~romaimperator/keryx/devel

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
#   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
#   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
#   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
#   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
#   This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
#   Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
#   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
#   License along with this library; if not, write to the 
#      Free Software Foundation, Inc., 
#      59 Temple Place, Suite 330, 
#      Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

# This file is part of urlgrabber, a high-level cross-protocol url-grabber
# Copyright 2002-2004 Michael D. Stenner, Ryan Tomayko

"""Module for downloading files from a pool of mirrors

DESCRIPTION

  This module provides support for downloading files from a pool of
  mirrors with configurable failover policies.  To a large extent, the
  failover policy is chosen by using different classes derived from
  the main class, MirrorGroup.

  Instances of MirrorGroup (and cousins) act very much like URLGrabber
  instances in that they have urlread, urlgrab, and urlopen methods.
  They can therefore, be used in very similar ways.

    from urlgrabber.grabber import URLGrabber
    from urlgrabber.mirror import MirrorGroup
    gr = URLGrabber()
    mg = MirrorGroup(gr, ['http://foo.com/some/directory/',
                          'http://bar.org/maybe/somewhere/else/',
                          'ftp://baz.net/some/other/place/entirely/']
    mg.urlgrab('relative/path.zip')

  The assumption is that all mirrors are identical AFTER the base urls
  specified, so that any mirror can be used to fetch any file.

FAILOVER

  The failover mechanism is designed to be customized by subclassing
  from MirrorGroup to change the details of the behavior.  In general,
  the classes maintain a master mirror list and a "current mirror"
  index.  When a download is initiated, a copy of this list and index
  is created for that download only.  The specific failover policy
  depends on the class used, and so is documented in the class
  documentation.  Note that ANY behavior of the class can be
  overridden, so any failover policy at all is possible (although
  you may need to change the interface in extreme cases).

CUSTOMIZATION

  Most customization of a MirrorGroup object is done at instantiation
  time (or via subclassing).  There are four major types of
  customization:

    1) Pass in a custom urlgrabber - The passed in urlgrabber will be
       used (by default... see #2) for the grabs, so options to it
       apply for the url-fetching

    2) Custom mirror list - Mirror lists can simply be a list of
       stings mirrors (as shown in the example above) but each can
       also be a dict, allowing for more options.  For example, the
       first mirror in the list above could also have been:

         {'mirror': 'http://foo.com/some/directory/',
          'grabber': <a custom grabber to be used for this mirror>,
          'kwargs': { <a dict of arguments passed to the grabber> }}

       All mirrors are converted to this format internally.  If
       'grabber' is omitted, the default grabber will be used.  If
       kwargs are omitted, then (duh) they will not be used.

    3) Pass keyword arguments when instantiating the mirror group.
       See, for example, the failure_callback argument.

    4) Finally, any kwargs passed in for the specific file (to the
       urlgrab method, for example) will be folded in.  The options
       passed into the grabber's urlXXX methods will override any
       options specified in a custom mirror dict.

"""

# $Id: mirror.py,v 1.14 2006/02/22 18:26:46 mstenner Exp $

import random
import thread  # needed for locking to make this threadsafe

from grabber import URLGrabError, CallbackObject, DEBUG

try:
    from i18n import _
except ImportError, msg:
    def _(st): return st

class GrabRequest:
    """This is a dummy class used to hold information about the specific
    request.  For example, a single file.  By maintaining this information
    separately, we can accomplish two things:

      1) make it a little easier to be threadsafe
      2) have request-specific parameters
    """
    pass

class MirrorGroup:
    """Base Mirror class

    Instances of this class are built with a grabber object and a list
    of mirrors.  Then all calls to urlXXX should be passed relative urls.
    The requested file will be searched for on the first mirror.  If the
    grabber raises an exception (possibly after some retries) then that
    mirror will be removed from the list, and the next will be attempted.
    If all mirrors are exhausted, then an exception will be raised.

    MirrorGroup has the following failover policy:

      * downloads begin with the first mirror

      * by default (see default_action below) a failure (after retries)
        causes it to increment the local AND master indices.  Also,
        the current mirror is removed from the local list (but NOT the
        master list - the mirror can potentially be used for other
        files)

      * if the local list is ever exhausted, a URLGrabError will be
        raised (errno=256, no more mirrors)

    OPTIONS

      In addition to the required arguments "grabber" and "mirrors",
      MirrorGroup also takes the following optional arguments:
      
      default_action

        A dict that describes the actions to be taken upon failure
        (after retries).  default_action can contain any of the
        following keys (shown here with their default values):

          default_action = {'increment': 1,
                            'increment_master': 1,
                            'remove': 1,
                            'remove_master': 0,
                            'fail': 0}

        In this context, 'increment' means "use the next mirror" and
        'remove' means "never use this mirror again".  The two
        'master' values refer to the instance-level mirror list (used
        for all files), whereas the non-master values refer to the
        current download only.

        The 'fail' option will cause immediate failure by re-raising
        the exception and no further attempts to get the current
        download.

        This dict can be set at instantiation time,
          mg = MirrorGroup(grabber, mirrors, default_action={'fail':1})
        at method-execution time (only applies to current fetch),
          filename = mg.urlgrab(url, default_action={'increment': 0})
        or by returning an action dict from the failure_callback
          return {'fail':0}
        in increasing precedence.
        
        If all three of these were done, the net result would be:
              {'increment': 0,         # set in method
               'increment_master': 1,  # class default
               'remove': 1,            # class default
               'remove_master': 0,     # class default
               'fail': 0}              # set at instantiation, reset
                                       # from callback

      failure_callback

        this is a callback that will be called when a mirror "fails",
        meaning the grabber raises some URLGrabError.  If this is a
        tuple, it is interpreted to be of the form (cb, args, kwargs)
        where cb is the actual callable object (function, method,
        etc).  Otherwise, it is assumed to be the callable object
        itself.  The callback will be passed a grabber.CallbackObject
        instance along with args and kwargs (if present).  The following
        attributes are defined withing the instance:

           obj.exception    = < exception that was raised >
           obj.mirror       = < the mirror that was tried >
           obj.relative_url = < url relative to the mirror >
           obj.url          = < full url that failed >
                              # .url is just the combination of .mirror
                              # and .relative_url

        The failure callback can return an action dict, as described
        above.

        Like default_action, the failure_callback can be set at
        instantiation time or when the urlXXX method is called.  In
        the latter case, it applies only for that fetch.

        The callback can re-raise the exception quite easily.  For
        example, this is a perfectly adequate callback function:

          def callback(obj): raise obj.exception

        WARNING: do not save the exception object (or the
        CallbackObject instance).  As they contain stack frame
        references, they can lead to circular references.

    Notes:
      * The behavior can be customized by deriving and overriding the
        'CONFIGURATION METHODS'
      * The 'grabber' instance is kept as a reference, not copied.
        Therefore, the grabber instance can be modified externally
        and changes will take effect immediately.
    """

    # notes on thread-safety:

    #   A GrabRequest should never be shared by multiple threads because
    #   it's never saved inside the MG object and never returned outside it.
    #   therefore, it should be safe to access/modify grabrequest data
    #   without a lock.  However, accessing the mirrors and _next attributes
    #   of the MG itself must be done when locked to prevent (for example)
    #   removal of the wrong mirror.

    ##############################################################
    #  CONFIGURATION METHODS  -  intended to be overridden to
    #                            customize behavior
    def __init__(self, grabber, mirrors, **kwargs):
        """Initialize the MirrorGroup object.

        REQUIRED ARGUMENTS

          grabber  - URLGrabber instance
          mirrors  - a list of mirrors

        OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS

          failure_callback  - callback to be used when a mirror fails
          default_action    - dict of failure actions

        See the module-level and class level documentation for more
        details.
        """

        # OVERRIDE IDEAS:
        #   shuffle the list to randomize order
        self.grabber = grabber
        self.mirrors = self._parse_mirrors(mirrors)
        self._next = 0
        self._lock = thread.allocate_lock()
        self.default_action = None
        self._process_kwargs(kwargs)

    # if these values are found in **kwargs passed to one of the urlXXX
    # methods, they will be stripped before getting passed on to the
    # grabber
    options = ['default_action', 'failure_callback']
    
    def _process_kwargs(self, kwargs):
        self.failure_callback = kwargs.get('failure_callback')
        self.default_action   = kwargs.get('default_action')
       
    def _parse_mirrors(self, mirrors):
        parsed_mirrors = []
        for m in mirrors:
            if type(m) == type(''): m = {'mirror': m}
            parsed_mirrors.append(m)
        return parsed_mirrors
    
    def _load_gr(self, gr):
        # OVERRIDE IDEAS:
        #   shuffle gr list
        self._lock.acquire()
        gr.mirrors = list(self.mirrors)
        gr._next = self._next
        self._lock.release()

    def _get_mirror(self, gr):
        # OVERRIDE IDEAS:
        #   return a random mirror so that multiple mirrors get used
        #   even without failures.
        if not gr.mirrors:
            raise URLGrabError(256, _('No more mirrors to try.'))
        return gr.mirrors[gr._next]

    def _failure(self, gr, cb_obj):
        # OVERRIDE IDEAS:
        #   inspect the error - remove=1 for 404, remove=2 for connection
        #                       refused, etc. (this can also be done via
        #                       the callback)
        cb = gr.kw.get('failure_callback') or self.failure_callback
        if cb:
            if type(cb) == type( () ):
                cb, args, kwargs = cb
            else:
                args, kwargs = (), {}
            action = cb(cb_obj, *args, **kwargs) or {}
        else:
            action = {}
        # XXXX - decide - there are two ways to do this
        # the first is action-overriding as a whole - use the entire action
        # or fall back on module level defaults
        #action = action or gr.kw.get('default_action') or self.default_action
        # the other is to fall through for each element in the action dict
        a = dict(self.default_action or {})
        a.update(gr.kw.get('default_action', {}))
        a.update(action)
        action = a
        self.increment_mirror(gr, action)
        if action and action.get('fail', 0): raise

    def increment_mirror(self, gr, action={}):
        """Tell the mirror object increment the mirror index

        This increments the mirror index, which amounts to telling the
        mirror object to use a different mirror (for this and future
        downloads).

        This is a SEMI-public method.  It will be called internally,
        and you may never need to call it.  However, it is provided
        (and is made public) so that the calling program can increment
        the mirror choice for methods like urlopen.  For example, with
        urlopen, there's no good way for the mirror group to know that
        an error occurs mid-download (it's already returned and given
        you the file object).
        
        remove  ---  can have several values
           0   do not remove the mirror from the list
           1   remove the mirror for this download only
           2   remove the mirror permanently

        beware of remove=0 as it can lead to infinite loops
        """
        badmirror = gr.mirrors[gr._next]

        self._lock.acquire()
        try:
            ind = self.mirrors.index(badmirror)
        except ValueError:
            pass
        else:
            if action.get('remove_master', 0):
                del self.mirrors[ind]
            elif self._next == ind and action.get('increment_master', 1):
                self._next += 1
            if self._next >= len(self.mirrors): self._next = 0
        self._lock.release()
        
        if action.get('remove', 1):
            del gr.mirrors[gr._next]
        elif action.get('increment', 1):
            gr._next += 1
        if gr._next >= len(gr.mirrors): gr._next = 0

        if DEBUG:
            grm = [m['mirror'] for m in gr.mirrors]
            DEBUG.info('GR   mirrors: [%s] %i', ' '.join(grm), gr._next)
            selfm = [m['mirror'] for m in self.mirrors]
            DEBUG.info('MAIN mirrors: [%s] %i', ' '.join(selfm), self._next)

    #####################################################################
    # NON-CONFIGURATION METHODS
    # these methods are designed to be largely workhorse methods that
    # are not intended to be overridden.  That doesn't mean you can't;
    # if you want to, feel free, but most things can be done by
    # by overriding the configuration methods :)

    def _join_url(self, base_url, rel_url):
        if base_url.endswith('/') or rel_url.startswith('/'):
            return base_url + rel_url
        else:
            return base_url + '/' + rel_url
        
    def _mirror_try(self, func, url, kw):
        gr = GrabRequest()
        gr.func = func
        gr.url  = url
        gr.kw   = dict(kw)
        self._load_gr(gr)

        for k in self.options:
            try: del kw[k]
            except KeyError: pass

        while 1:
            mirrorchoice = self._get_mirror(gr)
            fullurl = self._join_url(mirrorchoice['mirror'], gr.url)
            kwargs = dict(mirrorchoice.get('kwargs', {}))
            kwargs.update(kw)
            grabber = mirrorchoice.get('grabber') or self.grabber
            func_ref = getattr(grabber, func)
            if DEBUG: DEBUG.info('MIRROR: trying %s -> %s', url, fullurl)
            try:
                return func_ref( *(fullurl,), **kwargs )
            except URLGrabError, e:
                if DEBUG: DEBUG.info('MIRROR: failed')
                obj = CallbackObject()
                obj.exception = e
                obj.mirror = mirrorchoice['mirror']
                obj.relative_url = gr.url
                obj.url = fullurl
                self._failure(gr, obj)

    def urlgrab(self, url, filename=None, **kwargs):
        kw = dict(kwargs)
        kw['filename'] = filename
        func = 'urlgrab'
        return self._mirror_try(func, url, kw)
    
    def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
        kw = dict(kwargs)
        func = 'urlopen'
        return self._mirror_try(func, url, kw)

    def urlread(self, url, limit=None, **kwargs):
        kw = dict(kwargs)
        kw['limit'] = limit
        func = 'urlread'
        return self._mirror_try(func, url, kw)
            

class MGRandomStart(MirrorGroup):
    """A mirror group that starts at a random mirror in the list.

    This behavior of this class is identical to MirrorGroup, except that
    it starts at a random location in the mirror list.
    """

    def __init__(self, grabber, mirrors, **kwargs):
        """Initialize the object

        The arguments for intialization are the same as for MirrorGroup
        """
        MirrorGroup.__init__(self, grabber, mirrors, **kwargs)
        self._next = random.randrange(len(mirrors))

class MGRandomOrder(MirrorGroup):
    """A mirror group that uses mirrors in a random order.

    This behavior of this class is identical to MirrorGroup, except that
    it uses the mirrors in a random order.  Note that the order is set at
    initialization time and fixed thereafter.  That is, it does not pick a
    random mirror after each failure.
    """

    def __init__(self, grabber, mirrors, **kwargs):
        """Initialize the object

        The arguments for intialization are the same as for MirrorGroup
        """
        MirrorGroup.__init__(self, grabber, mirrors, **kwargs)
        random.shuffle(self.mirrors)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pass