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href="lxml-source-howto.html#lxml-html">lxml.html</a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="menu foreign" id="changes 3 1 0-menu"><li class="menu title"><a href="changes-3.1.0.html">Release Changelog</a></li></ul><ul class="menu foreign" id="credits-menu"><li class="menu title"><a href="credits.html">Credits</a><ul class="submenu"><li class="menu item"><a href="credits.html#main-contributors">Main contributors</a></li><li class="menu item"><a href="credits.html#special-thanks-goes-to">Special thanks goes to:</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="http://lxml.de/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></li></ul></div><h1 class="title">Installing lxml</h1>
<p>For special installation instructions regarding MS Windows and
MacOS-X, see the specific sections below.</p>
<div class="contents topic" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#requirements" id="id1">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installation" id="id2">Installation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#building-lxml-from-sources" id="id3">Building lxml from sources</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-lxml-with-python-libxml2" id="id4">Using lxml with python-libxml2</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ms-windows" id="id5">MS Windows</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#macos-x" id="id6">MacOS-X</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="requirements">
<h1>Requirements</h1>
<p>You need Python 2.4 or later.</p>
<p>Unless you are using a static binary distribution (e.g. from a
Windows binary installer), you need to install libxml2 and libxslt,
in particular:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>libxml2 2.6.21 or later. It can be found here:
<a class="reference external" href="http://xmlsoft.org/downloads.html">http://xmlsoft.org/downloads.html</a><ul>
<li>We recommend libxml2 2.7.8 or a later version.</li>
<li>If you want to use XPath, do not use libxml2 2.6.27.</li>
<li>If you want to use the feed parser interface, especially when
parsing from unicode strings, do not use libxml2 2.7.4 through
2.7.6.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>libxslt 1.1.15 or later. It can be found here:
<a class="reference external" href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/downloads.html">http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/downloads.html</a><ul>
<li>We recommend libxslt 1.1.26 or later.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Newer versions generally contain fewer bugs and are therefore
recommended. XML Schema support is also still worked on in libxml2,
so newer versions will give you better compliance with the W3C spec.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installation">
<h1>Installation</h1>
<p>Unless you are on MS Windows, the best way to install lxml is to
get the <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip">pip</a> package management tool and run the following as
super-user (or administrator):</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>To install a specific version, either download the distribution
manually and let pip install that, or pass the desired version
to pip:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
pip install lxml==2.3
</pre>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">For <strong>MS Windows</strong>, we no longer provide binary distributions. Also
see the related <a class="reference external" href="FAQ.html#where-are-the-binary-builds">FAQ entry</a>.
If you fail to build lxml on your MS Windows system from the signed
and tested sources that we release, consider using the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#lxml">unofficial
Windows binaries</a>
that Christoph Gohlke generously provides.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">On <strong>Linux</strong> (and most other well-behaved operating systems),
<tt class="docutils literal">pip</tt> will manage to build the source distribution as
long as libxml2 and libxslt are properly installed, including
development packages, i.e. header files, etc. Use your package
management tool to look for packages like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libxml2-dev</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libxslt-devel</span></tt> if the build fails, and make sure they are
installed. Alternatively, setting <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS=true</tt> will
download and build both libraries automatically.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">On <strong>MacOS-X</strong>, use the following to build the source distribution,
and make sure you have a working Internet connection, as this will
download libxml2 and libxslt in order to build them:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
STATIC_DEPS=true sudo pip install lxml
</pre>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="building-lxml-from-sources">
<h1>Building lxml from sources</h1>
<p>If you want to build lxml from the GitHub repository, you should read
<a class="reference external" href="build.html">how to build lxml from source</a> (or the file <tt class="docutils literal">doc/build.txt</tt> in the
source tree). Building from developer sources or from modified
distribution sources requires <a class="reference external" href="http://www.cython.org">Cython</a> to translate the lxml sources
into C code. The source distribution ships with pre-generated C
source files, so you do not need Cython installed to build from
release sources.</p>
<p>If you have read these instructions and still cannot manage to install lxml,
you can check the archives of the <a class="reference external" href="http://lxml.de/mailinglist/">mailing list</a> to see if your problem is
known or otherwise send a mail to the list.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-lxml-with-python-libxml2">
<h1>Using lxml with python-libxml2</h1>
<p>If you want to use lxml together with the official libxml2 Python
bindings (maybe because one of your dependencies uses it), you must
build lxml statically. Otherwise, the two packages will interfere in
places where the libxml2 library requires global configuration, which
can have any kind of effect from disappearing functionality to crashes
in either of the two.</p>
<p>To get a static build, either pass the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--static-deps</span></tt> option to the
setup.py script, or run <tt class="docutils literal">pip</tt> with the <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS</tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal">STATICBUILD</tt> environment variable set to true, i.e.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
STATIC_DEPS=true pip install lxml
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal">STATICBUILD</tt> environment variable is handled equivalently to
the <tt class="docutils literal">STATIC_DEPS</tt> variable, but is used by some other extension
packages, too.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="ms-windows">
<h1>MS Windows</h1>
<p>Most MS Windows systems lack the necessarily tools to build software,
starting with a C compiler already. Microsoft leaves it to users to
install and configure them, which is usually not trivial and means
that distributors cannot rely on these dependencies being available
on a given system. In a way, you get what you've paid for and make
others pay for it.</p>
<p>Due to the additional lack of package management of this platform,
it is best to link the library dependencies statically if you decide
to build from sources. For that, use the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/libxml.en.html">binary distribution of
libxml2 and libxslt</a>.
You need both libxml2 and libxslt, as well as iconv and zlib,
which you can get from the same download site. Further build
instructions are in the <a class="reference external" href="build.html">source build documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="macos-x">
<h1>MacOS-X</h1>
<p>A <a class="reference external" href="http://macports.org/">macport</a> of lxml is available. Try
something like <tt class="docutils literal">port install <span class="pre">py25-lxml</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If you want to use a more recent lxml release, you may have to build
it yourself. Apple doesn't help here, as MacOS-X is so badly maintained
by them that the pre-installed system libraries of libxml2 and libxslt
tend to be horribly outdated, and updating them is everything but easy.
In any case, you cannot run lxml with the system provided libraries,
so you have to use newer libraries.</p>
<p>Luckily, lxml's <tt class="docutils literal">setup.py</tt> script has built-in support for building
and integrating these libraries statically during the build. Please
read the
<a class="reference external" href="build.html#building-lxml-on-macos-x">MacOS-X build instructions</a>.</p>
<p>A number of users also reported success with updated libraries (e.g.
using <a class="reference external" href="http://finkproject.org/">fink</a> or macports), but needed to set
the runtime environment variable <tt class="docutils literal">DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH</tt> to the directory
where fink keeps the libraries. In any case, this method is easy to get
wrong and everything but safe. Unless you know what you are doing,
follow the static build instructions above.</p>
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Generated on: 2013-02-10.
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