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\mainpage Networking and TCP/IP Stack for HelenOS system
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\section introduction Introduction
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For the microkernel HelenOS a completely new networking stack was designed.
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The networking stack was intended to implement current basic standards of the TCP/IP Stack.
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Only the minimalistic functionality allowing the stack to function was to be implemented.
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The networking stack is written in C.
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<li>\ref software</li>
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\page build Build from sources
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To compile the HelenOS from sources (the cross compilers from the <code>build/</code> directory are recommended):
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<li>change the working directory to the HelenOS source directory</li>
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<li>run <code># make config</code></li>
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<li>check/change the configuration</li>
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<li>save and exit the configuration tool</li>
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<li>run <code># make</code></li>
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The <code>image.iso</code> should be created on success.
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\page running Running the HelenOS with networking
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\section netstart Starting the networking
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After starting the HelenOS boot image in <em>Qemu</em>, the command line appears.
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To run <em>Qemu</em> a script <code>contrib/conf/qemu.sh</code> for Linux or <code>contrib/conf/qemu.bat</code> for Windows in the HelenOS source directory can be used.
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The provided scripts set the needed arguments:
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<br><code>-vga std -M isapc -net nic,model=ne2k_isa -net user -redir udp:8080::8080 -redir udp:8081::8081 -boot d -cdrom image.iso</code><br>
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Additional arguments may be specified on the command line, they override these set.
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The networking stack is started and initialized by running a command
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<br><code># netstart</code><br>
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The networking stack is then started and configured network interfaces are enabled.
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The current configuration is printed out.
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Since that networking applications can be run using the command line as well.
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\section network Qemu network
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In the common mode <em>Qemu</em> creates a simple network with a gateway and settles the guest system in.
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The network is 10.0.2.*, the gateway's address 10.0.2.2 and the guest system has 10.0.2.15.
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%Even this simple setting was a bit hard to find in the documentation.
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Therefore a static configuration is possible and no additional DHCP nor BOOTP implementations are necessary.
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On the other hand the guest system is behind a firewall.
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<em>Qemu</em> may be configured to forward some ports to the guest system and allows all outgoing traffic except ICMP and ARP protocols, so you can ping only the gateway.
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\section applications Applications
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A few networking applications are located in the app/ directory.
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Common functions for parsing command line arguments and printing textual networking error messages are located in that directory as well.
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The networking applications should be built with the libsocket library located in the socket/libsocket.a file.
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They can use functions and definitions from the include/socket.h header file which contains socket API and further includes:
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<li>include/byteorder.h containing byte order manipulation,</li>
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<li>include/in.h containing IPv4 socket address structure,</li>
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<li>include/in6.h containing IPv6 socket address structure,</li>
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<li>include/inet.h containing socket address structure and parsing functions,</li>
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<li>include/socket codes.h containing address and protocol families and socket types and option levels, and</li>
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<li>include/socket errno.h containing socket and general error codes.</li>
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\page software Software prerequisites
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The networking and TCP/IP stack is implemented for the ia32 architecture on top of HelenOS 0.4.1 (Escalopino), the most current stable release of HelenOS.
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So far the only one operational network interface supported is in Qemu 0.10.2 and newer.
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To run <em>Qemu</em> a script contrib/conf/qemu.sh for Linux or contrib/conf/qemu.bat for Windows in the HelenOS source directory can be used.
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The qemu and its libraries have to be installed and in the path.
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These scripts set all the necessary parameters
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with some ports redirected from the local host to the guest system.
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For testing purposes at least a low level communication application is recommended, N.E.T., netcat etc.
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In order to build HelenOS and the networking stack from sources a few tools are
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<li>binutils in version 2.19.1,</li>
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<li>gcc–core in version 4.3.3 11,</li>
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<li>gcc–objc in version 4.3.3, and</li>
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<li>gcc–g++ in version 4.3.3.</li>
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All these can be downloaded and installed as cross–compilers on Linux using a script contrib/toolchain.sh in the HelenOS source directory.
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In addition rats, a static source code analyzer, and Doxygen, a documentation generator, were used.
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All development was tracked in the HelenOS subversion repository.
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<li>HelenOS website: <a href="http://www.helenos.org/" title="HelenOS website">http://www.helenos.org/</a></li>
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<li><em>Qemu</em> website: <a href="http://www.qemu.org/" title="Qemu website">http://www.qemu.org/</a></li>
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<li><em>binutils</em> website: <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/" title="binutils website">http://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/</a></li>
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<li><em>GCC</em> website: <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/" title="GCC website">http://gcc.gnu.org/</a></li>
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<li><em>RATS</em> website: <a href="http://www.fortify.com/security-resources/rats.jsp" title="RATS website">http://www.fortify.com/security-resources/rats.jsp</a></li>
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<li><em>Doxygen</em> website: <a href="http://www.stack.nl/ dimitri/doxygen/index.html" title="Doxygen website">http://www.stack.nl/ dimitri/doxygen/index.html</a></li>
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<li><em>Subversion</em> website: <a href="http://subversion.tigris.org/" title="Subversion website">http://subversion.tigris.org/</a></li>
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\page testing Testing scenarios
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The scenarios contain the following shortcuts:
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<li>g for the quest system, HelenOS in <em>Qemu</em></li>
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<li>h for the host system</li>
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<li>n for the <em>NET</em> application</li>
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<li>e for echo echo application run in HelenOS</li>
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\section scenarios Testing scenarios
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<li>h wine net.exe (->n) (or net.exe)</li>
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<li>n set 127.0.0.1:8080 address and port, BuiltinUDP protocol</li>
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<li>n send some data (an ARP will be generated and the original packet gets lost)</li>
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<li>n send some data (the port is unreachable and the packet is discarded)</li>
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<li>g #echo -p 8080 -c 3 -v (->e)</li>
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<li>g prints Listening</li>
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<li>n send some data</li>
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<li>e prints received data</li>
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<li>h prints reply</li>
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<li>n click disconnect</li>
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<li>n set :8081 port</li>
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<li>n send some data</li>
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<li>n click disconnect</li>
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<li>n set :8080 port</li>
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<li>n send some data</li>
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<li>e prints received data</li>
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<li>h prints reply</li>
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<li>e prints Exiting</li>
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<li>n send some data (the port is unreachable and the packet is discarded)</li>
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<li>ICMP echo to 10.0.2.2
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<li>g #ping 10.0.2.2 (->p)</li>
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<li>g prints ARP request for 10.0.2.2</li>
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<li>g prints ARP reply from 10.0.2.2</li>
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<li>p prints timeouted</li>
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<li>p prints round trip time</li>
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<li>p prints round trip time</li>
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<li>ICMP echo to 127.0.0.1
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<li>g #ping 127.0.0.1 (->p)</li>
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<li>p prints round trip time</li>
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<li>p prints round trip time</li>
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<li>p prints round trip time</li>
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<li>ICMP with no internet on the host system (!)
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<li>g #ping 123.123.123.3 (->p)</li>
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<li>g prints ARP request for 10.0.2.2</li>
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<li>g prints ARP reply from 10.0.2.2</li>
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<li>p prints timeouted</li>
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<li>p prints destination unreachable</li>
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<li>p prints destination unreachable</li>
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removed
uspace/srv/net/documentation.txt
