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chapter9/Lesson9_Playing_Music_and_Videos.xml
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Playing Music Files</title>
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                        <para>Ubuntu comes with the Rhythmbox Music Player to play and organise music files. Similar to
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                        iTunes in its interface, this music player is a free software application designed to work in the GNOME desktop environment. Using Rhythmbox, you
 
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                        iTunes in its interface, this music player is a free software application designed to work in the 
 
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                        GNOME desktop environment. Using Rhythmbox, you
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                        can play your music files, listen to Internet radio, import music from CDs and
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                        organise your music files. Rhythmbox offers comprehensive audio support for a large
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                        number of audio formats and contains various useful features that make playing music
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                                                        For example, activating <emphasis role="strong">Magnatune Store
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                                                        </emphasis> plugin enables iTunes-style song previews and paid
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                                                        downloads. Activating <emphasis role="strong">Visualization
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                                                        </emphasis> enables you to view 'squigglies' on the screen while
 
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                                                        </emphasis> renders a real-time visualization of the music on the screen while
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                                                        you listen to a song track. Similarly, if you want to automatically
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                                                        retrieve the lyrics of the song being played, activate
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Song Lyrics</emphasis> by selecting the
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>Amazingly, the Rhythmbox retrieves the song lyrics for you.
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                                                        Now, you can hum along while listening to your favourite song.</para>
 
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                                                        <para>Amazingly, Rhythmbox retrieves the song lyrics for you.
 
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                                                        Now, you can sing along while listening to your favourite song.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">The Song Lyrics Retrieved</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_010.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>Rhythmbox also enables you to listen to music
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                                                        from a variety of sources, such as Internet radio stations and
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                                                        pod casts.</para>
 
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                                                        podcasts.</para>
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                                                        <para>To play music from a podcast of your choice, right-click the
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Podcast</emphasis> option in the
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Source</emphasis> list and select
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                        <note>
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                                                                <title>Note:</title>
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                                                                <para>Podcasts are audio shows, broadcasted over the Internet,
 
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                                                                <para>Podcasts are audio shows broadcast over the Internet
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                                                                that you can subscribe to. Subscribing to a podcast enables you
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                                                                to download each new audio release from the subscribed podcast
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                                                                source.</para>
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                                                        </note>
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                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about podcasts, advise them to visit the following URL: <ulink url='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
 
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">If the students want to know more about podcasts, advise them 
 
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                                                        to read the Wikipedia article on podcasting: <ulink url='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting'>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting</ulink></emphasis></para></instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>Enter the podcast feed URL in the <emphasis role="strong">New
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Advise students to visit the following URL to know more about Internet radio: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_radio">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet radio</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
 
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Advise students to read the Wikipedia article on Internet Radio
 
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                                                        if they want more background information: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_radio">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet radio</ulink> </emphasis> </para></instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>You can also add a new radio station to the existing list by
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                                <itemizedlist>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>Ogg Vorbis: Ogg vorbis is a free, unpatented and open source alternative to
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                                                the proprietary MP3 format. Similarly to MP3, it is a lossy audio compression format.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>FLAC: FLAC stands for Free Lossless Audio Codec. It is also an
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                                                unpatented, open source and non-proprietary audio format. Though FLAC
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                                                is quite similar to the MP3 format, it is considered 'lossless'. This means that
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                                                in FLAC, audio is compressed without any loss in sound quality.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>WAV: WAV is short for Waveform Audio Format. This format is
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                                                typically used for voice recordings. Sound Juicer uses this format
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                                                for low quality mono audio files.</para>
 
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                                                the proprietary MP3 format. Like the MP3 format, it discards parts of the sound 
 
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                                                that humans cannot normally hear. An Ogg Vorbis file is typically a tenth of the size of 
 
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                                                a WAV format file containing the same content.</para>
 
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                                        </listitem>
 
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                                        <listitem>
 
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                                                <para>FLAC: FLAC stands for Free Lossless Audio Codec. It is an unpatented, open source 
 
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                                                audio format. Unlike MP3 or Ogg Vorbis, FLAC compresses audio without discarding any information.
 
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                                                A FLAC file is typically half the size of a WAV file containing the same content.</para>
 
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                                        </listitem>
 
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                                        <listitem>
 
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                                        <para>WAV: WAV is short for Waveform Audio Format. It is an uncompressed format typically
 
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                                        used for short snippets of sound and voice recordings.</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                </itemizedlist>
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                        </para>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>The Sound Juicer's main interface is displayed. When Sound
 
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                                                        <para>Sound Juicer's main interface is displayed. When Sound
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                                                        Juicer detects a CD, it examines the CD and tries to search the
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                                                        Internet to locate information about the CD's content. If you
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                                                        are connected to the Internet, Sound Juicer will retrieve the CD
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                                                        artist, title, and track data from MusicBrainz.org.</para>
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                                                        <para>Notice that Sound Juicer has fetched the track information
 
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                                                        <para>To play all the tracks sequentially, you can simply click the
 
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Play</emphasis> button.</para>
 
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                                                        <note>
 
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                                                                <title>Note:</title>
 
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                                                                <para>MusicBrainz.org is a community-maintained online database,
 
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                                                                which contains data on over 360,000 published albums.</para>
 
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                                                        </note>
 
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Playing Audio CD</emphasis></title>
 
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
 
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_020.png" format="PNG" />
 
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
 
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                                                        </figure><para>Notice that Sound Juicer has fetched the track information
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                                                        from MusicBrainz.org. In the upper part of the Sound Juicer window,
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                                                        you can see the basic information about the disc, including title,
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                                                        artist, genre and total duration. The lower part of the window
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                                                        displays a list of tracks, each with its full title, artist and
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                                                        duration.</para>
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                                                        <para>To play all the tracks sequentially, you can simply click the
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Play</emphasis> button.</para>
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                                                        <note>
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                                                                <title>Note:</title>
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                                                                <para>MusicBrainz.org is a community-maintained online database,
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                                                                which contains data on over 360,000 published albums.</para>
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                                                        </note>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Playing Audio CD</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_020.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>To play only the tracks of your choice, select the particular
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                        watch videos or listen to music of a specific format. Although Ubuntu includes many
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                        codecs by default, you may need to install more because there are many different
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                        multimedia formats and it is unrealistic to provide them all.</para>
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                        <para>Playing back multimedia files in Ubuntu is handled by the Gstreamer multimedia framework.
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                        A format can be played on a system in general, if Gstreamer supports it. Hence no matter which
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                        media player you prefer, support for a particular format is installed through a plugin to
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                        Gstreamer. Typical plugins are:
 
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                        <para>Playback of multimedia files in Ubuntu is handled by the Gstreamer multimedia framework.
 
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                        GStreamer by itself does not provide any multimedia codecs, it relies on codecs that have been
 
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                        packaged into a <emphasis role="strong">plugin</emphasis> that it uses to perform the actual
 
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                        recording and playback. Typical plugins are:
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                                <itemizedlist>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly</para>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>After the Multiverse and Restricted repositories are added in the
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                                                Ubuntu software sources, you can download and install the required
 
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                                                Ubuntu software sources, you can download and install additional
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                                                multimedia codecs. To install a software package, you need to first
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                                                locate the package in the Synaptic Package Manager window. You can
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                                                either search for a specific software package manually or run a
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                                                </figure>
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                                        </listitem>
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                                        <listitem>
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                                                <para>After all the mark software packages are downloaded and installed, the <emphasis role="strong">Changes Applied</emphasis> dialogue box is displayed. Click <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis> to exit the <emphasis role="strong">Changes Applied</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>
 
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                                                <para>After all the marked software packages are downloaded and installed, the <emphasis role="strong">Changes Applied</emphasis> dialogue box is displayed. Click <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis> to exit the <emphasis role="strong">Changes Applied</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>
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                                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Changes Applied Notification</emphasis></title>
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                                                        <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                <imagedata fileref="images/chapter9_image_051.png" format="PNG" />
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>After you are satisfied with all the edit effects, you can
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                                                        save the edited audio file. Because the default audio format of
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                                                        Audacity is not readily supported by many application,
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                                                        therefore, it would be advisable to save the file in a more
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                                                        popular audio format, such as Ogg Vorbis, or MP3.</para>
 
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                                                        Audacity is not readily supported by many applications you should save the file in a more
 
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                                                        popular audio format, such as Ogg Vorbis or MP3.</para>
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                                                        <para>To save the file in a different file format, click
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Export</emphasis>.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Exporting Audio File </emphasis></title>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Export File</emphasis>
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                                                        dialogue box, select the folder where you want the file to be
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                                                        saved. Then, select the desired file format from the
 
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                                                        dialogue box, select the folder where you want to save the file. 
 
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                                                        Then, select the desired file format from the
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                                                        drop-down list and then click <emphasis role="strong">Save
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                                                        </emphasis> to export the file in the specified file format.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Exporting as MP3 File</emphasis></title>
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                        scrambled. Most commercial DVDs are scrambled with the Content
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                        Scrambling System (CSS), which attempts to restrict the sotware that
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                        can play a DVD. Due to legal restrictions surrounding the scrambled
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                        format, as well as Ubuntu's total commitment to free multimedia formats, some software packages needed for encrypted DVD
 
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                        format, as well as Ubuntu's total commitment to free multimedia formats, 
 
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                        some software packages needed for encrypted DVD
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                        playback are not installed by default in Ubuntu. You can install these
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                        packages from Ubuntu repositories to enable the playback of scrambled
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                        DVDs.</para>
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                                </listitem>
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                        </itemizedlist>
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                        <para>Totem-gstreamer, the default movie player included in
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                        Ubuntu can automatically play a DVD when it is inserted into the DVD drive. However, it will not provide access to the menu.
 
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                                                        Ubuntu can automatically play a DVD when it is inserted into the DVD drive. 
 
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                                                        However, it will not provide access to the DVD menu.
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                        Other free software media players like VLC, mplayer and xine do make the DVD menu available.</para>
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                        <sect2>
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                                <title>Playing DVDs in Totem</title>
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                                extra copies of them. You may even want to extract certain tracks from
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                                your DVD and watch it later. To do so, Ubuntu provides you with a
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                                number of DVD backup applications or DVD rippers. Although these
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                                applications are not included in Ubuntu by default, you can download and install them from the Ubuntu repositories. Some of
 
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                                applications are not included in Ubuntu by default, you can download and install 
 
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                                them from the Ubuntu repositories. Some of
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                                these applications are:
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                                        <itemizedlist>
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                                                <listitem>
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                        <sect2>
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                                <title>Editing videos using Pitivi video editor</title>
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                                <para>Pitivi Video Editor is not included in Ubuntu by default.
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                                However, it is easily available in the Universe repository of Ubuntu. You can
 
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                                It is available in the Universe repository of Ubuntu. You can
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                                install Pitivi using Synaptic Package Manager.</para>
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                                <para>To edit video using Pitivi Video Editor:
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                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                        <para>Which application is available in Ubuntu by default to play and extract
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                        audio compact discs?</para>
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                                <orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
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                                        <listitem><para>Xsine</para></listitem>
 
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                                        <listitem><para>Xine</para></listitem>
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                                        <listitem><para>RealPlayer</para></listitem>
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                                        <listitem><para>Serpentine</para></listitem>
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                                        <listitem><para>Sound Juicer</para></listitem>