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                                <listitem><para>Play, edit and organize music and video files.</para></listitem>
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                        </itemizedlist>
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                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">All the topics in this lesson do not hold same relevance. It is advisable to cover all the topics during the training. However, if you fall short of time then cover only the following topics:</emphasis></para>
 
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">It is recommended to cover all the topics in this lesson. However,if you fall short of time then cover only the following topics:</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Legal Restrictions</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Playing Music Files</emphasis></para>
 
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Playing Audio Files</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Using an iPod</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Using DVDs</emphasis></para>
 
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Viewing DVDs</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Playing Online Media</emphasis></para>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Rest of the topics in this lesson are optional.</emphasis></para>
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                </instructornote>
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                </para>
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Legal Restrictions</title>
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                        <para>Ubuntu fully supports playback of music and video formats available in
 
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                        <para>Ubuntu fully supports playback of music, videos and DVDs available in
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                        free and unrestricted formats. A number of multimedia formats are
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                        encumbered in some jurisdictions by licenses and software patents. 
 
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                        restricted by licenses and software patents in some jurisdictions. 
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                        Ubuntu does not offer out-of-the-box support for these formats.
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                        It is possible to enable playing the proprietary
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                        formats in Ubuntu, you must do so after considering the patent and copyright
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                </sect1>
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Playing Music Files</title>
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                        <para>Ubuntu comes with the Rhythmbox Music Player to let you play and organise your
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                        music files. Similar to iTunes in its interface, this music player is a free software
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                        application designed to work in the Gnome desktop environment. Using Rhythmbox, you
 
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                        <para>Ubuntu comes with the Rhythmbox Music Player to play and organise music files. Similar to
 
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                        iTunes in its interface, this music player is a free software application designed to work in the GNOME desktop environment. Using Rhythmbox, you
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                        can play your music files, listen to Internet radio, import music from CDs and
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                        organise your music files. Rhythmbox offers comprehensive audio support for a large
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                        number of audio formats and contains various useful features that make playing music
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                        a pleasant experience for you.</para>
 
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                        easy and enjoyable.</para>
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                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                        <para><emphasis role="italic">You must demonstrate and let the students play fully with at least 1 music, 1 DVD playback and 1 audio recording.</emphasis></para></instructornote>
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                        <sect2>
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                                                                <title>Nice to Know:</title>
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                                                                <para>While importing music files from your music collection,
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                                                                Rhythmbox also imports the metadata tags associated with the
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                                                                files. These tags are used by Rhythmbox to parse the music files
 
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                                                                files. These tags are used by Rhythmbox to categorise the music files
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                                                                by genre, artist, album, title, and track number.</para>
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                                                        </tip>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>The selected music files are imported into the library and are
 
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                                                        <para>The selected music files are imported into the library and 
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                                                        displayed in the the Rhythmbox window. You will notice that the main
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                                                        Rhythmbox window is split into various panes. Each pane displays
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                                                        different details about your music collection. To play music from the
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                                                        For example, activating <emphasis role="strong">Magnatune Store
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                                                        </emphasis> plugin enables iTunes-style song previews and paid
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                                                        downloads. Activating <emphasis role="strong">Visualization
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                                                        </emphasis> enables you to view pretty squigglies on the screen while
 
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                                                        </emphasis> enables you to view 'squigglies' on the screen while
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                                                        you listen to a song track. Similarly, if you want to automatically
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                                                        retrieve the lyrics of the song being played, activate
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Song Lyrics</emphasis> by selecting the
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>Amazingly, the Rhythmbox retrieves the song lyrics for you.
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                                                        Now, you can hum along while listening to your favourite song.
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                                                        (Have to get this image cropped)</para>
 
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                                                        Now, you can hum along while listening to your favourite song.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">The Song Lyrics Retrieved</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_010.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>You can view nice animations while playing a song.</para>
 
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                                                        <para>You can view animations while playing a song.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Animations</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_012.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                                source.</para>
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                                                        </note>
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                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about podcasts, you can ask them to visit the following URL: <ulink url='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
 
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about podcasts, advise them to visit the following URL: <ulink url='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>Enter the podcast feed URL in the <emphasis role="strong">New
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Ask the students to visit the following URL to know more about Internet radio: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_radio">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet radio</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
 
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Advise students to visit the following URL to know more about Internet radio: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_radio">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet radio</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>You can also add a new radio station to the existing list by
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Playing and Extracting Audio CDs</title>
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                        <para>Sound Juicer is the default application available in Ubuntu for playing and
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                        extracting audio compact disks (CDs). It is an easy-to-use CD player and ripping tool
 
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                        extracting audio compact discs (CDs). It is an easy-to-use CD player and ripping tool
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                        that requires minimal user intervention in playing and extracting audio CDs. Using
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                        Sound Juicer, you can play audio tracks directly from the CD and extract audio tracks
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                        and convert them into audio files. Sound Juicer allows you to extract audio files
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                                <itemizedlist>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>Ogg Vorbis: Ogg vorbis is a free, unpatented and open source alternative to
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                                                the proprietary MP3 format. As MP3 it is a lossy audio compression format. </para>
 
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                                                the proprietary MP3 format. Similarly to MP3, it is a lossy audio compression format.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>FLAC: FLAC stands for Free Lossless Audio Codec. It is also an
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                                                unpatented, open source and non-proprietary audio format. Though FLAC
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                                                is quite similar to the MP3 format, but it is lossless. This means that
 
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                                                is quite similar to the MP3 format, it is considered 'lossless'. This means that
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                                                in FLAC, audio is compressed without any loss in sound quality.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>WAV: WAV is short for Waveform audio format. This format is
 
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                                                <para>WAV: WAV is short for Waveform Audio Format. This format is
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                                                typically used for voice recordings. Sound Juicer uses this format
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                                                for low quality mono audio files.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>The Sound Juicer main interface is displayed. When Sound
 
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                                                        <para>The Sound Juicer's main interface is displayed. When Sound
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                                                        Juicer detects a CD, it examines the CD and tries to search the
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                                                        Internet to locate information about the CD's content. If you
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                                                        are connected to the Internet, Sound Juicer will retrieve the CD
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                                                        artist, title, and track data from MusicBrainz.org.</para>
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                                                        <para>Notice that Sound Juicer has fetched the tracks' information
 
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                                                        <para>Notice that Sound Juicer has fetched the track information
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                                                        from MusicBrainz.org. In the upper part of the Sound Juicer window,
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                                                        you can see the basic information about the disk, including title,
 
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                                                        you can see the basic information about the disc, including title,
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                                                        artist, genre and total duration. The lower part of the window
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                                                        displays a list of tracks, each with its full title, artist and
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                                                        duration.</para>
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                        <sect2>
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                                <title>Extracting Audio CDs</title>
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                                <para>If you want to listen to your favourite music tracks without needing to
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                                insert a CD every time, you can create a copy of the CD by extracting the music
 
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                                insert a CD every time, you can create a copy of the CD and extract the music
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                                tracks on your computer. To extract the audio CD:
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                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                                                <listitem>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>The <emphasis role="strong">Serpentine Window</emphasis> displays
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                                                the disk usage of the inserted disk graphically as well as in words. You
 
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                                                the disc usage of the inserted disc graphically as well as in words. You
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                                                can now click the <emphasis role="strong">Add</emphasis> button to start
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                                                adding the tracks that you want to be copied to the disk. However, if you
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                                                want to change the default configuration settings for Serpentine before
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>You can use the <emphasis role="strong">Serpentine Preferences
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                                                </emphasis> window to specify the writing speed for burning Cd and to
 
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                                                </emphasis> window to specify the writing speed for burning CD and to
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                                                define some writing options such as whether to insert two seconds gap
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                                                between two tracks or to eject the CD after recording is complete. After
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                                                defining your preferences, click <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis>
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                                                <para>Now you need to specify the files that you want to be copied on
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                                                the inserted CD. To start specifying the desired audio files, click
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Add</emphasis>. This opens a browser window.
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                                                1.In the browser window, navigate to the desired folder and click
 
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                                                In the browser window, navigate to the desired folder and click
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Open</emphasis> to display its contents.</para>
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                                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Specifying Audio Files to Copy</emphasis></title>
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                                                        <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>The selected files now appear in the Serpentine window. You can
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                                                also view the estimated disk usage once these files are written to the
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                                                disk. Based on this data, you may decide to add or delete some files
 
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                                                also view the estimated disc usage once these files are written to the
 
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                                                disc. Based on this data, you may decide to add or delete some files
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                                                from your current selection. Once you are sure of the files to be copied
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                                                to the disk, click the <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disc</emphasis>
 
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                                                to the disc, click the <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disc</emphasis>
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                                                button to start writing the audio files from your computer to the
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                                                CD.</para>
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                                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Writing Audio Files to Disc</emphasis></title>
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                                                </figure>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>You are asked to confirm your decision to record a media disk.
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                                                Click <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disk</emphasis> to continue.</para>
 
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                                                <para>You are asked to confirm your decision to record a media disc.
 
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                                                Click <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disc</emphasis> to continue.</para>
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                                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Confirming the CD Writing</emphasis></title>
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                                                        <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_038.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                </figure>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>Serpentine now starts writing the music files to the media disk.
 
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                                                <para>Serpentine now starts writing the music files to the media disc.
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                                                You can view the progress of the process in the <emphasis role="strong">
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                                                Writing Audio Disk</emphasis> dialogue box. This process may take some
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                                                time depending on the size of the files to be written to disk. Once the
 
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                                                Writing Audio Disc</emphasis> dialogue box. This process may take some
 
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                                                time depending on the size of the files to be written to disc. Once the
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                                                process is complete, you get a new Cd containing all your favourite
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                                                songs.</para>
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                                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Writing Audio CD</emphasis></title>
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Playing Proprietary Multimedia Formats</title>
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                        <para>As previously stated, due to the legal restrictions associated with the use of
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                        proprietary formats, by default, Ubuntu does not offer support for such formats. If
 
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                        proprietary formats, Ubuntu does not offer support for such formats by default. If
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                        you wish to play such proprietary formats, you will need to install additional
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                        multimedia codecs. A multimedia codec is a small piece of software that allows you to
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                        watch videos or listen to music of a specific format. Although Ubuntu includes many
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                        codecs by default, you may need to install more because there are many different
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                        multimedia formats.</para>
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                        <para>In Ubuntu playback of multimedia files is provided by the Gstreamer multimedia framework.
 
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                        multimedia formats and it is unrealistic to provide them all.</para>
 
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                        <para>Playing back multimedia files in Ubuntu is handled by the Gstreamer multimedia framework.
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                        A format can be played on a system in general, if Gstreamer supports it. Hence no matter which
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                        media player you prefer, support for a particular format is installed through a plugin to
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                        Gstreamer. Typical plugins are:
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                        <para>Codecs can be installed directly from the Movie Player. When Movie Player recognizes a format it
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                        cannot play, it checks if a Gstreamer plugin is available for this format. If it finds one, you can install
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                        the codec easily without following the lengthy solution presented below.</para></tip>
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                        <para>to Install a codec plugin using Synaptic Package Manager:
 
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                        <para>To install a codec plugin using Synaptic Package Manager:
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                                <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu, point to
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                                                Ubuntu software sources, you can download and install the required
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                                                multimedia codecs. To install a software package, you need to first
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                                                locate the package in the Synaptic Package Manager window. You can
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                                                either search for a specific software package manually or can run a
 
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                                                either search for a specific software package manually or run a
780
777
                                                search using the search utility provided in the Synaptic Package Manager.
781
778
                                                To initiate a search for a specific package, click
782
779
                                                <emphasis role="strong">Search.</emphasis>
847
844
                </sect1>
848
845
                <sect1>
849
846
                        <title>Using an iPod</title>
850
 
                        <para>The ipod is a popular portable media player, designed and marketed by
 
847
                        <para>The iPod is a popular portable media player, designed and marketed by
851
848
                        Apple.  You can play music in MP3 and AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) audio file
852
 
                        formats and also enables you to store up to ten thousand songs on the
853
 
                        device itself. The ipod does not support free multimedia formats.</para>
 
849
                        formats and store up to ten thousand songs on the device itself. The iPod does not support free multimedia formats.</para>
854
850
                        <sect2>
855
851
                                <title>Playing Music Using iPod</title>
856
 
                                <para>To play music using ipod:
 
852
                                <para>To play music using iPod:
857
853
                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
858
854
                                                <listitem>
859
 
                                                        <para>Plug your ipod into one of your computer's USB ports.
 
855
                                                        <para>Plug your iPod into one of your computer's USB ports.
860
856
                                                        Ubuntu automatically mounts it and places it as an icon on
861
 
                                                        your desktop. Simultaneously, the ipod device opens in the
 
857
                                                        your desktop. Simultaneously, the iPod device opens in the
862
858
                                                        Rhythmbox Music Player window. You can view all the files
863
 
                                                        loaded on your ipod device in the lower right pane of the
864
 
                                                        Rhythmbox window. To play a music track from your ipod,
 
859
                                                        loaded on your iPod device in the lower right pane of the
 
860
                                                        Rhythmbox window. To play a music track from your iPod,
865
861
                                                        just select the track from the list and click the <emphasis role="strong">Play</emphasis> button.</para>
866
862
                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Plugging in an iPod</emphasis></title>
867
863
                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
873
869
                                                        <para>The song starts playing in the Rhythmbox Music
874
870
                                                        Player. However, if the format of the music file is not supported
875
871
                                                        by the Rhythmbox Music Player, you may not be able to play
876
 
                                                        the file. Instead, you may receive an error message when you
877
 
                                                        try to play the file. In this case, you will need to follow the
 
872
                                                        the file and you will receive an error message. In this case, you will need to follow the
878
873
                                                        procedure described in the previous section to download all
879
874
                                                        the necessary software codecs from the Ubuntu repositories.</para>
880
875
                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Playing Music from iPod</emphasis></title>
885
880
                                                </listitem>
886
881
                                                <listitem>
887
882
                                                        <para>Ubuntu also allows you to transfer music files to and
888
 
                                                        from the ipod device. However, this is not possible using
 
883
                                                        from the iPod device. However, this is not possible using
889
884
                                                        Rhythmbox. You will need to install the
890
885
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">gtkpod</emphasis> software to be able to transfer
891
 
                                                        music file between your computer and the ipod device. You
 
886
                                                        music file between your computer and the iPod device. You
892
887
                                                        can easily download this software from the Universe repository using
893
888
                                                        the Synaptic Package Manager.</para>
894
889
                                                        <para>To access gtkpod, after it is successfully installed on
903
898
                                                        </figure>
904
899
                                                </listitem>
905
900
                                                <listitem>
906
 
                                                        <para>You can view all the music files stored on the ipod
 
901
                                                        <para>You can view all the music files stored on the iPod
907
902
                                                        device in this gtkpod window. Notice that in the gtkpod
908
903
                                                        interface, your music files have automatically been
909
904
                                                        categorised based on artists, album and genre. This
910
905
                                                        categorisation helps you quickly browse through your
911
 
                                                        collection and reach to your desired selection.</para>
 
906
                                                        collection and select.</para>
912
907
                                                        <para>You can use the gtkpod interface to manage the files
913
 
                                                        on your ipod in multiple ways. You can create and edit
 
908
                                                        on your iPod in multiple ways. You can create and edit
914
909
                                                        playlists, normalize the volume on single tracks or multiple
915
910
                                                        tracks at a time. You can also use the gtkpod interface to
916
 
                                                        add more files in your ipod or transfer files from your ipod onto
917
 
                                                        your computer. To add files from your computer to your ipod
 
911
                                                        add more files in your iPod or transfer files from your iPod onto
 
912
                                                        your computer. To add files from your computer to your iPod
918
913
                                                        device, click <emphasis role="strong">Files</emphasis>.
919
914
                                                        This displays the <emphasis role="strong">Add Files to
920
915
                                                        'device name'</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>
927
922
                                                <listitem>
928
923
                                                        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Add Files to 'device
929
924
                                                        name'</emphasis> dialogue box, navigate down to the folder
930
 
                                                        from which you want to add the files to your ipod. Depending
 
925
                                                        from which you want to add the files to your iPod. Depending
931
926
                                                        on your preferences you may either add a single file at a time
932
 
                                                        or may choose to add an entire directory. Select the tracks
933
 
                                                        that you want added and click <emphasis role="strong">
 
927
                                                        or an entire directory. Select the tracks that you want added and click <emphasis role="strong">
934
928
                                                        Open.</emphasis>
935
929
                                                        </para>
936
930
                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting the Files to Transfer</emphasis></title>
940
934
                                                        </figure>
941
935
                                                </listitem>
942
936
                                                <listitem>
943
 
                                                        <para>Gtkpod starts adding the files to your ipod. When the
 
937
                                                        <para>Gtkpod starts adding the files to your iPod. When the
944
938
                                                        process is complete a message " Successfully added files"
945
939
                                                        is quickly flashed at the bottom of the gtkpod window. You
946
940
                                                        can also view the recently added files in the bottom pane of
947
941
                                                        the gtkpod window.</para>
948
942
                                                        <para>You can repeat the aforementioned steps to add more
949
943
                                                        files from different folders. After you have added all the
950
 
                                                        required files to your ipod, click the <emphasis role="strong">
951
 
                                                        Save Changes</emphasis> button to load and save the files
952
 
                                                        on your ipod.</para>
 
944
                                                        required files to your iPod, click the <emphasis role="strong">
 
945
                                                        Save Changes</emphasis> button to load and save the files.</para>
953
946
                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Updating the iPod</emphasis></title>
954
947
                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
955
948
                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_058.png" format="PNG" />
957
950
                                                        </figure>
958
951
                                                </listitem>
959
952
                                                <listitem>
960
 
                                                        <para>When you are done updating your ipod and want to
 
953
                                                        <para>When you are done updating your iPod and want to
961
954
                                                        disconnect it, close down the Rhythmbox window. Right-click
962
 
                                                        the ipod icon on the desktop and then select
 
955
                                                        the iPod icon on the desktop and then select
963
956
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Eject</emphasis>. Now you can
964
 
                                                        safely remove your ipod from the computer.</para>
 
957
                                                        safely remove your iPod from the computer.</para>
965
958
                                                </listitem>
966
959
                                        </orderedlist>
967
960
                                </para>
971
964
                        <title>Creating and Editing Audio Files</title>
972
965
                        <para>Ubuntu provides you with various tools to create your own music
973
966
                        and audio files. The default application available in Ubuntu for creation of
974
 
                        audio files is the Gnome Sound Recorder. Similarly, you can also edit
 
967
                        audio files is the GNOME Sound Recorder. Similarly, you can also edit
975
968
                        audio files using Audacity.</para>
976
969
                        <sect2>
977
970
                                <title>Creating Audio Files</title>
978
971
                                <para>Ubuntu provides you with tools to create new audio files using
979
 
                                an input device such as a microphone. Gnome Sound Recorder is the
 
972
                                an input device such as a microphone. GNOME Sound Recorder is the
980
973
                                default application available in Ubuntu for creating audio files. To start
981
 
                                recording audio using Gnome Sound Recorder:
 
974
                                recording audio using GNOME Sound Recorder:
982
975
                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
983
976
                                                <listitem>
984
977
                                                        <para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications
987
980
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Sound Recorder</emphasis>.
988
981
                                                        Alternatively, you can just press <emphasis role="strong">
989
982
                                                        ALT+F2</emphasis>, type <emphasis role="strong">
990
 
                                                        gnome-sound-recorder</emphasis> and click
 
983
                                                        GNOME-sound-recorder</emphasis> and click
991
984
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Run.</emphasis> The
992
985
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Sound Recorder</emphasis> is
993
986
                                                        launched.</para>
1315
1308
                        </sect2>
1316
1309
                </sect1>
1317
1310
                <sect1>
1318
 
                        <title>Using DVDs</title>
 
1311
                        <title>Playing DVDs</title>
1319
1312
                        <para>By default, Ubuntu is capable of playing DVDs that are not
1320
1313
                        scrambled. Most commercial DVDs are scrambled with the Content
1321
1314
                        Scrambling System (CSS), which attempts to restrict the sotware that
1322
1315
                        can play a DVD. Due to legal restrictions surrounding the scrambled
1323
 
                        format, as well as Ubuntu's total commitment to completely free
1324
 
                        multimedia formats, some software packages needed for encrypted DVD
 
1316
                        format, as well as Ubuntu's total commitment to free multimedia formats, some software packages needed for encrypted DVD
1325
1317
                        playback are not installed by default in Ubuntu. You can install these
1326
1318
                        packages from Ubuntu repositories to enable the playback of scrambled
1327
1319
                        DVDs.</para>
1346
1338
                                        <para>Totem-xine</para>
1347
1339
                                </listitem>
1348
1340
                        </itemizedlist>
1349
 
                        <para>Though Totem-gstreamer, the default movie player included in
1350
 
                        Ubuntu can play a DVD automatically when it is inserted into the DVD
1351
 
                        drive, it does not enable you to navigate through the menu of the DVD.
1352
 
                        You cannot also start playing a DVD from inside the Totem movie player
1353
 
                        by selecting Movie ? Play Disc 'DVD Name'.</para>
1354
 
                        <para>Other free software media players like VLC, mplayer and xine do make the DVDs menu available.</para>
 
1341
                        <para>Totem-gstreamer, the default movie player included in
 
1342
                        Ubuntu can automatically play a DVD when it is inserted into the DVD drive. However, it will not provide access to the menu.
 
1343
                        Other free software media players like VLC, mplayer and xine do make the DVD menu available.</para>
1355
1344
                        <sect2>
1356
1345
                                <title>Playing DVD in Totem</title>
1357
1346
                                <para>After you have installed all the required software packages from
1443
1432
                                                </listitem>
1444
1433
                                                <listitem>
1445
1434
                                                        <para>This hides the side bar and now you can view the DVD
1446
 
                                                        on a bigger space and simultaneously, have all the playback
 
1435
                                                        on a larger space and simultaneously, have all the playback
1447
1436
                                                        controls right in front of you.</para>
1448
1437
                                                </listitem>
1449
1438
                                        </orderedlist>
1451
1440
                        </sect2>
1452
1441
                        <sect2>
1453
1442
                                <title>Backing up DVDs</title>
1454
 
                                <para>If you have a big and old collection of now not-so-easy-to-find
 
1443
                                <para>If you have a collection of old and not-so-easy-to-find
1455
1444
                                DVDs, you may wish to back up these on your computer or create
1456
 
                                extra copies of it. You may even want to extract certain tracks from
 
1445
                                extra copies of them. You may even want to extract certain tracks from
1457
1446
                                your DVD and watch it later. To do so, Ubuntu provides you with a
1458
1447
                                number of DVD backup applications or DVD rippers. Although these
1459
1448
                                applications are not included in Ubuntu by default, you can download and install them from the Ubuntu repositories. Some of
1474
1463
                                        </itemizedlist>
1475
1464
                                </para>
1476
1465
                                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
1477
 
                                <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about the above mentioned applications, you can ask them to visit the following Web pages: For dvd::rip- <ulink url="http://www2.exit1.org/dvdrip/">http://www2.exit1.org/dvdrip/</ulink> For K9copy- <ulink url="http://k9copy.sourceforge.net/">http://k9copy.sourceforge.net/</ulink> For HandBrake- <ulink url="http://handbrake.m0k.org/?chapter=documentation">http://handbrake.m0k.org/?chapter=documentation</ulink></emphasis></para></instructornote>
 
1466
                                <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about the above applications, advise them to visit the following Web pages: For dvd::rip- <ulink url="http://www2.exit1.org/dvdrip/">http://www2.exit1.org/dvdrip/</ulink> For K9copy- <ulink url="http://k9copy.sourceforge.net/">http://k9copy.sourceforge.net/</ulink> For HandBrake- <ulink url="http://handbrake.m0k.org/?chapter=documentation">http://handbrake.m0k.org/?chapter=documentation</ulink></emphasis></para></instructornote>
1478
1467
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Backing up DVDs Using Thoggen</emphasis></para>
1479
1468
                                <para>Thoggen is a DVD backup utility for Linux, based on
1480
1469
                                GStreamer and Gtk+. This application is designed to be easy-to-use.
1489
1478
                                                </listitem>
1490
1479
                                                <listitem>
1491
1480
                                                        <para>Supports title preview, picture cropping, and picture
1492
 
                                                        resizing.</para>
 
1481
                                                        resizing</para>
1493
1482
                                                </listitem>
1494
1483
                                                <listitem>
1495
1484
                                                        <para>Provides language Selection for audio track</para>
1537
1526
                                                </listitem>
1538
1527
                                                <listitem>
1539
1528
                                                        <para>The <emphasis role="strong">Thoggen</emphasis>
1540
 
                                                        window appears. As told earlier, Thoggen is an easy-to-use
1541
 
                                                        application. As a first step to back up your DVD, it simply
 
1529
                                                        window appears. As a first step to backing up your DVD, it simply
1542
1530
                                                        asks you to select the specific tracks on the DVD that you
1543
1531
                                                        want to back up. Specify the tracks by selecting the
1544
1532
                                                        corresponding check boxes and then click
1553
1541
                                                        <para>In the next step of the backing up process, you are
1554
1542
                                                        allowed to view and configure some of the settings according
1555
1543
                                                        to your requirements. You can select the picture size from
1556
 
                                                        the corresponding drop-down list, and define the cropping of
1557
 
                                                        the output, if you desire, by clicking the
 
1544
                                                        the corresponding drop-down list and define the output crop, by clicking the
1558
1545
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Configure Cropping</emphasis>
1559
1546
                                                        button. Otherwise, you cam simply click
1560
1547
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">OK</emphasis> to accept the
1584
1571
                </sect1>
1585
1572
                <sect1>
1586
1573
                        <title>Playing Online Media</title>
1587
 
                        <para>Ubuntu provides you with tools to directly play the music and
 
1574
                        <para>Ubuntu provides you with tools to directly play music and
1588
1575
                        videos available on the Internet. You can listen and watch online videos
1589
 
                        and audios directly from within your browser or may require to install
1590
 
                        some special player for this. Your ability to watch or listen online media
1591
 
                        would depend on how the provider of the music and video has made
 
1576
                        and audios directly from within your browser but may require to install
 
1577
                        some special player for this. Your ability to watch or listen to online media
 
1578
                        depends on how the provider of the music and video has made
1592
1579
                        them available.</para>
1593
1580
                        <sect2>
1594
1581
                                <title>Watching Videos in a Web Browser</title>
1641
1628
                                RealPlayer 10, to watch online video streams in Realmedia formats.
1642
1629
                                When you have installed all the above mentioned plugins and codecs,
1643
1630
                                you can watch RealMedia files even with your default media player,
1644
 
                                such as Totem. But, you may as well wish to install RealPlayer on
 
1631
                                such as Totem. But, you may also want to install RealPlayer on
1645
1632
                                your computer because RealPlayer supports streaming RealMedia
1646
1633
                                files slightly better than other players.</para>
1647
1634
                                <para>The RealPlayer, developed by RealNetworks, supports a
1803
1790
                                                        </figure>
1804
1791
                                                </listitem>
1805
1792
                                                <listitem>
1806
 
                                                        <para>Type the URl or the file path of the video in the
 
1793
                                                        <para>Type the URL or the file path of the video in the
1807
1794
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Open Location</emphasis>
1808
1795
                                                        dialogue box and click <emphasis role="strong">OK
1809
1796
                                                        </emphasis> to start playing the online streaming video.
1820
1807
                </sect1>
1821
1808
                <sect1>
1822
1809
                        <title>Editing Videos</title>
1823
 
                        <para>In addition to viewing movies and videos, Ubuntu also offers you
 
1810
                        <para>In addition to viewing movies and videos, Ubuntu also provides you
1824
1811
                        tools to help you edit a video. The tools available with Ubuntu include:</para>
1825
1812
                        <para>
1826
1813
                                <emphasis role="strong">Kino:</emphasis> An advanced video
1861
1848
                                                        window opens.</para>
1862
1849
                                                </listitem>                                     
1863
1850
                                                <listitem>
1864
 
                                                        <para>The main Pitivi interface is divide in many panes. You
1865
 
                                                        can use the various buttons on the task bar a to
1866
 
                                                        perform several tasks, such as opening, importing, adding,
 
1851
                                                        <para>The main Pitivi interface is divided into a number of panes. You
 
1852
                                                        can use the various buttons on the task bar to perform tasks such as opening, importing, adding,
1867
1853
                                                        viewing and saving video clips. To edit a video clip, first import
1868
1854
                                                        the clip in the Pitivi Video editor by clicking the
1869
1855
                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Import Clips</emphasis> button.</para>
1999
1985
                        <title>Lesson Summary</title>
2000
1986
                        <para>In this lesson, you learned that:
2001
1987
                                <itemizedlist>
2002
 
                                        <listitem><para>Software usage and distribution is controlled by certain
2003
 
                                        laws and legislations.</para></listitem>
2004
 
                                        <listitem><para>When playing proprietary media formats, you should be aware
 
1988
                                        <listitem><para>Software usage and distribution is controlled by laws and legislations unique to each country and sometimes region.</para></listitem>
 
1989
                                        <listitem><para>When using or redistributing proprietary media formats, you should be aware
2005
1990
                                        of the associated patent or copyright laws.</para></listitem>
2006
 
                                        <listitem><para>You can use Rhythmbox to play your music files, listen to
2007
 
                                        Internet radio, import music from CDs and organise your music
2008
 
                                        files.</para></listitem>
2009
 
                                        <listitem><para>Using Sound Juicer, you can play audio tracks directly from
2010
 
                                        the CD, extract audio tracks and convert them into audio files of various
2011
 
                                        file formats. In addition, Serpentine, the default audio CD burner for Ubuntu, can                                              be used to create audio CDs.</para></listitem>
2012
 
                                        <listitem><para>Playback for proprietary multimedia formats can be enabled in                                   Ubuntu by installing additional multimedia codecs from the repositories.</para></listitem>
2013
 
                                        <listitem><para>You can use the Synaptic Package Manager, or the apt-get
2014
 
                                        Command Line Interface (CLI) to install these multimedia codecs available in
2015
 
                                        the repositories.</para></listitem>
2016
 
                                        <listitem><para>Ubuntu offers you tools to play music from your
2017
 
                                        iPod.</para></listitem>
2018
 
                                        <listitem><para>After installing gtkpod, you can also transfer music files to and                                               from your ipod device.</para></listitem>
2019
 
                                        <listitem><para>Gnome Sound Recorder can be used to create audio files in various                                               formats.</para></listitem>
2020
 
                                        <listitem><para>Audacity helps you to record and edit audio
 
1991
                                        <listitem><para>You can use Rhythmbox to play and organise music files, listen to
 
1992
                                        Internet radio and import music from CDs.</para></listitem>
 
1993
                                        <listitem><para>Using Sound Juicer, you can play audio tracks direct from
 
1994
                                        the CD, extract audio tracks and convert them into audio files in various
 
1995
                                        file formats. In addition, the default audio CD burner for Ubuntu, Serpentine, can be used to create audio CDs.</para></listitem>
 
1996
                                        <listitem><para>Playback of proprietary multimedia formats can be enabled in Ubuntu by installing additional multimedia 
 
1997
                                        codecs from the repositories.</para></listitem>
 
1998
                                        <listitem><para>Ubuntu offers you tools to play music from your iPod through gtkpod.</para></listitem>
 
1999
                                        <listitem><para>GNOME Sound Recorder can be used to create audio files in various                                               formats.</para></listitem>
 
2000
                                        <listitem><para>Audacity enables you to record and edit audio
2021
2001
                                        files.</para></listitem>
2022
2002
                                        <listitem><para>DVD playback in Totem Movie Player can be enabled by installing the                                             required software packages.</para></listitem>
2023
2003
                                        <listitem><para>Thoggen is a DVD backup utility for Linux that can be used
2074
2054
                        </answer>
2075
2055
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">Question 4</emphasis></para>
2076
2056
                        <para>Which application is available in Ubuntu by default to play and extract
2077
 
                        audio compact disks?</para>
 
2057
                        audio compact discs?</para>
2078
2058
                                <orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
2079
2059
                                        <listitem><para>Xsine</para></listitem>
2080
2060
                                        <listitem><para>RealPlayer</para></listitem>
2128
2108
                        <para>Synaptic Package Manager or Command Line Interface</para>
2129
2109
                        </answer>
2130
2110
                </sect1>
2131
 
                    </questions>
 
2111
            </questions>
2132
2112
                <sect1>
2133
2113
                        <title>Lab Exercise</title>
2134
2114
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 1: Playing Music Using Rhythmbox</emphasis></para>
2135
 
                        <para>You have recently got Ubuntu installed on your computer as the default operating
2136
 
                        system. Being an ardent music listener, you now want to play and organise your music files,
2137
 
                        listen to music podcasts and Internet radio. List the steps that you would need to
2138
 
                        perform to do all that you want.
 
2115
                        <para>You have recently installed Ubuntu and want to play and organise your music files,
 
2116
                        listen to music podcasts and Internet radio. List the steps that you would take.</para>
2139
2117
                                <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
2140
2118
                                        <listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Application</emphasis> menu,
2141
2119
                                        point to <emphasis role="strong">Sound &amp; Video</emphasis> and then click
2174
2152
                                        <listitem><para>You can add many more Internet radio stations in the same way
2175
2153
                                        and listen to your favourite radio stations with just a click of your
2176
2154
                                        mouse.</para></listitem>
2177
 
                                </orderedlist>
2178
 
                        </para>
 
2155
                                        </orderedlist>
2179
2156
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 2: Playing and Extracting Audio CDs</emphasis></para>
2180
 
                        <para>You have been laboriously collecting audio CDs to build your music collection over the years. 
2181
 
                        Now, you want to play these audio CDs in your Ubuntu desktop, retrieve details about the music tracks
2182
 
                        stored on your CDs and extract your favourite music tracks on your computer in a compatible format to be able to
2183
 
                        play them later at your convenience. List the steps that you would need to perform to
2184
 
                        do all that you want.</para>
 
2157
                        <para>You have built up an impressive CD collection over the years and you would like
 
2158
                        to play these on your Ubuntu desktop, retrieve details about the music tracks
 
2159
                        and extract your favourite music tracks onto your computer in a compatible format to be able to
 
2160
                        play them later. List the steps that you would need to perform to do all that you want.</para>
2185
2161
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">To play audio CDs:</emphasis>
2186
2162
                                <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
2187
2163
                                        <listitem><para>Insert an audio CD in the CD drive of your computer. The
2226
2202
                        </para>
2227
2203
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 3: Burning Audio CDs</emphasis></para>
2228
2204
                        <para>You have recently discovered a Web site from where you can freely download
2229
 
                        hundred of songs of your choice. You do not want these files to occupy the precious
 
2205
                        hundreds of songs. You do not want these files to occupy the precious
2230
2206
                        space on your computer's hard drive. Therefore, you want to copy these files on audio
2231
 
                        CDs, so that you can listen to your favourite songs in future without exhausting the
2232
 
                        capacity of the hard drive.</para>
 
2207
                        CDs, so that you can listen to them in future without taking up capacity of the hard drive.</para>
2233
2208
                        <para>To burn an audio CD:
2234
2209
                                <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
2235
2210
                                        <listitem><para>Insert a blank (recordable) CD in the CD drive of your
2262
2237
                                        click the <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disc</emphasis> button to start
2263
2238
                                        writing the audio files from your computer to the CD.</para></listitem>
2264
2239
                                        <listitem><para>You are asked to confirm your decision to record a media
2265
 
                                        disk. Click <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disk</emphasis> to
 
2240
                                        disc. Click <emphasis role="strong">Write to Disc</emphasis> to
2266
2241
                                        continue.</para></listitem>
2267
2242
                                        <listitem><para>Serpentine now starts writing the music files to the media
2268
 
                                        disk. You can view the progress of the process in the <emphasis role="strong">
2269
 
                                        Writing Audio Disk</emphasis> dialogue box.</para></listitem>
 
2243
                                        disc. You can view the progress of the process in the <emphasis role="strong">
 
2244
                                        Writing Audio Disc</emphasis> dialogue box.</para></listitem>
2270
2245
                                </orderedlist>
2271
2246
                        </para>
2272
2247
                        <para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 4: Playing Proprietary Multimedia
2273
2248
                        formats</emphasis></para>
2274
 
                        <para>As a previous Microsoft Windows user, you have a huge collection of music in MP3
2275
 
                        format stored on your computer. Now you want to play these music files on your
2276
 
                        Ubuntu desktop by installing the required multimedia codecs from the Restricted
2277
 
                        repository. List the steps that you will need to take to be able install these
 
2249
                        <para>You have a huge collection of music in MP3 format stored on your computer and want to
 
2250
                        play these music files on your Ubuntu desktop. List the steps that you will need to take to be able install the required
2278
2251
                        multimedia codecs.</para>
2279
2252
                        <para>To Install a codec plugin using Synaptic Package Manager:
2280
2253
                                <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
2343
2316
                                        </listitem>
2344
2317
                                        <listitem><para>Install the Ubuntu Restricted Extras software package from the
2345
2318
                                        Ubuntu repository.</para></listitem>
2346
 
                                        <listitem><para>Insert the DVD in the DVD drive of your computer. This will
 
2319
                                        <listitem><para>Insert the DVD into the DVD drive of your computer. This will
2347
2320
                                        automatically launch the Totem and the DVD will start playing.</para></listitem>
2348
2321
                                        <listitem><para>To view the DVD in full screen mode, on the View menu, click
2349
2322
                                        Fullscreen. Alternatively, you can simply press F on your keyboard.</para></listitem>