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|
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=68">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums2 "http://kubuntuforums.net">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "http://www.ubuntu.com/wiki/Kubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel kubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://wiki.kubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">
<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel xubuntu">
<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=306&slide=1">
<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
<!ENTITY Breton "br">
<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
<!ENTITY Czech "cs">
<!ENTITY Welsh "cy">
<!ENTITY Danish "da">
<!ENTITY German "de">
<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
<!ENTITY Greek "el">
<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
<!ENTITY Fiji "fj">
<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
<!ENTITY French "fr">
<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
<!ENTITY Irish "ga">
<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
<!ENTITY Hausa "ha">
<!ENTITY Hindi "hi">
<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
<!ENTITY Italian "it">
<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
<!ENTITY Latin "la">
<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
<!ENTITY Maori "mi">
<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
<!ENTITY Malay "ms">
<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
<!ENTITY Nauru "na">
<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
<!ENTITY Dutch "nl">
<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
<!ENTITY Afan "om">
<!ENTITY Oromo "om">
<!ENTITY Oriya "or">
<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
<!ENTITY Shona "sn">
<!ENTITY Somali "so">
<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
<!ENTITY Tamil "ta">
<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
<!ENTITY Tajik "tg">
<!ENTITY Thai "th">
<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
<!ENTITY Tonga "to">
<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
<!ENTITY Tatar "tt">
<!ENTITY Twi "tw">
<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
<!ENTITY Urdu "ur">
<!ENTITY Uzbek "uz">
<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
<!ENTITY Wolof "wo">
<!ENTITY Xhosa "xh">
<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
<!ENTITY Zulu "zu">
<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
<!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../common/C/legalnotice.xml">
<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
<!ENTITY % kde SYSTEM "../../libs/kde.ent">
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY kuserguide-rev "Dapper Drake">
<!ENTITY kquickguide-rev "Dapper Drake">
<!ENTITY kadminguide-rev "Dapper Drake">
<!ENTITY kde-version "3.5.2">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://kubuntu.org/support.php">
<!ENTITY adept "Adept">
<!ENTITY appshort "<application>Adept</application>">
<!ENTITY different-user "kdesu">
<!ENTITY % kde-general SYSTEM "/usr/share/apps/ksgmltools2/customization/obsolete/general.entities">
<!--
KDE general entities for DocBook as used in the KDE documentation
Copyright (C) 2002 Frederik Fouvry
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
Send suggestions, comments, etc. to the KDE docbook list
<kde-docbook@kde.org>.
USAGE
Refer to this file as
"-//KDE//ENTITIES DocBook XML General Entity Declarations V1.1//EN"
This file contains what dbgenent.mod should contain and is read
after all other files just like dbgenent.mod should be.
--><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- Extensions to the DocBook DTD --><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- E.g. KDE specific entities (see also dbgenent.mod for this) --><!-- Legal texts we put in a specific place
so that we don't need to cut'n'paste them to every doc
--><!ENTITY GPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA SGML>
<!ENTITY GPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA linespecific>
<!ENTITY GPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/gpl-notice.docbook">
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML (why?) --><!ENTITY LGPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA SGML>
<!ENTITY LGPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA linespecific>
<!ENTITY LGPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/lgpl-notice.docbook">
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML --><!ENTITY FDL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA SGML>
<!ENTITY FDL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA linespecific>
<!-- FDLNotice is defined in lang.entities (why?) --><!-- KDE index generation
Set addindex to IGNORE to stop index generation
Indices are generated on the fly, so no intermediate file is needed
--><!ENTITY % addindex "INCLUDE">
<!ENTITY documentation.index "<index></index>">
<!--ENTITY kapp "(Oops - someone forgot to fill in the application name here)" --><!-- Entities to fill in slots in docbook version of FDL notice --><!ENTITY % FDLIS "IGNORE">
<!ENTITY % FDLFCT "IGNORE">
<!ENTITY % FDLBCT "IGNORE">
<!-- These are the language-independent entities. They can be (more
or less) freely extended. Keep this list sorted and sensible.
Make sure you always add full markup to the text.
Naming policy: name the entity like you would see the text
(inclusive case). KDE entities are always lowercased. Spaces
are omitted. Examples: Qt (for "Qt"), RedHat (for "Red Hat"),
kfloppy (for "KFloppy") . (Entity names cannot start with digits,
in that case, use the written form for the first digit.)
DO NOT JUST RENAME ENTITIES! That implies removal of an existing
entity and that may change the validity of documents, which must
not happen. Place the name you wish to remove in the list of
obsolete entities (depending on the case, the expansion is
redefined or kept as it was); the new name goes in the official list.
A later version of the DTD (with another version number!) will
effectively remove these entities. In that way, old documents
remain valid, while new ones can only use the new declarations.
--><!ENTITY AIX "<trademark class='registered'>AIX</trademark>">
<!ENTITY aktion "<application>aKtion</application>">
<!ENTITY amor "<application>AMOR</application>">
<!ENTITY ark "<application>Ark</application>">
<!ENTITY arts "<application>aRts</application>">
<!ENTITY arts-builder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
<!ENTITY artscontrol "<application>artscontrol</application>">
<!ENTITY artsd "<application>artsd</application>">
<!ENTITY artsdsp "<application>artsdsp</application>">
<!ENTITY artsserver "<application>artsserver</application>">
<!ENTITY artsshell "<application>artsshell</application>">
<!ENTITY artswrapper "<application>artswrapper</application>">
<!ENTITY ATAPI "<acronym>ATAPI</acronym>">
<!ENTITY atlantik "<application>Atlantik</application>">
<!ENTITY brahms "<application>Brahms</application>">
<!ENTITY catalogmanager "<application>Catalog Manager</application>">
<!ENTITY CD "<acronym>CD</acronym>">
<!ENTITY CDE "<acronym>CDE</acronym>">
<!ENTITY CD-ROM "<acronym>CD-ROM</acronym>">
<!ENTITY cervisia "<application>Cervisia</application>">
<!ENTITY CSS "<trademark>CSS</trademark>">
<!ENTITY CUPS "<acronym>CUPS</acronym>">
<!ENTITY drkonqi "<application>DrKonqi</application>">
<!ENTITY DCOP "<acronym>DCOP</acronym>">
<!ENTITY DVI "<acronym>DVI</acronym>">
<!ENTITY ELF "<acronym>ELF</acronym>">
<!ENTITY Emacs "<application>Emacs</application>">
<!ENTITY flashkard "<application>FlashKard</application>">
<!ENTITY FTP "<acronym>FTP</acronym>">
<!ENTITY gcc "<command>gcc</command>">
<!ENTITY GIF "<acronym>GIF</acronym>">
<!ENTITY GMT "<acronym>GMT</acronym>">
<!ENTITY GNU "<acronym>GNU</acronym>">
<!ENTITY GUI "<acronym>GUI</acronym>">
<!ENTITY Handspring "<trademark>Handspring</trademark>">
<!ENTITY Hewlett-Packard '<trademark class="registered">Hewlett-Packard</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY HotSync '<trademark class="registered">HotSync</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY HP '<trademark class="registered">HP</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY HP-UX '<trademark class="registered">HP-UX</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY HTTP "<acronym>HTTP</acronym>">
<!ENTITY IRIX '<trademark class="registered">IRIX</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY Java "<trademark>Java</trademark>">
<!ENTITY Jini "<trademark>Jini</trademark>">
<!ENTITY kab2 "<application>Kab2</application>">
<!ENTITY kenolaba "<application>Kenolaba</application>">
<!ENTITY kaboodle "<application>Kaboodle</application>">
<!ENTITY kaddressbook "<application>KAddressBook</application>">
<!ENTITY kalarm "<application>KAlarm</application>">
<!ENTITY kalarmd "<application>KAlarmd</application>">
<!ENTITY kalzium "<application>Kalzium</application>">
<!ENTITY kamera "<application>Kamera</application>">
<!ENTITY kandy "<application>Kandy</application>">
<!ENTITY kappfinder "<application>Kappfinder</application>">
<!ENTITY kaphorism "<application>KAphorism</application>">
<!ENTITY karm "<application>KArm</application>">
<!ENTITY kasteroids "<application>KAsteroids</application>">
<!ENTITY kate "<application>Kate</application>">
<!ENTITY katomic "<application>KAtomic</application>">
<!ENTITY kbabel "<application>KBabel</application>">
<!ENTITY kbabeldict "<application>KBabelDict</application>">
<!ENTITY kbackgammon "<application>KBackgammon</application>">
<!ENTITY kbattleship "<application>KBattleship</application>">
<!ENTITY kbiff "<application>KBiff</application>">
<!ENTITY kblackbox "<application>KBlackbox</application>">
<!ENTITY kbounce "<application>KBounce</application>">
<!ENTITY kbugbuster "<application>kbugbuster</application>">
<!ENTITY kcalc "<application>KCalc</application>">
<!ENTITY kcharselect "<application>KCharSelect</application>">
<!ENTITY kchart "<application>KChart</application>">
<!ENTITY kchat "<application>KChat</application>">
<!ENTITY kcontrol "<application>KControl</application>">
<!ENTITY kcron "<application>KCron</application>">
<!ENTITY kdat "<application>KDat</application>">
<!ENTITY kdebugdialog "<application>KDebugDialog</application>">
<!ENTITY kde-http '<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">http://www.kde.org/</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY kde-ftp '<ulink url="ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/">ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY kdepasswd "<application>kdepasswd</application>">
<!ENTITY kdesktop "<application>KDesktop</application>">
<!ENTITY kdessh "<application>kdessh</application>">
<!ENTITY kdesu "<application>KDE su</application>">
<!ENTITY kdiskfree "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
<!ENTITY kdict "<application>KDict</application>">
<!ENTITY kdm "<application>kdm</application>">
<!ENTITY kdvi "<application>KDVI</application>">
<!ENTITY kedit "<application>KEdit</application>">
<!ENTITY keduca "<application>KEduca</application>">
<!ENTITY keystone "<application>Keystone</application>">
<!ENTITY kfax "<application>KFax</application>">
<!ENTITY kfaxview "<application>Kfaxview</application>">
<!ENTITY kfind "<application>KFind</application>">
<!ENTITY kfloppy "<application>Kfloppy</application>">
<!ENTITY kformula "<application>KFormula</application>">
<!ENTITY kfouleggs "<application>KFoulEggs</application>">
<!ENTITY kfract "<application>KFract</application>">
<!ENTITY khangman "<application>KHangMan</application>">
<!ENTITY kgeo "<application>KGeo</application>">
<!ENTITY kghostview "<application>KGhostView</application>">
<!ENTITY khelpcenter "<application>KHelpCenter</application>">
<!ENTITY khexedit "<application>KHexEdit</application>">
<!ENTITY kicker "<application>Kicker</application>">
<!ENTITY kiconedit "<application>KIconEdit</application>">
<!ENTITY kikbd "<application>kikbd</application>">
<!ENTITY kit "<application>Kit</application>">
<!ENTITY kiten "<application>Kiten</application>">
<!ENTITY kivio "<application>Kivio</application>">
<!ENTITY kjots "<application>KJots</application>">
<!ENTITY kjumpingcube "<application>KJumpingCube</application>">
<!ENTITY klaptop "<application>KLaptop</application>">
<!ENTITY klatin "<application>KLatin</application>">
<!ENTITY klettres "<application>KLettres</application>">
<!ENTITY kolorlines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
<!ENTITY klipper "<application>Klipper</application>">
<!ENTITY kljettool "<application>KLjettool</application>">
<!ENTITY klpq "<application>Klpq</application>">
<!ENTITY klprfax "<application>Klprfax</application>">
<!ENTITY kmahjongg "<application>KMahjongg</application>">
<!ENTITY kmail "<application>KMail</application>">
<!ENTITY kmathtool "<application>KMathTool</application>">
<!ENTITY kmenuedit "<application>kmenuedit</application>">
<!ENTITY kmessedwords "<application>KMessedWords</application>">
<!ENTITY kmid "<application>KMid</application>">
<!ENTITY kmidi "<application>KMidi</application>">
<!ENTITY kmines "<application>KMines</application>">
<!ENTITY kmix "<application>KMix</application>">
<!ENTITY kmplot "<application>KmPlot</application>">
<!ENTITY knewsticker "<application>KNewsTicker</application>">
<!ENTITY knode "<application>KNode</application>">
<!ENTITY knotes "<application>KNotes</application>">
<!ENTITY knorskverbs "<application>KNorskVerbs</application>">
<!ENTITY kodometer "<application>KOdometer</application>">
<!ENTITY koffice "<application>KOffice</application>">
<!ENTITY kolf "<application>Kolf</application>">
<!ENTITY kompare "<application>Kompare</application>">
<!ENTITY koncd "<application>KOnCD</application>">
<!ENTITY konqueror "<application>Konqueror</application>">
<!ENTITY konquest "<application>Konquest</application>">
<!ENTITY konsole "<application>Konsole</application>">
<!ENTITY kontour "<application>Kontour</application>">
<!ENTITY kooka "<application>Kooka</application>">
<!ENTITY korganizer "<application>KOrganizer</application>">
<!ENTITY korn "<application>KOrn</application>">
<!ENTITY koshell "<application>KOShell</application>">
<!ENTITY kotalkd "<application>KOTalkd</application>">
<!ENTITY kpackage "<application>KPackage</application>">
<!ENTITY kpager "<application>KPager</application>">
<!ENTITY kpaint "<application>KPaint</application>">
<!ENTITY kpanel "<application>KPanel</application>">
<!ENTITY kpatience "<application>KPatience</application>">
<!ENTITY kpercentage "<application>KPercentage</application>">
<!ENTITY kpilot "<application>KPilot</application>">
<!ENTITY kpf "<application>kpf</application>">
<!ENTITY kpm "<application>Kpm</application>">
<!ENTITY kpresenter "<application>KPresenter</application>">
<!ENTITY kpoker "<application>KPoker</application>">
<!ENTITY kpovmodeler "<application>KPovModeler</application>">
<!ENTITY kppp "<application>KPPP</application>">
<!ENTITY kreatecd "<application>KreateCD</application>">
<!ENTITY krec "<application>KRec</application>">
<!ENTITY kregexpeditor "<application>KRegExpEditor</application>">
<!ENTITY kreversi "<application>KReversi</application>">
<!ENTITY krita "<application>Krita</application>">
<!ENTITY kruler "<application>KRuler</application>">
<!ENTITY ksame "<application>KSame</application>">
<!ENTITY kscd "<application>KsCD</application>">
<!ENTITY kscore "<application>KScore</application>">
<!ENTITY kscreensaver "<application>KScreensaver</application>">
<!ENTITY ksgmltools "<application>ksgmltools</application>">
<!ENTITY kshisen "<application>KShisen</application>">
<!ENTITY ksim "<application>KSim</application>">
<!ENTITY ksirc "<application>KSirc</application>">
<!ENTITY ksirtet "<application>KSirtet</application>">
<!ENTITY ksmiletris "<application>KSmiletris</application>">
<!ENTITY ksnake "<application>KSnake</application>">
<!ENTITY ksnapshot "<application>KSnapshot</application>">
<!ENTITY ksokoban "<application>KSokoban</application>">
<!ENTITY kspaceduel "<application>KSpaceDuel</application>">
<!ENTITY kspell "<application>KSpell</application>">
<!ENTITY kspread "<application>KSpread</application>">
<!ENTITY kstars "<application>KStars</application>">
<!ENTITY kstart "<application>kstart</application>">
<!ENTITY ksysctrl "<application>KSysctrl</application>">
<!ENTITY ksysguard "<application>KSysguard</application>">
<!ENTITY ksysv "<application>KSysV</application>">
<!ENTITY ktalk "<application>KTalk</application>">
<!ENTITY ktalkd "<application>KTalkd</application>">
<!ENTITY kteatime "<application>KTeaTime</application>">
<!ENTITY kthesaurus "<application>KThesaurus</application>">
<!ENTITY ktimemon "<application>KTimemon</application>">
<!ENTITY ktimer "<application>KTimer</application>">
<!ENTITY ktip "<application>KTip</application>">
<!ENTITY ktouch "<application>KTouch</application>">
<!ENTITY ktron "<application>KTron</application>">
<!ENTITY ktuberling "<application>KTuberling</application>">
<!ENTITY kugar "<application>Kugar</application>">
<!ENTITY kuickshow "<application>KuickShow</application>">
<!ENTITY kuser "<application>KUser</application>">
<!ENTITY kview "<application>KView</application>">
<!ENTITY kviewshell "<application>KViewshell</application>">
<!ENTITY kvoctrain "<application>KVocTrain</application>">
<!ENTITY kworldclock "<application>KWorldClock</application>">
<!ENTITY kword "<application>KWord</application>">
<!ENTITY kwin "<application>KWin</application>">
<!ENTITY k4wins "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
<!ENTITY kwrite "<application>KWrite</application>">
<!ENTITY kwuftpd "<application>kwuftpd</application>">
<!ENTITY LaserJet '<trademark class="registered">LaserJet</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY lisa "<application>Lisa</application>">
<!ENTITY Linux '<trademark class="registered">Linux</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY Linux-Mandrake "<trademark>Linux-Mandrake</trademark>">
<!ENTITY LinuxPPC "<trademark>LinuxPPC</trademark>">
<!ENTITY lskat "<application>Lskat</application>">
<!ENTITY LZW "<acronym>LZW</acronym>">
<!ENTITY Mac '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY MacOS '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark> <acronym>OS</acronym>'>
<!ENTITY Mandrake "<trademark>Mandrake</trademark>">
<!ENTITY megami "<application>Megami</application>">
<!ENTITY Microsoft '<trademark class="registered">Microsoft</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY MIDI "<acronym>MIDI</acronym>">
<!ENTITY MIME "<acronym>MIME</acronym>">
<!ENTITY moonphase "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
<!ENTITY Motif '<trademark class="registered">Motif</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY MRU "<acronym>MRU</acronym>">
<!ENTITY MTU "<acronym>MTU</acronym>">
<!ENTITY MusiXTeX "<application>MusiXTeX</application>">
<!ENTITY Netscape '<trademark class="registered">Netscape</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY NeXTSTEP "<trademark>NeXTSTEP</trademark>">
<!ENTITY noatun "<application>Noatun</application>">
<!ENTITY PalmOS '<trademark class="registered">Palm OS</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY PalmPilot "<productname><trademark>PalmPilot</trademark></productname>">
<!ENTITY PMX "<application>PMX</application>">
<!-- acronym too? --><!ENTITY PostScript '<trademark class="registered">PostScript</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY PPP "<acronym>PPP</acronym>">
<!ENTITY quanta "<application>Quanta</application>">
<!ENTITY quantaplus "<application>Quanta Plus</application>">
<!ENTITY Qt "<trademark>Qt</trademark>">
<!ENTITY RedHat '<trademark class="registered">Red Hat</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY reslisa "<application>ResLisa</application>">
<!ENTITY Sendmail '<application><trademark class="registered">sendmail</trademark></application>'>
<!ENTITY SMTP "<acronym>SMTP</acronym>">
<!ENTITY SGI "<trademark>SGI</trademark>">
<!ENTITY Solaris "<trademark>Solaris</trademark>">
<!ENTITY SuSE '<acronym><trademark class="registered">SuSE</trademark></acronym>'>
<!ENTITY ThreeCom '<trademark class="registered">3Com</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY tkmidi "<application>tkmidi</application>">
<!ENTITY TrueType '<trademark class="registered">TrueType</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY UNIX '<trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY URL "<acronym>URL</acronym>">
<!ENTITY URI "<acronym>URI</acronym>">
<!ENTITY Visor "<trademark>Visor</trademark>">
<!ENTITY windowmaker "<application>Window Maker</application>">
<!ENTITY Windows '<trademark class="registered">Windows</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY WordNet '<trademark class="registered">WordNet</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY Wordperfect '<application><trademark class="registered">WordPerfect</trademark></application>'>
<!ENTITY X-Server "<application>X-Server</application>">
<!ENTITY XEmacs "<application>XEmacs</application>">
<!ENTITY X-Window '<trademark class="registered">X Window System</trademark>'>
<!ENTITY XHTML "<trademark>XHTML</trademark>">
<!ENTITY XML "<trademark>XML</trademark>">
<!ENTITY XSL "<trademark>XSL</trademark>">
<!-- Defaults, do NOT add anything to this without checking with the docbook
team. --><!ENTITY package "This application isn't part of a KDE package">
<!-- Obsolete entities --><!-- Put them here; they will be removed at some stage --><!ENTITY artsbuilder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
<!ENTITY kdf "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
<!ENTITY klaptopdaemon "<application>KLaptop</application>">
<!ENTITY klines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
<!ENTITY kmoon "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
<!ENTITY kodo "<application>KOdometer</application>">
<!ENTITY kpat "<application>KPatience</application>">
<!ENTITY kwin4 "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
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]>
<chapter id="configuring-your-system-chap" status="help">
<title id="configuring-your-system">Configurar o Seu Sistema</title>
<para>Este capítulo contém informação sobre como configurar o seu sistema.</para>
<sect1 id="desktop-tips" status="complete">
<title>Truques do Ambiente de Trabalho</title>
<para>This section details some tips for using and customizing the desktop. They are mostly tips involving the desktop environment (called <application>KDE</application>), and the file manager (called <application>Konqueror</application>).</para>
<sect2 id="kde-startup" status="complete">
<title>Run programs automatically when KDE starts</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the <emphasis>Session Management</emphasis> feature of KDE. You can setup KDE exactly the way you'd like it to start every time you login. </para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>User Account</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice> from the Desktop Menu System. Click the <guibutton>Session Manager</guibutton> button on the left. Ensure that the <guibutton>Restore manually saved session</guibutton> checkbox is enabled.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Launch all the applications you want running <emphasis>everytime you log in</emphasis>. Once you have everything set to your satisfaction, click choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Save Session</guisubmenu>
</menuchoice>. Every time you start KDE, you will return to this configuration.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Another method to do this is to copy the desktop entry of the application you want to autostart from <filename>/usr/share/applications</filename> to the <filename>~/.kde/Autostart</filename> directory.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="login-kde-automatic" status="complete">
<title>Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts</title>
<para>It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other users access to your information.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Setting</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Login Manager</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Click on the <guibutton>Administrator Mode...</guibutton> and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges.</para></step>
<step>
<para>Select the <guibutton>Convenience</guibutton> tab. Check the
<guilabel>Enable Autologin</guilabel> and select the user to autologin from the drop down menu and select an appropriate time delay.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="restartkdewithoutreboot" status="complete">
<title>Restart KDE without rebooting the computer</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Grave e feche todas as aplicações abertas.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Use the <keycombo>
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>Backspace</keycap>
</keycombo>
shortcut keys to restart KDE.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>If <keycombo>
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>Backspace</keycap>
</keycombo>
is disabled, type
<screen>sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart</screen>
</para>
<para>(Veja <xref linkend="disableCtrlAltBackspace"/> para desactivar <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo>.)</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="disableCtrlAltBackspace" status="complete">
<title>Prevenir que as teclas de atalho Ctrl-Alt-Backspace reiniciem o X</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Make a backup copy of your existing <filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> file.
<screen>sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Open <filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> for editing.
<screen>kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Adicione as linhas seguintes ao fim do ficheiro: <programlisting>
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZap" "yes"
EndSection
</programlisting></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Save the edited file. (<ulink url="../sample/xorg.conf_disablectrlaltbackspacegnome">an example</ulink>)</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE. If you want the change to take effect immediately, restart KDE manually. (See <xref linkend="restartkdewithoutreboot"/>.)</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="run-application" status="complete">
<title>Iniciar um Programa Manualmente</title>
<para>Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, for example when the program does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the <application>Run Command</application> dialog.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Open the <application>Run Command</application> dialog by typing:
<keycombo>
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>F2</keycap>
</keycombo>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Introduza o nome do programa que deseja executar, e pressione <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="numlock-on-startup" status="complete">
<title>Automatically turn on <keycap>Num Lock</keycap> when KDE starts</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Setting</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Keyboard</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Under the <guilabel>NumLock on KDE Startup</guilabel>, enable the <guibutton>Turn On</guibutton> checkbox. Click on <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to save your settings.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE. If you want to test it right away, turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see <xref linkend="restartkdewithoutreboot"/>).
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="firefox-help-handler" status="complete">
<title>Handle help:// links in <application><phrase>Firefox</phrase></application></title>
<para>
You may want to be able to open the <application>help://</application> protocol from within <application>Firefox.</application>
</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
Start <application>Firefox</application> by choosing
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Firefox</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Type <emphasis>about:config</emphasis> in the address bar.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<mousebutton>Right</mousebutton> click on the list, select
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>New</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Boolean</guisubmenu>
</menuchoice>
Type <emphasis role="bold">network.protocol-handler.external.help</emphasis> as <emphasis>Preference Name</emphasis> and <emphasis role="bold">true</emphasis> as <emphasis>Value</emphasis>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<mousebutton>Right</mousebutton> click again on the list, select <menuchoice>
<guimenu>New</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>String</guisubmenu>
</menuchoice>
Type <emphasis role="bold">network.protocol-handler.app.help</emphasis> as <emphasis>Preference Name</emphasis> and <emphasis role="bold">khelpcenter</emphasis> as <emphasis>Value</emphasis>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="menu-editing" status="complete">
<title>Edit <application>K-Menu</application></title>
<para>Kubuntu comes with the <application>KDE Menu Editor</application>, so you can customize your menus and add entries for applications that don't automatically appear after they are installed.
</para>
<para>Para adicionar uma nova entrada de menu:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Open <application>KDE Menu Editor</application> by right-clicking on K-menu and choosing <guimenuitem>Menu Editor</guimenuitem>.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>In <application>KDE Menu Editor</application>'s left-hand pane, choose the submenu the new entry should appear in.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>File</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>New Item</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>. In the <guilabel>New Item</guilabel> window, choose a <guilabel>Name</guilabel>. Then add the <guilabel>Description</guilabel>, <guilabel>Comment</guilabel>, and <guilabel>Command</guilabel>. Select the icon by clicking on <guilabel>Icon</guilabel>. The <guilabel>Command</guilabel> will usually be the package name, <guilabel>Name</guilabel> is what will appear on the menu, and the <guilabel>Comment</guilabel> will appear in the tooltip that appears near the menu entry. <guilabel>Icons</guilabel> are chosen from <filename>/usr/share/pixmaps</filename> directory by default, or can be chosen from anywhere in your files.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the <application>KDE Menu Editor</application> window.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="desktop-applets" status="complete">
<title>Applets Avançadas de Ambiente de Trabalho</title>
<para><application>Superkaramba</application> is a system for bringing mini programs (desklets) such as weather forecasts, news tickers, system information displays, or music player controls onto your desktop, where they are sitting there in a symbiotic relationship of eye candy and usefulness.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>superkaramba</application> package from the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Choose:
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Superkaramba</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step><para>Visit the <ulink url="http://www.superkaramba.com/">SuperKaramba website for downloading applets.</ulink></para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="fonts" status="complete">
<title>Instalar Fontes Extra</title>
<para>This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Para <emphasis role="bold">Fontes internacionais</emphasis>, instale os pacotes seguintes a partir do repositório <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> (veja <xref linkend="add-applications"/>):</para>
<para>
<literallayout>
xfonts-intl-arabic
xfonts-intl-asian
xfonts-intl-chinese
xfonts-intl-chinese-big
xfonts-intl-european
xfonts-intl-japanese
xfonts-intl-japanese-big
xfonts-intl-phonetic
</literallayout>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Para <emphasis role="bold">fontes Microsoft TrueType</emphasis>, instale o pacote <application>msttcorefonts</application> a partir do repositório <emphasis>Multiverse</emphasis> (veja <xref linkend="add-applications"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Para <emphasis role="bold">fontes Ghostscript</emphasis>, instale o pacote <application>gsfonts-x11</application> (veja <xref linkend="add-applications"/>).</para>
</step> <step>
<para>Depois de instalar qualquer fonte nova, reconstrua os ficheiros de informação de fontes introduzindo o seguinte num prompt da consola:</para>
<screen>sudo fc-cache -f -v</screen>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>If you prefer to download individual fonts by hand, you can
install them easily by opening
<application>Konqueror</application> and typing
<application>fonts:///</application> into the location bar.
Then you can install the font, either system-wide or for
personal use by dragging and dropping into the respective
folders.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="file-managing" status="complete">
<title>Files</title>
<sect2 id="konqueror-hidden-file" status="complete">
<title>Show hidden files and folders in <application>
<phrase>Konqueror</phrase></application></title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>In <application>Konqueror</application>, use the
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>View</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>Show Hidden Files</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
to toggle hidden files and folders on and off.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="default-open-with" status="complete">
<title>Change the default file type "Open with" program</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>In <application>Konqueror</application>, <mousebutton>right</mousebutton> click on the file and choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>Open With</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Other...</guisubmenu>
</menuchoice>
from the menu that appears. A list of applications appears.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Seleccione a aplicação por omissão que quer para o tipo de ficheiro. Se a aplicação não está na lista, utilize o botão <guibutton>Adicionar</guibutton> para a adicionar à lista.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Select the <guilabel>Remember application association
for this type of file</guilabel> checkbox. Click
<guibutton>Ok</guibutton> to apply your changes.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="krename" status="complete">
<title>Rename all files in a directory at once</title>
<para>Using the program <application>Krename</application>, it is possible to rename multiple files according to a naming scheme which you define.
</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>Krename</application> package from the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Launch <application>Krename</application> by choosing
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Krename</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="rar-files" status="complete">
<title>Opening <application>RAR</application> files</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
To open <application>rar</application> files, install
the <application>unrar</application> package
from the <emphasis>Multiverse</emphasis> repository
(see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Para abrir um ficheiro rar, efectue duplo-clique no mesmo.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="partitions-booting" status="writing">
<title>Partições e Arranque</title>
<sect2 id="partition-editor" status="complete">
<title>Editor de Partições Gráfico</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>qtparted</application> package (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>You can run the application with:
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>QtParted</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="listpartitiontables" status="complete">
<title>Verificar a utilização de espaço em disco e ver a tabela de partições</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Launch
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Disks & Filesystems</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Each partition will be listed under
<guilabel>Available Disks and
Filesystems</guilabel> details of each
partition.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="listmounteddevices" status="complete">
<title>List mounted devices in a terminal</title>
<para>
To list mounted devices in a terminal, run the following
command:
</para>
<screen>mount</screen>
<para>A listagem mostra o dispositivo (tal como uma partição do disco rígido), o ponto de montagem (onde acede aos ficheiros), o tipo de sistema de ficheiros e as opções de montagem.</para>
<para>Este exemplo mostra a partição de disco rígido hda2 montada como '/', com o tipo de sistema de ficheiros ext3. A partição está montada com duas opções, uma para permitir que o dispositivo possa ser lido e escrito e a outra para voltar a montar o dispositivo como apenas de leitura no evento de quaisquer erros.</para>
<screen><computeroutput>/dev/hda2 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro)</computeroutput></screen>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="mount-unmount-windows-partitions" status="complete">
<title>Mount/Unmount Windows partitions</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Leia <xref linkend="listpartitiontables"/></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>First, make a directory where the partition can be mounted:</para>
<screen>sudo mkdir /mnt/windows</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Next, run the following command to mount an NTFS Windows Partition and allow read-only access:</para>
<screen>sudo mount /dev/hdaX /mnt/windows/ -t ntfs -o ro,umask=0222</screen>
<para>If your Windows partition uses the FAT32 filesystem, it is safe to allow read-write access to the partition. Run the command <screen>sudo mount /dev/hdaX /mnt/windows/ -t vfat -o umask=0000</screen> instead of the one above.
</para>
<note>
<para>Replace <emphasis role="bold">/dev/hdaX</emphasis> with the correct device name for your partition.
</para>
</note>
</step>
<step>
<para>To unmount the partition, run the following command:</para>
<screen>sudo umount /mnt/windows/</screen>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="mount-unmount-at-bootup" status="writing">
<title>Mount Windows partitions on boot-up</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Leia <xref linkend="listpartitiontables"/></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>First, make a directory where the partition can be mounted:</para>
<screen>sudo mkdir /mnt/windows</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Next, backup your configuration file for mounting drives and open the file in a text editor with administrative privileges:</para>
<screen>sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup
kdesu kate /etc/fstab</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>If your Windows partition uses the NTFS filesystem, append the following line at the end of file
<programlisting>/dev/hdaX /mnt/windows ntfs ro,umask=0222 0 0</programlisting>
</para>
<para>If your Windows partition uses the FAT32 filesystem, it is safe to allow read-write access to the partition. Append the following line at the end of the file
<programlisting>/dev/hdaX /mnt/windows vfat umask=0000 0 0</programlisting> instead of the one above.
</para>
<note>
<para>Replace <emphasis role="bold">/dev/hdaX</emphasis> with the correct device name for your partition.
</para>
</note>
</step>
<step>
<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="../sample/fstab_automountntfs">an example</ulink>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Read <xref linkend="remountfstabwithoutreboot"/>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="remountfstabwithoutreboot" status="complete">
<title>Remount /etc/fstab without rebooting</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<screen>sudo mount -a</screen>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="run-on-bootup" status="complete">
<title>Run a system command automatically at Startup</title>
<para>Por vezes pode ser útil adicionar um comando personalizado ao processo de arranque de forma a que o computador o execute em cada arranque. Para isso:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Edite <application>crontab</application> com privilégios administrativos (veja <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>):</para>
<screen>sudo crontab -e</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Insira a linha seguinte:</para>
<screen>@reboot /home/utilizador/comando</screen>
<note>
<para>Replace <filename>/home/user/command</filename> with the full path to your command.</para>
</note>
</step>
<step>
<para>Grave o ficheiro e saia.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="change-default-os" status="complete">
<title>Mudar o Sistema Operativo por omissão no arranque</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Faça uma cópia de segurança do ficheiro de configuração de arranque, e abra o ficheiro num editor de texto:</para>
<screen>sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
kdesu kate /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Procure esta linha:</para>
<programlisting>
...
default 0
...
</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>Substitua pela linha seguinte:</para>
<programlisting>default X_sequence</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Save the edited file (<ulink url="../sample/menu.list_changedefaultosgrub"> an example</ulink>)
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="boot-menu-visible" status="complete">
<title>Making the Boot Menu Visible</title>
<para>
By default, the boot menu is hidden and you will need to hit <keycap>Esc</keycap> to see the boot menu. By following the following steps, it will be visible by default.
</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Faça uma cópia de segurança do ficheiro de configuração de arranque, e abra o ficheiro num editor de texto:</para>
<screen>sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
kdesu kate /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Find this line
<screen># hiddenmenu</screen> and uncomment it by removing the <emphasis>#</emphasis> in front of the line so that it looks like: <screen>hiddenmenu</screen> Save the edited file (<ulink url="../sample/menu.list_unhidemenu"> an example</ulink>)
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="change-timeout" status="complete">
<title>Change the timeout for boot menu</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<screen>
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
kdesu kate /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Find this line</para>
<programlisting>
...
timeout 3
...
</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>Replace with the following line</para>
<programlisting>timeout X_seconds</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Save the edited file (<ulink url="../sample/menu.list_increasedecreasetimeoutgrub"> an example</ulink>)
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="hardware" status="help">
<title>Hardware</title>
<sect2 id="digital-cameras" status="complete">
<title>Câmaras Digitais</title>
<para>
Most USB digital cameras will be automatically detected by
Kubuntu. Simply plug in and switch on your USB digital camera,
Kubuntu will then ask you if you would like to import the
photos from your camera. Click on
<guibutton>Import</guibutton>, Kubuntu will then show you a
preview of your photos. Choose a location to save your photos
to, then click on <guibutton>Import</guibutton>. Kubuntu will
then save your photos to your hard drive.
</para>
<para>
If you do not get the auto-import popup with your camera, it might
be worth installing <application>digiKam</application> from the
<emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).
Launch <application>digiKam</application> after installation by
choosing
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>digiKam (Photo Management)</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
from the desktop menu system.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="graphics-cards" status="complete">
<title>Placas Gráficas 3D</title>
<sect3 id="installnvidiadriver" status="complete">
<title>3D Nvidia Video Card Driver</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>nvidia-glx</application> package from the <emphasis>Restricted</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="add-applications"/>).
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<screen>
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo nvidia-glx-config enable </screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>You may adjust the settings of the new driver by running the application <application>nvidia-settings</application> (see <xref linkend="run-application"/>). If you wish, add a menu entry for this program (see <xref linkend="menu-editing"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Read <xref linkend="restartkdewithoutreboot"/>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 status="complete">
<!-- Mostly copied from UDG, need to keep updated with it. If someone can go over this section, it might be better -->
<title>Disable the Nvidia Graphics Logo on Startup</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Read <xref linkend="installnvidiadriver"/>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<screen>
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Find this section</para>
<para>
<programlisting>
...
Section "Device"
Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV11 [GeForce2 MX/MX 400]"
Driver "nvidia"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
...</programlisting>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Add the following line below it</para>
<para>
<programlisting>
Option "NoLogo"</programlisting>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Save the edited file ( <ulink url="../sample/xorg.conf_disablenvidialogo"> an example</ulink>)</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Read <xref linkend="restartkdewithoutreboot"/>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<!-- unconfirmed ATI drivers, someone who owns an ATI card please confirm that this works -->
<sect3 id="installatidriver" status="complete">
<title>3D ATI Video Card Driver</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Instale o pacote <application>xorg-driver-fglrx</application> a partir do repositório <emphasis>Restricted</emphasis> (veja <xref linkend="add-applications"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para><screen>
echo fglrx | sudo tee -a /etc/modules
sudo depmod -a ; sudo modprobe fglrx
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo sed -i -e 's/"ati"/"fglrx"/' /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>If you are using an NForce2-based motherboard you will also need to do the following:</para>
<para><screen>kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen></para>
<para>Change <quote>Section "Device"</quote> add the following line:</para>
<para><screen>Option "UseInternalAGPGART" "no"</screen></para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Reinicie a sua máquina para que as alterações tenham efeito.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="wireless-cards" status="complete">
<title>Placas de rede sem fios</title>
<para>Many wireless cards are automatically detected by Kubuntu during installation. A complete listing of wireless cards which work with Kubuntu can be found on the <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsWirelessNetworkCards">Ubuntu Wiki</ulink>. Please add your wireless card to the list if it works with Kubuntu.</para>
<para>Some cards may not work out of the box with Kubuntu. If this is the case, please look at the <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WirelessTroubleshootingGuide">Wireless Troubleshooting Guide</ulink> on the Ubuntu Wiki which is an excellent resource for troubleshooting wireless cards.
</para>
<para>All information regarding wireless networking on Kubuntu is collected at <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WifiDocs">Wireless Networking Central</ulink> on the Ubuntu Wiki.
</para>
<sect3 status="complete">
<title>List Wireless Devices</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Para listar dispositivos PCI:</para>
<screen>lspci -v</screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>Para listar dispositivos USB:</para>
<screen>lsusb -v</screen>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="config-keyboard" status="complete">
<title>Configuring Keyboard</title>
<sect3 id="keyboard-shortcuts" status="complete">
<title>Change Keyboard Shortcuts</title>
<para>
You might want to modify the default keyboard shortcuts in Kubuntu. To do so, choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Regional & Accessibility</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
from the desktop menu system. Select <guibutton>Keyboard Shortcuts</guibutton> button to modify your keyboard shortcuts.
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="multiple-keyboard-layouts" status="complete">
<title>Multiple Keyboard Layouts</title>
<para> You may want to have access to more than one keyboard layout. This is useful if you write in more than one language.</para>
<para>To add new keyboard layouts:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Choose:
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guisubmenu>Regional & Accessibility</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Keyboard Layout</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
In the <guilabel>Layout</guilabel> tab, check the <guilabel>Enable Keyboard Layouts</guilabel> box.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Choose the country in which the keyboard layout you want is used, and click <guibutton>Add</guibutton>. The country should appear in the <guilabel>Active Layouts</guilabel> list.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Click the country in the <guilabel>Active Layouts</guilabel> list, and choose the appropriate <guilabel>Layout variant</guilabel> for the country selected. This is important for countries where more than one language are commonly spoken.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para> Click on <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to save your settings.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
A <emphasis>flag icon</emphasis> should now appear in the system tray showing the current keyboard layout being used. Click the <emphasis>flag icon</emphasis> to switch to the other keyboard layout.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="skim" status="complete">
<title>Input Non-latin Characters</title>
<para> <application>Skim</application> is a KDE guipanel to input non-latin characters. To use <application>Skim</application> for input in your native language:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
Ensure that your <application>language-support</application> package is installed. If you selected your native language during installation, this has already been installed.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para> Press
<keycombo>
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
<keycap>Space</keycap>
</keycombo>
to activate it and enter characters.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Configure <application>Skim</application> by <mousebutton>right</mousebutton>
clicking the icon in the system tray, and choosing
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>Configure</guimenu>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="modems" status="complete">
<title>Modems</title>
<sect3 id="winmodems" status="complete">
<title>Winmodems</title>
<para>Most winmodems are not supported by Kubuntu by default, but drivers can be found that will enable the use of such modems. First you need to identify what chipset your winmodem is using:</para>
<para>
<screen>
wget -c <ulink url="http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz</ulink>
gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem
chmod +x scanModem
sudo ./scanModem
kate Modem/ModemData.txt</screen>
</para>
<para>Check the output in Kate, it should list what modem
chipset you have. Once you are aware of the chipset you
have, see <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SettingUpModems">SettingUpModems</ulink> and
follow the directions for your modem.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="adsl" status="complete">
<title>Modems ADSL</title>
<para>
All PPOE and ADSL modems that use ethernet for the connection (and some that use USB) are supported by Kubuntu. For router-style ADSL modems, just connect it up, configure the modem as per your ISPs instructions and configure networking in Kubuntu. For information on PPPOE modems see <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ADSLPPPoE">ADSLPPoE</ulink> on the Ubuntu wiki.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="printers" status="help">
<sect2info>
<authorblurb>
<para>This section also needs some love. I have no idea about printers. </para>
</authorblurb>
</sect2info>
<title>Impressoras</title>
<para>Some printers will be automatically detected by Kubuntu; for those that are not, choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Printers</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
then choose
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>Add</guimenu>
<guimenuitem>Add Printer/Class</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
and run the Printer Install Wizard.
</para>
<para>Existem algumas impressoras que necessitam de mais configuração. Procure em bases de dados como <ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/">LinuxPrinting.org</ulink> ou veja <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsPrinters">a página sobre impressoras no wiki Ubuntu</ulink> para mais informação sobre a sua impressora.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="cdroms" status="complete">
<title>CDROMs</title>
<sect3 status="complete">
<title>Speed up CD/DVD-ROM access (enable DMA)</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cdrom</filename> is the location of the
CD/DVD-ROM</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<screen>
sudo hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom
sudo cp /etc/hdparm.conf /etc/hdparm.conf_backup
kdesu kate /etc/hdparm.conf</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>
<para>
<programlisting>
/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}</programlisting>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="../sample/hdparm.conf_speedupcddvdrom"> an example</ulink>)</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 status="complete">
<title>Mount CD/DVD-ROMs and show all hidden and associated files</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>A assumir que <filename class="devicefile">/media/cdrom0/</filename> é a localização do CD/DVD-ROM</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>To mount CD/DVD-ROM</para>
<para>
<screen>sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide</screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>To unmount CD/DVD-ROM</para>
<para>
<screen>sudo umount /media/cdrom0/</screen>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 status="complete">
<title>Forcefully eject CD/DVD-ROMs manually</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<screen>sudo eject</screen>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="networking" status="complete">
<title>Rede</title>
<sect2 status="complete">
<title>Alterar o Nome do Computador</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System Settings</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Network Settings</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Click on the <guibutton>Administrator Mode...</guibutton> and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges.</para></step>
<step>
<para>Select the <guibutton>Domain Name System</guibutton> tab.
Enter the name of the computer in the
<guilabel>Hostname</guilabel> field.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Click <guibutton>Apply</guibutton>, close all
open applications and reboot.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 status="complete">
<title>View remote SSH, FTP, and SFTP servers using <application>Konqueror</application></title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Na <guilabel>Barra de Localização</guilabel>, insira o seguinte:</para>
<para>Para SSH, utilize: <screen><phrase>ssh</phrase>://utilizador@ssh.servidor.com</screen></para>
<para>Para FTP, utilize: <screen><phrase>ftp</phrase>://utilizador@ftp.servidor.com</screen></para>
<para>Para SFTP, utilize: <screen><phrase>sftp</phrase>://utilizador@sftp.servidor.com</screen></para>
<para>Substitua o nome de utilizador pelo seu e substitua tudo depois do símbolo @ com o endereço do servidor. Será pedida uma senha se necessária. Se não houver nenhum nome de utilizador (anónimo), omita o nome de utilizador e o símbolo @.</para>
<para>Alternativamente, para especificar a sua senha manualmente, mude um dos comandos acima para: <screen>ftp://nomeutilizador:senha@servidor.ftp.com</screen></para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="networking-utils" status="complete">
<title>Ferramentas de Rede</title>
<sect3 id="firewall" status="complete">
<!-- No KDE equivalent -->
<title>Guarddog Firewall</title>
<para>A firewall protects a computer system from unauthorized access. It is not normally necessary to install a firewall on a Kubuntu system, because by default, access to the system is closed. However, if you run any services which you allow other computers to access (for example, the Apache web server), it is advisable to install a firewall. <application>Guarddog</application> is a program which allows you to control Linux's firewall through a graphical interface.
</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>Guarddog</application> package from the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>After it is installed, run the <application>Guarddog</application> by choosing
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Guarddog</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Enter <emphasis>your</emphasis> password in the <application>Run as root -KDE su</application> dialog box which pops up.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
Click the <guibutton>Help</guibutton> in the <application>Firewall Configuration</application> window for details on using <application>Guarddog</application>.
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 status="complete">
<!-- No KDE equivalent -->
<title>Monitor Gráfico de Rede</title>
<para>Etherape mostra a actividade na rede entre vários anfitriões utilizando círculos de tamanho variável.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>etherape</application> package from the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Choose:
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Etherape</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3 status="complete">
<!-- No KDE equivalent -->
<title>Analisador de Tráfego de Rede</title>
<para>Ethereal is a network traffic analyzer/sniffer that captures packets
off the network in real time and displays their contents.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Install the <application>ethereal</application> package from the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> repository (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Choose:
<menuchoice>
<guimenu>K-Menu</guimenu>
<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
<guimenuitem>Ethereal</guimenuitem>
</menuchoice>
</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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