~ricardo-cropalato/ubuntu-desktop-course/ubuntu-desktop-course-pt-br-ricardo-cropalato

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<chapter>
		<title>Making The Most of Images and Photos</title>
		<para><emphasis role="strong">Objectives</emphasis></para>
		<para>In this lesson, you will learn to:
			<itemizedlist>
				<listitem><para>View and edit images</para></listitem>
				<listitem><para>Scan and send images</para></listitem>
			</itemizedlist>
		</para>
			<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">It is advisable to cover all the 
			topics during the training. However, if you fall short of time then cover only the following topics:</emphasis>
			<itemizedlist>
			<listitem><para><emphasis role="italic">Introducing Graphics Applications</emphasis></para></listitem>
			<listitem><para><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Images with gThumb</emphasis></para></listitem>
			<listitem><para><emphasis role="italic">Managing Photos with F-Spot</emphasis></para></listitem>
			<listitem><para><emphasis role="italic">3D Effects</emphasis></para></listitem>
			</itemizedlist>
			</para>
			<para><emphasis role="italic">Try and take photographs of the class (students) before this session and then demonstrate
			the applications using those photographs. This lesson should be very hands on as opposed to just a demonstration.</emphasis></para>
			</instructornote>
			<sect1>
			<title>Introducing Graphics Applications</title>
			<para>Graphics applications form an integral part of Ubuntu. They enable you to organise your photo collection,
			create and edit photos and images, scan and send objects and more.</para>
			<para>In this lesson, you will learn about the various graphics applications
			available on Ubuntu and which one to use when. These graphics applications are available either with the
			Ubuntu installation or in repositories (those libraries we mentioned earlier).</para>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Applications Available with the Ubuntu
			Installation</emphasis></para>
			<para>The following applications are included in the Ubuntu installation package:
				<itemizedlist>
					<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">gThumb Image Viewer:</emphasis> An
					image viewer and a browser for the GNOME desktop which enables
					you to import pictures from a digital camera, create photo CDs and display
					photos as slide shows.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">GIMP Image Editor:</emphasis> An
					image editor used for advanced image creation and
					editing such as changing the contrast, colour or the texture of an
					image.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">F-Spot Photo Manager:</emphasis> A
					photo manager used to organise and manage
					photos. F-Spot enables you to tag (label), categorise and sort
					photos.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">XSane Image Scanner:</emphasis> An
					image scanner which also enables you to photocopy documents and fax or e-mail scanned
					images.</para></listitem>
				</itemizedlist>
			</para>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Applications Available in Repositories</emphasis></para>
			<para>In addition to the default applications, you can search through the repositories and install applications using the Synaptic Package Manager or the Command Line Interface (CLI).</para>
			<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">Thousands of applications are 
			available in the repositories; this topic covers only a few of them. If students want
			more information about a specific application, show them the way to view application details in the Synaptic Package Manager.</emphasis></para>
			</instructornote>
			<para>Some of the graphics applications are available in Ubuntu software repositories:
				<itemizedlist>
					<listitem>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_001.png" format="PNG" />
					<para><emphasis role="strong">Agave:</emphasis>
					A colour scheme designer. After you select a base colour, Agave suggests the
					appropriate complementary colours or shades of the same base colour. You can
					also drag and drop a colour from another application, such as GIMP. Whether
					you are designing a Web page or a pamphlet or painting your house, this
					programme enables you to identify the appropriate colour scheme. Visit the Web
					site <ulink url="http://home.gna.org/colorscheme/">http://home.gna.org/colorscheme/</ulink>
					for more information on Agave.</para></listitem>
					<listitem>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_002.png" format="PNG" />
					<para><emphasis role="strong">Blender:</emphasis> An
					open-source 3D content creation suite. You can create 3D models and
					animations, add post-production effects or use it as a graphics editor to
					define interactive behaviour without programming. Blender has a distinctive
					user interface that is implemented entirely in Open GL and designed for speed.
					Python bindings for scripting and import/export features for popular file
					formats such as 3D Studio are available in Blender. Products of Blender may
					be stills, animations, models for games or other third-party engines and
					interactive content in the form of standalone binaries and/or a Web plug-ins.
					Visit the Web site <ulink url="http://www.blender.org/">http://www.blender.org/</ulink>
					for more information on Blender.</para></listitem>
					<listitem>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_003.png" format="PNG" />
					<para><emphasis role="strong">Dia:</emphasis> A diagram
					editor similar to the Microsoft Windows programme, Visio. Dia offers
					the capability to produce precise and professional-level graphics. You can
					draw entity relationship diagrams, flowcharts and network diagrams and export
					them to various formats, including EPS, SVG, XFIG, WMF and PNG. You can also
					print diagrams spanning multiple pages. Visit the Web site
					<ulink url="http://live.gnome.org/Dia">http://live.gnome.org/Dia</ulink> for
					more information.</para></listitem>
					<listitem>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_004.png" format="PNG" />
					<para><emphasis role="strong">Gcolor2: </emphasis>
 					A simple colour selector and picker that facilitate quick and easy selection of
					colours. It also enables you to save new colours and delete existing ones.
					Visit the Web site <ulink url="http://gcolor2.sourceforge.net/">http://gcolor2.sourceforge.net/</ulink>
					for more information.</para></listitem>
					<listitem>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_005.png" format="PNG" />
					<para><emphasis role="strong">GNU paint:</emphasis> 
					A user-friendly painting programme for GNOME. It offers easy-to-use
					drawing tools to perform various image-processing operations. Visit the Web
					site <ulink url="http://gpaint.sourceforge.net/">http://gpaint.sourceforge.net/</ulink>
					for more information.</para></listitem>
					</itemizedlist>
			</para>
			<para>In addition, several third-party applications, such as Picasa, a free software
			download from Google, are compatible with Ubuntu.</para>
			<para>Picasa enables you to locate and organise all the photos on your
			computer, edit and add effects to your photos and share your photos through e-mail and print and post images on the Web. You can download Picasa from the following Web site 				<ulink url="http://picasa.google.com/linux/download.html">
			http://picasa.google.com/linux/download.html</ulink>.</para>
			<para>The following section outlines the features of some of these graphics applications and how to
			use them.</para>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>Viewing Images with gThumb</title>
			<para>An advanced image viewer developed for the GNOME environment, gThumb enables
			you to browse and locate image files, organise images in catalogues, print images,
			view slide shows and export Web-based albums with various graphic themes. This
			application also offers the typical features of an image viewer, such as copying,
			moving, deleting, printing, zooming and converting image formats.</para>
			<sect2>
				<title>Viewing Images</title>
				<para>Images can be viewed in various formats, such as BMP, JPEG, GIF, PNG, TIFF, ICO and XPM. You can also view GIF
				animations.</para>
				<para>To view an image:</para>
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis>
						menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Graphics</emphasis> and click
						<emphasis role="strong">gThumb Image Viewer</emphasis>. The
						<emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis> window opens.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Launching gThumb Image Viewer</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_006.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>In the left pane of the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis>
						window, click <emphasis role="strong">Images</emphasis> and navigate
						to the folder that contains the images. Alternatively, if you know
						the name of the image, type the image name and click
						<emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis> on the toolbar. The right
						pane of the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis> window displays
						the selected image as a thumbnail.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">gThumb Window</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_007.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>If there are too many images displayed in the right pane,
						it may be difficult for you to find the image you want. The
						<emphasis role="strong">Show</emphasis> option at the bottom in the
						right pane limits the range of visible images. For example, you can
						specify a criterion, such as <emphasis role="strong">Date</emphasis>,
						to display images stored on your computer on a specific date or
						<emphasis role="strong">Size</emphasis>, to display images of a
						specific size. Click the <emphasis role="strong">Show</emphasis>
						arrow and select the appropriate option from the
						<emphasis role="strong">Show</emphasis> list.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting Image Display Options</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_008.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>To view images in their original order of arrangement,
						click <emphasis role="strong">Fullscreen</emphasis> on the toolbar. Ensure
						not to select a thumbnail. The first image in the series opens in a
						fullscreen window.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Image in Fullscreen Mode</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_009.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<para>The toolbar in the fullscreen window provides the following options:
							<itemizedlist>
								<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Leave Fullscreen:</emphasis>
								Click <emphasis role="strong">Leave Fullscreen</emphasis> to exit
								fullscreen mode and return to the gThumb window.</para></listitem>
								<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Zoom In and Out:</emphasis>
								Click the zoom options to adjust the display size of an image.
								Use <emphasis role="strong">In</emphasis> to increase the size
								and <emphasis role="strong">Out</emphasis> to decrease the size
								of the image.</para></listitem>
								<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Image properties:</emphasis>
								Click <emphasis role="strong">Properties</emphasis> to view the
								properties of an image, such as the dimensions, size or the date
								on which the image was saved on the computer.</para>
								</listitem>
								<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis> or
								<emphasis role="strong">Previous:</emphasis> Click these buttons
								to navigate through and view the images in the series.</para>
								</listitem>
							</itemizedlist>
						</para>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>For the first image, <emphasis role="strong">Previous</emphasis>
						is disabled and for the last image, <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis>
						is disabled.</para></note></listitem>
						<listitem><para>To view images in random order, in the gThumb window,
						click the thumbnail of any image and then click
						<emphasis role="strong">Fullscreen</emphasis> to view the image in
						fullscreen mode.</para>
						<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If time permits, provide a brief description of the catalogues, comment and category options in the gThumb window toolbar. These options will help users better organise their images.</emphasis></para>
						</instructornote>
					 </listitem>
					</orderedlist>
					<para><emphasis role="strong">Running Slide Shows</emphasis></para>
				<para>You can create slide shows to save clicking through your photos. A slide show is a display of a series of chosen
				images.</para>
				<para>To run a slide show:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>Select the images you want to include in your slide show.
						In the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis> window, click
						<emphasis role="strong">Slide Show</emphasis> to start a slide show of
						all the images in the right pane, in the order of arrangement. To view
						a slide show of a few selected images, hold down the
						<emphasis role="strong">Ctrl</emphasis> key, click the images you want
						to view, release the <emphasis role="strong">Ctrl</emphasis> key and
						click <emphasis role="strong">Slide Show</emphasis>. The slide show
						begins, displaying all the images, beginning with either the first image
						in the pane or the one you selected.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Starting a Slide Show</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_010.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Image in Slide Show Mode</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_011.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>The gThumb slide show uses the default settings of a
						4-second delay between images, one-time play forward and fading effects
						as transition between images. To change the default slide show settings,
						on the <emphasis role="strong">Edit</emphasis> menu, click the
						<emphasis role="strong">Preferences option</emphasis>. The
						<emphasis role="strong">gThumb Preferences</emphasis> dialogue box opens.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Modifying gThumb Preferences</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_012.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb Preferences</emphasis>
						dialogue box, click the <emphasis role="strong">Slide Show</emphasis> 
						tab and change the slide show settings. Click 
						<emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis>.
						</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Modifying Slide Show Preferences</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_013.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
			<sect2>
				<title>Removing Red Eye</title>
				<para>In some cameras, the proximity of the flash to the lens causes the light
				from the flash to reflect from the subject's retina to the lens, leaving a red
				eye mark on the image. Referred to as a red eye, the size of the mark depends
				on the amount of light reflected. The gThumb software can be used to remove the
				red eye from images.</para>
				<para>To remove red eye from an image:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis> window,
						double-click the thumbnail of the image that has a red eye. The image
						opens in a new window.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Image with a Red Eye</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_014.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>In the edit window, click
						<emphasis role="strong">Image</emphasis> and then click the 
						<emphasis role="strong">Redeye Removal</emphasis>
						option. The <emphasis role="strong">Red-Eye Removal</emphasis>
						dialogue box opens.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Launching Redeye Removal Dialogue Box</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_015.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>Click on or near the affected region, to replace the red
						eye with black. If you are not happy with the result, you can click the
						<emphasis role="strong">Undo</emphasis> icon in the
						<emphasis role="strong">Red-Eye Removal</emphasis> dialogue box. 
						Click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis> to replace the affected
						image with the edited one in the <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis>
						window.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Removing Red Eye</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_016.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>The edited image also replaces the image stored on your computer.
						Ensure that you save a copy of the image before editing it.</para></note>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>The GIMP</title>
			<para>GNU Image Manipulation Programme (GIMP) is the default graphic application in
			Ubuntu, licensed under the GNU General Public License. It is an open-source
			multi-platform photo manipulation tool, available in many languages. You can use
			GIMP to perform tasks such as re-touch photos, compose and author images, re-size
			and crop images, manipulate colours and convert image formats.</para>
			<para>GIMP has a number of useful features:
			<itemizedlist>
					<listitem><para>A full suite of painting tools, including brushes, a pencil
					and an airbrush</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Selection tools such as rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy and
					bezier</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Transformation tools such as rotate, scale, shear and
					flip</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Tile-based memory management so that the image size is
					limited only by available disk space</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Multiple undo/re-do operations limited only by disk
					space</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Advanced scripting capabilities</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Layers and channels for complex drawings</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Sub-pixel sampling for all paint tools to minimise distortion
					while representing high-resolution images in lower resolution or stretched
					mode</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Full alpha channel support to simulate transparency in
					images</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Support for multiple file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG,
					XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX and BMP</para></listitem>
				</itemizedlist>
			</para>
			<para>To launch GIMP from the desktop:
				<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
					<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis> menu,
					point to <emphasis role="strong">Graphics</emphasis> and click
					<emphasis role="strong">GIMP Image Editor</emphasis>. The
					<emphasis role="strong">GIMP Tip of the Day</emphasis> prompt is
					displayed. Click <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis> on the <emphasis role="strong">GIMP Tip of the Day</emphasis> prompt. The 
					<emphasis role="strong">GIMP</emphasis> window opens.</para>
					<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">GIMP Tip of the Day Dialogue Box</emphasis></title>
						<mediaobject><imageobject>
							<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_017.png" format="PNG" />
						</imageobject></mediaobject>
					</figure>
					<tip><title>Nice to Know:</title>
					<para>The GIMP mascot is a coyote named Wilber. He provides useful tips
					while you use the application. If you do not want to see the tips, clear
					the <emphasis role="strong">Show tip next time GIMP starts</emphasis> check
					box.</para></tip>
					</listitem>
					<listitem><para>To open an image for modification, on the 
					<emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, click 
					<emphasis role="strong">Open</emphasis> and select the image you want to
					modify.</para>
					<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Opening an Image for Editing</emphasis></title>
						<mediaobject><imageobject>
							<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_018.png" format="PNG" />
						</imageobject></mediaobject>
					</figure>
					</listitem>
					<listitem><para>The selected image opens in the 
					<emphasis role="strong">Image</emphasis> window.</para>
					<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Editing Image</emphasis></title>
						<mediaobject><imageobject>
							<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_019.png" format="PNG" />
						</imageobject></mediaobject>
					</figure>
					<para>You can now modify the image by using the tools available in the
					<emphasis role="strong">GIMP</emphasis> window.</para>
					<tip><title>Nice to Know:</title>
					<para>You can drag and drop a colour from the toolbox or from a colour
					palette onto an image. This fills the current image or selection with
					the selected colour.</para></tip>
					<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If time permits, allow students to familiarise
					themselves with GIMP. Ask students to open an image and perform basic
					operations such as cropping the image, inserting text into the image,
					rotating the layer and smudging the image by using the available
					tools.</emphasis></para></instructornote>
					</listitem>
				</orderedlist>
			</para>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>Managing Photos with F-Spot</title>
<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">After a brief explanation of F-Spot and its features, refrain from lengthy explanation of the tasks. Perform a brief demo of the tasks covered in the lesson and ask students to follow.</emphasis></para>
			</instructornote>
			<para>F-Spot is a personal photo management application for the GNOME
			desktop. You can import and view pictures from the hard disk on your computer, digital
			camera or even the ipod. You can attach tags to your photos and categorise them,
			build a photo CD, export photos over the Internet and share them online or perform
			basic colour-correction and editing. F-Spot supports 16 common file types, including
			JPEG, GIF, TIFF and RAW.</para>
			<para>The following graphic shows the elements in the F-Spot interface:</para>
			<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">F-Spot Window </emphasis></title>
				<mediaobject><imageobject>
					<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_020.png" format="PNG" />
				</imageobject></mediaobject>
			</figure>
			<sect2>
				<title>Importing Photos in F-Spot</title>
				<para>After importing the photographs, you can categorise and tag them as you would to create a playlist in a music
				player.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Importing Photographs from the Hard Disk</emphasis></para>
				<para>To import photographs into F-Spot from the hard disk of your computer:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis>
						menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Graphics</emphasis> and click
						<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot Photo Manager</emphasis>. The
						<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window opens.</para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> button
						on the toolbar. The <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box 							opens.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Importing Photos</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_021.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>You can also click <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> on
						the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu to open the 
						<emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box.</para></note>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Import Source</emphasis>
						box, the <emphasis role="strong">Select Folder</emphasis> option is
						selected by default. Retain the option, navigate to the folder that
						contains the photographs and click <emphasis role="strong">Open</emphasis>.
						</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting Photo Import Source</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_022.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Displaying Images to Import</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_023.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem>
						<para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> in the
						<emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Importing Photos</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_024.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<para>The photographs are listed as thumbnails in the
						<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window. Notice that the
						timeline slider is positioned according to the dates on which the
						images were saved on the hard disk of your computer.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Browsing Photos</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_025.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>The photographs listed in the F-Spot window are not associated
						with any category or parent tag.</para></note>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Importing Photographs from a Digital Camera</emphasis></para>
				<para>To import photographs into F-Spot from a digital camera:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> button
						on the toolbar. The <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box 							opens.</para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Import Source</emphasis>
						box. Plug the camera on the computer. F-Spot detects the camera and
						displays the model and type of the camera in the
						<emphasis role="strong">Import Source</emphasis> box.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting Photo Import Source</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_026.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>Click the camera as the source for the photographs. The
						<emphasis role="strong">Select Photos to Copy From Camera</emphasis>
						dialogue box opens, which lists all the photos in the camera. 
						Select the photos you want to import and click 							<emphasis role="strong">Copy</emphasis>.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting Images to Copy</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_027.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>F-Spot copies the photographs to the specified location
						and displays the copied photographs in the right pane of the
						<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window.</para></listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
			<sect2>
				<title>Viewing Photos</title>
				<para>After importing, you can view all the photographs as thumbnails in the
				right pane of the <emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window. You can view
				photographs in F-Spot by:
					<itemizedlist>
						<listitem><para>Double-clicking each thumbnail to enlarge the
						view</para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>Select a thumbnail and click
						<emphasis role="strong">Fullscreen</emphasis> on the toolbar</para>
						</listitem>
					</itemizedlist>
				</para>
				<para>The image opens in fullscreen mode.</para>
				<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Browsing Photos</emphasis></title>
					<mediaobject><imageobject>
						<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_028.png" format="PNG" />
					</imageobject></mediaobject>
				</figure>
				<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Photos in Full Screen Mode</emphasis></title>
					<mediaobject><imageobject>
						<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_029.png" format="PNG" />
					</imageobject></mediaobject>
				</figure>
				<para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Exit fullscreen</emphasis> to return to the
				<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window.</para>
			</sect2>
			<sect2>
				<title>Organising Photos</title>
				<para>By default, F-Spot organises photographs based on the dates in which they
				were saved on the computer. You can view photographs for a specific date and time
				by clicking the corresponding year on the timeline slider or moving the slider
				along the timeline. For example, assume that there are 100 images in the right
				pane, 50 of which were saved in 2004 and 50 in 2007. To view the images for 2004,
				position the slider on the timeline at the 2004 mark.</para>
				<para>To organise the photographs differently, you can attach a tag or a label to
				each photo and categorise them. You can then view photographs based on these
				categories.</para>
				<para>Some categories are already predefined and visible in the left pane of the
				<emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window. You can group your photos under
				these tags.</para>
				<para>To add a tag to a photograph:
					<itemizedlist>
						<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> window,
						right-click a photograph, point to <emphasis role="strong">Attach a
						Tag</emphasis> and click the tag with which you want to associate the
						photograph. The tag is displayed at the bottom of the photograph.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Tagging an Image</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_030.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Tagged Images</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_031.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<para>The tagged image is now displayed under the tagged category.</para>
						</listitem>
					</itemizedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>Drawing with Inkscape</title>
			<para>Inkscape helps you draw illustrations for the Web, graphics for mobile phones,
			simple line drawings, cartoons, complex works of art, figures for chapters and books
			or organization charts.</para>
			<para>Inkscape is a high-end graphic tool with capabilities similar to Illustrator, CorelDraw or Xara
			X. It is multi-platform software that is freely available for the Linux, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X
			operating systems.</para>
			<para>You can use it to rotate, re-size, skew, proportion, fill and stroke objects with a high level of precision. Advanced visual effects such
			as gradient and transparency are also available.</para>
			<para>Inkscape is not part of the default graphics package in Ubuntu however, you
			can install this package from repositories.</para>
			<sect2>
				<title>Installing Inkscape</title>
				<para>There are two ways to install Inkscape. You can install this application
				from the repositories by using Synaptic Package Manager or from the Command Line
				Interface (CLI).</para>
				<note><title>Note:</title>
				<para>Your computer should be connected to the Internet while
				installing the application from the repositories.</para></note>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Installing Inkscape by Using Synaptic Package
				Manager</emphasis></para>
				<para>To install Inkscape by using Synaptic Package Manager:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">System</emphasis> menu,
						point to <emphasis role="strong">Administration</emphasis> and click
						<emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package Manager</emphasis>. The
						<emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package Manager</emphasis> window
						opens.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Launching Synaptic Package Manager</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_032.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic Package
						Manager</emphasis> window, the left pane lists the categories of software
						and the right pane lists the packages in a category. Click
						<emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Find</emphasis>
						dialogue box opens. Type <emphasis role="strong">Inkscape</emphasis> in
						the <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis> field and click
						<emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis>.</para>
			<note><title>Note:</title>
			<para>To view installed and uninstalled packages, click <emphasis role="strong">Status</emphasis>.
			For the source repository of the package, click <emphasis role="strong">Origin</emphasis>.
			Click <emphasis role="strong">Custom Filters</emphasis> to determine
			whether a package is broken or upgradeable. To return to the list of
			categories after searching the packages, click <emphasis role="strong">Sections</emphasis>.</para>
			</note>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Searching Inkscape</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_033.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">Search</emphasis> results are
						displayed in the right pane of the <emphasis role="strong">Synaptic
						Package Manager</emphasis> window. Right-click 
						<emphasis role="strong">Inkscape</emphasis> and select 
						the <emphasis role="strong">Mark for Installation</emphasis>
						check box.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Marking Inkscape for Installation</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_034.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Apply</emphasis> on the 							toolbar to begin the installation process. A 
						<emphasis role="strong">Summary</emphasis> dialogue box is 
						displayed, which prompts you to confirm the changes.
						Click <emphasis role="strong">Apply</emphasis> to proceed with the
						installation.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Confirming Changes</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_035.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>After the installation is complete, click 
						<emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis> in the 
						<emphasis role="strong">Changes applied</emphasis> dialogue box.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Changes Applied Confirmation</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_036.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
				<para>To launch Inkscape, on the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis>
						menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Graphics</emphasis> and click
						<emphasis role="strong">Inkscape Vector illustrator</emphasis>.</para>
					</sect2>
			<sect2>
				<title>Creating Vector Graphic Images Using InkScape</title>
				<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">To utilise the full potential of this application requires some  hands-on experience on similar applications. This topic introduces students to Inkscape and covers the basic concepts. To engage students with some prior experience, use an example from the help manual and make them perform the steps given in the manual.</emphasis></para>
				</instructornote>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Page:</emphasis> This area enables you to specify
				various options for the output. For example, you can specify the Page dimensions
				for printing on A4 size paper. The Page adjusts accordingly and you can adjust
				the proportion the drawing relative to the Page.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Menu Bar:</emphasis> This toolbar provides menus
				such as file save and zoom. You can perform all operations in Inkscape by using
				the options listed on these menus.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Command Bar:</emphasis> This toolbar provides
				shortcuts to major operations on the menu bar.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Drawing Toolbar:</emphasis> This toolbar provides
				options to perform drawing operations. You can create basic shapes such as a
				rectangle, a square or an ellipse.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Tools Control Bar:</emphasis> This toolbar provides
				options specific to a tool on the Drawing toolbar. For example, if you select the
				polygon tool from the Drawing toolbar, the Tools Control Bar displays options to
				set the corners in the polygon.</para>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Status Bar:</emphasis> This toolbar indicates the
				status of objects such as dimensions and layers. For example, when you roll the
				mouse over the window, the Status Bar indicates the position of the cursor
				relative to the window.</para>
				<note><title>Note:</title>
				<para>Vector drawing software uses standard notation to refer to shapes
				such as simple lines, rectangles and complicated shapes as objects.</para></note>
				<para><emphasis role="strong">Creating and Saving Objects</emphasis></para>
				<para>Creating a new object in Inkscape requires extensive use of the Drawing
				toolbar. However, the options in this toolbar help you to create basic shapes.
				To create complex objects, you need to further edit, combine and manipulate
				these shapes.</para>
				<para>To create an object by using the Drawing toolbar:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>Click the object button associated with the shape you
						want to draw. Point anywhere in the page where you want to start drawing
						the object.</para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>Drag the cursor to the desired size of the object. The
						object is displayed in the page.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Drawing an Object</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_038.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<para>The Tools Control Bar displays options to create the object.
						For example, if you are creating a rectangle, the toolbar provides the
						option to specify the height and the width of the rectangle.</para>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>After creating the shape, click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis>
						on the Command Bar. The <emphasis role="strong">Select file to Save to</emphasis>
						dialogue box is displayed. Type the name of the file in the
						<emphasis role="strong">Name</emphasis> text box, specify the location
						where you want to save the file and click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis>.
						</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Saving an Object</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_039.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>Inkscape saves images as vector graphics. You can resize a
						vector image without affecting the resolution of the image.</para></note>
						</listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>Using a Scanner</title>
			<para>Scanning an object in Ubuntu is simple. If you have a USB scanner, plug the
			scanner directly into your computer. Most plug-and-play devices are compatible with
			Ubuntu, if however, the computer fails to detect the scanner, you need to check compatibility.</para>
			<sect2>
				<title>Checking Scanner Compatibility</title>
				<para>You can check the compatibility of your scanner with Ubuntu in one of two
				ways:
					<itemizedlist>
						<listitem><para>Visit this Web site for the list of scanners and drivers
						compatible with Ubuntu:
						<ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsScanners">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsScanners</ulink></para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>Check the status of your scanner at the following Web site:
						<ulink url="http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html">http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html</ulink>.
						This site lists the drivers distributed with sane-backends-1.0.18 and
						supported hardware and software.</para></listitem>
					</itemizedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
			<sect2>
				<title>Scanning an Image</title>
				<para>You can scan an image by using the scanner interface or the scanning
				application XSane, which is available in Ubuntu.</para>
				<para>To scan an image by using XSane:
					<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
						<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Applications</emphasis>
						menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Graphics</emphasis> and click
						<emphasis role="strong">XSane Image Scanner</emphasis>. XSane automatically
						searches for a scanner attached to the computer. After your computer
						detects the scanner, the <emphasis role="strong">XSane Options</emphasis>
						dialogue box is displayed.</para></listitem>
						<listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">XSane Options</emphasis>
						dialogue box provides options to modify the default settings of the
						output. You can specify the number of copies to be scanned, the name
						of the output file, the output file type, and colour and contrast
						options. After you specify the properties of the output file, place the
						object on the scanner and click Scan to begin scanning the object.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Using XSane</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_040.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>After the object is scanned, a viewer window displays the
						output.</para>
						<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Viewing Scanned Output</emphasis></title>
							<mediaobject><imageobject>
								<imagedata fileref="images/Lesson08_images_041.png" format="PNG" />
							</imageobject></mediaobject>
						</figure>
						<note><title>Note:</title>
						<para>Before beginning the scanning operation, check the compatibility
						of your scanner with Ubuntu. Sometimes, Ubuntu detects the scanner as
						hardware but fails to scan if the required driver is missing.</para>
						</note>
						</listitem>
						<listitem><para>Continue to scan other images or close the
						<emphasis role="strong">XSane Options</emphasis> dialogue box to exit
						the application.</para></listitem>
					</orderedlist>
				</para>
			</sect2>
		</sect1>
		<sect1>
			<title>Lesson Summary</title>
			<para>In this lesson, you learned how to:
				<itemizedlist>
					<listitem><para>View and organise your photo collection by using the
					default Ubuntu graphic applications:</para>
						<itemizedlist>
							<listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">gThumb Image Viewer</emphasis>
							enables you to import pictures, create a photo CD, display photos as
							a slide show and create albums of your photo collection for the
							Web.</para></listitem>
							<listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis> enables you
							to tag, categorize and export your images to the Web.</para></listitem>
						</itemizedlist>
					</listitem>
					<listitem><para>Use GIMP for advanced image manipulation and
					creation.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Create graphics in the SVG format by using the
					Inkscape vector graphics editor.</para></listitem>		
					<listitem><para>Scan your images and save them in various formats by
					using XSane Image Scanner.</para></listitem>			
				</itemizedlist>
			</para>
		</sect1>
		    <questions>
		<sect1>
			<title>Review Exercise</title>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 1</emphasis></para>
			<para>Which of the default graphics applications provides the option to display only a
			category of images from a randomly stored pool of images? (Choose two).</para>
			<para>a) Inkscape</para>
			<para>b) gThumb</para>
			<para>c) F-Spot</para>
			<para>d) Xsane</para>
			<para>e) GIMP</para>
			<answer>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 1</emphasis></para>
			<para>b) gThumb and c) F-Spot</para>
			</answer>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 2</emphasis></para>
			<para>Which default graphics application in Ubuntu facilitates photo sharing over
			the Internet?</para>
			<answer>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 2</emphasis></para>
			<para>The F-Spot Photo Manager</para>
			</answer>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 3</emphasis></para>
			<para>Is there any additional software required to import images from a digital
			camera?</para>
			<answer>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 3</emphasis></para>
			<para>No, Ubuntu automatically identifies plug-and-play devices. F-Spot or gThumb
			identify the connected device and enable you to import images directly from the
			application interface.</para>
			</answer>
		</sect1>
		    </questions>
		<sect1>
			<title>Lab Exercise</title>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 1: Creating a Web Album by using
			gThumb</emphasis></para>
			<para>You have just returned from a vacation with your friends. You decide to write
			about this experience on your blog and post some photographs of the trip. However,
			uploading images one by one to the Web site involves a lot of effort and time. You
			want to find a more convenient way to do this.</para>
			<para>To perform the required task:
				<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
					<listitem><para>Launch <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis>. The
					<emphasis role="strong">Desktop/Images</emphasis> window is
					displayed.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Images</emphasis> on the left
					navigation bar and navigate to the folder in which the images are stored.
					Click <emphasis role="strong">Open</emphasis>. The workspace displays all the
					images available in the folder.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Select the images you want to include in the Web
					album.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Tools</emphasis> menu, click
					<emphasis role="strong">Create Web Album</emphasis>. The
					<emphasis role="strong">Web Album</emphasis> window <emphasis role="strong">is</emphasis>
					displayed.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Web Album</emphasis> window,
					enter the required information, including the destination folder, the index
					file, the index page layout and the album style. Click
					<emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis>.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>The gThumb software creates the album and saves it at the
					specified location. Now, you can upload the Web album to a Web
					server.</para></listitem>
				</orderedlist>
			</para>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 2: Exporting Images to the Web by using
			F-Spot</emphasis></para>
			<para>You now want to share the photographs you
			uploaded only with friends. You also want to retain the photographs for a
			longer period than is typically permitted by Web hosting sites. How can you do
			this?</para>
			<para>To perform the required task:
				<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
					<listitem><para>Launch <emphasis role="strong">F-Spot</emphasis>.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> button
					on the toolbar. The <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis>
					dialogue box is displayed.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box, 
					click <emphasis role="strong">Select Folder</emphasis> from the
					<emphasis role="strong">Import Source</emphasis> box. Navigate to the source
					folder and click <emphasis role="strong">Open</emphasis>. The images are
					displayed.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis>
					in the <emphasis role="strong">Import</emphasis> dialogue box.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Select the images you want to export.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, point to
					<emphasis role="strong">Export</emphasis> and click the destination.</para>
					<note><title>Note:</title>
					<para>To export images to the Web, you need to have an active account
					with the target Web site.</para></note>
					</listitem>
				</orderedlist>
			</para>
			<para><emphasis role="strong">Exercise 3: Removing Red Eye from an
			Image</emphasis></para>
			<para>You took photographs at your recent birthday party but some of the people have red eye
			marks which need to be removed.</para>
			<para>To perform the required task:
				<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
					<listitem><para>Launch <emphasis role="strong">gThumb</emphasis> and import
					the affected images.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Double-click an image with a red eye mark.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">Image</emphasis> menu, click
					<emphasis role="strong">Redeye Removal</emphasis>. The
					<emphasis role="strong">Red-Eye Removal</emphasis> dialogue box is
					displayed.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>In the <emphasis role="strong">Red-Eye Removal</emphasis>
					dialogue box, click on or near the red eye. This replaces the red eye with black
					colour.</para></listitem>
					<listitem><para>Click <emphasis role="strong">Undo</emphasis> if you are not
					happy with the result. Save the edited version of the image.</para></listitem>
				</orderedlist>
			</para>
		</sect1>
</chapter>