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<sect3 arch="i386">
<title>USB stick partitioning on &arch-title;</title>
<para>
We will show how to setup the memory stick to use the first partition,
instead of the entire device.
</para><note><para>
Since most USB sticks come pre-configured with a single FAT16
partition, you probably won't have to repartition or reformat the
stick. If you have to do that anyway, use <command>cfdisk</command>
or any other partitioning tool for creating a FAT16 partition and then
create the filesystem using:
<informalexample><screen>
# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>
</screen></informalexample>
Take care that you use the correct device name for your USB stick. The
<command>mkdosfs</command> command is contained in the
<classname>dosfstools</classname> Debian package.
</para></note><para>
In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will
put a boot loader on the stick. Although any boot loader
(e.g. <command>LILO</command>) should work, it's convenient to use
<command>SYSLINUX</command>, since it uses a FAT16 partition and can
be reconfigured by just editing a text file. Any operating system
which supports the FAT file system can be used to make changes to the
configuration of the boot loader.
</para><para>
To put <command>SYSLINUX</command> on the FAT16 partition on your USB
stick, install the <classname>syslinux</classname> and
<classname>mtools</classname> packages on your system, and do:
<informalexample><screen>
# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>
</screen></informalexample>
Again, take care that you use the correct device name. The partition
must not be mounted when starting <command>SYSLINUX</command>. This
procedure writes a boot sector to the partition and creates the file
<filename>ldlinux.sys</filename> which contains the boot loader code.
</para><para>
Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt</userinput>) and
copy the following files from the Debian archives to the stick:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
<filename>vmlinuz</filename> (kernel binary)
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk image)
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> (SYSLINUX configuration file)
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Optional kernel modules
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
If you want to rename the files, please note that
<command>SYSLINUX</command> can only process DOS (8.3) file names.
</para><para>
The <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> configuration file should
contain the following two lines:
<informalexample><screen>
default vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.gz ramdisk_size=12000 root=/dev/rd/0 init=/linuxrc rw
</screen></informalexample>
Please note that the <userinput>ramdisk_size</userinput> parameter
may need to be increased, depending on the image you are booting.
<phrase condition="sarge">
If the boot fails, you can try adding <userinput>devfs=mount,dall</userinput>
to the <quote>append</quote> line.
</phrase>
</para>
</sect3>
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