osv.ExtendedLeaf: %s on %s (ctx: %s)>' % (str(self.leaf), self.model._table, ','.join(self._get_context_debug()))

    def generate_alias(self):
        links = [(context[1]._table, context[4]) for context in self.join_context]
        alias, alias_statement = generate_table_alias(self._models[0]._table, links)
        return alias

    def add_join_context(self, model, lhs_col, table_col, link):
        """ See above comments for more details. A join context is a tuple like:
                ``(lhs, model, lhs_col, col, link)``

            After adding the join, the model of the current leaf is updated.
        """
        self.join_context.append((self.model, model, lhs_col, table_col, link))
        self._models.append(model)
        self.model = model

    def get_join_conditions(self):
        conditions = []
        alias = self._models[0]._table
        links = []
        for context in self.join_context:
            previous_alias = alias
            links.append((context[1]._table, context[4]))
            alias, _ = generate_table_alias(self._models[0]._table, links)
            conditions.append('"%s"."%s"="%s"."%s"' % (previous_alias, context[2], alias, context[3]))
        return conditions

    def get_tables(self):
        tables = set()
        links = []
        for context in self.join_context:
            links.append((context[1]._table, context[4]))
            alias, alias_statement = generate_table_alias(self._models[0]._table, links)
            tables.add(alias_statement)
        return tables

    def _get_context_debug(self):
        names = ['"%s"."%s"="%s"."%s" (%s)' % (item[0]._table, item[2], item[1]._table, item[3], item[4]) for item in self.join_context]
        return names

    # --------------------------------------------------
    # Leaf manipulation
    # --------------------------------------------------

    def check_leaf(self):
        """ Leaf validity rules:
            - a valid leaf is an operator or a leaf
            - a valid leaf has a field objects unless
                - it is not a tuple
                - it is an inherited field
                - left is id, operator is 'child_of'
                - left is in MAGIC_COLUMNS
        """
        if not is_operator(self.leaf) and not is_leaf(self.leaf, True):
            raise ValueError("Invalid leaf %s" % str(self.leaf))

    def is_operator(self):
        return is_operator(self.leaf)

    def is_true_leaf(self):
        return self.leaf == TRUE_LEAF

    def is_false_leaf(self):
        return self.leaf == FALSE_LEAF

    def is_leaf(self, internal=False):
        return is_leaf(self.leaf, internal=internal)

    def normalize_leaf(self):
        self.leaf = normalize_leaf(self.leaf)
        return True

def create_substitution_leaf(leaf, new_elements, new_model=None):
    """ From a leaf, create a new leaf (based on the new_elements tuple
        and new_model), that will have the same join context. Used to
        insert equivalent leafs in the processing stack. """
    if new_model is None:
        new_model = leaf.model
    new_join_context = [tuple(context) for context in leaf.join_context]
    new_leaf = ExtendedLeaf(new_elements, new_model, join_context=new_join_context)
    return new_leaf

class expression(object):
    """ Parse a domain expression
        Use a real polish notation
        Leafs are still in a ('foo', '=', 'bar') format
        For more info: http://christophe-simonis-at-tiny.blogspot.com/2008/08/new-new-domain-notation.html
    """

    def __init__(self, cr, uid, exp, table, context):
        """ Initialize expression object and automatically parse the expression
            right after initialization.

            :param exp: expression (using domain ('foo', '=', 'bar' format))
            :param table: root model

            :attr list result: list that will hold the result of the parsing
                as a list of ExtendedLeaf
            :attr list joins: list of join conditions, such as
                (res_country_state."id" = res_partner."state_id")
            :attr root_model: base model for the query
            :attr list expression: the domain expression, that will be normalized
                and prepared
        """
        self._unaccent = get_unaccent_wrapper(cr)
        self.joins = []
        self.root_model = table

        # normalize and prepare the expression for parsing
        self.expression = distribute_not(normalize_domain(exp))

        # parse the domain expression
        self.parse(cr, uid, context=context)

    # ----------------------------------------
    # Leafs management
    # ----------------------------------------

    def get_tables(self):
        """ Returns the list of tables for SQL queries, like select from ... """
        tables = []
        for leaf in self.result:
            for table in leaf.get_tables():
                if table not in tables:
                    tables.append(table)
        table_name = _quote(self.root_model._table)
        if table_name not in tables:
            tables.append(table_name)
        return tables

    # ----------------------------------------
    # Parsing
    # ----------------------------------------

    def parse(self, cr, uid, context):
        """ Transform the leaves of the expression

            The principle is to pop elements from a leaf stack one at a time.
            Each leaf is processed. The processing is a if/elif list of various
            cases that appear in the leafs (many2one, function fields, ...).
            Two things can happen as a processing result:
            - the leaf has been modified and/or new leafs have to be introduced
              in the expression; they are pushed into the leaf stack, to be
              processed right after
            - the leaf is added to the result

            Some internal var explanation:
                :var obj working_model: model object, model containing the field
                    (the name provided in the left operand)
                :var list field_path: left operand seen as a path (foo.bar -> [foo, bar])
                :var obj relational_model: relational model of a field (field._obj)
                    ex: res_partner.bank_ids -> res.partner.bank
        """

        def to_ids(value, relational_model, context=None, limit=None):
            """ Normalize a single id or name, or a list of those, into a list of ids
                :param {int,long,basestring,list,tuple} value:
                    if int, long -> return [value]
                    if basestring, convert it into a list of basestrings, then
                    if list of basestring ->
                        perform a name_search on relational_model for each name
                        return the list of related ids
            """
            names = []
            if isinstance(value, basestring):
                names = [value]
            elif value and isinstance(value, (tuple, list)) and all(isinstance(item, basestring) for item in value):
                names = value
            elif isinstance(value, (int, long)):
                return [value]
            if names:
                name_get_list = [name_get[0] for name in names for name_get in relational_model.name_search(cr, uid, name, [], 'ilike', context=context, limit=limit)]
                return list(set(name_get_list))
            return list(value)

        def child_of_domain(left, ids, left_model, parent=None, prefix='', context=None):
            """ Return a domain implementing the child_of operator for [(left,child_of,ids)],
                either as a range using the parent_left/right tree lookup fields
                (when available), or as an expanded [(left,in,child_ids)] """
            if left_model._parent_store and (not left_model.pool._init):
                # TODO: Improve where joins are implemented for many with '.', replace by:
                # doms += ['&',(prefix+'.parent_left','<',o.parent_right),(prefix+'.parent_left','>=',o.parent_left)]
                doms = []
                for o in left_model.browse(cr, uid, ids, context=context):
                    if doms:
                        doms.insert(0, OR_OPERATOR)
                    doms += [AND_OPERATOR, ('parent_left', '<', o.parent_right), ('parent_left', '>=', o.parent_left)]
                if prefix:
                    return [(left, 'in', left_model.search(cr, uid, doms, context=context))]
                return doms
            else:
                def recursive_children(ids, model, parent_field):
                    if not ids:
                        return []
                    ids2 = model.search(cr, uid, [(parent_field, 'in', ids)], context=context)
                    return ids + recursive_children(ids2, model, parent_field)
                return [(left, 'in', recursive_children(ids, left_model, parent or left_model._parent_name))]

        def pop():
            """ Pop a leaf to process. """
            return self.stack.pop()

        def push(leaf):
            """ Push a leaf to be processed right after. """
            self.stack.append(leaf)

        def push_result(leaf):
            """ Push a leaf to the results. This leaf has been fully processed
                and validated. """
            self.result.append(leaf)

        self.result = []
        self.stack = [ExtendedLeaf(leaf, self.root_model) for leaf in self.expression]
        # process from right to left; expression is from left to right
        self.stack.reverse()

        while self.stack:
            # Get the next leaf to process
            leaf = pop()

            # Get working variables
            working_model = leaf.model
            if leaf.is_operator():
                left, operator, right = leaf.leaf, None, None
            elif leaf.is_true_leaf() or leaf.is_false_leaf():
                # because we consider left as a string
                left, operator, right = ('%s' % leaf.leaf[0], leaf.leaf[1], leaf.leaf[2])
            else:
                left, operator, right = leaf.leaf
            field_path = left.split('.', 1)
            field = working_model._columns.get(field_path[0])
            if field and field._obj:
                relational_model = working_model.pool[field._obj]
            else:
                relational_model = None

            # ----------------------------------------
            # SIMPLE CASE
            # 1. leaf is an operator
            # 2. leaf is a true/false leaf
            # -> add directly to result
            # ----------------------------------------

            if leaf.is_operator() or leaf.is_true_leaf() or leaf.is_false_leaf():
                push_result(leaf)

            # ----------------------------------------
            # FIELD NOT FOUND
            # -> from inherits'd fields -> work on the related model, and add
            #    a join condition
            # -> ('id', 'child_of', '..') -> use a 'to_ids'
            # -> but is one on the _log_access special fields, add directly to
            #    result
            #    TODO: make these fields explicitly available in self.columns instead!
            # -> else: crash
            # ----------------------------------------

            elif not field and field_path[0] in working_model._inherit_fields:
                # comments about inherits'd fields
                #  { 'field_name': ('parent_model', 'm2o_field_to_reach_parent',
                #                    field_column_obj, origina_parent_model), ... }
                next_model = working_model.pool[working_model._inherit_fields[field_path[0]][0]]
                leaf.add_join_context(next_model, working_model._inherits[next_model._name], 'id', working_model._inherits[next_model._name])
                push(leaf)

            elif left == 'id' and operator == 'child_of':
                ids2 = to_ids(right, working_model, context)
                dom = child_of_domain(left, ids2, working_model)
                for dom_leaf in reversed(dom):
                    new_leaf = create_substitution_leaf(leaf, dom_leaf, working_model)
                    push(new_leaf)

            elif not field and field_path[0] in MAGIC_COLUMNS:
                push_result(leaf)

            elif not field:
                raise ValueError("Invalid field %r in leaf %r" % (left, str(leaf)))

            # ----------------------------------------
            # PATH SPOTTED
            # -> many2one or one2many with _auto_join:
            #    - add a join, then jump into linked field: field.remaining on
            #      src_table is replaced by remaining on dst_table, and set for re-evaluation
            #    - if a domain is defined on the field, add it into evaluation
            #      on the relational table
            # -> many2one, many2many, one2many: replace by an equivalent computed
            #    domain, given by recursively searching on the remaining of the path
            # -> note: hack about fields.property should not be necessary anymore
            #    as after transforming the field, it will go through this loop once again
            # ----------------------------------------

            elif len(field_path) > 1 and field._type == 'many2one' and field._auto_join:
                # res_partner.state_id = res_partner__state_id.id
                leaf.add_join_context(relational_model, field_path[0], 'id', field_path[0])
                push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, (field_path[1], operator, right), relational_model))

            elif len(field_path) > 1 and field._type == 'one2many' and field._auto_join:
                # res_partner.id = res_partner__bank_ids.partner_id
                leaf.add_join_context(relational_model, 'id', field._fields_id, field_path[0])
                domain = field._domain(working_model) if callable(field._domain) else field._domain
                push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, (field_path[1], operator, right), relational_model))
                if domain:
                    domain = normalize_domain(domain)
                    for elem in reversed(domain):
                        push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, elem, relational_model))
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, AND_OPERATOR, relational_model))

            elif len(field_path) > 1 and field._auto_join:
                raise NotImplementedError('_auto_join attribute not supported on many2many field %s' % left)

            elif len(field_path) > 1 and field._type == 'many2one':
                right_ids = relational_model.search(cr, uid, [(field_path[1], operator, right)], context=context)
                leaf.leaf = (field_path[0], 'in', right_ids)
                push(leaf)

            # Making search easier when there is a left operand as field.o2m or field.m2m
            elif len(field_path) > 1 and field._type in ['many2many', 'one2many']:
                right_ids = relational_model.search(cr, uid, [(field_path[1], operator, right)], context=context)
                table_ids = working_model.search(cr, uid, [(field_path[0], 'in', right_ids)], context=dict(context, active_test=False))
                leaf.leaf = ('id', 'in', table_ids)
                push(leaf)

            # -------------------------------------------------
            # FUNCTION FIELD
            # -> not stored: error if no _fnct_search, otherwise handle the result domain
            # -> stored: management done in the remaining of parsing
            # -------------------------------------------------

            elif isinstance(field, fields.function) and not field.store and not field._fnct_search:
                # this is a function field that is not stored
                # the function field doesn't provide a search function and doesn't store
                # values in the database, so we must ignore it : we generate a dummy leaf
                leaf.leaf = TRUE_LEAF
                _logger.error(
                    "The field '%s' (%s) can not be searched: non-stored "
                    "function field without fnct_search",
                    field.string, left)
                # avoid compiling stack trace if not needed
                if _logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
                    _logger.debug(''.join(traceback.format_stack()))
                push(leaf)

            elif isinstance(field, fields.function) and not field.store:
                # this is a function field that is not stored
                fct_domain = field.search(cr, uid, working_model, left, [leaf.leaf], context=context)
                if not fct_domain:
                    leaf.leaf = TRUE_LEAF
                    push(leaf)
                else:
                    # we assume that the expression is valid
                    # we create a dummy leaf for forcing the parsing of the resulting expression
                    for domain_element in reversed(fct_domain):
                        push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, domain_element, working_model))
                    # self.push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, TRUE_LEAF, working_model))
                    # self.push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, AND_OPERATOR, working_model))

            # -------------------------------------------------
            # RELATIONAL FIELDS
            # -------------------------------------------------

            # Applying recursivity on field(one2many)
            elif field._type == 'one2many' and operator == 'child_of':
                ids2 = to_ids(right, relational_model, context)
                if field._obj != working_model._name:
                    dom = child_of_domain(left, ids2, relational_model, prefix=field._obj)
                else:
                    dom = child_of_domain('id', ids2, working_model, parent=left)
                for dom_leaf in reversed(dom):
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, dom_leaf, working_model))

            elif field._type == 'one2many':
                call_null = True

                if right is not False:
                    if isinstance(right, basestring):
                        ids2 = [x[0] for x in relational_model.name_search(cr, uid, right, [], operator, context=context, limit=None)]
                        if ids2:
                            operator = 'in'
                    else:
                        if not isinstance(right, list):
                            ids2 = [right]
                        else:
                            ids2 = right
                    if not ids2:
                        if operator in ['like', 'ilike', 'in', '=']:
                            #no result found with given search criteria
                            call_null = False
                            push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, FALSE_LEAF, working_model))
                    else:
                        ids2 = select_from_where(cr, field._fields_id, relational_model._table, 'id', ids2, operator)
                        if ids2:
                            call_null = False
                            o2m_op = 'not in' if operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS else 'in'
                            push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', o2m_op, ids2), working_model))

                if call_null:
                    o2m_op = 'in' if operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS else 'not in'
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', o2m_op, select_distinct_from_where_not_null(cr, field._fields_id, relational_model._table)), working_model))

            elif field._type == 'many2many':
                rel_table, rel_id1, rel_id2 = field._sql_names(working_model)
                #FIXME
                if operator == 'child_of':
                    def _rec_convert(ids):
                        if relational_model == working_model:
                            return ids
                        return select_from_where(cr, rel_id1, rel_table, rel_id2, ids, operator)

                    ids2 = to_ids(right, relational_model, context)
                    dom = child_of_domain('id', ids2, relational_model)
                    ids2 = relational_model.search(cr, uid, dom, context=context)
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', 'in', _rec_convert(ids2)), working_model))
                else:
                    call_null_m2m = True
                    if right is not False:
                        if isinstance(right, basestring):
                            res_ids = [x[0] for x in relational_model.name_search(cr, uid, right, [], operator, context=context)]
                            if res_ids:
                                operator = 'in'
                        else:
                            if not isinstance(right, list):
                                res_ids = [right]
                            else:
                                res_ids = right
                        if not res_ids:
                            if operator in ['like', 'ilike', 'in', '=']:
                                #no result found with given search criteria
                                call_null_m2m = False
                                push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, FALSE_LEAF, working_model))
                            else:
                                operator = 'in'  # operator changed because ids are directly related to main object
                        else:
                            call_null_m2m = False
                            m2m_op = 'not in' if operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS else 'in'
                            push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', m2m_op, select_from_where(cr, rel_id1, rel_table, rel_id2, res_ids, operator) or [0]), working_model))

                    if call_null_m2m:
                        m2m_op = 'in' if operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS else 'not in'
                        push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', m2m_op, select_distinct_from_where_not_null(cr, rel_id1, rel_table)), working_model))

            elif field._type == 'many2one':
                if operator == 'child_of':
                    ids2 = to_ids(right, relational_model, context)
                    if field._obj != working_model._name:
                        dom = child_of_domain(left, ids2, relational_model, prefix=field._obj)
                    else:
                        dom = child_of_domain('id', ids2, working_model, parent=left)
                    for dom_leaf in reversed(dom):
                        push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, dom_leaf, working_model))
                else:
                    def _get_expression(relational_model, cr, uid, left, right, operator, context=None):
                        if context is None:
                            context = {}
                        c = context.copy()
                        c['active_test'] = False
                        #Special treatment to ill-formed domains
                        operator = (operator in ['<', '>', '<=', '>=']) and 'in' or operator

                        dict_op = {'not in': '!=', 'in': '=', '=': 'in', '!=': 'not in'}
                        if isinstance(right, tuple):
                            right = list(right)
                        if (not isinstance(right, list)) and operator in ['not in', 'in']:
                            operator = dict_op[operator]
                        elif isinstance(right, list) and operator in ['!=', '=']:  # for domain (FIELD,'=',['value1','value2'])
                            operator = dict_op[operator]
                        res_ids = [x[0] for x in relational_model.name_search(cr, uid, right, [], operator, limit=None, context=c)]
                        if operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS:
                            res_ids.append(False)  # TODO this should not be appended if False was in 'right'
                        return left, 'in', res_ids
                    # resolve string-based m2o criterion into IDs
                    if isinstance(right, basestring) or \
                            right and isinstance(right, (tuple, list)) and all(isinstance(item, basestring) for item in right):
                        push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, _get_expression(relational_model, cr, uid, left, right, operator, context=context), working_model))
                    else:
                        # right == [] or right == False and all other cases are handled by __leaf_to_sql()
                        push_result(leaf)

            # -------------------------------------------------
            # OTHER FIELDS
            # -> datetime fields: manage time part of the datetime
            #    field when it is not there
            # -> manage translatable fields
            # -------------------------------------------------

            else:
                if field._type == 'datetime' and right and len(right) == 10:
                    if operator in ('>', '<='):
                        right += ' 23:59:59'
                    else:
                        right += ' 00:00:00'
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, (left, operator, right), working_model))

                elif field.translate and right:
                    need_wildcard = operator in ('like', 'ilike', 'not like', 'not ilike')
                    sql_operator = {'=like': 'like', '=ilike': 'ilike'}.get(operator, operator)
                    if need_wildcard:
                        right = '%%%s%%' % right

                    inselect_operator = 'inselect'
                    if sql_operator in NEGATIVE_TERM_OPERATORS:
                        # negate operator (fix lp:1071710)
                        sql_operator = sql_operator[4:] if sql_operator[:3] == 'not' else '='
                        inselect_operator = 'not inselect'

                    unaccent = self._unaccent if sql_operator.endswith('like') else lambda x: x

                    trans_left = unaccent('value')
                    quote_left = unaccent(_quote(left))
                    instr = unaccent('%s')

                    if sql_operator == 'in':
                        # params will be flatten by to_sql() => expand the placeholders
                        instr = '(%s)' % ', '.join(['%s'] * len(right))

                    subselect = """(SELECT res_id
                                      FROM ir_translation
                                     WHERE name = %s
                                       AND lang = %s
                                       AND type = %s
                                       AND {trans_left} {operator} {right}
                                   ) UNION (
                                    SELECT id
                                      FROM "{table}"
                                     WHERE {left} {operator} {right}
                                   )
                                """.format(trans_left=trans_left, operator=sql_operator,
                                           right=instr, table=working_model._table, left=quote_left)

                    params = (
                        working_model._name + ',' + left,
                        context.get('lang') or 'en_US',
                        'model',
                        right,
                        right,
                    )
                    push(create_substitution_leaf(leaf, ('id', inselect_operator, (subselect, params)), working_model))

                else:
                    push_result(leaf)

        # ----------------------------------------
        # END OF PARSING FULL DOMAIN
        # -> generate joins
        # ----------------------------------------

        joins = set()
        for leaf in self.result:
            joins |= set(leaf.get_join_conditions())
        self.joins = list(joins)

    def __leaf_to_sql(self, eleaf):
        model = eleaf.model
        leaf = eleaf.leaf
        left, operator, right = leaf

        # final sanity checks - should never fail
        assert operator in (TERM_OPERATORS + ('inselect', 'not inselect')), \
            "Invalid operator %r in domain term %r" % (operator, leaf)
        assert leaf in (TRUE_LEAF, FALSE_LEAF) or left in model._all_columns \
            or left in MAGIC_COLUMNS, "Invalid field %r in domain term %r" % (left, leaf)

        table_alias = '"%s"' % (eleaf.generate_alias())

        if leaf == TRUE_LEAF:
            query = 'TRUE'
            params = []

        elif leaf == FALSE_LEAF:
            query = 'FALSE'
            params = []

        elif operator == 'inselect':
            query = '(%s."%s" in (%s))' % (table_alias, left, right[0])
            params = right[1]

        elif operator == 'not inselect':
            query = '(%s."%s" not in (%s))' % (table_alias, left, right[0])
            params = right[1]

        elif operator in ['in', 'not in']:
            # Two cases: right is a boolean or a list. The boolean case is an
            # abuse and handled for backward compatibility.
            if isinstance(right, bool):
                _logger.warning("The domain term '%s' should use the '=' or '!=' operator." % (leaf,))
                if operator == 'in':
                    r = 'NOT NULL' if right else 'NULL'
                else:
                    r = 'NULL' if right else 'NOT NULL'
                query = '(%s."%s" IS %s)' % (table_alias, left, r)
                params = []
            elif isinstance(right, (list, tuple)):
                params = list(right)
                check_nulls = False
                for i in range(len(params))[::-1]:
                    if params[i] == False:
                        check_nulls = True
                        del params[i]

                if params:
                    if left == 'id':
                        instr = ','.join(['%s'] * len(params))
                    else:
                        ss = model._columns[left]._symbol_set
                        instr = ','.join([ss[0]] * len(params))
                        params = map(ss[1], params)
                    query = '(%s."%s" %s (%s))' % (table_alias, left, operator, instr)
                else:
                    # The case for (left, 'in', []) or (left, 'not in', []).
                    query = 'FALSE' if operator == 'in' else 'TRUE'

                if check_nulls and operator == 'in':
                    query = '(%s OR %s."%s" IS NULL)' % (query, table_alias, left)
                elif not check_nulls and operator == 'not in':
                    query = '(%s OR %s."%s" IS NULL)' % (query, table_alias, left)
                elif check_nulls and operator == 'not in':
                    query = '(%s AND %s."%s" IS NOT NULL)' % (query, table_alias, left)  # needed only for TRUE.
            else:  # Must not happen
                raise ValueError("Invalid domain term %r" % (leaf,))

        elif right == False and (left in model._columns) and model._columns[left]._type == "boolean" and (operator == '='):
            query = '(%s."%s" IS NULL or %s."%s" = false )' % (table_alias, left, table_alias, left)
            params = []

        elif (right is False or right is None) and (operator == '='):
            query = '%s."%s" IS NULL ' % (table_alias, left)
            params = []

        elif right == False and (left in model._columns) and model._columns[left]._type == "boolean" and (operator == '!='):
            query = '(%s."%s" IS NOT NULL and %s."%s" != false)' % (table_alias, left, table_alias, left)
            params = []

        elif (right is False or right is None) and (operator == '!='):
            query = '%s."%s" IS NOT NULL' % (table_alias, left)
            params = []

        elif operator == '=?':
            if right is False or right is None:
                # '=?' is a short-circuit that makes the term TRUE if right is None or False
                query = 'TRUE'
                params = []
            else:
                # '=?' behaves like '=' in other cases
                query, params = self.__leaf_to_sql(
                    create_substitution_leaf(eleaf, (left, '=', right), model))

        elif left == 'id':
            query = '%s.id %s %%s' % (table_alias, operator)
            params = right

        else:
            need_wildcard = operator in ('like', 'ilike', 'not like', 'not ilike')
            sql_operator = {'=like': 'like', '=ilike': 'ilike'}.get(operator, operator)
            cast = '::text' if  sql_operator.endswith('like') else ''

            if left in model._columns:
                format = need_wildcard and '%s' or model._columns[left]._symbol_set[0]
                unaccent = self._unaccent if sql_operator.endswith('like') else lambda x: x
                column = '%s.%s' % (table_alias, _quote(left))
                query = '(%s%s %s %s)' % (unaccent(column), cast, sql_operator, unaccent(format))
            elif left in MAGIC_COLUMNS:
                    query = "(%s.\"%s\"%s %s %%s)" % (table_alias, left, cast, sql_operator)
                    params = right
            else:  # Must not happen
                raise ValueError("Invalid field %r in domain term %r" % (left, leaf))

            add_null = False
            if need_wildcard:
                if isinstance(right, str):
                    str_utf8 = right
                elif isinstance(right, unicode):
                    str_utf8 = right.encode('utf-8')
                else:
                    str_utf8 = str(right)
                params = '%%%s%%' % str_utf8
                add_null = not str_utf8
            elif left in model._columns:
                params = model._columns[left]._symbol_set[1](right)

            if add_null:
                query = '(%s OR %s."%s" IS NULL)' % (query, table_alias, left)

        if isinstance(params, basestring):
            params = [params]
        return query, params

    def to_sql(self):
        stack = []
        params = []
        # Process the domain from right to left, using a stack, to generate a SQL expression.
        self.result.reverse()
        for leaf in self.result:
            if leaf.is_leaf(internal=True):
                q, p = self.__leaf_to_sql(leaf)
                params.insert(0, p)
                stack.append(q)
            elif leaf.leaf == NOT_OPERATOR:
                stack.append('(NOT (%s))' % (stack.pop(),))
            else:
                ops = {AND_OPERATOR: ' AND ', OR_OPERATOR: ' OR '}
                q1 = stack.pop()
                q2 = stack.pop()
                stack.append('(%s %s %s)' % (q1, ops[leaf.leaf], q2,))

        assert len(stack) == 1
        query = stack[0]
        joins = ' AND '.join(self.joins)
        if joins:
            query = '(%s) AND %s' % (joins, query)

        return query, tools.flatten(params)

# vim:expandtab:smartindent:tabstop=4:softtabstop=4:shiftwidth=4: