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.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de),
.\" Fri Apr 2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
.\"
.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" Tue Jul 6 12:42:46 MDT 1993 <dminer@nyx.cs.du.edu>
.\" Added "Calling Directly" and supporting paragraphs
.\"
.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 15:19:12 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\"
.\" Modified 21 Aug 1994 by Michael Chastain <mec@shell.portal.com>:
.\" Added explanation of arg stacking when 6 or more args.
.\"
.\" Modified 10 June 1995 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\"
.\" äÁÔÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ ËÏÒÒÅËÃÉÉ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ 14.12.2003
.\" ïÒÉÇÉÎÁÌØÎÙÊ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ áÌÅËÓÅÑ íÁÈÏÔËÉÎÁ <alexm@hsys.msk.ru> 1999-2001
.\" äÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ É ÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ ÓÄÅÌÁÌ ÷ÉËÔÏÒ ÷ÉÓÌÏÂÏËÏ× <corochoone@perm.ru>
.\" http://www.linuxshare.ru/projects/trans/mans.html
.\"
.TH INTRO 2 1996-05-22 "Linux 1.2.13" "òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÉÓÔÁ Linux"
.SH éíñ
intro, _syscall \- óÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù: ××ÅÄÅÎÉÅ
.SH ïðéóáîéå
÷ ÜÔÏÊ ÇÌÁ×Å ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù Linux. óÐÉÓÏË ÜÔÉÈ 164
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ×ÙÚÏ×Ï× ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × syscalls(2).
.SS "ðÒÑÍÏÊ ×ÙÚÏ×"
÷ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Å ÓÌÕÞÁÅ× ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù
ÎÁÐÒÑÍÕÀ, ÎÏ ÂÙ×ÁÀÔ ÓÌÕÞÁÉ, ËÏÇÄÁ óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÁÑ âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ ñÚÙËÁ C
(libc) ÎÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÕÅÔ ËÁËÕÀ-ÎÉÂÕÄØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÕÀ ÆÕÎËÃÉÀ.
.SS "ëÒÁÔËÁÑ ó×ÏÄËÁ"
.B #include <linux/unistd.h>
A _syscall macro
desired system call
.SS îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ
ïÞÅÎØ ×ÁÖÎÏ ÚÎÁÔØ ÐÒÏÔÏÔÉÐ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á. ÷ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÚÎÁÔØ,
ÓËÏÌØËÏ Õ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×, ËÁËÏ×Ù ÉÈ ÔÉÐÙ, ËÁËÏ× ÔÉÐ,
×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÍÙÊ ÆÕÎËÃÉÅÊ. åÓÔØ ÛÅÓÔØ ÍÁËÒÏÓÏ×, ÏÂÌÅÇÞÁÀÝÉÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ
×ÙÚÏ×Ù. ïÎÉ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÑÔ ÔÁË:
.sp
.RS
.RI _syscall X ( type , name , type1 , arg1 , type2 , arg2 ,...)
.RS
.HP
ÇÄÅ \fIX\fP ÒÁ×ÎÏ ÏÔ 0 ÄÏ 5 É ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×,
ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÍÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍ ×ÙÚÏ×ÏÍ
.HP
\fItype\fP ÜÔÏ ÔÉÐ, ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÍÙÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍ ×ÙÚÏ×ÏÍ
.HP
\fIname\fP ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á
.HP
\fItypeN\fP ÔÉÐ N-ÏÇÏ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
.HP
\fIargN\fP ÉÍÑ N-ÏÇÏ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
.RE
.RE
.sp
üÔÉ ÍÁËÒÏÓÙ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔ ÆÕÎËÃÉÀ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \fIname\fP, Ó
ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁÍÉ. ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ×Ù ×ËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÍÁËÒÏÓ _syscall()
× Ó×ÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ Ó ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÍ ËÏÄÏÍ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ,
ÐÏÌØÚÕÑÓØ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ \fIname\fP.
.SH ðòéíåò
.nf
.sp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h> /* for _syscallX macros/related stuff */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* for struct sysinfo */
_syscall1(int, sysinfo, struct sysinfo *, info);
/* Note: if you copy directly from the nroff source, remember to
REMOVE the extra backslashes in the printf statement. */
int main(void)
{
struct sysinfo s_info;
int error;
error = sysinfo(&s_info);
printf("code error = %d\\n", error);
printf("Uptime = %lds\\nLoad: 1 min %lu / 5 min %lu / 15 min %lu\\n"
"RAM: total %lu / free %lu / shared %lu\\n"
"Memory in buffers = %lu\\nSwap: total %lu / free %lu\\n"
"Number of processes = %d\\n",
s_info.uptime, s_info.loads[0],
s_info.loads[1], s_info.loads[2],
s_info.totalram, s_info.freeram,
s_info.sharedram, s_info.bufferram,
s_info.totalswap, s_info.freeswap,
s_info.procs);
return(0);
}
.fi
.SH "ðÒÉÍÅÒ ÷ÙÄÁÞÉ"
.nf
code error = 0
uptime = 502034s
Load: 1 min 13376 / 5 min 5504 / 15 min 1152
RAM: total 15343616 / free 827392 / shared 8237056
Memory in buffers = 5066752
Swap: total 27881472 / free 24698880
Number of processes = 40
.fi
.SH úáíåþáîéñ
íÁËÒÏÓÙ _syscall() îå ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔ ÐÒÏÔÏÔÉÐÁ. ÷ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ×ÒÕÞÎÕÀ, ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ÎÁ C++.
.sp
óÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù ÎÅ ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÀÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÌÏÖÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÉÌÉ
ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÄÙ ÏÛÉÂÏË. þÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÑÓÎÉÔØ ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ ÄÅÌ,
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔØÓÑ Ë ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÍ ÔÅËÓÔÁÍ. ïÂÙÞÎÏ ËÏÄ ÏÛÉÂËÉ
-- ÜÔÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ËÏÄ ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÓÏ ÚÎÁËÏÍ ÍÉÎÕÓ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
\-\fBEPERM\fP. íÁËÒÏÓÙ _syscall() ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÀÔ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ
×ÙÚÏ×Á
.IR r ,
ÅÓÌÉ
.I r
ÎÅÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, Á × ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÀÔ \-1 É ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ
.I errno
× ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ \-\fIr\fP.
ëÏÄÙ ÏÛÉÂÏË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ×
.BR errno (3).
.sp
îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË
.BR mmap ,
ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÐÑÔÉ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×. ïÎÉ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ
ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÎÁ ÓÔÅË É ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌÑ ÎÁ ÂÌÏË ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×.
.sp
ðÒÉ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ äïìöîù ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÔØÓÑ "ÐÏ
ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÀ" ÉÌÉ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌÑ (ÄÌÑ ÁÇÒÅÇÁÔÎÙÈ ÔÉÐÏ×, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒ).
.sp
ðÒÅÄÐÏÞÔÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ×ÙÚÏ×Ï×, Ï ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÐÏËÁ ÅÝ£
ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÔ glibc, ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ × ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ
.BR syscall (2).
.SH "óïïô÷åôóô÷éå óôáîäáòôáí"
äÌÑ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÏ× Unix É ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ×ÙÚÏ×Ù, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × ÜÔÏÊ ÓÅËÃÉÉ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á,
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÓÏËÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ:
.TP
SVr4
Unix-System V Release 4, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÁÑ × "Programmer's Reference
Manual: Operating System API (Intel processors)" (Prentice-Hall
1992, ISBN 0-13-951294-2)
.TP
SVID
System V Interface Definition (ïÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ éÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁ óÉÓÔÅÍÙ V),
ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÏÅ × "The System V Interface Definition, Fourth Edition".
.TP
POSIX.1
IEEE 1003.1-1990 ÞÁÓÔØ 1, ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÊ ËÁË ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990s,
ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÊ ËÁË "IEEE Portable Operating System Interface for
Computing Environments" (éÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ðÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÏÊ ïÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ óÉÓÔÅÍÙ
ÄÌÑ ÷ÙÞÉÓÌÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ óÒÅÄ IEEE), ÒÁÚßÑÓÎÅÎÎÙÊ × ËÎÉÇÅ Donald Lewine
"POSIX Programmer's Guide" (O'Reilly & Associates, Inc., 1991, ISBN
0-937175-73-0.
.TP
POSIX.1b
IEEE Std 1003.1b-1993 (ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ POSIX.1b), ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
ÒÁÂÏÔÙ × ÒÅÁÌØÎÏÍ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ ÐÏÄ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÙÍÉ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ,
ÒÁÚßÑÓÎÅÎÎÙÊ × ËÎÉÇÅ Bill O. Gallmeister "Programming for the real
world \- POSIX.4" (O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. ISBN 1-56592-074-0).
.TP
4.3BSD/4.4BSD
÷ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.3 É 4.4. ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÃÉÉ Berkeley Unix. 4.4BSD ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ
ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÁ Ó 4.3.
.TP
SUS, SUSv2
Single Unix Specification. (òÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÁ X/Open É The Open Group.
óÍÏÔÒÉ ÔÁËÖÅ http://www.UNIX-systems.org/version2/.)
.TP
V7
÷ÅÒÓÉÑ 7, ÉÓÈÏÄÎÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ Unix ÏÔ Bell Labs.
.SH æáêìù
.I /usr/include/linux/unistd.h
.SH "óíïôòé ôáëöå"
.BR errno (3)
.BR syscall (2),
.SH ðåòå÷ïä
Copyright (C) Alexey Mahotkin <alexm@hsys.msk.ru> 1999,
÷ÉËÔÏÒ ÷ÉÓÌÏÂÏËÏ× <corochoone@perm.ru> 2003
|