~ubuntu-branches/ubuntu/oneiric/sudo/oneiric-updates

Installation instructions for Sudo 1.7

======================================

Sudo uses a `configure' script to probe the capabilities and type

of the system in question.  In this release, `configure' takes many

more options than it did before.  Please read this document fully

before configuring and building sudo.  You may also wish to read the

file INSTALL.configure which explains more about the `configure' script.

Simple sudo installation

========================

For most systems and configurations it is possible simply to:

    0) If you are upgrading from a previous version of sudo

       please read the info in the UPGRADE file before proceeding.

    1) If you previously ran `configure' on a different host

       you will probably want to do a `make distclean' to remove

       the old `config.cache' file.  Otherwise, `configure'

       will complain and refuse to run.  Alternately, one can

       simply `rm config.cache'.

    2) Read the `OS dependent notes' section for any particular

       "gotchas" relating to your operating system.

    3) `cd' to the source or build directory and type `./configure'

       to generate a Makefile and config.h file suitable for

       building sudo.  Before you actually run configure you

       should read the `Available configure options' section

       to see if there are any special options you may want

       or need.

    4) Edit the configure-generated Makefile if you wish to

       change any of the default paths (alternatively, you could

       have changed the paths via options to `configure'.

    5) Type `make' to compile sudo.  If you are building sudo

       in a separate build tree (apart from the sudo source)

       GNU make will probably be required.  If `configure' did

       its job properly (and you have a supported configuration)

       there won't be any problems.  If this doesn't work, take

       a look at the files TROUBLESHOOTING and PORTING for tips

       on what might have gone wrong.  Please mail us if you have a

       fix or if you are unable to come up with a fix (address at EOF).

    6) Type `make install' (as root) to install sudo, visudo, the

       man pages, and a skeleton sudoers file.  Note that the install

       will not overwrite an existing sudoers file.  You can also

       install various pieces the package via the install-binaries,

       install-man, and install-sudoers make targets.

    7) Edit the sudoers file with `visudo' as necessary for your

       site.  You will probably want to refer the sample.sudoers

       file and sudoers man page included with the sudo package.

    8) If you want to use syslogd(8) to do the logging, you'll need

       to update your /etc/syslog.conf file.  See the sample.syslog.conf

       file included in the distribution for an example.

Available configure options

===========================

This section describes flags accepted by the sudo's `configure' script.

Defaults are listed in brackets after the description.

Configuration:

  --cache-file=FILE

	Cache test results in FILE

  --config-cache, -C

	Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'

  --help, -h

	Print the usage/help info

  --no-create, -n

	Do not create output files

  --quiet, --silent, -q

	Do not print `checking...' messages

Directory and file names:

  --prefix=PREFIX

	Install architecture-independent files in PREFIX This really only

	applies to man pages.  [/usr/local]

  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX

	Install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX This includes the

	sudo and visudo executables.  [same as prefix]

  --bindir=DIR

	Install `sudo' in DIR [EPREFIX/bin]

  --sbindir=DIR

	Install `visudo' in DIR [EPREFIX/sbin]

  --sysconfdir=DIR

	Install `sudoers' file in DIR [/etc]

  --mandir=DIR

	Install man pages in DIR [PREFIX/man]

  --srcdir=DIR

	Find the sources in DIR [configure dir or ..]

Special features/options:

  --with-CC=PATH

	Specifies path to C compiler you wish to use.

  --with-incpath=DIR

	Adds the specified directory (or directories) to CPPFLAGS

	so configure and the compiler will look there for include

	files.  Multiple directories may be specified as long as

	they are space separated.

	Eg: --with-incpath="/usr/local/include /opt/include"

  --with-libpath=DIR

	Adds the specified directory (or directories) to LDFLAGS

	so configure and the compiler will look there for libraries.

	Multiple directories may be specified as with --with-incpath.

  --with-rpath

	Tells configure to use -Rpath in addition to -Lpath when

	passing library paths to the loader.  This option is on

	by default for Solaris and SVR4.

  --with-blibpath[=PATH]

	Tells configure to construct a -blibpath argument to the

	loader.  If a PATH is specified, it will be used as the

	base.  Otherwise, "/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/local/lib" will be

	used for gcc and "/usr/lib:/lib" for non-gcc.  Additional

	library paths will be appended as needed by configure.

	This option is only valid for AIX where it is on by default.

  --with-libraries=LIBRARY

	Adds the specified library (or libaries) to SUDO_LIBS and

	and VISUDO_LIBS so sudo will link against them.  If the

	library doesn't start with `-l' or end in `.a' or `.o' a

	`-l' will be prepended to it.  Multiple libraries may be

	specified as long as they are space separated.

  --with-csops

	Add CSOps standard options.  You probably aren't interested in this.

  --with-skey[=DIR]

	Enable S/Key OTP (One Time Password) support.  If specified,

	DIR should contain include and lib directories with skey.h

	and libskey.a respectively.

  --with-opie[=DIR]

	Enable NRL OPIE OTP (One Time Password) support.  If specified,

	DIR should contain include and lib directories with opie.h

	and libopie.a respectively.

  --with-SecurID[=DIR]

	Enable SecurID support.  If specified, DIR is directory containing

	sdiclient.a, sdi_athd.h, sdconf.h, and sdacmvls.h.

  --with-fwtk[=DIR]

	Enable TIS Firewall Toolkit (FWTK) 'authsrv' support. If specified,

	DIR is the base directory containing the compiled FWTK package

	(or at least the library and header files).

  --with-kerb4[=DIR]

	Enable Kerberos IV support.  If specified, DIR is the base

	directory containing the Kerberos IV include and lib dirs.

	This uses Kerberos passphrases for authentication but does

	not use the Kerberos cookie scheme.

  --with-kerb5[=DIR]

	Enable Kerberos V support.  If specified, DIR is the base

	directory containing the Kerberos V include and lib dirs.

	This This uses Kerberos passphrases for authentication but

	does not use the Kerberos cookie scheme.  Will not work for

	Kerberos V older than version 1.1.

  --with-ldap[=DIR]

	Enable LDAP support.  If specified, DIR is the base directory

	containing the LDAP include and lib directories.  Please see

	README.LDAP for more information.

  --with-ldap-conf-file=filename

	Path to LDAP configuration file.  If specified, sudo reads

	this file instead of /etc/ldap.conf to locate the LDAP server.

  --with-ldap-secret-file=filename

	Path to LDAP secret password file.  If specified, sudo uses

	this file instead of /etc/ldap.secret to read the secret password

	when rootbinddn is specified in the ldap config file.

  --with-nsswitch[=filename]

	Path to nsswitch.conf or "no" to disable nsswitch support.

	If specified, sudo uses this file instead of /etc/nsswitch.conf.

	If nsswitch is disabled but LDAP is enabled, sudo will check

	LDAP first, then the sudoers file.

  --with-aixauth

	Enable support for the AIX 4.x general authentication function.

	This will use the authentication scheme specified for the user

	on the machine.  It is on by default for AIX systems that

	support it.

  --with-pam

	Enable PAM support.  This is on by default for Darwin, FreeBSD,

	Linux, Solaris and HP-UX (version 11 and higher).

	NOTE: on RedHat Linux and Fedora you *must* have an /etc/pam.d/sudo

	file install.  You may either use the sample.pam file included with

	sudo or use /etc/pam.d/su as a reference.  The sample.pam file

	included with sudo may or may not work with other Linux distributions.

	On Solaris and HP-UX 11 systems you should check (and understand)

	the contents of /etc/pam.conf.  Do a "man pam.conf" for more

	information and consider using the "debug" option, if available,

	with your PAM libraries in /etc/pam.conf to obtain syslog output

	for debugging purposes.

  --with-AFS

	Enable AFS support with Kerberos authentication.  Should work under

	AFS 3.3.  If your AFS doesn't have -laudit you should be able to

	link without it.

  --with-DCE

	Enable DCE support for systems without PAM.  Known to work on

	HP-UX 9.X, 10.X, and 11.0; other systems may require source

	code and/or `configure' changes.  On systems with PAM support

	(such as HP-UX 11.0 and higher, Solaris, FreeBSD and Linux), the

	DCE PAM module (usually libpam_dce) should be used instead.

  --with-logincap

	This adds support for login classes specified in /etc/login.conf.

	It is enabled by default on BSD/OS, Darwin, FreeBSD, OpenBSD and

	NetBSD (where available).  By default, a login class is not applied

	unless the 'use_loginclass' option is defined in sudoers or the user

	specifies a class on the command line.

  --with-bsdauth

	Enable support for BSD authentication.  This is the default

	for BSD/OS and OpenBSD systems that support it.

	It is not possible to mix BSD authentication with other

	authentication methods (and there really should be no need

	to do so).  Note that only the newer BSD authentication API

	is supported.  If you don't have /usr/include/bsd_auth.h

	then you cannot use this.

  --with-project

	Enable support for Solaris project resource limits.

	This option is only available on Solaris 9 and above.

  --with-noexec[=PATH]

	Enable support for the "noexec" functionality which prevents

	a dynamically-linked program being run by sudo from executing

	another program (think shell escapes).  Please see the

	"PREVENTING SHELL ESCAPES" section in the sudoers man page

	for details.  If specified, PATH should be a fully qualified

	pathname, e.g. /usr/local/libexec/sudo_noexec.so.  If PATH

	is "no", noexec support will not be compiled in.  The default

	is to compile noexec support if libtool supports building

	shared objects on your OS.

  --disable-pam-session

        Disable sudo's PAM session support.  This may be needed on

        older PAM implementations or on operating systems where

        opening a PAM session changes the utmp or wtmp files.  If

        PAM session support is disabled, resource limits may not

        be updatedin for command being run.

  --disable-root-mailer

	By default sudo will run the mailer as root when tattling

	on a user so as to prevent that user from killing the mailer.

	With this option, sudo will run the mailer as the invoking

	user which some people consider to be safer.

  --disable-setreuid

	Disable use of the setreuid() function for operating systems

	where it is broken.  Mac OS X has setreuid() but it doesn't

	really work.

  --disable-setresuid

	Disable use of the setresuid() function for operating systems

	where it is broken (none currently known).

  --disable-sia

	Disable SIA support.  This is the "Security Integration

	Architecture" on Digital UNIX. If you disable SIA sudo will

	use its own authentication routines.

  --disable-shadow

	Disable shadow password support.  Normally, sudo will compile

	in shadow password support and use a shadow password if it

	exists.

  --with-sudoers-mode=MODE

	File mode for the sudoers file (octal).  Note that if you

	wish to NFS-mount the sudoers file this must be group

	readable.  Also note that this is actually set in the

	Makefile.  The default mode is 0440.

  --with-sudoers-uid=UID

	User id that "owns" the sudoers file.  Note that this is

	the numeric id, *not* the symbolic name.  Also note that

	this is actually set in the Makefile.  The default is 0.

  --with-sudoers-gid=GID

	Group id that "owns" the sudoers file.  Note that this is

	the numeric id, *not* the symbolic name.  Also note that

	this is actually set in the Makefile.  The default is 0.

  --without-interfaces

	This option keeps sudo from trying to glean the ip address

	from each attached ethernet interface.  It is only useful

	on a machine where sudo's interface reading support does

	not work, which may be the case on some SysV-based OS's

	using STREAMS.

  --without-passwd

	This option excludes authentication via the passwd (or

	shadow) file.  It should only be used when another, alternative,

	authentication scheme is in use.

  --with-otp-only

	This option is now just an alias for --without-passwd.

  --with-stow

	Properly handle GNU stow packaging.  The sudoers file will

	physically live in ${prefix}/etc and /etc/sudoers will be

	a symbolic link.

  --with-selinux 

	Enable support for role based access control (RBAC) on

	systems that support SELinux.

The following options are also configurable at runtime:

  --with-long-otp-prompt

	When validating with a One Time Password scheme (S/Key or

	OPIE), a two-line prompt is used to make it easier to cut

	and paste the challenge to a local window.  It's not as

	pretty as the default but some people find it more convenient.

  --with-logging=TYPE

	How you want to do your logging.  You may choose "syslog",

	"file", or "both".  Setting this to "syslog" is nice because

	you can keep all of your sudo logs in one place (see the

	sample.syslog.conf file).  The default is "syslog".

  --with-logfac=FACILITY

	Determines which syslog facility to log to.  This requires

	a 4.3BSD or later version of syslog.  You can still set

	this for ancient syslogs but it will have no effect.  The

	following facilities are supported: authpriv (if your OS

	supports it), auth, daemon, user, local0, local1, local2,

	local3, local4, local5, local6, and local7.

  --with-goodpri=PRIORITY

	Determines which syslog priority to log successfully

	authenticated commands.  The following priorities are

	supported: alert, crit, debug, emerg, err, info, notice,

	and warning.

  --with-badpri=PRIORITY

	Determines which syslog priority to log unauthenticated

	commands and errors.  The following priorities are supported:

	alert, crit, debug, emerg, err, info, notice, and warning.

  --with-logpath=PATH

	Override the default location of the sudo log file and use

	"path" instead.  By default will use /var/log/sudo.log if

	there is a /var/log dir, falling back to /var/adm/sudo.log

	or /usr/adm/sudo.log if not.

  --with-loglen=NUMBER

	Number of characters per line for the file log.  This is only used if

	you are to "file" or "both".  This value is used to decide when to wrap

	lines for nicer log files.  The default is 80.  Setting this to 0

	will disable the wrapping.

  --with-ignore-dot

	If set, sudo will ignore '.' or '' (current dir) in $PATH.

	The $PATH itself is not modified.

  --with-mailto=USER|MAIL_ALIAS

	User (or mail alias) that mail from sudo is sent to.

	This should go to a sysadmin at your site.  The default is "root".

  --with-mailsubject="SUBJECT OF MAIL"

	Subject of the mail sent to the "mailto" user. The token "%h"

	will expand to the hostname of the machine.

	Default is "*** SECURITY information for %h ***".

  --without-mail-if-no-user

	Normally, sudo will mail to the "alertmail" user if the user invoking

	sudo is not in the sudoers file.  This option disables that behavior.

  --with-mail-if-no-host

	Send mail to the "alermail" user if the user exists in the sudoers

	file, but is not allowed to run commands on the current host.

  --with-mail-if-noperms

	Send mail to the "alermail" user if the user is allowed to use sudo but

	the command they are trying is not listed in their sudoers file entry.

  --with-passprompt="PASSWORD PROMPT"

	Default prompt to use when asking for a password; can be overridden

	via the -p option and the SUDO_PROMPT environment variable. Supports

	the "%H", "%h", "%U" and "%u" escapes as documented in the sudo

	manual page.  The default value is "Password:".

  --with-badpass-message="BAD PASSWORD MESSAGE"

	Message that is displayed if a user enters an incorrect password.

	The default is "Sorry, try again." unless insults are turned on.

  --with-fqdn

	Define this if you want to put fully qualified hostnames in the sudoers

	file.  Ie: instead of myhost you would use myhost.mydomain.edu.  You may

	still use the short form if you wish (and even mix the two).  Beware

	that turning FQDN on requires sudo to make DNS lookups which may make

	sudo unusable if your DNS is totally hosed.  Also note that you must

	use the host's official name as DNS knows it.  That is, you may not use

	a host alias (CNAME entry) due to performance issues and the fact that

	there is no way to get all aliases from DNS.

  --with-timedir=PATH

	Override the default location of the sudo timestamp directory and

	use "path" instead.

  --with-sendmail=PATH

	Override configure's guess as to the location of sendmail.

  --without-sendmail

	Do not use sendmail to mail messages to the "mailto" user.

	Use only if don't run sendmail or the equivalent.

  --with-umask=MASK

	Umask to use when running the root command.  The default is 0022.

  --without-umask

	Preserves the umask of the user invoking sudo.

  --with-runas-default=USER

	The default user to run commands as if the -u flag is not specified

	on the command line.  This defaults to "root".

  --with-exempt=GROUP

	Users in the specified group don't need to enter a password when

	running sudo.  This may be useful for sites that don't want their

	"core" sysadmins to have to enter a password but where Jr. sysadmins

	need to.  You should probably use NOPASSWD in sudoers instead.

  --with-passwd-tries=NUMBER

	Number of tries a user gets to enter his/her password before sudo logs

	the failure and exits.  The default is 3.

  --with-timeout=NUMBER

	Number of minutes that can elapse before sudo will ask for a passwd

	again.  The default is 5, set this to 0 to always prompt for a password.

  --with-password-timeout=NUMBER

	Number of minutes before the sudo password prompt times out.

	The default is 5, set this to 0 for no password timeout.

  --with-tty-tickets

	This makes sudo use a different ticket file for each user/tty combo.

	Ie: instead of the ticket path being "username" it is "username/tty".

	This is useful for "shared" accounts like "operator".  Note that this

	means that there will be more files in the timestamp dir.  This is not

	a problem if your system has a cron job to remove of files from /tmp

	(or wherever you specified the timestamp dir to be).

  --with-insults

	Define this if you want to be insulted for typing an incorrect password

	just like the original sudo(8).  This is off by default.

  --with-all-insults

	Include all the insult sets listed below.  You must either specify

	--with-insults or enable insults in the sudoers file for this to

	have any effect.

  --with-classic-insults

	Uses insults from sudo "classic."  If you just specify --with-insults

	you will get the classic and CSOps insults.  This is on by default if

	--with-insults is given.

  --with-csops-insults

	Insults the user with an extra set of insults (some quotes, some

	original) from a sysadmin group at CU (CSOps).  You must specify

	--with-insults as well for this to have any effect.  This is on by

	default if --with-insults is given.

  --with-hal-insults

	Uses 2001-like insults when an incorrect password is entered.

	You must either specify --with-insults or enable insults in the

	sudoers file for this to have any effect.

  --with-goons-insults

	Insults the user with lines from the "Goon Show" when an incorrect

	password is entered.  You must either specify --with-insults or

	enable insults in the sudoers file for this to have any effect.

  --with-pc-insults

	Replace politically incorrect insults with less objectionable ones.

  --with-secure-path[=PATH]

	Path used for every command run from sudo(8).  If you don't trust the

	people running sudo to have a sane PATH environment variable you may

	want to use this.  Another use is if you want to have the "root path"

	be separate from the "user path."  You will need to customize the path

	for your site.  NOTE: this is not applied to users in the group

	specified by --with-exemptgroup.  If you do not specify a path,

	"/bin:/usr/ucb:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/etc:/etc" is used.

  --without-lecture

	Don't print the lecture the first time a user runs sudo.

  --with-editor=PATH

	Specify the default editor path for use by visudo.  This may be a

	single pathname or a colon-separated list of editors.  In the latter

	case, visudo will choose the editor that matches the user's VISUAL

	or EDITOR environment variables or the first editor in the list that

	exists.  The default is the path to vi on your system.

  --with-env-editor

	Makes visudo consult the VISUAL and EDITOR environment variables before

	falling back on the default editor list (as specified by --with-editor).

	Note that this may create a security hole as it allows the user to

	run any arbitrary command as root without logging.  A safer alternative

	is to use a colon-separated list of editors with the --with-editor

	option.  visudo will then only use the VISUAL or EDITOR variables

	if they match a value specified via --with-editor.

  --with-askpass=PATH

        Set PATH as the "askpass" program to use when no tty is

        available.  Typically, this is a graphical password prompter,

        similar to the one used by ssh.  The program must take a

        prompt as an argument and print the received password to

        the standard output.

  --disable-authentication

	By default, sudo requires the user to authenticate via a

	password or similar means.  This options causes sudo to

	*not* require authentication.  It is possible to turn

	authentication back on in sudoers via the PASSWD attribute.

  --disable-root-sudo

	Don't let root run sudo.  This can be used to prevent people from

	"chaining" sudo commands to get a root shell by doing something

	like "sudo sudo /bin/sh".

  --enable-gss-krb5-ccache-name

        Use the gss_krb5_ccache_name() function to set the Kerberos

        V credential cache file name.  By default, sudo will use

        the KRB5CCNAME environment variable to set this.  While

        gss_krb5_ccache_name() provides a better API to do this it

        is not supported by all Kerberos V and SASL combinations.

  --enable-log-host

	Log the hostname in the log file.

  --enable-noargs-shell

	If sudo is invoked with no arguments it acts as if the "-s" flag had

	been given.  That is, it runs a shell as root (the shell is determined

	by the SHELL environment variable, falling back on the shell listed

	in the invoking user's /etc/passwd entry).

  --enable-shell-sets-home

	If sudo is invoked with the "-s" flag the HOME environment variable

	will be set to the home directory of the target user (which is root

	unless the "-u" option is used).  This option effectively makes the

	"-s" flag imply "-H".

  --disable-path-info

	Normally, sudo will tell the user when a command could not be found

	in their $PATH.  Some sites may wish to disable this as it could

	be used to gather information on the location of executables that

	the normal user does not have access to.  The disadvantage is that

	if the executable is simply not in the user's path, sudo will tell

	the user that they are not allowed to run it, which can be confusing.

Shadow password and C2 support

==============================

Shadow passwords (also included with most C2 security packages) are

supported on most major platforms for which they exist.  The

`configure' script will attempt to determine if your system can use

shadow passwords and include support for them if so.  Shadow password

support is now compiled in by default (it doesn't hurt anything if you

don't have them configured).  To disable the shadow password support,

use the --disable-shadow option to configure.

Shadow passwords are known to work on the following platforms:

    SunOS 4.x

    Solaris 2.x

    HP-UX >= 9.x

    Ultrix 4.x

    Digital UNIX

    IRIX >= 5.x

    AIX >= 3.2.x

    ConvexOS with C2 security (not tested recently)

    Linux

    SCO >= 3.2.2

    Pyramid DC/OSx

    UnixWare

    SVR4 (and variants using standard SVR4 shadow passwords)

    4.4BSD based systems (including OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD, and BSD/OS)

    OS's using SecureWare's C2 security.

OS dependent notes

==================

OpenBSD < 2.2 and NetBSD < 1.2.1:

    The fdesc file system has a bug wrt /dev/tty handling that

    causes sudo to hang at the password prompt.  The workaround

    is to run configure with --with-password-timeout=0

Solaris 2.x:

    You need to have a C compiler in order to build sudo.

    Since Solaris 2.x does not come with one by default this

    means that you either need to have purchased the unbundled Sun

    C compiler or have a copy of the GNU C compiler (gcc).

    The SunSoft Catalyst CD should contain gcc binaries for

    Solaris.  You can also get them from various places on the

    net, including http://www.sunfreeware.com/

    NOTE: sudo will *not* build with the sun C compiler in BSD

	  compatibility mode (/usr/ucb/cc).  Sudo is designed to

	  compile with the standard C compiler (or gcc) and will

	  not build correctly with /usr/ucb/cc.  You can use the

	  `--with-CC' option to point `configure' to the non-ucb

	  compiler if it is not the first cc in your path.  Some

	  sites link /usr/ucb/cc to gcc; configure will not notice

	  this an still refuse to use /usr/ucb/cc, so make sure gcc

	  is also in your path if your site is setup this way.

    Also: Many versions of Solaris come with a broken syslogd.

	  If you have having problems with sudo logging you should

	  make sure you have the latest syslogd patch installed.

	  This is a problem for Solaris 2.4 and 2.5 at least.

AIX 3.2.x:

    I've had various problems with the AIX C compiler producing

    incorrect code when the -O flag was used.  When optimization

    is not used, the problems go away.  Gcc does not appear

    to have this problem.

    Also, the AIX 3.2.x lex will not work with sudo's parse.lex.

    This should not be a problem as sudo comes shipped with

    a pre-generated lex.yy.c (created by flex).  If you want

    to modify the lex tokenizer, make sure you grab a copy of

    flex from ftp.ee.lbl.gov (also available on most GNU mirrors)

    and sudo will use that instead.

Ultrix 4.x:

    Ultrix still ships with the 4.2BSD syslog(3) which does not

    allow things like logging different facilities to different

    files, redirecting logs to a single loghost and other niceties.

    You may want to just grab and install:

	ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/DEC/jtkohl-syslog-complete.tar.Z

    (available via anonymous ftp) which is a port if the 4.3BSD

    syslog/syslogd that is backwards compatible with the Ultrix version.

    I recommend it highly.  If you do not do this you probably want

    to run configure with --with-logging=file

Digital UNIX:

    By default, sudo will use SIA (Security Integration Architecture)

    to validate a user.  If you want to use an alternative authentication

    method that does not go through SIA, you need to use the

    --disable-sia option to configure.  If you use gcc to compile

    you will get warnings when building interfaces.c.  These are

    harmless but if they really bug you, you can edit

    /usr/include/net/if.h around line 123, right after the comment:

	/* forward decls for C++ */

    change the line:

	#ifdef __cplusplus

    to:

	#if defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__GNUC__)

    If you don't like the idea of editing the system header file

    you can just make a copy in gcc's private include tree and

    edit that.

Linux:

    PAM and LDAP headers are not installed by default on most Linux

    systems.  You will need to install the "pav-dev" package if

    /usr/include/security/pam_appl.h is not present on your system.

    If you wish to build with LDAP support you will also need the

    openldap-devel package.

    Versions of glibc 2.x previous to 2.0.7 have a broken lsearch().

    You will need to either upgrade to glibc-2.0.7 or use sudo's

    version of lsearch().  To use sudo's lsearch(), comment out

    the "#define HAVE_LSEARCH 1" line in config.h and add lsearch.o

    to the LIBOBJS line in the Makefile.

    If you are using a Linux kernel older than 2.4 it is not possible

    to access the sudoers file via NFS.  This is due to a bug in

    the Linux client-side NFS implementation that has since been

    fixed.  There is a workaround on the sudo ftp site, linux_nfs.patch,

    if you need to NFS-mount sudoers on older Linux kernels.

Mac OS X:

    It has been reported that for sudo to work on Mac OS X it must

    either be built with the --with-password-timeout=0 option or the

    password timeout must be disabled in the Defaults line in the

    sudoers file.  If sudo just hangs when you try to enter a password,

    you need to disable the password timeout (Note: this is not a bug

    in sudo).

SCO ODT:

    You'll probably need libcrypt_i.a available via anonymous ftp

    from sosco.sco.com.  The necessary files are /SLS/lng225b.Z

    and /SLS/lng225b.ltr.Z.

Dynix:

    Some people have experienced problems building sudo with gcc

    on Dynix.  If you experience problems compiling sudo using gcc

    on Dynix, try using the native compiler (cc).  You can do so

    by removing the config.cache file and then re-running configure

    with the --with-CC=cc option.

HP-UX:

    The default C compiler shipped with HP-UX does not support creating

    position independent code and so is unable to support sudo's "noexec"

    functionality.  You must use either the HP ANSI C compiler or gcc for

    noexec to work.  Binary packages of gcc are available from

    http://hpux.connect.org.uk/ and http://hpux.cs.utah.edu/.

    To prevent PAM from overriding the value of umask on HP-UX 11,

    you will need to add a line like the following to /etc/pam.conf:

    sudo	session	required	libpam_hpsec.so.1 bypass_umask

SunOS 4.x:

    The /bin/sh shipped with SunOS blows up while running configure.

    You can work around this by installalling bash or zsh.  If you

    have bash or zsh in your path, configure will use it instead

    automatically.