~ablacksheep/serverguide/saucy : revision 158

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msgstr ""

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"Project-Id-Version: ubuntu-docs\n"

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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"

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"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-05 21:27-0700\n"

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"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-11 08:26-0700\n"

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"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-04-07 04:20+0000\n"

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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"

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"Language-Team: Lao <lo@li.org>\n"

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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

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"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2013-04-11 15:08+0000\n"

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"X-Generator: Launchpad (build 16550)\n"

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"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2013-08-21 20:32+0000\n"

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"X-Generator: Launchpad (build 16734)\n"

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20

#: serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:11(title)

21

msgid "Web Servers"

86

"for the development and deployment of Web-based applications."

87

msgstr ""

88

89

#: serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:51(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:689(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:832(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:955(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:62(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1594(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:26(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:84(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:403(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:81(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:292(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:46(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:269(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:470(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:971(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:1085(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:119(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2771(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3243(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:40(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:429(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:38(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:548(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:737(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:887(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:1377(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:110(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:272(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:408(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:512(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:11(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:941(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1222(title) serverguide/C/file-server.xml:357(title) serverguide/C/file-server.xml:646(title) serverguide/C/dns.xml:21(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:37(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:307(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:35(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:134(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:596(title)

89

#: serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:51(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:689(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:832(title) serverguide/C/web-servers.xml:955(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:71(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1891(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:26(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:84(title) serverguide/C/vcs.xml:403(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:81(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:292(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:46(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:269(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:470(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:971(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:1085(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:119(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2771(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3243(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:40(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:429(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:38(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:548(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:737(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:887(title) serverguide/C/mail.xml:1377(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:110(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:272(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:408(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:512(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:11(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:941(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1222(title) serverguide/C/file-server.xml:357(title) serverguide/C/file-server.xml:646(title) serverguide/C/dns.xml:21(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:37(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:307(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:35(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:134(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:596(title)

90

msgid "Installation"

91

msgstr ""

92

2219

msgid "Make sure you have the bridge-utils package installed:"

2220

msgstr ""

2221

2222

#: serverguide/C/vpn.xml:483(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1160(command) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:542(command)

2222

#: serverguide/C/vpn.xml:483(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1437(command) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:542(command)

2223

msgid "sudo apt-get install bridge-utils"

2224

msgstr ""

2225

2638

msgid "Virtualization"

2639

msgstr ""

2640

2641

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:12(para)

2641

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:13(para)

2642

msgid ""

2643

"Virtualization is being adopted in many different environments and "

2644

"situations. If you are a developer, virtualization can provide you with a "

2648

"services and move them around based on demand."

2649

msgstr ""

2650

2651

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:18(para)

2651

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:20(para)

2652

msgid ""

2653

"The default virtualization technology supported in Ubuntu is "

2654

"<application>KVM</application>. KVM requires virtualization extensions built "

2659

"hardware without virtualization extensions."

2660

msgstr ""

2661

2662

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:26(title)

2662

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:29(title)

2663

msgid "libvirt"

2664

msgstr ""

2665

2666

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:27(para)

2666

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:31(para)

2667

msgid ""

2668

"The <application>libvirt</application> library is used to interface with "

2669

"different virtualization technologies. Before getting started with "

2672

"<application>KVM</application>. Enter the following from a terminal prompt:"

2673

msgstr ""

2674

2675

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:34(command)

2675

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:39(command)

2676

msgid "kvm-ok"

2677

msgstr ""

2678

2679

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:36(para)

2679

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:42(para)

2680

msgid ""

2681

"A message will be printed informing you if your CPU "

2682

"<emphasis>does</emphasis> or <emphasis>does not</emphasis> support hardware "

2683

"virtualization."

2684

msgstr ""

2685

2686

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:40(para)

2686

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:47(para)

2687

msgid ""

2688

"On many computers with processors supporting hardware assisted "

2689

"virtualization, it is necessary to activate an option in the BIOS to enable "

2690

"it."

2691

msgstr ""

2692

2693

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:46(title)

2693

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:53(title)

2694

msgid "Virtual Networking"

2695

msgstr ""

2696

2697

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:48(para)

2697

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:55(para)

2698

msgid ""

2699

"There are a few different ways to allow a virtual machine access to the "

2700

"external network. The default virtual network configuration includes "

2703

"protocol. Traffic is NATed through the host interface to the outside network."

2704

msgstr ""

2705

2706

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:54(para)

2706

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:62(para)

2707

msgid ""

2708

"To enable external hosts to directly access services on virtual machines a "

2709

"different type of <emphasis>bridge</emphasis> than the default needs to be "

2710

"configured. This allows the virtual interfaces to connect to the outside "

2711

"network through the physical interface, making them appear as normal hosts "

2712

"to the rest of the network. For information on setting up a bridge see <xref "

2713

"linkend=\"bridging\"/>."

2713

"linkend=\"cloud-bridging\"/>."

2714

msgstr ""

2715

2716

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:63(para)

2716

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:73(para)

2717

msgid "To install the necessary packages, from a terminal prompt enter:"

2718

msgstr ""

2719

2720

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:67(command)

2720

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:77(command)

2721

msgid "sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin"

2722

msgstr ""

2723

2724

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:69(para)

2724

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:80(para)

2725

msgid ""

2726

"After installing <application>libvirt-bin</application>, the user used to "

2727

"manage virtual machines will need to be added to the "

2729

"the advanced networking options."

2730

msgstr ""

2731

2732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:73(para)

2732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:85(para)

2733

msgid "In a terminal enter:"

2734

msgstr ""

2735

2736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:77(command)

2736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:88(command)

2737

msgid "sudo adduser $USER libvirtd"

2738

msgstr ""

2739

2740

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:80(para)

2740

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:92(para)

2741

msgid ""

2742

"If the user chosen is the current user, you will need to log out and back in "

2743

"for the new group membership to take effect."

2744

msgstr ""

2745

2746

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:84(para)

2746

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:96(para)

2747

msgid ""

2748

"You are now ready to install a <emphasis>Guest</emphasis> operating system. "

2749

"Installing a virtual machine follows the same process as installing the "

2752

"physical machine."

2753

msgstr ""

2754

2755

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:89(para)

2755

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:102(para)

2756

msgid ""

2757

"In the case of virtual machines a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is "

2758

"analogous to using a physical keyboard and mouse. Instead of installing a "

2761

"See <xref linkend=\"libvirt-virt-viewer\"/> for more information."

2762

msgstr ""

2763

2764

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:94(para)

2764

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:109(para)

2765

msgid ""

2766

"There are several ways to automate the Ubuntu installation process, for "

2767

"example using preseeds, kickstart, etc. Refer to the <ulink "

2769

"Installation Guide</ulink> for details."

2770

msgstr ""

2771

2772

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:98(para)

2772

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:114(para)

2773

msgid ""

2774

"Yet another way to install an Ubuntu virtual machine is to use "

2775

"<application>ubuntu-vm-builder</application>. <application>ubuntu-vm-"

2776

"builder</application> allows you to setup advanced partitions, execute "

2777

"custom post-install scripts, etc. For details see <xref linkend=\"jeos-and-"

2778

"vmbuilder\"/>"

2777

"custom post-install scripts, etc. For details see <xref linkend=\"cloud-"

2778

"images-and-vmbuilder\"/>"

2779

msgstr ""

2780

2781

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:102(para)

2781

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:120(para)

2782

msgid ""

2783

"Libvirt can also be configured work with <application>Xen</application>. For "

2784

"details, see the Xen Ubuntu community page referenced below."

2785

msgstr ""

2786

2787

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:107(title)

2787

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:126(title)

2788

msgid "virt-install"

2789

msgstr ""

2790

2791

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:108(para)

2791

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:128(para)

2792

msgid ""

2793

"<application>virt-install</application> is part of the "

2794

"<application>virtinst</application> package. To install it, from a terminal "

2795

"prompt enter:"

2796

msgstr ""

2797

2798

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:112(command)

2798

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:133(command)

2799

msgid "sudo apt-get install virtinst"

2800

msgstr ""

2801

2802

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:114(para)

2802

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:136(para)

2803

msgid ""

2804

"There are several options available when using <application>virt-"

2805

"install</application>. For example:"

2806

msgstr ""

2807

2808

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:118(command)

2808

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:140(command)

2809

msgid ""

2810

"sudo virt-install -n web_devel -r 256 \\ --disk "

2811

"path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/web_devel.img,bus=virtio,size=4 -c \\ jeos.iso -"

2812

"-network network=default,model=virtio \\ --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --"

2813

"noautoconsole -v"

2811

"path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/web_devel.img,bus=virtio,size=4 -c \\ ubuntu-"

2812

"13.04-server-i386.iso --network network=default,model=virtio \\ --graphics "

2813

"vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole -v"

2814

msgstr ""

2815

2816

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:125(para)

2816

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:148(para)

2817

msgid ""

2818

"<emphasis>-n web_devel:</emphasis> the name of the new virtual machine will "

2819

"be <emphasis>web_devel</emphasis> in this example."

2820

msgstr ""

2821

2822

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:130(para)

2822

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:154(para)

2823

msgid ""

2824

"<emphasis>-r 256:</emphasis> specifies the amount of memory the virtual "

2825

"machine will use in megabytes."

2826

msgstr ""

2827

2828

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:135(para)

2828

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:159(para)

2829

msgid ""

2830

"<emphasis>--disk "

2831

"path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/web_devel.img,size=4:</emphasis> indicates the "

2835

"<emphasis>virtio</emphasis> for the disk bus."

2836

msgstr ""

2837

2838

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:142(para)

2838

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:169(para)

2839

msgid ""

2840

"<emphasis>-c jeos.iso:</emphasis> file to be used as a virtual CDROM. The "

2841

"file can be either an ISO file or the path to the host's CDROM device."

2840

"<emphasis>-c ubuntu-13.04-server-i386.iso:</emphasis> file to be used as a "

2841

"virtual CDROM. The file can be either an ISO file or the path to the host's "

2842

"CDROM device."

2842

2843

msgstr ""

2843

2844

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:148(para)

2845

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:175(para)

2845

2846

msgid ""

2846

2847

"<emphasis>--network</emphasis> provides details related to the VM's network "

2847

2848

"interface. Here the <emphasis>default</emphasis> network is used, and the "

2848

2849

"interface model is configured for <emphasis>virtio</emphasis>."

2849

2850

msgstr ""

2850

2851

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:154(para)

2852

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:182(para)

2852

2853

msgid ""

2853

2854

"<emphasis>--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0:</emphasis> exports the guest's "

2854

2855

"virtual console using VNC and on all host interfaces. Typically servers have "

2856

2857

"connect via VNC to complete the installation."

2857

2858

msgstr ""

2858

2859

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:160(para)

2860

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:190(para)

2860

2861

msgid ""

2861

2862

"<emphasis>--noautoconsole:</emphasis> will not automatically connect to the "

2862

2863

"virtual machine's console."

2863

2864

msgstr ""

2864

2865

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:165(para)

2866

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:195(para)

2866

2867

msgid "<emphasis>-v:</emphasis> creates a fully virtualized guest."

2867

2868

msgstr ""

2868

2869

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:170(para)

2870

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:200(para)

2870

2871

msgid ""

2871

2872

"After launching <application>virt-install</application> you can connect to "

2872

2873

"the virtual machine's console either locally using a GUI (if your server has "

2873

2874

"a GUI), or via a remote VNC client from a GUI based computer."

2874

2875

msgstr ""

2875

2876

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:176(title)

2877

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:207(title)

2877

2878

msgid "virt-clone"

2878

2879

msgstr ""

2879

2880

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:177(para)

2881

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:209(para)

2881

2882

msgid ""

2882

2883

"The <application>virt-clone</application> application can be used to copy "

2883

2884

"one virtual machine to another. For example:"

2884

2885

msgstr ""

2885

2886

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:181(command)

2887

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:213(command)

2887

2888

msgid ""

2888

2889

"sudo virt-clone -o web_devel -n database_devel -f "

2889

2890

"/path/to/database_devel.img \\ --connect=qemu:///system"

2890

2891

msgstr ""

2891

2892

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:186(para)

2893

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:219(para)

2893

2894

msgid "<emphasis>-o:</emphasis> original virtual machine."

2894

2895

msgstr ""

2895

2896

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:191(para)

2897

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:223(para)

2897

2898

msgid "<emphasis>-n:</emphasis> name of the new virtual machine."

2898

2899

msgstr ""

2899

2900

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:196(para)

2901

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:228(para)

2901

2902

msgid ""

2902

2903

"<emphasis>-f:</emphasis> path to the file, logical volume, or partition to "

2903

2904

"be used by the new virtual machine."

2904

2905

msgstr ""

2905

2906

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:201(para)

2907

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:233(para)

2907

2908

msgid ""

2908

2909

"<emphasis>--connect:</emphasis> specifies which hypervisor to connect to."

2909

2910

msgstr ""

2910

2911

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:206(para)

2912

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:238(para)

2912

2913

msgid ""

2913

2914

"Also, use <emphasis>-d</emphasis> or <emphasis>--debug</emphasis> option to "

2914

2915

"help troubleshoot problems with <application>virt-clone</application>."

2915

2916

msgstr ""

2916

2917

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:211(para)

2918

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:243(para)

2918

2919

msgid ""

2919

2920

"Replace <emphasis>web_devel</emphasis> and "

2920

2921

"<emphasis>database_devel</emphasis> with appropriate virtual machine names."

2921

2922

msgstr ""

2922

2923

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:217(title)

2924

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:250(title)

2924

2925

msgid "Virtual Machine Management"

2925

2926

msgstr ""

2926

2927

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:219(title)

2928

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:253(title)

2928

2929

msgid "virsh"

2929

2930

msgstr ""

2930

2931

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:220(para)

2932

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:255(para)

2932

2933

msgid ""

2933

2934

"There are several utilities available to manage virtual machines and "

2934

2935

"<application>libvirt</application>. The <application>virsh</application> "

2935

2936

"utility can be used from the command line. Some examples:"

2936

2937

msgstr ""

2937

2938

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:226(para)

2939

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:262(para)

2939

2940

msgid "To list running virtual machines:"

2940

2941

msgstr ""

2941

2942

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:230(command)

2943

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:265(command)

2943

2944

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system list"

2944

2945

msgstr ""

2945

2946

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:234(para)

2947

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:270(para)

2947

2948

msgid "To start a virtual machine:"

2948

2949

msgstr ""

2949

2950

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:238(command)

2951

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:273(command)

2951

2952

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system start web_devel"

2952

2953

msgstr ""

2953

2954

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:242(para)

2955

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:278(para)

2955

2956

msgid "Similarly, to start a virtual machine at boot:"

2956

2957

msgstr ""

2957

2958

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:246(command)

2959

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:281(command)

2959

2960

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system autostart web_devel"

2960

2961

msgstr ""

2961

2962

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:250(para)

2963

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:286(para)

2963

2964

msgid "Reboot a virtual machine with:"

2964

2965

msgstr ""

2965

2966

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:254(command)

2967

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:289(command)

2967

2968

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system reboot web_devel"

2968

2969

msgstr ""

2969

2970

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:258(para)

2971

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:294(para)

2971

2972

msgid ""

2972

2973

"The <emphasis>state</emphasis> of virtual machines can be saved to a file in "

2973

2974

"order to be restored later. The following will save the virtual machine "

2974

2975

"state into a file named according to the date:"

2975

2976

msgstr ""

2976

2977

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:263(command)

2978

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:300(command)

2978

2979

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system save web_devel web_devel-022708.state"

2979

2980

msgstr ""

2980

2981

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:265(para)

2982

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:303(para)

2982

2983

msgid "Once saved the virtual machine will no longer be running."

2983

2984

msgstr ""

2984

2985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:270(para)

2986

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:308(para)

2986

2987

msgid "A saved virtual machine can be restored using:"

2987

2988

msgstr ""

2988

2989

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:274(command)

2990

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:311(command)

2990

2991

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system restore web_devel-022708.state"

2991

2992

msgstr ""

2992

2993

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:278(para)

2994

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:316(para)

2994

2995

msgid "To shutdown a virtual machine do:"

2995

2996

msgstr ""

2996

2997

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:282(command)

2998

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:319(command)

2998

2999

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system shutdown web_devel"

2999

3000

msgstr ""

3000

3001

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:286(para)

3002

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:324(para)

3002

3003

msgid "A CDROM device can be mounted in a virtual machine by entering:"

3003

3004

msgstr ""

3004

3005

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:290(command)

3006

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:328(command)

3006

3007

msgid "virsh -c qemu:///system attach-disk web_devel /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom"

3007

3008

msgstr ""

3008

3009

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:295(para)

3010

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:334(para)

3010

3011

msgid ""

3011

3012

"In the above examples replace <emphasis>web_devel</emphasis> with the "

3012

3013

"appropriate virtual machine name, and <filename>web_devel-"

3013

3014

"022708.state</filename> with a descriptive file name."

3014

3015

msgstr ""

3015

3016

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:302(title)

3017

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:342(title)

3017

3018

msgid "Virtual Machine Manager"

3018

3019

msgstr ""

3019

3020

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:303(para)

3021

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:344(para)

3021

3022

msgid ""

3022

3023

"The <application>virt-manager</application> package contains a graphical "

3023

3024

"utility to manage local and remote virtual machines. To install virt-manager "

3024

3025

"enter:"

3025

3026

msgstr ""

3026

3027

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:308(command)

3028

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:349(command)

3028

3029

msgid "sudo apt-get install virt-manager"

3029

3030

msgstr ""

3030

3031

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:310(para)

3032

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:352(para)

3032

3033

msgid ""

3033

3034

"Since <application>virt-manager</application> requires a Graphical User "

3034

3035

"Interface (GUI) environment it is recommended to be installed on a "

3036

3037

"the local <application>libvirt</application> service enter:"

3037

3038

msgstr ""

3038

3039

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:316(command)

3040

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:359(command)

3040

3041

msgid "virt-manager -c qemu:///system"

3041

3042

msgstr ""

3042

3043

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:318(para)

3044

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:362(para)

3044

3045

msgid ""

3045

3046

"You can connect to the <application>libvirt</application> service running on "

3046

3047

"another host by entering the following in a terminal prompt:"

3047

3048

msgstr ""

3048

3049

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:322(command)

3050

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:367(command)

3050

3051

msgid "virt-manager -c qemu+ssh://virtnode1.mydomain.com/system"

3051

3052

msgstr ""

3052

3053

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:325(para)

3054

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:371(para)

3054

3055

msgid ""

3055

3056

"The above example assumes that <application>SSH</application> connectivity "

3056

3057

"between the management system and virtnode1.mydomain.com has already been "

3061

3062

"linkend=\"openssh-server\"/>"

3062

3063

msgstr ""

3063

3064

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:335(title)

3065

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:384(title)

3065

3066

msgid "Virtual Machine Viewer"

3066

3067

msgstr ""

3067

3068

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:336(para)

3069

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:386(para)

3069

3070

msgid ""

3070

3071

"The <application>virt-viewer</application> application allows you to connect "

3071

3072

"to a virtual machine's console. <application>virt-viewer</application> does "

3073

3074

"machine."

3074

3075

msgstr ""

3075

3076

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:340(para)

3077

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:391(para)

3077

3078

msgid ""

3078

3079

"To install <application>virt-viewer</application> from a terminal enter:"

3079

3080

msgstr ""

3080

3081

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:344(command)

3082

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:395(command)

3082

3083

msgid "sudo apt-get install virt-viewer"

3083

3084

msgstr ""

3084

3085

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:346(para)

3086

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:398(para)

3086

3087

msgid ""

3087

3088

"Once a virtual machine is installed and running you can connect to the "

3088

3089

"virtual machine's console by using:"

3089

3090

msgstr ""

3090

3091

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:350(command)

3092

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:402(command)

3092

3093

msgid "virt-viewer -c qemu:///system web_devel"

3093

3094

msgstr ""

3094

3095

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:352(para)

3096

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:405(para)

3096

3097

msgid ""

3097

3098

"Similar to <application>virt-manager</application>, <application>virt-"

3098

3099

"viewer</application> can connect to a remote host using "

3099

3100

"<emphasis>SSH</emphasis> with key authentication, as well:"

3100

3101

msgstr ""

3101

3102

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:357(command)

3103

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:410(command)

3103

3104

msgid "virt-viewer -c qemu+ssh://virtnode1.mydomain.com/system web_devel"

3104

3105

msgstr ""

3105

3106

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:359(para)

3107

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:413(para)

3107

3108

msgid ""

3108

3109

"Be sure to replace <emphasis role=\"italic\">web_devel</emphasis> with the "

3109

3110

"appropriate virtual machine name."

3110

3111

msgstr ""

3111

3112

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:362(para)

3113

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:416(para)

3113

3114

msgid ""

3114

3115

"If configured to use a <emphasis>bridged</emphasis> network interface you "

3115

3116

"can also setup <application>SSH</application> access to the virtual machine. "

3116

"See <xref linkend=\"openssh-server\"/> and <xref linkend=\"bridging\"/> for "

3117

"more details."

3117

"See <xref linkend=\"openssh-server\"/> and <xref linkend=\"cloud-"

3118

"bridging\"/> for more details."

3118

3119

msgstr ""

3119

3120

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:368(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1069(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1453(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3481(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:248(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:347(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:704(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:1100(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:1299(title) serverguide/C/reporting-bugs.xml:302(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:414(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:588(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:843(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2112(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2646(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3362(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3915(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:875(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1161(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1366(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:271(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:426(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:864(title)

3121

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:423(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1335(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1754(title) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3735(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:248(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:347(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:704(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:1100(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:1299(title) serverguide/C/reporting-bugs.xml:302(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:414(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:588(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:843(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2112(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2646(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3362(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:3915(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:875(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1161(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1366(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:271(title) serverguide/C/databases.xml:426(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:864(title)

3121

3122

msgid "Resources"

3122

3123

msgstr ""

3123

3124

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:371(para)

3125

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:427(para)

3125

3126

msgid ""

3126

3127

"See the <ulink url=\"http://www.linux-kvm.org/\">KVM</ulink> home page for "

3127

3128

"more details."

3128

3129

msgstr ""

3129

3130

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:376(para)

3131

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:432(para)

3131

3132

msgid ""

3132

3133

"For more information on <application>libvirt</application> see the <ulink "

3133

3134

"url=\"http://libvirt.org/\">libvirt home page</ulink>"

3134

3135

msgstr ""

3135

3136

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:381(para)

3137

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:438(para)

3137

3138

msgid ""

3138

3139

"The <ulink url=\"http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/\">Virtual Machine "

3139

3140

"Manager</ulink> site has more information on <application>virt-"

3140

3141

"manager</application> development."

3141

3142

msgstr ""

3142

3143

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:387(para)

3144

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:444(para)

3144

3145

msgid ""

3145

3146

"Also, stop by the <emphasis>#ubuntu-virt</emphasis> IRC channel on <ulink "

3146

3147

"url=\"http://freenode.net/\">freenode</ulink> to discuss virtualization "

3147

3148

"technology in Ubuntu."

3148

3149

msgstr ""

3149

3150

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:393(para)

3151

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:450(para)

3151

3152

msgid ""

3152

3153

"Another good resource is the <ulink "

3153

3154

"url=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM\">Ubuntu Wiki KVM</ulink> page."

3154

3155

msgstr ""

3155

3156

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:398(para)

3157

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:456(para)

3157

3158

msgid ""

3158

3159

"For information on Xen, including using Xen with libvirt, please see the "

3159

3160

"<ulink url=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Xen\">Ubuntu Wiki Xen</ulink> "

3160

3161

"page."

3161

3162

msgstr ""

3162

3163

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:406(title)

3164

msgid "JeOS and vmbuilder"

3164

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:466(title)

3165

msgid "Cloud images and vmbuilder"

3165

3166

msgstr ""

3166

3167

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:409(title) serverguide/C/security.xml:361(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:23(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:18(title) serverguide/C/package-management.xml:18(title) serverguide/C/introduction.xml:11(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1195(title)

3168

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:469(title) serverguide/C/security.xml:361(title) serverguide/C/samba.xml:23(title) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:18(title) serverguide/C/package-management.xml:18(title) serverguide/C/introduction.xml:11(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:1195(title)

3168

3169

msgid "Introduction"

3169

3170

msgstr ""

3170

3171

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:412(title)

3172

msgid "What is JeOS"

3173

msgstr ""

3174

3175

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:414(para)

3176

msgid ""

3177

"Ubuntu <emphasis>JeOS</emphasis> (pronounced \"Juice\") is an efficient "

3178

"variant of the Ubuntu Server operating system, configured specifically for "

3179

"virtual appliances. No longer available as a CD-ROM ISO for download, but "

3180

"only as an option either:"

3181

msgstr ""

3182

3183

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:421(para)

3184

msgid ""

3185

"While installing from the Server Edition ISO (pressing "

3186

"<emphasis>F4</emphasis> on the first screen will allow you to pick \"Minimal "

3187

"installation\", which is the package selection equivalent to JeOS)."

3188

msgstr ""

3189

3190

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:427(para)

3191

msgid "Or to be built using Ubuntu's vmbuilder, which is described here."

3192

msgstr ""

3193

3194

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:433(para)

3195

msgid ""

3196

"JeOS is a specialized installation of Ubuntu Server Edition with a tuned "

3197

"kernel that only contains the base elements needed to run within a "

3198

"virtualized environment."

3199

msgstr ""

3200

3201

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:438(para)

3202

msgid ""

3203

"Ubuntu JeOS has been tuned to take advantage of key performance technologies "

3204

"in the latest virtualization products from VMware. This combination of "

3205

"reduced size and optimized performance ensures that Ubuntu JeOS Edition "

3206

"delivers a highly efficient use of server resources in large virtual "

3207

"deployments."

3208

msgstr ""

3209

3210

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:444(para)

3211

msgid ""

3212

"Without unnecessary drivers, and only the minimal required packages, ISVs "

3213

"can configure their supporting OS exactly as they require. They have the "

3214

"peace of mind that updates, whether for security or enhancement reasons, "

3215

"will be limited to the bare minimum of what is required in their specific "

3216

"environment. In turn, users deploying virtual appliances built on top of "

3217

"JeOS will have to go through fewer updates and therefore less maintenance "

3218

"than they would have had to with a standard full installation of a server."

3219

msgstr ""

3220

3221

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:453(title)

3172

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:471(para)

3173

msgid ""

3174

"With Ubuntu being on of the most used operating systems on most of the cloud "

3175

"platforms, the availability of stable and secure cloud images has become "

3176

"very important. Starting with 12.04 the utilization of cloud images outside "

3177

"of a cloud infrastructure has been improved. It is now possible to use those "

3178

"images to create a virtual machine without the need of a complete "

3179

"installation."

3180

msgstr ""

3181

3182

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:480(title)

3183

msgid "Creating virtual machines using cloud images"

3184

msgstr ""

3185

3186

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:482(para)

3187

msgid ""

3188

"Cloud images for the supported versions of Ubuntu are available at the "

3189

"following URL :"

3190

msgstr ""

3191

3192

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:489(para)

3193

msgid "http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/"

3194

msgstr ""

3195

3196

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:495(para)

3197

msgid ""

3198

"When used in conjunction with a tool called <application> cloud-"

3199

"localds</application> which is part of the <application> cloud-"

3200

"utils</application> package starting with Ubuntu 12.10 those images can be "

3201

"used to create a ready to use virtual machine. The following instructions "

3202

"should give you access to a working virtual machine."

3203

msgstr ""

3204

3205

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:503(title)

3206

msgid "Required packages"

3207

msgstr ""

3208

3209

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:505(para)

3210

msgid ""

3211

"The following packages will be required in order to use cloud images as "

3212

"virtual machines :"

3213

msgstr ""

3214

3215

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:512(para)

3216

msgid "kvm"

3217

msgstr ""

3218

3219

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:516(para)

3220

msgid "cloud-utils"

3221

msgstr ""

3222

3223

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:520(para)

3224

msgid "genisoimage"

3225

msgstr ""

3226

3227

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:526(title)

3228

msgid "Get the Ubuntu Cloud Image"

3229

msgstr ""

3230

3231

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:528(para)

3232

msgid ""

3233

"The Ubuntu Cloud Image can be downloaded from the Internet by various means. "

3234

"This example shows how to easily download the 12.04 Precise image using "

3235

"<emphasis role=\"bold\">wget</emphasis> :"

3236

msgstr ""

3237

3238

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:534(programlisting)

3239

#, no-wrap

3240

msgid ""

3241

"wget -O my_new_vm.img.dist http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/server/releases\\\n"

3242

"/12.04/release/ubuntu-12.04-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img"

3243

msgstr ""

3244

3245

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:541(title)

3246

msgid "Create the user-data file"

3247

msgstr ""

3248

3249

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:543(para)

3250

msgid ""

3251

"The user-data file contains configuration elements that will be provided to "

3252

"the cloud image and applied at the first boot of the virtual machine using "

3253

"<application>cloud-init</application>. The first three elements, <emphasis "

3254

"role=\"bold\">password</emphasis>, <emphasis "

3255

"role=\"bold\">chpasswd</emphasis> and <emphasis "

3256

"role=\"bold\">ssh_pwauth</emphasis> are mandatory. You should add an ssh key "

3257

"that you have created beforehand using <application>ssh-keygen</application> "

3258

"otherwise you will not be able to connect remotely to your virtual machine."

3259

msgstr ""

3260

3261

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:552(para)

3262

msgid ""

3263

"Use the following command to create the my-user-data file that will contain "

3264

"your user specific data :"

3265

msgstr ""

3266

3267

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:555(programlisting)

3268

#, no-wrap

3269

msgid ""

3270

"$ cat > my-user-data <<EOF\n"

3271

"#cloud-config\n"

3272

"password: passw0rd\n"

3273

"chpasswd: { expire: False }\n"

3274

"ssh_pwauth: True\n"

3275

"ssh_authorized_keys:\n"

3276

" - ssh-rsa {insert your own ssh public key here}\n"

3277

"EOF"

3278

msgstr ""

3279

3280

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:566(title)

3281

msgid "Convert the cloud-image to Qemu format"

3282

msgstr ""

3283

3284

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:568(para)

3285

msgid "The two qemu-img command is not strictly necessary :"

3286

msgstr ""

3287

3288

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:574(para)

3289

msgid ""

3290

"The 'convert' converts the compressed qcow2 disk image as downloaded to an "

3291

"uncompressed version. If you don't do this the image will still boot, but "

3292

"reads will undergo decompression. This will improve the performance of your "

3293

"virtual machines."

3294

msgstr ""

3295

3296

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:581(para)

3297

msgid ""

3298

"Use the following command to prepare your file to be used as a virtual "

3299

"machine disk:"

3300

msgstr ""

3301

3302

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:586(programlisting)

3303

#, no-wrap

3304

msgid "$ qemu-img convert -O qcow2 my_new_vm.img.dist my_new_vm.img"

3305

msgstr ""

3306

3307

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:590(title)

3308

msgid "create the disk with NoCloud data on it"

3309

msgstr ""

3310

3311

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:592(para)

3312

msgid ""

3313

"This action will create a second disk image that will be provided to the "

3314

"virtual machine as a second disk. The cloud-init initialization process will "

3315

"fetch this data and configure the virtual machine appropriately"

3316

msgstr ""

3317

3318

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:599(programlisting)

3319

#, no-wrap

3320

msgid "$ cloud-localds my-seed.img my-user-data"

3321

msgstr ""

3322

3323

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:603(title)

3324

msgid "Create the XML domain definition file"

3325

msgstr ""

3326

3327

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:605(para)

3328

msgid ""

3329

"You will need to tailor the following XML domain definition file to your "

3330

"need in order to create the libvirt domain. If the files that you have "

3331

"generated are in /home/ubuntu, the template can be used as is."

3332

msgstr ""

3333

3334

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:610(para)

3335

msgid "Use the following command to create the template file :"

3336

msgstr ""

3337

3338

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:614(programlisting)

3339

#, no-wrap

3340

msgid ""

3341

"$ cat > my_new_vm.xml <<EOF\n"

3342

"<domain type='kvm'>\n"

3343

" <name>my_new_vm</name>\n"

3344

" <memory unit='MiB'>1024</memory>\n"

3345

" <currentMemory unit='MiB'>1024</currentMemory>\n"

3346

" <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>\n"

3347

" <os>\n"

3348

" <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-1.2'>hvm</type>\n"

3349

" <boot dev='hd'/>\n"

3350

" <bootmenu enable='no'/>\n"

3351

" </os>\n"

3352

" <features>\n"

3353

" <acpi/>\n"

3354

" <apic/>\n"

3355

" <pae/>\n"

3356

" </features>\n"

3357

" <clock offset='utc'/>\n"

3358

" <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>\n"

3359

" <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>\n"

3360

" <on_crash>restart</on_crash>\n"

3361

" <devices>\n"

3362

" <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>\n"

3363

" <disk type='file' device='disk'>\n"

3364

" <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>\n"

3365

" <source file='/home/ubuntu/my_new_vm.img'/>\n"

3366

" <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>\n"

3367

" <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' "

3368

"function='0x0'/>\n"

3369

" </disk>\n"

3370

" <disk type='file' device='disk'>\n"

3371

" <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>\n"

3372

" <source file='/home/ubuntu/my-seed.img'/>\n"

3373

" <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>\n"

3374

" <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' "

3375

"unit='0'/>\n"

3376

" </disk>\n"

3377

" <interface type='network'>\n"

3378

" <source network='default'/>\n"

3379

" <model type='virtio'/>\n"

3380

" <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' "

3381

"function='0x0'/>\n"

3382

" </interface>\n"

3383

" <serial type='pty'>\n"

3384

" <target port='0'/>\n"

3385

" </serial>\n"

3386

" <console type='pty'>\n"

3387

" <target type='serial' port='0'/>\n"

3388

" </console>\n"

3389

" <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes'/>\n"

3390

" </devices>\n"

3391

"</domain>\n"

3392

"EOF"

3393

msgstr ""

3394

3395

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:666(title)

3396

msgid "Create the VM using libvirt"

3397

msgstr ""

3398

3399

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:668(para)

3400

msgid ""

3401

"The last few commands remaining are standard libvirt commands used to define "

3402

"and start your virtual machine :"

3403

msgstr ""

3404

3405

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:673(programlisting)

3406

#, no-wrap

3407

msgid ""

3408

"$ virsh define my_new_vm.xml\n"

3409

"$ virsh start my_new_vm\n"

3410

"$ virsh console my_new_vm"

3411

msgstr ""

3412

3413

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:677(para)

3414

msgid ""

3415

"If everything goes as planned, you should see the boot sequence appear in "

3416

"your console session. After the normal boot sequence you will see something "

3417

"similar to the following :"

3418

msgstr ""

3419

3420

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:683(programlisting)

3421

#, no-wrap

3422

msgid ""

3423

"cloud-init start-local running: Wed, 10 Apr 2013 12:30:25 +0000. up 1.67 "

3424

"seconds\n"

3425

"no instance data found in start-local\n"

3426

"ci-info: lo : 1 127.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 .\n"

3427

"ci-info: eth0 : 1 <emphasis role=\"bold\">192.168.122.113</emphasis> "

3428

"255.255.255.0 52:54:00:c2:fd:e1\n"

3429

"ci-info: route-0: 0.0.0.0 192.168.122.1 0.0.0.0 eth0 UG\n"

3430

"ci-info: route-1: 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 eth0 U\n"

3431

"<emphasis role=\"bold\">cloud-init start running</emphasis>: Wed, 10 Apr "

3432

"2013 12:30:30 +0000. up 6.30 seconds\n"

3433

"found data source: DataSourceNoCloud [seed=/dev/sda]"

3434

msgstr ""

3435

3436

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:692(para)

3437

msgid ""

3438

"This section can be particularly useful to identify the IP address of the "

3439

"virtual machine that you have just started. The cloud-init sequence will "

3440

"continue, creating the SSH information. It should indicates proper "

3441

"completion by the following line :"

3442

msgstr ""

3443

3444

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:699(programlisting)

3445

#, no-wrap

3446

msgid ""

3447

"cloud-init boot finished at Wed, 10 Apr 2013 12:30:35 +0000. Up 10.93 seconds"

3448

msgstr ""

3449

3450

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:701(para)

3451

msgid ""

3452

"Your new virtual machine is now available. You can exit out of the virsh "

3453

"console command using <Ctrl>]"

3454

msgstr ""

3455

3456

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:704(para)

3457

msgid ""

3458

"You can now connect to your virtual machine using the ssh key that you have "

3459

"created previously :"

3460

msgstr ""

3461

3462

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:709(programlisting)

3463

#, no-wrap

3464

msgid "$ ssh -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa ubuntu@192.168.122.113"

3465

msgstr ""

3466

3467

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:714(title)

3468

msgid "Vmbuilder"

3469

msgstr ""

3470

3471

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:716(para)

3472

msgid ""

3473

"Vmbuilder is now maintained by the community as it is no longer used to "

3474

"generate the cloud images. It can still be used as described and it should "

3475

"let you create functioning virtual machines"

3476

msgstr ""

3477

3478

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:721(title)

3222

3479

msgid "What is vmbuilder"

3223

3480

msgstr ""

3224

3481

3225

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:455(para)

3482

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:723(para)

3226

3483

msgid ""

3227

"With vmbuilder, there is no need to download a JeOS ISO anymore. vmbuilder "

3228

"will fetch the various package and build a virtual machine tailored for your "

3229

"needs in about a minute. vmbuilder is a script that automates the process of "

3230

"creating a ready to use Linux based VM. The currently supported hypervisors "

3231

"are KVM and Xen."

3484

". Vmbuilder will fetch the various package and build a virtual machine "

3485

"tailored for your needs in about a minute. vmbuilder is a script that "

3486

"automates the process of creating a ready to use Linux based VM. The "

3487

"currently supported hypervisors are KVM and Xen."

3232

3488

msgstr ""

3233

3489

3234

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:461(para)

3490

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:728(para)

3235

3491

msgid ""

3236

3492

"You can pass command line options to add extra packages, remove packages, "

3237

3493

"choose which version of Ubuntu, which mirror etc. On recent hardware with "

3239

3495

"a local mirror, you can bootstrap a VM in less than a minute."

3240

3496

msgstr ""

3241

3497

3242

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:467(para)

3498

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:734(para)

3243

3499

msgid ""

3244

3500

"First introduced as a shell script in Ubuntu 8.04 LTS, <application>ubuntu-"

3245

3501

"vm-builder</application> started with little emphasis as a hack to help "

3251

3507

"scratch for Intrepid as a python script with a few new design goals:"

3252

3508

msgstr ""

3253

3509

3254

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:477(para)

3510

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:746(para)

3255

3511

msgid "Develop it so that it can be reused by other distributions."

3256

3512

msgstr ""

3257

3513

3258

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:482(para)

3514

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:751(para)

3259

3515

msgid ""

3260

3516

"Use a plugin mechanisms for all virtualization interactions so that others "

3261

3517

"can easily add logic for other virtualization environments."

3262

3518

msgstr ""

3263

3519

3264

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:487(para)

3520

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:757(para)

3265

3521

msgid ""

3266

3522

"Provide an easy to maintain web interface as an option to the command line "

3267

3523

"interface."

3268

3524

msgstr ""

3269

3525

3270

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:493(para)

3526

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:762(para)

3271

3527

msgid "But the general principles and commands remain the same."

3272

3528

msgstr ""

3273

3529

3274

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:500(title)

3530

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:766(title)

3275

3531

msgid "Initial Setup"

3276

3532

msgstr ""

3277

3533

3278

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:502(para)

3534

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:768(para)

3279

3535

msgid ""

3280

3536

"It is assumed that you have installed and configured "

3281

3537

"<application>libvirt</application> and <application>KVM</application> "

3283

3539

"please refer to:"

3284

3540

msgstr ""

3285

3541

3286

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:514(para)

3542

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:779(para)

3287

3543

msgid ""

3288

3544

"The <ulink url=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM\">KVM</ulink> Wiki "

3289

3545

"page."

3290

3546

msgstr ""

3291

3547

3292

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:520(para)

3548

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:785(para)

3293

3549

msgid ""

3294

3550

"We also assume that you know how to use a text based text editor such as "

3295

3551

"nano or vi. If you have not used any of them before, you can get an overview "

3299

3555

"principle should remain on other virtualization technologies."

3300

3556

msgstr ""

3301

3557

3302

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:528(title)

3558

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:795(title)

3303

3559

msgid "Install vmbuilder"

3304

3560

msgstr ""

3305

3561

3306

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:530(para)

3562

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:797(para)

3307

3563

msgid ""

3308

3564

"The name of the package that we need to install is <application>python-vm-"

3309

3565

"builder</application>. In a terminal prompt enter:"

3310

3566

msgstr ""

3311

3567

3312

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:535(command)

3568

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:802(command)

3313

3569

msgid "sudo apt-get install python-vm-builder"

3314

3570

msgstr ""

3315

3571

3316

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:539(para)

3572

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:806(para)

3317

3573

msgid ""

3318

3574

"If you are running Hardy, you can still perform most of this using the older "

3319

3575

"version of the package named <application>ubuntu-vm-builder</application>, "

3320

3576

"there are only a few changes to the syntax of the tool."

3321

3577

msgstr ""

3322

3578

3323

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:548(title)

3579

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:814(title)

3324

3580

msgid "Defining Your Virtual Machine"

3325

3581

msgstr ""

3326

3582

3327

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:550(para)

3583

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:816(para)

3328

3584

msgid ""

3329

3585

"Defining a virtual machine with Ubuntu's vmbuilder is quite simple, but here "

3330

3586

"are a few thing to consider:"

3331

3587

msgstr ""

3332

3588

3333

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:556(para)

3589

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:821(para)

3334

3590

msgid ""

3335

3591

"If you plan on shipping a virtual appliance, do not assume that the end-user "

3336

3592

"will know how to extend disk size to fit their need, so either plan for a "

3339

3595

"a good idea to store data on some separate external storage."

3340

3596

msgstr ""

3341

3597

3342

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:563(para)

3598

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:830(para)

3343

3599

msgid ""

3344

3600

"Given that RAM is much easier to allocate in a VM, RAM size should be set to "

3345

3601

"whatever you think is a safe minimum for your appliance."

3346

3602

msgstr ""

3347

3603

3348

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:569(para)

3604

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:836(para)

3349

3605

msgid ""

3350

3606

"The <application>vmbuilder</application> command has 2 main parameters: the "

3351

3607

"<emphasis>virtualization technology (hypervisor)</emphasis> and the targeted "

3353

3609

"and can be found using the following command:"

3354

3610

msgstr ""

3355

3611

3356

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:575(command)

3612

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:843(command)

3357

3613

msgid "vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --help"

3358

3614

msgstr ""

3359

3615

3360

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:579(title)

3616

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:848(title)

3361

3617

msgid "Base Parameters"

3362

3618

msgstr ""

3363

3619

3364

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:581(para)

3620

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:850(para)

3365

3621

msgid ""

3366

3622

"As this example is based on <application>KVM</application> and Ubuntu 13.04 "

3367

3623

"(Raring Ringtail), and we are likely to rebuild the same virtual machine "

3368

3624

"multiple time, we'll invoke vmbuilder with the following first parameters:"

3369

3625

msgstr ""

3370

3626

3371

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:587(command)

3627

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:856(command)

3372

3628

msgid ""

3373

3629

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 \\ -o "

3374

3630

"--libvirt qemu:///system"

3375

3631

msgstr ""

3376

3632

3377

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:591(para)

3633

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:860(para)

3378

3634

msgid ""

3379

3635

"The <emphasis>--suite</emphasis> defines the Ubuntu release, the <emphasis>--"

3380

3636

"flavour</emphasis> specifies that we want to use the virtual kernel (that's "

3385

3641

"add the resulting VM to the list of available machines."

3386

3642

msgstr ""

3387

3643

3388

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:599(para)

3644

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:869(para)

3389

3645

msgid "Notes:"

3390

3646

msgstr ""

3391

3647

3392

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:605(para)

3648

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:873(para)

3393

3649

msgid ""

3394

3650

"Because of the nature of operations performed by vmbuilder, it needs to have "

3395

3651

"root privilege, hence the use of sudo."

3396

3652

msgstr ""

3397

3653

3398

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:610(para)

3654

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:878(para)

3399

3655

msgid ""

3400

3656

"If your virtual machine needs to use more than 3Gb of ram, you should build "

3401

3657

"a 64 bit machine (--arch amd64)."

3402

3658

msgstr ""

3403

3659

3404

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:615(para)

3660

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:883(para)

3405

3661

msgid ""

3406

3662

"Until Ubuntu 8.10, the virtual kernel was only built for 32 bit "

3407

3663

"architecture, so if you want to define an amd64 machine on Hardy, you should "

3408

3664

"use <emphasis>--flavour</emphasis> server instead."

3409

3665

msgstr ""

3410

3666

3411

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:623(title)

3412

msgid "JeOS Installation Parameters"

3413

msgstr ""

3414

3415

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:626(title)

3416

msgid "JeOS Networking"

3417

msgstr ""

3418

3419

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:629(title)

3667

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:892(title)

3668

msgid "Installation Parameters"

3669

msgstr ""

3670

3671

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:895(title)

3420

3672

msgid "Assigning a fixed IP address"

3421

3673

msgstr ""

3422

3674

3423

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:631(para)

3675

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:897(para)

3424

3676

msgid ""

3425

3677

"As a virtual appliance that may be deployed on various very different "

3426

3678

"networks, it is very difficult to know what the actual network will look "

3431

3683

"192.168.0.0/255 is usually a good choice."

3432

3684

msgstr ""

3433

3685

3434

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:638(para)

3686

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:906(para)

3435

3687

msgid "To do this we'll use the following parameters:"

3436

3688

msgstr ""

3437

3689

3438

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:644(para)

3690

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:910(para)

3439

3691

msgid ""

3440

3692

"<emphasis>--ip ADDRESS</emphasis>: IP address in dotted form (defaults to "

3441

3693

"dhcp if not specified)"

3442

3694

msgstr ""

3443

3695

3444

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:649(para)

3696

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:915(para)

3445

3697

msgid ""

3446

3698

"<emphasis>--hostname NAME</emphasis>: Set NAME as the hostname of the guest."

3447

3699

msgstr ""

3448

3700

3449

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:654(para)

3701

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:920(para)

3450

3702

msgid ""

3451

3703

"<emphasis>--mask VALUE</emphasis>: IP mask in dotted form (default: "

3452

3704

"255.255.255.0)"

3453

3705

msgstr ""

3454

3706

3455

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:659(para)

3707

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:925(para)

3456

3708

msgid "<emphasis>--net VALUE</emphasis>: IP net address (default: X.X.X.0)"

3457

3709

msgstr ""

3458

3710

3459

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:664(para)

3711

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:930(para)

3460

3712

msgid "<emphasis>--bcast VALUE</emphasis>: IP broadcast (default: X.X.X.255)"

3461

3713

msgstr ""

3462

3714

3463

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:669(para)

3715

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:935(para)

3464

3716

msgid "<emphasis>--gw ADDRESS</emphasis>: Gateway address (default: X.X.X.1)"

3465

3717

msgstr ""

3466

3718

3467

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:674(para)

3719

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:940(para)

3468

3720

msgid ""

3469

3721

"<emphasis>--dns ADDRESS</emphasis>: Name server address (default: X.X.X.1)"

3470

3722

msgstr ""

3471

3723

3472

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:680(para)

3724

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:945(para)

3473

3725

msgid ""

3474

3726

"We assume for now that default values are good enough, so the resulting "

3475

3727

"invocation becomes:"

3476

3728

msgstr ""

3477

3729

3478

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:685(command)

3730

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:949(command)

3479

3731

msgid ""

3480

3732

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 \\ -o "

3481

3733

"--libvirt qemu:///system --ip 192.168.0.100 --hostname myvm"

3482

3734

msgstr ""

3483

3735

3484

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:691(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:527(title)

3736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:954(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:527(title)

3485

3737

msgid "Bridging"

3486

3738

msgstr ""

3487

3739

3488

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:693(para)

3740

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:956(para)

3489

3741

msgid ""

3490

3742

"Because our appliance will be likely to need to be accessed by remote hosts, "

3491

3743

"we need to configure libvirt so that the appliance uses bridge networking. "

3492

3744

"To do this add the <emphasis>--bridge</emphasis> option to the command:"

3493

3745

msgstr ""

3494

3746

3495

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:699(command)

3747

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:962(command)

3496

3748

msgid ""

3497

3749

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 \\ -o "

3498

3750

"--libvirt qemu:///system --ip 192.168.0.100 --hostname myvm --bridge br0"

3499

3751

msgstr ""

3500

3752

3501

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:704(para)

3753

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:967(para)

3502

3754

msgid ""

3503

3755

"You will need to have previously setup a bridge interface, see <xref "

3504

"linkend=\"bridging\"/> for more information. Also, if the interface name is "

3505

"different change <emphasis>br0</emphasis> to the actual bridge interface."

3756

"linkend=\"cloud-bridging\"/> for more information. Also, if the interface "

3757

"name is different change <emphasis>br0</emphasis> to the actual bridge "

3758

"interface."

3506

3759

msgstr ""

3507

3760

3508

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:713(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:435(title)

3761

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:976(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:435(title)

3509

3762

msgid "Partitioning"

3510

3763

msgstr ""

3511

3764

3512

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:715(para)

3765

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:978(para)

3513

3766

msgid ""

3514

3767

"Partitioning of the virtual appliance will have to take into consideration "

3515

3768

"what you are planning to do with is. Because most appliances want to have a "

3517

3770

"make sense."

3518

3771

msgstr ""

3519

3772

3520

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:720(para)

3773

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:983(para)

3521

3774

msgid ""

3522

3775

"In order to do this vmbuilder provides us with <emphasis>--part</emphasis>:"

3523

3776

msgstr ""

3524

3777

3525

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:724(programlisting)

3778

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:986(programlisting)

3526

3779

#, no-wrap

3527

3780

msgid ""

3528

3781

"\n"

3542

3795

" /log 1500\n"

3543

3796

msgstr ""

3544

3797

3545

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:739(para)

3798

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1001(para)

3546

3799

msgid ""

3547

3800

"In our case we will define a text file name "

3548

3801

"<filename>vmbuilder.partition</filename> which will contain the following:"

3549

3802

msgstr ""

3550

3803

3551

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:743(programlisting)

3804

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1005(programlisting)

3552

3805

#, no-wrap

3553

3806

msgid ""

3554

3807

"\n"

3558

3811

"/var 20000\n"

3559

3812

msgstr ""

3560

3813

3561

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:751(para)

3814

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1013(para)

3562

3815

msgid ""

3563

3816

"Note that as we are using virtual disk images, the actual sizes that we put "

3564

3817

"here are maximum sizes for these volumes."

3565

3818

msgstr ""

3566

3819

3567

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:756(para)

3820

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1017(para)

3568

3821

msgid "Our command line now looks like:"

3569

3822

msgstr ""

3570

3823

3571

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:761(command)

3824

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1020(command)

3572

3825

msgid ""

3573

3826

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 \\ -o "

3574

3827

"--libvirt qemu:///system --ip 192.168.0.100 --hostname myvm --part "

3575

3828

"vmbuilder.partition"

3576

3829

msgstr ""

3577

3830

3578

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:766(para)

3831

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1025(para)

3579

3832

msgid ""

3580

3833

"Using a \"\\\" in a command will allow long command strings to wrap to the "

3581

3834

"next line."

3582

3835

msgstr ""

3583

3836

3584

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:773(title)

3837

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1031(title)

3585

3838

msgid "User and Password"

3586

3839

msgstr ""

3587

3840

3588

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:775(para)

3841

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1033(para)

3589

3842

msgid ""

3590

3843

"Again setting up a virtual appliance, you will need to provide a default "

3591

3844

"user and password that is generic so that you can include it in your "

3596

3849

"as my user name, and <emphasis>'default'</emphasis> as the password."

3597

3850

msgstr ""

3598

3851

3599

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:783(para)

3852

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1042(para)

3600

3853

msgid "To do this we use the following optional parameters:"

3601

3854

msgstr ""

3602

3855

3603

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:789(para)

3856

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1046(para)

3604

3857

msgid ""

3605

3858

"<emphasis>--user USERNAME:</emphasis> Sets the name of the user to be added. "

3606

3859

"Default: ubuntu."

3607

3860

msgstr ""

3608

3861

3609

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:794(para)

3862

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1051(para)

3610

3863

msgid ""

3611

3864

"<emphasis>--name FULLNAME:</emphasis> Sets the full name of the user to be "

3612

3865

"added. Default: Ubuntu."

3613

3866

msgstr ""

3614

3867

3615

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:799(para)

3868

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1056(para)

3616

3869

msgid ""

3617

3870

"<emphasis>--pass PASSWORD:</emphasis> Sets the password for the user. "

3618

3871

"Default: ubuntu."

3619

3872

msgstr ""

3620

3873

3621

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:805(para)

3874

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1061(para)

3622

3875

msgid "Our resulting command line becomes:"

3623

3876

msgstr ""

3624

3877

3625

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:810(command)

3878

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1064(command)

3626

3879

msgid ""

3627

3880

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 \\ -o "

3628

3881

"--libvirt qemu:///system --ip 192.168.0.100 --hostname myvm --part \\ "

3629

3882

"vmbuilder.partition --user user --name user --pass default"

3630

3883

msgstr ""

3631

3884

3632

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:818(title)

3885

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1072(title)

3633

3886

msgid "Installing Required Packages"

3634

3887

msgstr ""

3635

3888

3636

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:820(para)

3889

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1074(para)

3637

3890

msgid ""

3638

3891

"In this example we will be installing a package "

3639

3892

"<application>(Limesurvey)</application> that accesses a "

3641

3894

"therefore require our OS to provide us with:"

3642

3895

msgstr ""

3643

3896

3644

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:827(para)

3897

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1081(para)

3645

3898

msgid "Apache"

3646

3899

msgstr ""

3647

3900

3648

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:828(para)

3901

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1085(para)

3649

3902

msgid "PHP"

3650

3903

msgstr ""

3651

3904

3652

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:829(para) serverguide/C/databases.xml:17(trademark) serverguide/C/databases.xml:29(title)

3905

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1089(para) serverguide/C/databases.xml:17(trademark) serverguide/C/databases.xml:29(title)

3653

3906

msgid "MySQL"

3654

3907

msgstr ""

3655

3908

3656

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:830(para) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:16(title)

3909

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1093(para) serverguide/C/remote-administration.xml:16(title)

3657

3910

msgid "OpenSSH Server"

3658

3911

msgstr ""

3659

3912

3660

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:831(para)

3913

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1097(para)

3661

3914

msgid "Limesurvey (as an example application that we have packaged)"

3662

3915

msgstr ""

3663

3916

3664

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:834(para)

3917

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1102(para)

3665

3918

msgid ""

3666

3919

"This is done using vmbuilder by specifying the --addpkg option multiple "

3667

3920

"times:"

3668

3921

msgstr ""

3669

3922

3670

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:838(programlisting)

3923

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1105(programlisting)

3671

3924

#, no-wrap

3672

3925

msgid ""

3673

3926

"\n"

3675

3928

" Install PKG into the guest (can be specfied multiple times)\n"

3676

3929

msgstr ""

3677

3930

3678

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:843(para)

3931

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1110(para)

3679

3932

msgid ""

3680

3933

"However, due to the way vmbuilder operates, packages that have to ask "

3681

3934

"questions to the user during the post install phase are not supported and "

3683

3936

"of Limesurvey, which we will have to install later, once the user logs in."

3684

3937

msgstr ""

3685

3938

3686

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:849(para)

3939

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1116(para)

3687

3940

msgid ""

3688

3941

"Other packages that ask simple debconf question, such as <application>mysql-"

3689

3942

"server</application> asking to set a password, the package can be installed "

3691

3944

"in."

3692

3945

msgstr ""

3693

3946

3694

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:855(para)

3947

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1121(para)

3695

3948

msgid ""

3696

3949

"If some packages that we need to install are not in main, we need to enable "

3697

3950

"the additional repositories using --comp and --ppa:"

3698

3951

msgstr ""

3699

3952

3700

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:859(programlisting)

3953

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1125(programlisting)

3701

3954

#, no-wrap

3702

3955

msgid ""

3703

3956

"\n"

3708

3961

"--ppa=PPA Add ppa belonging to PPA to the vm's sources.list.\n"

3709

3962

msgstr ""

3710

3963

3711

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:866(para)

3964

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1132(para)

3712

3965

msgid ""

3713

3966

"Limesurvey not being part of the archive at the moment, we'll specify it's "

3714

3967

"PPA (personal package archive) address so that it is added to the VM "

3716

3969

"to the command line:"

3717

3970

msgstr ""

3718

3971

3719

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:872(command)

3972

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1138(command)

3720

3973

msgid ""

3721

3974

"--addpkg apache2 --addpkg apache2-mpm-prefork --addpkg apache2-utils \\ --"

3722

3975

"addpkg apache2.2-common --addpkg dbconfig-common --addpkg libapache2-mod-"

3725

3978

"server --ppa nijaba"

3726

3979

msgstr ""

3727

3980

3728

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:880(title)

3981

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1145(title)

3729

3982

msgid "Speed Considerations"

3730

3983

msgstr ""

3731

3984

3732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:883(title)

3985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1148(title)

3733

3986

msgid "Package Caching"

3734

3987

msgstr ""

3735

3988

3736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:885(para)

3989

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1150(para)

3737

3990

msgid ""

3738

3991

"When vmbuilder creates builds your system, it has to go fetch each one of "

3739

3992

"the packages that composes it over the network to one of the official "

3746

3999

"we will pick in this tutorial. To install it, simply type:"

3747

4000

msgstr ""

3748

4001

3749

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:895(command)

4002

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1163(command)

3750

4003

msgid "sudo apt-get install apt-proxy"

3751

4004

msgstr ""

3752

4005

3753

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:898(para)

4006

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1166(para)

3754

4007

msgid ""

3755

4008

"Once this is complete, your (empty) proxy is ready for use on "

3756

4009

"http://mirroraddress:9999 and will find ubuntu repository under /ubuntu. For "

3758

4011

"option:"

3759

4012

msgstr ""

3760

4013

3761

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:903(programlisting)

4014

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1171(programlisting)

3762

4015

#, no-wrap

3763

4016

msgid ""

3764

4017

"\n"

3768

4021

" otherwise\n"

3769

4022

msgstr ""

3770

4023

3771

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:910(para)

4024

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1178(para)

3772

4025

msgid "So we add to the command line:"

3773

4026

msgstr ""

3774

4027

3775

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:915(command)

4028

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1181(command)

3776

4029

msgid "--mirror http://mirroraddress:9999/ubuntu"

3777

4030

msgstr ""

3778

4031

3779

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:919(para)

4032

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1185(para)

3780

4033

msgid ""

3781

4034

"The mirror address specified here will also be used in the "

3782

4035

"<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> of the newly created guest, so it "

3784

4037

"plan on reseting this address later on."

3785

4038

msgstr ""

3786

4039

3787

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:928(title)

4040

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1195(title)

3788

4041

msgid "Install a Local Mirror"

3789

4042

msgstr ""

3790

4043

3791

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:930(para)

4044

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1197(para)

3792

4045

msgid ""

3793

4046

"If we are in a larger environment, it may make sense to setup a local mirror "

3794

4047

"of the Ubuntu repositories. The package apt-mirror provides you with a "

3796

4049

"about 20 gigabyte of free space per supported release and architecture."

3797

4050

msgstr ""

3798

4051

3799

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:936(para)

4052

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1203(para)

3800

4053

msgid ""

3801

4054

"By default, <application>apt-mirror</application> uses the configuration "

3802

4055

"file in <filename>/etc/apt/mirror.list</filename>. As it is set up, it will "

3808

4061

"format of this document):"

3809

4062

msgstr ""

3810

4063

3811

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:944(programlisting)

4064

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1213(programlisting)

3812

4065

#, no-wrap

3813

4066

msgid ""

3814

4067

"\n"

3840

4093

"installer \n"

3841

4094

msgstr ""

3842

4095

3843

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:966(para)

4096

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1235(para)

3844

4097

msgid ""

3845

4098

"Notice that the source packages are not mirrored as they are seldom used "

3846

4099

"compared to the binaries and they do take a lot more space, but they can be "

3847

4100

"easily added to the list."

3848

4101

msgstr ""

3849

4102

3850

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:971(para)

4103

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1239(para)

3851

4104

msgid ""

3852

4105

"Once the mirror has finished replicating (and this can be quite long), you "

3853

4106

"need to configure Apache so that your mirror files (in "

3856

4109

"Apache see <xref linkend=\"httpd\"/>."

3857

4110

msgstr ""

3858

4111

3859

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:981(title)

4112

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1248(title)

3860

4113

msgid "Package the Application"

3861

4114

msgstr ""

3862

4115

3863

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:983(para)

4116

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1250(para)

3864

4117

msgid "Two option are available to us:"

3865

4118

msgstr ""

3866

4119

3867

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:989(para)

4120

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1254(para)

3868

4121

msgid ""

3869

4122

"The recommended method to do so is to make a <emphasis>Debian</emphasis> "

3870

4123

"package. Since this is outside of the scope of this tutorial, we will not "

3877

4130

"a tutorial on this."

3878

4131

msgstr ""

3879

4132

3880

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:998(para)

4133

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1267(para)

3881

4134

msgid ""

3882

4135

"Manually install the application under <filename>/opt</filename> as "

3883

4136

"recommended by the <ulink url=\"http://www.pathname.com/fhs/\">FHS "

3884

4137

"guidelines</ulink>."

3885

4138

msgstr ""

3886

4139

3887

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1005(para)

4140

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1273(para)

3888

4141

msgid ""

3889

4142

"In our case we'll use <application>Limesurvey</application> as example web "

3890

4143

"application for which we wish to provide a virtual appliance. As noted "

3892

4145

"Package Archive)."

3893

4146

msgstr ""

3894

4147

3895

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1012(title)

4148

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1279(title)

3896

4149

msgid "Useful Additions"

3897

4150

msgstr ""

3898

4151

3899

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1015(title)

4152

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1282(title)

3900

4153

msgid "Configuring Automatic Updates"

3901

4154

msgstr ""

3902

4155

3903

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1017(para)

4156

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1284(para)

3904

4157

msgid ""

3905

4158

"To have your system be configured to update itself on a regular basis, we "

3906

4159

"will just install <application>unattended-upgrades</application>, so we add "

3907

4160

"the following option to our command line:"

3908

4161

msgstr ""

3909

4162

3910

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1023(command)

4163

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1290(command)

3911

4164

msgid "--addpkg unattended-upgrades"

3912

4165

msgstr ""

3913

4166

3914

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1026(para)

4167

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1293(para)

3915

4168

msgid ""

3916

4169

"As we have put our application package in a PPA, the process will update not "

3917

4170

"only the system, but also the application each time we update the version in "

3918

4171

"the PPA."

3919

4172

msgstr ""

3920

4173

3921

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1033(title)

4174

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1299(title)

3922

4175

msgid "ACPI Event Handling"

3923

4176

msgstr ""

3924

4177

3925

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1035(para)

4178

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1301(para)

3926

4179

msgid ""

3927

4180

"For your virtual machine to be able to handle restart and shutdown events it "

3928

4181

"is being sent, it is a good idea to install the acpid package as well. To do "

3929

4182

"this we just add the following option:"

3930

4183

msgstr ""

3931

4184

3932

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1041(command)

4185

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1307(command)

3933

4186

msgid "--addpkg acpid"

3934

4187

msgstr ""

3935

4188

3936

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1047(title)

4189

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1314(title)

3937

4190

msgid "Final Command"

3938

4191

msgstr ""

3939

4192

3940

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1049(para)

4193

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1316(para)

3941

4194

msgid "Here is the command with all the options discussed above:"

3942

4195

msgstr ""

3943

4196

3944

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1054(command)

4197

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1319(command)

3945

4198

msgid ""

3946

4199

"sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite raring --flavour virtual --arch i386 -o \\ "

3947

4200

"--libvirt qemu:///system --ip 192.168.0.100 --hostname myvm \\ --part "

3954

4207

"http://mirroraddress:9999/ubuntu"

3955

4208

msgstr ""

3956

4209

3957

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1070(para)

4210

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1337(para)

3958

4211

msgid ""

3959

4212

"If you are interested in learning more, have questions or suggestions, "

3960

4213

"please contact the Ubuntu Server Team at:"

3961

4214

msgstr ""

3962

4215

3963

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1075(para)

4216

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1342(para)

3964

4217

msgid "IRC: #ubuntu-server on freenode"

3965

4218

msgstr ""

3966

4219

3967

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1080(para)

4220

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1346(para)

3968

4221

msgid ""

3969

4222

"Mailing list: <ulink url=\"https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-"

3970

4223

"server\">ubuntu-server at lists.ubuntu.com</ulink>"

3971

4224

msgstr ""

3972

4225

3973

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1085(para)

4226

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1352(para)

3974

4227

msgid ""

3975

4228

"Also, see the <ulink "

3976

4229

"url=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JeOSVMBuilder\">JeOSVMBuilder Ubuntu "

3977

4230

"Wiki</ulink> page."

3978

4231

msgstr ""

3979

4232

3980

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1093(title)

4233

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1361(title)

3981

4234

msgid "Ubuntu Cloud"

3982

4235

msgstr ""

3983

4236

3984

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1094(para)

4237

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1363(para)

3985

4238

msgid ""

3986

4239

"<application>Cloud computing</application> is a computing model that allows "

3987

4240

"vast pools of resources to be allocated on-demand. These resources such as "

3993

4246

"build highly scalable, cloud computing for both public and private clouds."

3994

4247

msgstr ""

3995

4248

3996

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1104(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2702(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:13(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:15(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:911(title) serverguide/C/dns.xml:62(title) serverguide/C/dm-multipath.xml:135(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:15(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:545(title)

4249

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1374(title) serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2702(title) serverguide/C/monitoring.xml:13(title) serverguide/C/lamp-applications.xml:15(title) serverguide/C/installation.xml:911(title) serverguide/C/dns.xml:62(title) serverguide/C/dm-multipath.xml:135(title) serverguide/C/chat.xml:15(title) serverguide/C/backups.xml:545(title)

3997

4250

msgid "Overview"

3998

4251

msgstr ""

3999

4252

4000

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1105(para)

4253

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1376(para)

4001

4254

msgid ""

4002

4255

"This tutorial covers the OpenStack installation from the Ubuntu 12.10 Server "

4003

4256

"Edition CD, and assumes a basic network topology, with a single system "

4007

4260

"Ubuntu Cloud using OpenStack."

4008

4261

msgstr ""

4009

4262

4010

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1113(title)

4263

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1385(title)

4011

4264

msgid "Prerequisites"

4012

4265

msgstr ""

4013

4266

4014

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1114(para)

4267

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1387(para)

4015

4268

msgid ""

4016

4269

"To deploy a minimal Ubuntu Cloud infrastructure, you'll need at least:"

4017

4270

msgstr ""

4018

4271

4019

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1120(para)

4272

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1392(para)

4020

4273

msgid "One dedicated system."

4021

4274

msgstr ""

4022

4275

4023

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1125(para)

4276

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1396(para)

4024

4277

msgid "Two network address ranges (private network and public network)."

4025

4278

msgstr ""

4026

4279

4027

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1130(para)

4280

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1401(para)

4028

4281

msgid ""

4029

4282

"Make sure the host in question supports VT ( Virtualization Technology ) "

4030

4283

"since we will be using KVM as the virtualization technology. Other "

4032

4285

"LXC (Linux Containers) is also supported through libvirt."

4033

4286

msgstr ""

4034

4287

4035

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1135(para)

4288

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1407(para)

4036

4289

msgid ""

4037

4290

"Check if your system supports kvm issuing <application><command>sudo kvm-"

4038

4291

"ok</command></application> in a linux terminal."

4039

4292

msgstr ""

4040

4293

4041

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1139(para)

4294

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1413(para)

4042

4295

msgid ""

4043

4296

"The <command>\"Minimum Topology\"</command> recommended for production use "

4044

4297

"is using three nodes - One master server running nova services (except "

4046

4299

"and the master server is a SPoF (Single Point of Failure)."

4047

4300

msgstr ""

4048

4301

4049

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1147(title)

4302

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1421(title)

4050

4303

msgid "Preconfiguring the network"

4051

4304

msgstr ""

4052

4305

4053

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1148(para)

4306

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1423(para)

4054

4307

msgid ""

4055

4308

"Before we start installing OpenStack we need to make sure we have bridging "

4056

4309

"support installed, a MySQL database, and a central time server (ntp). This "

4057

4310

"will assure that we have instantiated machines and hosts in sync."

4058

4311

msgstr ""

4059

4312

4060

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1152(para)

4313

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1428(para)

4061

4314

msgid ""

4062

4315

"In this example the \"private network\" will be in the 10.0.0.0/24 range on "

4063

4316

"eth1. All the internal communication between instances will happen there "

4064

4317

"while the \"public network\" will be in the 10.153.107.0/29 range on eth0."

4065

4318

msgstr ""

4066

4319

4067

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1158(title)

4320

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1434(title)

4068

4321

msgid "Install bridging support"

4069

4322

msgstr ""

4070

4323

4071

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1165(title)

4324

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1442(title)

4072

4325

msgid "Install and configure NTP"

4073

4326

msgstr ""

4074

4327

4075

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1167(command) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:1091(command)

4328

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1445(command) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:1091(command)

4076

4329

msgid "sudo apt-get install ntp"

4077

4330

msgstr ""

4078

4331

4079

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1169(para)

4332

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1448(para)

4080

4333

msgid ""

4081

4334

"Add these two lines at the end of the <filename>/etc/ntp.conf</filename> "

4082

4335

"file."

4083

4336

msgstr ""

4084

4337

4085

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1172(programlisting)

4338

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1451(programlisting)

4086

4339

#, no-wrap

4087

4340

msgid ""

4088

4341

"\n"

4090

4343

"fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10\n"

4091

4344

msgstr ""

4092

4345

4093

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1176(para)

4346

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1456(para)

4094

4347

msgid "Restart ntp service"

4095

4348

msgstr ""

4096

4349

4097

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1180(command)

4350

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1459(command)

4098

4351

msgid "sudo service ntp restart"

4099

4352

msgstr ""

4100

4353

4101

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1185(title)

4354

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1464(title)

4102

4355

msgid "Install and configure MySQL"

4103

4356

msgstr ""

4104

4357

4105

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1187(command) serverguide/C/databases.xml:42(command)

4358

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1467(command) serverguide/C/databases.xml:42(command)

4106

4359

msgid "sudo apt-get install mysql-server"

4107

4360

msgstr ""

4108

4361

4109

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1189(para)

4362

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1470(para)

4110

4363

msgid "Create a database and mysql user for OpenStack"

4111

4364

msgstr ""

4112

4365

4113

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1193(command)

4366

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1473(command)

4114

4367

msgid "sudo mysql -uroot -ppassword -e \"CREATE DATABASE nova;\""

4115

4368

msgstr ""

4116

4369

4117

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1194(command)

4370

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1474(command)

4118

4371

msgid ""

4119

4372

"sudo mysql -uroot -ppassword -e \"GRANT ALL ON nova.* TO novauser@localhost "

4120

4373

"\\"

4121

4374

msgstr ""

4122

4375

4123

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1195(command)

4376

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1475(command)

4124

4377

msgid "IDENTIFIED BY 'novapassword';\""

4125

4378

msgstr ""

4126

4379

4127

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1197(para)

4380

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1478(para)

4128

4381

msgid ""

4129

4382

"The line continuation character <application>\"\\\"</application> implies "

4130

4383

"that you must include the subsequent line as part of the current command."

4131

4384

msgstr ""

4132

4385

4133

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1206(title)

4386

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1485(title)

4134

4387

msgid "Install OpenStack Compute (Nova)"

4135

4388

msgstr ""

4136

4389

4137

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1207(para)

4390

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1487(para)

4138

4391

msgid ""

4139

4392

"<command>OpenStack Compute (Nova)</command> is a cloud computing fabric "

4140

4393

"controller (the main part of an IaaS system). It is written in Python, using "

4142

4395

"messaging protocol, and SQLAlchemy for data store access."

4143

4396

msgstr ""

4144

4397

4145

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1212(para)

4398

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1493(para)

4146

4399

msgid "Install OpenStack Nova components"

4147

4400

msgstr ""

4148

4401

4149

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1216(command)

4402

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1496(command)

4150

4403

msgid ""

4151

4404

"sudo apt-get install nova-api nova-network nova-volume nova-objectstore nova-"

4152

4405

"scheduler \\"

4153

4406

msgstr ""

4154

4407

4155

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1217(command)

4408

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1497(command)

4156

4409

msgid "nova-compute euca2ools unzip"

4157

4410

msgstr ""

4158

4411

4159

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1219(para)

4412

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1500(para)

4160

4413

msgid "Restart libvirt-bin just to make sure libvirtd is aware of ebtables."

4161

4414

msgstr ""

4162

4415

4163

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1222(command)

4416

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1504(command)

4164

4417

msgid "sudo service libvirt-bin restart"

4165

4418

msgstr ""

4166

4419

4167

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1224(para)

4420

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1507(para)

4168

4421

msgid "Install RabbitMQ - Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)"

4169

4422

msgstr ""

4170

4423

4171

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1228(command)

4424

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1510(command)

4172

4425

msgid "sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server"

4173

4426

msgstr ""

4174

4427

4175

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1231(para)

4428

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1513(para)

4176

4429

msgid "Edit <filename>/etc/nova/nova.conf</filename> and add the following:"

4177

4430

msgstr ""

4178

4431

4179

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1234(programlisting)

4432

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1516(programlisting)

4180

4433

#, no-wrap

4181

4434

msgid ""

4182

4435

"\n"

4192

4445

"--public_interface=eth0\n"

4193

4446

msgstr ""

4194

4447

4195

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1247(para)

4448

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1529(para)

4196

4449

msgid "Restart OpenStack services"

4197

4450

msgstr ""

4198

4451

4199

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1251(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1255(command)

4452

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1532(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1537(command)

4200

4453

msgid ""

4201

4454

"for i in nova-api nova-network nova-objectstore nova-scheduler nova-volume "

4202

4455

"nova-compute; \\"

4203

4456

msgstr ""

4204

4457

4205

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1252(command)

4458

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1533(command)

4206

4459

msgid "do sudo stop $i; sleep 2; done"

4207

4460

msgstr ""

4208

4461

4209

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1256(command)

4462

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1538(command)

4210

4463

msgid "do sudo start $i; sleep 2; done"

4211

4464

msgstr ""

4212

4465

4213

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1258(para)

4466

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1541(para)

4214

4467

msgid ""

4215

4468

"Migrate Nova database from sqlite db to MySQL db. It may take a while."

4216

4469

msgstr ""

4217

4470

4218

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1262(command)

4471

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1545(command)

4219

4472

msgid "sudo nova-manage db sync"

4220

4473

msgstr ""

4221

4474

4222

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1264(para)

4475

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1548(para)

4223

4476

msgid ""

4224

4477

"Define a specific <application>private network</application> where all your "

4225

4478

"Instances will run. This will be used in the network of fixed Ips set inside "

4226

4479

"<filename>nova.conf </filename>."

4227

4480

msgstr ""

4228

4481

4229

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1269(command)

4482

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1553(command)

4230

4483

msgid ""

4231

4484

"sudo nova-manage network create --fixed_range_v4 10.0.0.0/24 --label private "

4232

4485

"\\"

4233

4486

msgstr ""

4234

4487

4235

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1270(command)

4488

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1554(command)

4236

4489

msgid "--bridge_interface br100"

4237

4490

msgstr ""

4238

4491

4239

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1272(para)

4492

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1557(para)

4240

4493

msgid ""

4241

4494

"Define a specific public network and allocate 6 (usable) Floating Public IP "

4242

4495

"addresses for use with the instances starting from 10.153.107.72."

4243

4496

msgstr ""

4244

4497

4245

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1276(command)

4498

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1562(command)

4246

4499

msgid "sudo nova-manage floating create --ip_range=10.153.107.72/29"

4247

4500

msgstr ""

4248

4501

4249

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1278(para)

4502

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1565(para)

4250

4503

msgid ""

4251

4504

"Create a user (user1), a project (project1), download credentials and source "

4252

4505

"its configuration file."

4253

4506

msgstr ""

4254

4507

4255

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1280(command)

4508

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1569(command)

4256

4509

msgid "cd ; mkdir nova ; cd nova"

4257

4510

msgstr ""

4258

4511

4259

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1281(command)

4512

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1570(command)

4260

4513

msgid "sudo nova-manage user admin user1"

4261

4514

msgstr ""

4262

4515

4263

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1282(command)

4516

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1571(command)

4264

4517

msgid "sudo nova-manage project create project1 user1"

4265

4518

msgstr ""

4266

4519

4267

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1283(command)

4520

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1572(command)

4268

4521

msgid "sudo nova-manage project zipfile project1 user1"

4269

4522

msgstr ""

4270

4523

4271

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1284(command)

4524

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1573(command)

4272

4525

msgid "unzip nova.zip"

4273

4526

msgstr ""

4274

4527

4275

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1285(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1359(command)

4528

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1574(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1657(command)

4276

4529

msgid "source novarc"

4277

4530

msgstr ""

4278

4531

4279

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1288(para)

4532

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1577(para)

4280

4533

msgid "Verify the OpenStack Compute installation by typing:"

4281

4534

msgstr ""

4282

4535

4283

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1290(command)

4536

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1580(command)

4284

4537

msgid "sudo nova-manage service list"

4285

4538

msgstr ""

4286

4539

4287

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1291(command)

4540

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1581(command)

4288

4541

msgid "sudo nova-manage version list"

4289

4542

msgstr ""

4290

4543

4291

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1293(para)

4544

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1584(para)

4292

4545

msgid ""

4293

4546

"If nova services don't show up correctly restart OpenStack services as "

4294

4547

"described previously. For more information please refer to the "

4295

4548

"troubleshooting section on this guide."

4296

4549

msgstr ""

4297

4550

4298

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1299(title)

4551

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1590(title)

4299

4552

msgid "Install Imaging Service (Glance)"

4300

4553

msgstr ""

4301

4554

4302

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1300(para)

4555

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1592(para)

4303

4556

msgid ""

4304

4557

"Nova uses Glance service to manage Operating System images that it needs for "

4305

4558

"bringing up instances. Glance can use several types of storage backends such "

4309

4562

"storage backend."

4310

4563

msgstr ""

4311

4564

4312

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1306(para)

4565

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1599(para)

4313

4566

msgid "Install Glance"

4314

4567

msgstr ""

4315

4568

4316

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1308(command)

4569

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1602(command)

4317

4570

msgid "sudo apt-get install glance"

4318

4571

msgstr ""

4319

4572

4320

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1310(para)

4573

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1605(para)

4321

4574

msgid "Create a database and user for glance"

4322

4575

msgstr ""

4323

4576

4324

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1314(command)

4577

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1608(command)

4325

4578

msgid "sudo mysql -uroot -ppassword -e \"CREATE DATABASE glance;\""

4326

4579

msgstr ""

4327

4580

4328

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1315(command)

4581

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1609(command)

4329

4582

msgid ""

4330

4583

"sudo mysql -uroot -ppassword -e \"GRANT ALL ON glance.* TO "

4331

4584

"glanceuser@localhost \\"

4332

4585

msgstr ""

4333

4586

4334

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1316(command)

4587

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1610(command)

4335

4588

msgid "IDENTIFIED BY 'glancepassword';\""

4336

4589

msgstr ""

4337

4590

4338

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1318(para)

4591

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1613(para)

4339

4592

msgid ""

4340

4593

"Edit the file /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf and edit the line which "

4341

4594

"contains the option \"sql_connection =\" to this:"

4342

4595

msgstr ""

4343

4596

4344

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1322(programlisting)

4597

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1616(programlisting)

4345

4598

#, no-wrap

4346

4599

msgid "sql_connection = mysql://glanceuser:glancepassword@localhost/glance"

4347

4600

msgstr ""

4348

4601

4349

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1324(para)

4602

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1618(para)

4350

4603

msgid "Remove the sqlite database"

4351

4604

msgstr ""

4352

4605

4353

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1326(command)

4606

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1621(command)

4354

4607

msgid "rm -rf /var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite"

4355

4608

msgstr ""

4356

4609

4357

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1331(para)

4610

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1624(para)

4358

4611

msgid ""

4359

4612

"Restart glance-registry after making changes to /etc/glance/glance-"

4360

4613

"registry.conf. The MySQL database will be automatically populated."

4361

4614

msgstr ""

4362

4615

4363

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1334(command)

4616

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1629(command)

4364

4617

msgid "sudo restart glance-registry"

4365

4618

msgstr ""

4366

4619

4367

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1338(para)

4620

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1632(para)

4368

4621

msgid ""

4369

4622

"If you find issues take a look at the log file in /var/log/glance/api.log "

4370

4623

"and /var/log/glance/registry.log."

4371

4624

msgstr ""

4372

4625

4373

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1343(title)

4626

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1637(title)

4374

4627

msgid "Running Instances"

4375

4628

msgstr ""

4376

4629

4377

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1344(para)

4630

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1639(para)

4378

4631

msgid ""

4379

4632

"Before you can instantiate images, you first need to setup user credentials. "

4380

4633

"Once this first step is achieved you also need to upload images that you "

4383

4636

"follow to get OpenStack Nova running instances:"

4384

4637

msgstr ""

4385

4638

4386

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1351(para)

4639

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1646(para)

4387

4640

msgid "Download, register and publish an Ubuntu cloud image"

4388

4641

msgstr ""

4389

4642

4390

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1353(command)

4643

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1649(command)

4391

4644

msgid ""

4392

4645

"wget http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/raring/current/raring-server-cloudimg-"

4393

4646

"amd64.tar.gz"

4394

4647

msgstr ""

4395

4648

4396

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1354(command)

4649

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1650(command)

4397

4650

msgid ""

4398

4651

"cloud-publish-tarball raring-server-cloudimg-amd64.tar.gz raring_amd64"

4399

4652

msgstr ""

4400

4653

4401

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1356(para)

4654

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1653(para)

4402

4655

msgid "Create a key pair and start an instance"

4403

4656

msgstr ""

4404

4657

4405

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1358(command)

4658

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1656(command)

4406

4659

msgid "cd ~/nova"

4407

4660

msgstr ""

4408

4661

4409

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1360(command)

4662

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1658(command)

4410

4663

msgid "euca-add-keypair user1 > user1.priv"

4411

4664

msgstr ""

4412

4665

4413

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1361(command)

4666

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1659(command)

4414

4667

msgid "chmod 0600 user1.priv"

4415

4668

msgstr ""

4416

4669

4417

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1364(para)

4670

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1662(para)

4418

4671

msgid "Allow icmp (ping) and ssh access to instances"

4419

4672

msgstr ""

4420

4673

4421

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1366(command)

4674

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1665(command)

4422

4675

msgid "euca-authorize default -P tcp -p 22 -s 0.0.0.0/0"

4423

4676

msgstr ""

4424

4677

4425

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1367(command)

4678

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1666(command)

4426

4679

msgid "euca-authorize -P icmp -t -1:-1 default"

4427

4680

msgstr ""

4428

4681

4429

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1369(para)

4682

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1669(para)

4430

4683

msgid "Run an instance"

4431

4684

msgstr ""

4432

4685

4433

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1372(command)

4686

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1672(command)

4434

4687

msgid "ami=`euca-describe-images | awk {'print $2'} | grep -m1 ami`"

4435

4688

msgstr ""

4436

4689

4437

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1373(command)

4690

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1673(command)

4438

4691

msgid "euca-run-instances $ami -k user1 -t m1.tiny"

4439

4692

msgstr ""

4440

4693

4441

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1374(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1383(command)

4694

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1674(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1682(command)

4442

4695

msgid "euca-describe-instances"

4443

4696

msgstr ""

4444

4697

4445

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1377(para)

4698

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1677(para)

4446

4699

msgid "Assign public address to the instance."

4447

4700

msgstr ""

4448

4701

4449

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1381(command)

4702

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1680(command)

4450

4703

msgid "euca-allocate-address"

4451

4704

msgstr ""

4452

4705

4453

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1382(command)

4706

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1681(command)

4454

4707

msgid "euca-associate-address -i instance_id public_ip_address"

4455

4708

msgstr ""

4456

4709

4457

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1386(para)

4710

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1685(para)

4458

4711

msgid ""

4459

4712

"You must enter above the <application>instance_id (ami)</application> and "

4460

4713

"<application>public_ip_address</application> shown above by euca-describe-"

4461

4714

"instances and euca-allocate-address commands."

4462

4715

msgstr ""

4463

4716

4464

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1390(para)

4717

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1690(para)

4465

4718

msgid "Now you should be able to SSH to the instance"

4466

4719

msgstr ""

4467

4720

4468

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1393(application)

4721

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1693(application)

4469

4722

msgid "ipaddress"

4470

4723

msgstr ""

4471

4724

4472

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1393(command)

4725

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1693(command)

4473

4726

msgid "ssh -i user1.priv ubuntu@<placeholder-1/>"

4474

4727

msgstr ""

4475

4728

4476

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1396(para)

4729

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1696(para)

4477

4730

msgid "To terminate instances"

4478

4731

msgstr ""

4479

4732

4480

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1398(application)

4733

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1699(application)

4481

4734

msgid "instance_id"

4482

4735

msgstr ""

4483

4736

4484

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1398(command)

4737

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1699(command)

4485

4738

msgid "euca-terminate-instances <placeholder-1/>"

4486

4739

msgstr ""

4487

4740

4488

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1404(title)

4741

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1704(title)

4489

4742

msgid "Install the Storage Infrastructure (Swift)"

4490

4743

msgstr ""

4491

4744

4492

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1405(para)

4745

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1706(para)

4493

4746

msgid ""

4494

4747

"Swift is a highly available, distributed, eventually consistent object/blob "

4495

4748

"store. It is used by the OpenStack Infrastructure to provide S3 like cloud "

4496

4749

"storage services. It is also S3 api compatible with amazon."

4497

4750

msgstr ""

4498

4751

4499

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1408(para)

4752

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1711(para)

4500

4753

msgid ""

4501

4754

"Organizations use Swift to store lots of data efficiently, safely, and "

4502

4755

"cheaply where applications use an special api to interface between the "

4503

4756

"applications and objects stored in Swift."

4504

4757

msgstr ""

4505

4758

4506

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1412(para)

4759

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1715(para)

4507

4760

msgid ""

4508

4761

"Although you can install Swift on a single server, a multiple-server "

4509

4762

"installation is required for production environments. If you want to install "

4511

4764

"purposes, use the Swift All In One instructions on Ubuntu."

4512

4765

msgstr ""

4513

4766

4514

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1416(para)

4767

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1721(para)

4515

4768

msgid ""

4516

4769

"For more information see: <ulink "

4517

4770

"url=\"http://swift.openstack.org/development_saio.html\">http://swift.opensta"

4518

4771

"ck.org/development_saio.html </ulink> ."

4519

4772

msgstr ""

4520

4773

4521

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1423(title)

4774

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1727(title)

4522

4775

msgid "Support and Troubleshooting"

4523

4776

msgstr ""

4524

4777

4525

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1424(para)

4778

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1729(para)

4526

4779

msgid "Community Support"

4527

4780

msgstr ""

4528

4781

4529

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1428(ulink)

4782

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1733(ulink)

4530

4783

msgid "OpenStack Mailing list"

4531

4784

msgstr ""

4532

4785

4533

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1433(ulink)

4786

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1738(ulink)

4534

4787

msgid "The OpenStack Wiki search"

4535

4788

msgstr ""

4536

4789

4537

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1439(ulink)

4790

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1743(ulink)

4538

4791

msgid "Launchpad bugs area"

4539

4792

msgstr ""

4540

4793

4541

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1443(para)

4794

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1748(para)

4542

4795

msgid "Join the IRC channel #openstack on freenode."

4543

4796

msgstr ""

4544

4797

4545

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1457(ulink)

4798

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1759(ulink)

4546

4799

msgid "Cloud Computing - Service models"

4547

4800

msgstr ""

4548

4801

4549

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1462(ulink)

4802

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1765(ulink)

4550

4803

msgid "OpenStack Compute"

4551

4804

msgstr ""

4552

4805

4553

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1467(ulink)

4806

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1771(ulink)

4554

4807

msgid "OpenStack Image Service"

4555

4808

msgstr ""

4556

4809

4557

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1472(ulink)

4810

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1777(ulink)

4558

4811

msgid "OpenStack Object Storage Administration Guide"

4559

4812

msgstr ""

4560

4813

4561

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1477(ulink)

4814

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1783(ulink)

4562

4815

msgid "Installing OpenStack Object Storage on Ubuntu"

4563

4816

msgstr ""

4564

4817

4565

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1482(ulink)

4818

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1789(ulink)

4566

4819

msgid "http://cloudglossary.com/"

4567

4820

msgstr ""

4568

4821

4569

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1492(title)

4822

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1797(title)

4570

4823

msgid "Glossary"

4571

4824

msgstr ""

4572

4825

4573

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1494(para)

4826

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1799(para)

4574

4827

msgid ""

4575

4828

"The Ubuntu Cloud documentation uses terminology that might be unfamiliar to "

4576

4829

"some readers. This page is intended to provide a glossary of such terms and "

4577

4830

"acronyms."

4578

4831

msgstr ""

4579

4832

4580

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1501(para)

4833

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1805(para)

4581

4834

msgid ""

4582

4835

"<emphasis>Cloud</emphasis> - A federated set of physical machines that offer "

4583

4836

"computing resources through virtual machines, provisioned and recollected "

4584

4837

"dynamically."

4585

4838

msgstr ""

4586

4839

4587

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1507(para)

4840

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1811(para)

4588

4841

msgid ""

4589

4842

"<emphasis>IaaS</emphasis> - Infrastructure as a Service -- Cloud "

4590

4843

"infrastructure services, whereby a virtualized environment is delivered as a "

4592

4845

"servers, network equipment, and software."

4593

4846

msgstr ""

4594

4847

4595

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1514(para)

4848

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1819(para)

4596

4849

msgid "<emphasis>EBS</emphasis> - Elastic Block Storage."

4597

4850

msgstr ""

4598

4851

4599

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1519(para)

4852

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1823(para)

4600

4853

msgid ""

4601

4854

"<emphasis>EC2</emphasis> - Elastic Compute Cloud. Amazon's pay-by-the-hour, "

4602

4855

"pay-by-the-gigabyte public cloud computing offering."

4603

4856

msgstr ""

4604

4857

4605

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1524(para)

4858

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1829(para)

4606

4859

msgid ""

4607

4860

"<emphasis>Node</emphasis> - A node is a physical machine that's capable of "

4608

4861

"running virtual machines, running a node controller. Within Ubuntu, this "

4610

4863

"hypervisor."

4611

4864

msgstr ""

4612

4865

4613

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1530(para)

4866

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1836(para)

4614

4867

msgid ""

4615

4868

"<emphasis>S3</emphasis> - Simple Storage Service. Amazon's pay-by-the-"

4616

4869

"gigabyte persistent storage solution for EC2."

4617

4870

msgstr ""

4618

4871

4619

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1535(para)

4872

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1841(para)

4620

4873

msgid ""

4621

4874

"<emphasis>Ubuntu Cloud</emphasis> - Ubuntu Cloud. Ubuntu's cloud computing "

4622

4875

"solution, based on OpenStack."

4623

4876

msgstr ""

4624

4877

4625

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1540(para)

4878

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1846(para)

4626

4879

msgid "<emphasis>VM</emphasis> - Virtual Machine."

4627

4880

msgstr ""

4628

4881

4629

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1545(para)

4882

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1850(para)

4630

4883

msgid ""

4631

4884

"<emphasis>VT</emphasis> - Virtualization Technology. An optional feature of "

4632

4885

"some modern CPUs, allowing for accelerated virtual machine hosting."

4633

4886

msgstr ""

4634

4887

4635

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1557(title)

4888

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1859(title)

4636

4889

msgid "LXC"

4637

4890

msgstr ""

4638

4891

4639

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1558(para)

4892

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1861(para)

4640

4893

msgid ""

4641

4894

"Containers are a lightweight virtualization technology. They are more akin "

4642

4895

"to an enhanced chroot than to full virtualization like Qemu or VMware, both "

4651

4904

"that they can be used with an un-modified upstream kernel."

4652

4905

msgstr ""

4653

4906

4654

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1573(para)

4907

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1874(para)

4655

4908

msgid ""

4656

4909

"There are two user-space implementations of containers, each exploiting the "

4657

4910

"same kernel features. Libvirt allows the use of containers through the LXC "

4662

4915

"there are peculiarities which can cause confusion."

4663

4916

msgstr ""

4664

4917

4665

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1584(para)

4918

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1883(para)

4666

4919

msgid ""

4667

4920

"In this document we will mainly describe the <application>lxc</application> "

4668

4921

"package. Toward the end, we will describe how to use the libvirt LXC driver."

4669

4922

msgstr ""

4670

4923

4671

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1589(para)

4924

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1887(para)

4672

4925

msgid "In this document, a container name will be shown as CN, C1, or C2."

4673

4926

msgstr ""

4674

4927

4675

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1595(para)

4928

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1893(para)

4676

4929

msgid "The <application>lxc</application> package can be installed using"

4677

4930

msgstr ""

4678

4931

4679

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1600(command)

4932

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1897(command)

4680

4933

msgid "sudo apt-get install lxc"

4681

4934

msgstr ""

4682

4935

4683

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1605(para)

4936

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1902(para)

4684

4937

msgid ""

4685

4938

"This will pull in the required and recommended dependencies, including "

4686

4939

"cgroup-lite, lvm2, and debootstrap. To use libvirt-lxc, install libvirt-bin. "

4687

4940

"LXC and libvirt-lxc can be installed and used at the same time."

4688

4941

msgstr ""

4689

4942

4690

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1613(title)

4943

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1909(title)

4691

4944

msgid "Host Setup"

4692

4945

msgstr ""

4693

4946

4694

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1615(title)

4947

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1912(title)

4695

4948

msgid "Basic layout of LXC files"

4696

4949

msgstr ""

4697

4950

4698

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1616(para)

4951

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1914(para)

4699

4952

msgid ""

4700

4953

"Following is a description of the files and directories which are installed "

4701

4954

"and used by LXC."

4702

4955

msgstr ""

4703

4956

4704

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1623(para)

4957

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1919(para)

4705

4958

msgid "There are two upstart jobs:"

4706

4959

msgstr ""

4707

4960

4708

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1627(para)

4961

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1925(para)

4709

4962

msgid ""

4710

4963

"<filename>/etc/init/lxc-net.conf:</filename> is an optional job which only "

4711

4964

"runs if <filename> /etc/default/lxc</filename> specifies USE_LXC_BRIDGE "

4712

4965

"(true by default). It sets up a NATed bridge for containers to use."

4713

4966

msgstr ""

4714

4967

4715

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1636(para)

4968

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1933(para)

4716

4969

msgid ""

4717

4970

"<filename>/etc/init/lxc.conf:</filename> runs if LXC_AUTO (true by default) "

4718

4971

"is set to true in <filename>/etc/default/lxc</filename>. It looks for "

4720

4973

"to configuration files for the containers which should be started at boot."

4721

4974

msgstr ""

4722

4975

4723

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1648(para)

4976

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1944(para)

4724

4977

msgid ""

4725

4978

"<filename>/etc/lxc/lxc.conf:</filename> There is a default container "

4726

4979

"creation configuration file, <filename>/etc/lxc/lxc.conf</filename>, which "

4729

4982

"one will be used."

4730

4983

msgstr ""

4731

4984

4732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1658(para)

4985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1953(para)

4733

4986

msgid ""

4734

4987

"Examples of other container creation configuration files are found under "

4735

4988

"<filename>/usr/share/doc/lxc/examples</filename>. These show how to create "

4737

4990

"network layouts."

4738

4991

msgstr ""

4739

4992

4740

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1667(para)

4993

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1960(para)

4741

4994

msgid ""

4742

4995

"The various container administration tools are found under "

4743

4996

"<filename>/usr/bin</filename>."

4744

4997

msgstr ""

4745

4998

4746

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1674(para)

4999

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1965(para)

4747

5000

msgid ""

4748

5001

"<filename>/usr/lib/lxc/lxc-init</filename> is a very minimal and lightweight "

4749

5002

"init binary which is used by lxc-execute. Rather than `booting' a full "

4752

5005

"to need to manually refer to this file."

4753

5006

msgstr ""

4754

5007

4755

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1684(para)

5008

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1974(para)

4756

5009

msgid ""

4757

5010

"<filename>/usr/lib/lxc/templates/</filename> contains the `templates' which "

4758

5011

"can be used to create new containers of various distributions and flavors. "

4759

5012

"Not all templates are currently supported."

4760

5013

msgstr ""

4761

5014

4762

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1692(para)

5015

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1981(para)

4763

5016

msgid ""

4764

5017

"<filename>/etc/apparmor.d/lxc/lxc-default</filename> contains the default "

4765

5018

"Apparmor MAC policy which works to protect the host from containers. Please "

4766

5019

"see the <xref linkend=\"lxc-apparmor\"/> for more information."

4767

5020

msgstr ""

4768

5021

4769

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1700(para)

5022

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1988(para)

4770

5023

msgid ""

4771

5024

"<filename>/etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.lxc-start</filename> contains a profile to "

4772

5025

"protect the host from <command>lxc-start</command> while it is setting up "

4773

5026

"the container."

4774

5027

msgstr ""

4775

5028

4776

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1708(para)

5029

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1995(para)

4777

5030

msgid ""

4778

5031

"<filename>/etc/apparmor.d/lxc-containers</filename> causes all the profiles "

4779

5032

"defined under <filename>/etc/apparmor.d/lxc</filename> to be loaded at boot."

4780

5033

msgstr ""

4781

5034

4782

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1716(para)

5035

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2002(para)

4783

5036

msgid ""

4784

5037

"There are various man pages for the LXC administration tools as well as the "

4785

5038

"<filename>lxc.conf</filename> container configuration file."

4786

5039

msgstr ""

4787

5040

4788

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1723(para)

5041

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2008(para)

4789

5042

msgid ""

4790

5043

"<filename>/var/lib/lxc</filename> is where containers and their "

4791

5044

"configuration information are stored."

4792

5045

msgstr ""

4793

5046

4794

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1730(para)

5047

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2013(para)

4795

5048

msgid ""

4796

5049

"<filename>/var/cache/lxc</filename> is where caches of distribution data are "

4797

5050

"stored to speed up multiple container creations."

4798

5051

msgstr ""

4799

5052

4800

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1739(title)

5053

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2021(title)

4801

5054

msgid "lxcbr0"

4802

5055

msgstr ""

4803

5056

4804

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1740(para)

5057

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2023(para)

4805

5058

msgid ""

4806

5059

"When USE_LXC_BRIDGE is set to true in /etc/default/lxc (as it is by "

4807

5060

"default), a bridge called lxcbr0 is created at startup. This bridge is given "

4811

5064

"runs, lxc-net will fail to start and lxcbr0 will not exist."

4812

5065

msgstr ""

4813

5066

4814

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1749(para)

5067

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2031(para)

4815

5068

msgid ""

4816

5069

"If you have another bridge - libvirt's default virbr0, or a br0 bridge for "

4817

5070

"your default NIC - you can use that bridge in place of lxcbr0 for your "

4818

5071

"containers."

4819

5072

msgstr ""

4820

5073

4821

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1757(title)

5074

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2037(title)

4822

5075

msgid "Using a separate filesystem for the container store"

4823

5076

msgstr ""

4824

5077

4825

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1758(para)

5078

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2039(para)

4826

5079

msgid ""

4827

5080

"LXC stores container information and (with the default backing store) root "

4828

5081

"filesystems under <filename>/var/lib/lxc</filename>. Container creation "

4830

5083

"<filename>/var/cache/lxc</filename>."

4831

5084

msgstr ""

4832

5085

4833

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1765(para)

5086

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2044(para)

4834

5087

msgid ""

4835

5088

"If you wish to use another filesystem than <filename>/var</filename>, you "

4836

5089

"can mount a filesystem which has more space into those locations. If you "

4841

5094

"filesystem, create and symlink two directories:"

4842

5095

msgstr ""

4843

5096

4844

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1775(command)

5097

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2054(command)

4845

5098

msgid ""

4846

5099

"sudo mkdir /srv/lxclib /srv/lxccache sudo rm -rf /var/lib/lxc /var/cache/lxc "

4847

5100

"sudo ln -s /srv/lxclib /var/lib/lxc sudo ln -s /srv/lxccache /var/cache/lxc"

4848

5101

msgstr ""

4849

5102

4850

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1783(para)

5103

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2062(para)

4851

5104

msgid "or, using bind mounts:"

4852

5105

msgstr ""

4853

5106

4854

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1788(command)

5107

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2065(command)

4855

5108

msgid ""

4856

5109

"sudo mkdir /srv/lxclib /srv/lxccache sudo sed -i '$a \\ /srv/lxclib "

4857

5110

"/var/lib/lxc none defaults,bind 0 0 \\ /srv/lxccache /var/cache/lxc none "

4858

5111

"defaults,bind 0 0' /etc/fstab sudo mount -a"

4859

5112

msgstr ""

4860

5113

4861

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1800(title)

5114

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2076(title)

4862

5115

msgid "Containers backed by lvm"

4863

5116

msgstr ""

4864

5117

4865

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1802(para)

5118

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2078(para)

4866

5119

msgid ""

4867

5120

"It is possible to use LVM partitions as the backing stores for containers. "

4868

5121

"Advantages of this include flexibility in storage management and fast "

4874

5127

"to the lV block device name, i.e. <filename>/dev/lxc/CN</filename>."

4875

5128

msgstr ""

4876

5129

4877

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1814(para)

5130

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2088(para)

4878

5131

msgid "Containers with directory tree and LVM backing stores can co-exist."

4879

5132

msgstr ""

4880

5133

4881

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1821(title)

5134

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2093(title)

4882

5135

msgid "Btrfs"

4883

5136

msgstr ""

4884

5137

4885

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1822(para)

5138

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2095(para)

4886

5139

msgid ""

4887

5140

"If your host has a btrfs <filename>/var</filename>, the LXC administration "

4888

5141

"tools will detect this and automatically exploit it by cloning containers "

4889

5142

"using btrfs snapshots."

4890

5143

msgstr ""

4891

5144

4892

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1830(title)

5145

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2101(title)

4893

5146

msgid "Apparmor"

4894

5147

msgstr ""

4895

5148

4896

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1831(para)

5149

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2103(para)

4897

5150

msgid ""

4898

5151

"LXC ships with an Apparmor profile intended to protect the host from "

4899

5152

"accidental misuses of privilege inside the container. For instance, the "

4901

5154

"trigger</filename> or to most <filename>/sys</filename> files."

4902

5155

msgstr ""

4903

5156

4904

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1838(para)

5157

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2109(para)

4905

5158

msgid ""

4906

5159

"The <filename>usr.bin.lxc-start</filename> profile is entered by running "

4907

5160

"<command>lxc-start</command>. This profile mainly prevents <command>lxc-"

4914

5167

"dangerous paths, and from mounting most filesystems."

4915

5168

msgstr ""

4916

5169

4917

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1850(para)

5170

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2120(para)

4918

5171

msgid ""

4919

5172

"If you find that <command>lxc-start</command> is failing due to a legitimate "

4920

5173

"access which is being denied by its Apparmor policy, you can disable the lxc-"

4921

5174

"start profile by doing:"

4922

5175

msgstr ""

4923

5176

4924

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1856(screen)

5177

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2124(screen)

4925

5178

#, no-wrap

4926

5179

msgid ""

4927

5180

"\n"

4929

5182

"sudo ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.lxc-start /etc/apparmor.d/disabled/\n"

4930

5183

msgstr ""

4931

5184

4932

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1861(para)

5185

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2129(para)

4933

5186

msgid ""

4934

5187

"This will make <command>lxc-start</command> run unconfined, but continue to "

4935

5188

"confine the container itself. If you also wish to disable confinement of the "

4937

5190

"start</filename> profile, you must add:"

4938

5191

msgstr ""

4939

5192

4940

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1868(screen)

5193

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2134(screen)

4941

5194

#, no-wrap

4942

5195

msgid ""

4943

5196

"\n"

4944

5197

"lxc.aa_profile = unconfined\n"

4945

5198

msgstr ""

4946

5199

4947

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1872(para)

5200

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2138(para)

4948

5201

msgid ""

4949

5202

"to the container's configuration file. If you wish to run a container in a "

4950

5203

"custom profile, you can create a new profile under "

4957

5210

"permissions at the bottom of your policy."

4958

5211

msgstr ""

4959

5212

4960

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1883(para)

5213

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2149(para)

4961

5214

msgid "After creating the policy, load it using:"

4962

5215

msgstr ""

4963

5216

4964

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1885(screen)

5217

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2151(screen)

4965

5218

#, no-wrap

4966

5219

msgid ""

4967

5220

"\n"

4968

5221

"sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/lxc-containers\n"

4969

5222

msgstr ""

4970

5223

4971

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1889(para)

5224

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2155(para)

4972

5225

msgid ""

4973

5226

"The profile will automatically be loaded after a reboot, because it is "

4974

5227

"sourced by the file <filename>/etc/apparmor.d/lxc-containers</filename>. "

4977

5230

"configuration file:"

4978

5231

msgstr ""

4979

5232

4980

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1897(screen)

5233

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2162(screen)

4981

5234

#, no-wrap

4982

5235

msgid ""

4983

5236

"\n"

4984

5237

"lxc.aa_profile = lxc-CN-profile\n"

4985

5238

msgstr ""

4986

5239

4987

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1901(para)

5240

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2166(para)

4988

5241

msgid ""

4989

5242

"<command>lxc-execute</command> does not enter an Apparmor profile, but the "

4990

5243

"container it spawns will be confined."

4991

5244

msgstr ""

4992

5245

4993

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1909(title)

5246

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2171(title)

4994

5247

msgid "Control Groups"

4995

5248

msgstr ""

4996

5249

4997

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1910(para)

5250

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2173(para)

4998

5251

msgid ""

4999

5252

"Control groups (cgroups) are a kernel feature providing hierarchical task "

5000

5253

"grouping and per-cgroup resource accounting and limits. They are used in "

5013

5266

"<filename>/sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/lxc/CN</filename>."

5014

5267

msgstr ""

5015

5268

5016

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1929(title)

5269

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2192(title)

5017

5270

msgid "Privilege"

5018

5271

msgstr ""

5019

5272

5020

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1930(para)

5273

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2194(para)

5021

5274

msgid ""

5022

5275

"The container administration tools must be run with root user privilege. A "

5023

5276

"utility called <filename>lxc-setup</filename> was written with the intention "

5028

5281

"provide the LXC administrators the needed sudo privilege."

5029

5282

msgstr ""

5030

5283

5031

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1941(para)

5284

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2203(para)

5032

5285

msgid ""

5033

5286

"The user namespace, which is expected to be available in the next Long Term "

5034

5287

"Support (LTS) release, will allow containment of the container root user, as "

5036

5289

"administering containers."

5037

5290

msgstr ""

5038

5291

5039

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1950(title)

5292

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2210(title)

5040

5293

msgid "LXC Upstart Jobs"

5041

5294

msgstr ""

5042

5295

5043

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1951(para)

5296

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2212(para)

5044

5297

msgid ""

5045

5298

"As listed above, the <application>lxc</application> package includes two "

5046

5299

"upstart jobs. The first, <filename>lxc-net</filename>, is always started "

5053

5306

"which is using that bridge."

5054

5307

msgstr ""

5055

5308

5056

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1962(para)

5309

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2223(para)

5057

5310

msgid ""

5058

5311

"The <filename>lxc</filename> job starts on runlevel 2-5. If the LXC_AUTO "

5059

5312

"variable is set to true, then it will look under "

5062

5315

"manually or by entering runlevel 0, 1, or 6, it will stop those containers."

5063

5316

msgstr ""

5064

5317

5065

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1970(para)

5318

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2230(para)

5066

5319

msgid ""

5067

5320

"To register a container to start automatically, create a symbolic link "

5068

5321

"<filename>/etc/default/lxc/name.conf</filename> pointing to the container's "

5071

5324

"make that container auto-start, use the command:"

5072

5325

msgstr ""

5073

5326

5074

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1979(command)

5327

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2238(command)

5075

5328

msgid "sudo ln -s /var/lib/lxc/CN/config /etc/lxc/auto/CN.conf"

5076

5329

msgstr ""

5077

5330

5078

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1988(title)

5331

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2246(title)

5079

5332

msgid "Container Administration"

5080

5333

msgstr ""

5081

5334

5082

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1990(title)

5335

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2249(title)

5083

5336

msgid "Creating Containers"

5084

5337

msgstr ""

5085

5338

5086

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:1992(para)

5339

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2251(para)

5087

5340

msgid ""

5088

5341

"The easiest way to create containers is using <command>lxc-create</command>. "

5089

5342

"This script uses distribution-specific templates under "

5093

5346

"<filename>/var/lib/lxc/CN/config</filename>, where CN is the container name"

5094

5347

msgstr ""

5095

5348

5096

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2001(para)

5349

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2260(para)

5097

5350

msgid "The simplest container creation command would look like:"

5098

5351

msgstr ""

5099

5352

5100

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2006(command)

5353

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2263(command)

5101

5354

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n CN"

5102

5355

msgstr ""

5103

5356

5104

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2011(para)

5357

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2268(para)

5105

5358

msgid ""

5106

5359

"This tells lxc-create to use the ubuntu template (-t ubuntu) and to call the "

5107

5360

"container CN (-n CN). Since no configuration file was specified (which would "

5110

5363

"single veth network interface attached to the lxcbr0 bridge."

5111

5364

msgstr ""

5112

5365

5113

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2019(para)

5366

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2275(para)

5114

5367

msgid ""

5115

5368

"The container creation templates can also accept arguments. These can be "

5116

5369

"listed after --. For instance"

5117

5370

msgstr ""

5118

5371

5119

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2025(command)

5372

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2279(command)

5120

5373

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n oneiric1 -- -r oneiric"

5121

5374

msgstr ""

5122

5375

5123

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2030(para)

5376

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2284(para)

5124

5377

msgid "passes the arguments '-r oneiric1' to the ubuntu template."

5125

5378

msgstr ""

5126

5379

5127

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2035(title)

5380

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2288(title)

5128

5381

msgid "Help"

5129

5382

msgstr ""

5130

5383

5131

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2036(para)

5384

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2290(para)

5132

5385

msgid ""

5133

5386

"Help on the lxc-create command can be seen by using<command> lxc-create -"

5134

5387

"h</command>. However, the templates also take their own options. If you do"

5135

5388

msgstr ""

5136

5389

5137

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2042(command)

5390

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2295(command)

5138

5391

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -h"

5139

5392

msgstr ""

5140

5393

5141

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2047(para)

5394

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2300(para)

5142

5395

msgid ""

5143

5396

"then the general <command>lxc-create</command> help will be followed by help "

5144

5397

"output specific to the ubuntu template. If no template is specified, then "

5145

5398

"only help for <command>lxc-create</command> itself will be shown."

5146

5399

msgstr ""

5147

5400

5148

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2055(title)

5401

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2307(title)

5149

5402

msgid "Ubuntu template"

5150

5403

msgstr ""

5151

5404

5152

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2057(para)

5405

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2309(para)

5153

5406

msgid ""

5154

5407

"The ubuntu template can be used to create Ubuntu system containers with any "

5155

5408

"release at least as new as 10.04 LTS. It uses debootstrap to create a cached "

5159

5412

"i.e.:"

5160

5413

msgstr ""

5161

5414

5162

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2067(command)

5415

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2317(command)

5163

5416

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n CN -- -F"

5164

5417

msgstr ""

5165

5418

5166

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2072(para)

5419

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2322(para)

5167

5420

msgid ""

5168

5421

"The Ubuntu release installed by the template will be the same as that on the "

5169

5422

"host, unless otherwise specified with the <emphasis>-r</emphasis> option, "

5170

5423

"i.e."

5171

5424

msgstr ""

5172

5425

5173

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2078(command)

5426

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2327(command)

5174

5427

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n CN -- -r lucid"

5175

5428

msgstr ""

5176

5429

5177

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2083(para)

5430

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2332(para)

5178

5431

msgid ""

5179

5432

"If you want to create a 32-bit container on a 64-bit host, pass <emphasis>-a "

5180

5433

"i386</emphasis> to the container. If you have the qemu-user-static package "

5182

5435

"by qemu-user-static."

5183

5436

msgstr ""

5184

5437

5185

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2089(para)

5438

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2337(para)

5186

5439

msgid ""

5187

5440

"The container will have a user named <emphasis>ubuntu</emphasis> whose "

5188

5441

"password is <emphasis>ubuntu</emphasis> and who is a member of the "

5191

5444

"sshkey.pub</emphasis>."

5192

5445

msgstr ""

5193

5446

5194

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2095(para)

5447

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2344(para)

5195

5448

msgid ""

5196

5449

"You can also <emphasis>bind</emphasis> user jdoe from the host into the "

5197

5450

"container using the <emphasis>-b jdoe</emphasis> option. This will copy "

5200

5453

"home directory into the container when the container is started."

5201

5454

msgstr ""

5202

5455

5203

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2103(para)

5456

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2351(para)

5204

5457

msgid ""

5205

5458

"When a container is created, the <filename>release-updates</filename> "

5206

5459

"archive is added to the container's <filename>sources.list</filename>, and "

5212

5465

"upgrade-able container."

5213

5466

msgstr ""

5214

5467

5215

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2115(title)

5468

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2363(title)

5216

5469

msgid "Ubuntu-cloud template"

5217

5470

msgstr ""

5218

5471

5219

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2117(para)

5472

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2365(para)

5220

5473

msgid ""

5221

5474

"The ubuntu-cloud template creates Ubuntu containers by downloading and "

5222

5475

"extracting the published Ubuntu cloud images. It accepts some of the same "

5233

5486

"sets a host id for cloud-init, which by default is set to a random string."

5234

5487

msgstr ""

5235

5488

5236

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2133(title)

5489

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2383(title)

5237

5490

msgid "Other templates"

5238

5491

msgstr ""

5239

5492

5240

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2135(para)

5493

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2385(para)

5241

5494

msgid ""

5242

5495

"The ubuntu and ubuntu-cloud templates are well supported. Other templates "

5243

5496

"are available however. The debian template creates a Debian based container, "

5246

5499

"chosen by setting the SUITE environment variable, i.e.:"

5247

5500

msgstr ""

5248

5501

5249

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2145(command)

5502

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2393(command)

5250

5503

msgid "sudo SUITE=sid lxc-create -t debian -n d1"

5251

5504

msgstr ""

5252

5505

5253

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2150(para)

5506

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2398(para)

5254

5507

msgid ""

5255

5508

"To purge the container image cache, call the template directly and pass it "

5256

5509

"the <emphasis>--clean</emphasis> option."

5257

5510

msgstr ""

5258

5511

5259

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2156(command)

5512

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2402(command)

5260

5513

msgid "sudo SUITE=sid /usr/lib/lxc/templates/lxc-debian --clean"

5261

5514

msgstr ""

5262

5515

5263

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2161(para)

5516

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2407(para)

5264

5517

msgid ""

5265

5518

"A fedora template exists, which creates containers based on fedora releases "

5266

5519

"<= 14. Fedora release 15 and higher are based on systemd, which the "

5270

5523

"12 container can be created with"

5271

5524

msgstr ""

5272

5525

5273

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2171(command)

5526

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2416(command)

5274

5527

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t fedora -n fedora12 -- -R 12"

5275

5528

msgstr ""

5276

5529

5277

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2176(para)

5530

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2421(para)

5278

5531

msgid ""

5279

5532

"A OpenSuSE template exists, but it requires the <command>zypper</command> "

5280

5533

"program, which is not yet packaged. The OpenSuSE template is therefore not "

5281

5534

"supported."

5282

5535

msgstr ""

5283

5536

5284

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2182(para)

5537

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2425(para)

5285

5538

msgid ""

5286

5539

"Two more templates exist mainly for experimental purposes. The busybox "

5287

5540

"template creates a very small system container based entirely on busybox. "

5292

5545

"you might:"

5293

5546

msgstr ""

5294

5547

5295

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2194(command)

5548

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2435(command)

5296

5549

msgid ""

5297

5550

"sudo lxc-create -t sshd -n ssh1 ssh-keygen -f id sudo mkdir "

5298

5551

"/var/lib/lxc/ssh1/rootfs/root/.ssh sudo cp id.pub "

5300

5553

"ssh -i id root@ssh1."

5301

5554

msgstr ""

5302

5555

5303

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2207(title)

5556

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2447(title)

5304

5557

msgid "Backing Stores"

5305

5558

msgstr ""

5306

5559

5307

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2209(para)

5560

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2449(para)

5308

5561

msgid ""

5309

5562

"By default, <command>lxc-create</command> places the container's root "

5310

5563

"filesystem as a directory tree at "

5313

5566

"you can create an lvm-backed container called CN using:"

5314

5567

msgstr ""

5315

5568

5316

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2217(command)

5569

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2457(command)

5317

5570

msgid "sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n CN -B lvm"

5318

5571

msgstr ""

5319

5572

5320

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2222(para)

5573

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2462(para)

5321

5574

msgid ""

5322

5575

"If you want to use a volume group named schroots, with a 5G xfs filesystem, "

5323

5576

"then you would use"

5324

5577

msgstr ""

5325

5578

5326

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2228(command)

5579

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2466(command)

5327

5580

msgid ""

5328

5581

"sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n CN -B lvm --vgname schroots --fssize 5G --"

5329

5582

"fstype xfs"

5330

5583

msgstr ""

5331

5584

5332

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2237(title)

5585

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2474(title)

5333

5586

msgid "Cloning"

5334

5587

msgstr ""

5335

5588

5336

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2239(para)

5589

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2476(para)

5337

5590

msgid ""

5338

5591

"For rapid provisioning, you may wish to customize a canonical container "

5339

5592

"according to your needs and then make multiple copies of it. This can be "

5341

5594

"container called C1, a new container called C2 can be created using"

5342

5595

msgstr ""

5343

5596

5344

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2249(command)

5597

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2483(command)

5345

5598

msgid "sudo lxc-clone -o C1 -n C2"

5346

5599

msgstr ""

5347

5600

5348

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2254(para)

5601

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2488(para)

5349

5602

msgid ""

5350

5603

"If <filename>/var/lib/lxc</filename> is a btrfs filesystem, then "

5351

5604

"<command>lxc-clone</command> will create C2's filesystem as a snapshot of "

5354

5607

"snapshot of the original as follows:"

5355

5608

msgstr ""

5356

5609

5357

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2263(command)

5610

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2495(command)

5358

5611

msgid "sudo lxc-clone -s -o C1 -n C2"

5359

5612

msgstr ""

5360

5613

5361

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2268(para)

5614

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2500(para)

5362

5615

msgid ""

5363

5616

"Both lvm and btrfs snapshots will provide fast cloning with very small "

5364

5617

"initial disk usage."

5365

5618

msgstr ""

5366

5619

5367

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2275(title)

5620

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2505(title)

5368

5621

msgid "Starting and stopping"

5369

5622

msgstr ""

5370

5623

5371

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2277(para)

5624

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2507(para)

5372

5625

msgid ""

5373

5626

"To start a container, use <command>lxc-start -n CN</command>. By default "

5374

5627

"<command>lxc-start</command> will execute <filename>/sbin/init</filename> in "

5376

5629

"arguments, as further arguments to <command>lxc-start</command>:"

5377

5630

msgstr ""

5378

5631

5379

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2285(command)

5632

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2514(command)

5380

5633

msgid "sudo lxc-start -n container /sbin/init loglevel=debug"

5381

5634

msgstr ""

5382

5635

5383

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2290(para)

5636

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2519(para)

5384

5637

msgid ""

5385

5638

"If you do not specify the <emphasis>-d</emphasis> (daemon) option, then you "

5386

5639

"will see a console (on the container's <filename>/dev/console</filename>, "

5392

5645

"check on the success or failure of the container startup."

5393

5646

msgstr ""

5394

5647

5395

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2302(para)

5648

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2530(para)

5396

5649

msgid ""

5397

5650

"To obtain LXC debugging information, use <emphasis>-o filename -l "

5398

5651

"debuglevel</emphasis>, for instance:"

5399

5652

msgstr ""

5400

5653

5401

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2308(command)

5654

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2534(command)

5402

5655

msgid "sudo lxc-start -o lxc.debug -l DEBUG -n container"

5403

5656

msgstr ""

5404

5657

5405

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2313(para)

5658

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2539(para)

5406

5659

msgid ""

5407

5660

"Finally, you can specify configuration parameters inline using <emphasis>-"

5408

5661

"s</emphasis>. However, it is generally recommended to place them in the "

5411

5664

"this is not generally recommended."

5412

5665

msgstr ""

5413

5666

5414

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2321(para)

5667

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2546(para)

5415

5668

msgid ""

5416

5669

"While <command>lxc-start</command> runs the container's "

5417

5670

"<filename>/sbin/init</filename>, <command>lxc-execute</command> uses a "

5426

5679

"this article</ulink> for more)."

5427

5680

msgstr ""

5428

5681

5429

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2334(para)

5682

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2559(para)

5430

5683

msgid ""

5431

5684

"You can stop a container several ways. You can use "

5432

5685

"<command>shutdown</command>, <command>poweroff</command> and "

5444

5697

"generally to send any signal number to the container's init."

5445

5698

msgstr ""

5446

5699

5447

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2351(para)

5700

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2575(para)

5448

5701

msgid ""

5449

5702

"While the container is shutting down, you can expect to see some (harmless) "

5450

5703

"error messages, as follows:"

5451

5704

msgstr ""

5452

5705

5453

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2356(screen)

5706

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2578(screen)

5454

5707

#, no-wrap

5455

5708

msgid ""

5456

5709

"\n"

5477

5730

" * Will now halt\n"

5478

5731

msgstr ""

5479

5732

5480

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2380(para)

5733

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2602(para)

5481

5734

msgid ""

5482

5735

"A container can be frozen with <command>sudo lxc-freeze -n CN</command>. "

5483

5736

"This will block all its processes until the container is later unfrozen "

5484

5737

"using <command>sudo lxc-unfreeze -n CN</command>."

5485

5738

msgstr ""

5486

5739

5487

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2389(title)

5740

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2609(title)

5488

5741

msgid "Lifecycle management hooks"

5489

5742

msgstr ""

5490

5743

5491

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2391(para)

5744

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2611(para)

5492

5745

msgid ""

5493

5746

"Beginning with Ubuntu 12.10, it is possible to define hooks to be executed "

5494

5747

"at specific points in a container's lifetime:"

5495

5748

msgstr ""

5496

5749

5497

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2397(para)

5750

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2616(para)

5498

5751

msgid ""

5499

5752

"Pre-start hooks are run in the host's namespace before the container ttys, "

5500

5753

"consoles, or mounts are up. If any mounts are done in this hook, they should "

5501

5754

"be cleaned up in the post-stop hook."

5502

5755

msgstr ""

5503

5756

5504

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2399(para)

5757

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2623(para)

5505

5758

msgid ""

5506

5759

"Pre-mount hooks are run in the container's namespaces, but before the root "

5507

5760

"filesystem has been mounted. Mounts done in this hook will be automatically "

5508

5761

"cleaned up when the container shuts down."

5509

5762

msgstr ""

5510

5763

5511

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2401(para)

5764

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2630(para)

5512

5765

msgid ""

5513

5766

"Mount hooks are run after the container filesystems have been mounted, but "

5514

5767

"before the container has called <command>pivot_root</command> to change its "

5515

5768

"root filesystem."

5516

5769

msgstr ""

5517

5770

5518

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2402(para)

5771

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2637(para)

5519

5772

msgid ""

5520

5773

"Start hooks are run immediately before executing the container's init. Since "

5521

5774

"these are executed after pivoting into the container's filesystem, the "

5522

5775

"command to be executed must be copied into the container's filesystem."

5523

5776

msgstr ""

5524

5777

5525

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2403(para)

5778

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2644(para)

5526

5779

msgid "Post-stop hooks are executed after the container has been shut down."

5527

5780

msgstr ""

5528

5781

5529

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2406(para)

5782

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2649(para)

5530

5783

msgid ""

5531

5784

"If any hook returns an error, the container's run will be aborted. Any "

5532

5785

"<emphasis>post-stop</emphasis> hook will still be executed. Any output "

5533

5786

"generated by the script will be logged at the debug priority."

5534

5787

msgstr ""

5535

5788

5536

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2412(para)

5789

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2654(para)

5537

5790

msgid ""

5538

5791

"See <xref linkend=\"lxc-conf-other\"/> for the configuration file format "

5539

5792

"with which to specify hooks. Some sample hooks are shipped with the lxc "

5540

5793

"package to serve as an example of how to write and use such hooks."

5541

5794

msgstr ""

5542

5795

5543

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2421(title)

5796

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2661(title)

5544

5797

msgid "Monitoring container status"

5545

5798

msgstr ""

5546

5799

5547

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2423(para)

5800

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2663(para)

5548

5801

msgid ""

5549

5802

"Two commands are available to monitor container state changes. <command>lxc-"

5550

5803

"monitor</command> monitors one or more containers for any state changes. It "

5556

5809

"instance,"

5557

5810

msgstr ""

5558

5811

5559

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2436(command)

5812

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2673(command)

5560

5813

msgid "sudo lxc-monitor -n cont[0-5]*"

5561

5814

msgstr ""

5562

5815

5563

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2441(para)

5816

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2678(para)

5564

5817

msgid ""

5565

5818

"would print all state changes to any containers matching the listed regular "

5566

5819

"expression, whereas"

5567

5820

msgstr ""

5568

5821

5569

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2447(command)

5822

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2682(command)

5570

5823

msgid "sudo lxc-wait -n cont1 -s 'STOPPED|FROZEN'"

5571

5824

msgstr ""

5572

5825

5573

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2452(para)

5826

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2687(para)

5574

5827

msgid ""

5575

5828

"will wait until container cont1 enters state STOPPED or state FROZEN and "

5576

5829

"then exit."

5577

5830

msgstr ""

5578

5831

5579

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2459(title)

5832

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2692(title)

5580

5833

msgid "Consoles"

5581

5834

msgstr ""

5582

5835

5583

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2461(para)

5836

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2694(para)

5584

5837

msgid ""

5585

5838

"Containers have a configurable number of consoles. One always exists on the "

5586

5839

"container's <filename>/dev/console.</filename> This is shown on the terminal "

5594

5847

"3 from the host, use"

5595

5848

msgstr ""

5596

5849

5597

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2474(command)

5850

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2707(command)

5598

5851

msgid "sudo lxc-console -n container -t 3"

5599

5852

msgstr ""

5600

5853

5601

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2479(para)

5854

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2712(para)

5602

5855

msgid ""

5603

5856

"or if the <emphasis>-t N</emphasis> option is not specified, an unused "

5604

5857

"console will be automatically chosen. To exit the console, use the escape "

5607

5860

"d</emphasis> option."

5608

5861

msgstr ""

5609

5862

5610

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2487(para)

5863

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2718(para)

5611

5864

msgid ""

5612

5865

"Each container console is actually a Unix98 pty in the host's (not the "

5613

5866

"guest's) pty mount, bind-mounted over the guest's "

5620

5873

"<filename>/dev</filename>."

5621

5874

msgstr ""

5622

5875

5623

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2501(title)

5876

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2730(title)

5624

5877

msgid "Container Inspection"

5625

5878

msgstr ""

5626

5879

5627

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2503(para)

5880

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2732(para)

5628

5881

msgid ""

5629

5882

"Several commands are available to gather information on existing containers. "

5630

5883

"<command>lxc-ls</command> will report all existing containers in its first "

5637

5890

"container plain,"

5638

5891

msgstr ""

5639

5892

5640

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2516(command)

5893

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2744(command)

5641

5894

msgid "sudo lxc-ps -n plain -- -ef"

5642

5895

msgstr ""

5643

5896

5644

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2521(para)

5897

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2749(para)

5645

5898

msgid ""

5646

5899

"<command>lxc-info</command> provides the state of a container and the pid of "

5647

5900

"its init process. <command>lxc-cgroup</command> can be used to query or set "

5651

5904

"container is allowed to access, you could use"

5652

5905

msgstr ""

5653

5906

5654

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2531(command)

5907

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2758(command)

5655

5908

msgid "sudo lxc-cgroup -n CN devices.list"

5656

5909

msgstr ""

5657

5910

5658

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2536(para)

5911

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2763(para)

5659

5912

msgid ""

5660

5913

"or to add mknod, read, and write access to <filename>/dev/sda</filename>,"

5661

5914

msgstr ""

5662

5915

5663

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2541(command)

5916

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2767(command)

5664

5917

msgid "sudo lxc-cgroup -n CN devices.allow \"b 8:* rwm\""

5665

5918

msgstr ""

5666

5919

5667

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2546(para)

5920

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2772(para)

5668

5921

msgid "and, to limit it to 300M of RAM,"

5669

5922

msgstr ""

5670

5923

5671

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2551(command)

5924

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2775(command)

5672

5925

msgid "lxc-cgroup -n CN memory.limit_in_bytes 300000000"

5673

5926

msgstr ""

5674

5927

5675

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2556(para)

5928

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2780(para)

5676

5929

msgid ""

5677

5930

"<command>lxc-netstat</command> executes <command>netstat</command> in the "

5678

5931

"running container, giving you a glimpse of its network state."

5679

5932

msgstr ""

5680

5933

5681

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2561(para)

5934

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2784(para)

5682

5935

msgid ""

5683

5936

"<command>lxc-backup</command> will create backups of the root filesystems of "

5684

5937

"all existing containers (except lvm-based ones), using "

5689

5942

"to customizations and therefore their use is not recommended."

5690

5943

msgstr ""

5691

5944

5692

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2575(title)

5945

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2795(title)

5693

5946

msgid "Destroying containers"

5694

5947

msgstr ""

5695

5948

5696

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2577(para)

5949

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2797(para)

5697

5950

msgid "Use <command>lxc-destroy</command> to destroy an existing container."

5698

5951

msgstr ""

5699

5952

5700

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2582(command)

5953

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2801(command)

5701

5954

msgid "sudo lxc-destroy -n CN"

5702

5955

msgstr ""

5703

5956

5704

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2587(para)

5957

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2806(para)

5705

5958

msgid ""

5706

5959

"If the container is running, <command>lxc-destroy</command> will exit with a "

5707

5960

"message informing you that you can force stopping and destroying the "

5708

5961

"container with"

5709

5962

msgstr ""

5710

5963

5711

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2594(command)

5964

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2811(command)

5712

5965

msgid "sudo lxc-destroy -n CN -f"

5713

5966

msgstr ""

5714

5967

5715

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2602(title)

5968

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2818(title)

5716

5969

msgid "Advanced namespace usage"

5717

5970

msgstr ""

5718

5971

5719

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2604(para)

5972

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2820(para)

5720

5973

msgid ""

5721

5974

"One of the Linux kernel features used by LXC to create containers is private "

5722

5975

"namespaces. Namespaces allow a set of tasks to have private mappings of "

5729

5982

"namespaces. For instance,"

5730

5983

msgstr ""

5731

5984

5732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2617(command)

5985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2832(command)

5733

5986

msgid "sudo lxc-unshare -s 'MOUNT|PID' /bin/bash"

5734

5987

msgstr ""

5735

5988

5736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2622(para)

5989

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2837(para)

5737

5990

msgid ""

5738

5991

"creates a bash shell with private pid and mount namespaces. In this shell, "

5739

5992

"you can do"

5740

5993

msgstr ""

5741

5994

5742

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2627(screen)

5995

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2840(screen)

5743

5996

#, no-wrap

5744

5997

msgid ""

5745

5998

"\n"

5750

6003

"root 110 1 0 10:20 pts/9 00:00:00 ps -ef\n"

5751

6004

msgstr ""

5752

6005

5753

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2635(para)

6006

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2848(para)

5754

6007

msgid ""

5755

6008

"so that <command>ps</command> shows only the tasks in your new namespace."

5756

6009

msgstr ""

5757

6010

5758

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2641(title)

6011

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2853(title)

5759

6012

msgid "Ephemeral containers"

5760

6013

msgstr ""

5761

6014

5762

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2643(para)

6015

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2855(para)

5763

6016

msgid ""

5764

6017

"Ephemeral containers are one-time containers. Given an existing container "

5765

6018

"CN, you can run a command in an ephemeral container created based on CN, "

5766

6019

"with the host's jdoe user bound into the container, using:"

5767

6020

msgstr ""

5768

6021

5769

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2651(command)

6022

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2861(command)

5770

6023

msgid "lxc-start-ephemeral -b jdoe -o CN -- /home/jdoe/run_my_job"

5771

6024

msgstr ""

5772

6025

5773

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2656(para)

6026

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2866(para)

5774

6027

msgid "When the job is finished, the container will be discarded."

5775

6028

msgstr ""

5776

6029

5777

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2662(title)

6030

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2871(title)

5778

6031

msgid "Container Commands"

5779

6032

msgstr ""

5780

6033

5781

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2663(para)

6034

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2873(para)

5782

6035

msgid "Following is a table of all container commands:"

5783

6036

msgstr ""

5784

6037

5785

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2667(title)

6038

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2876(title)

5786

6039

msgid "Container commands"

5787

6040

msgstr ""

5788

6041

5789

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2673(para)

6042

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2885(para)

5790

6043

msgid "Command"

5791

6044

msgstr ""

5792

6045

5793

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2674(para)

6046

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2887(para)

5794

6047

msgid "Synopsis"

5795

6048

msgstr ""

5796

6049

5797

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2679(para)

6050

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2893(para)

5798

6051

msgid "lxc-attach"

5799

6052

msgstr ""

5800

6053

5801

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2680(para)

6054

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2895(para)

5802

6055

msgid "(NOT SUPPORTED) Run a command in a running container"

5803

6056

msgstr ""

5804

6057

5805

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2683(para)

6058

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2900(para)

5806

6059

msgid "lxc-backup"

5807

6060

msgstr ""

5808

6061

5809

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2684(para)

6062

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2902(para)

5810

6063

msgid "Back up the root filesystems for all lvm-backed containers"

5811

6064

msgstr ""

5812

6065

5813

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2687(para)

6066

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2907(para)

5814

6067

msgid "lxc-cgroup"

5815

6068

msgstr ""

5816

6069

5817

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2688(para)

6070

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2909(para)

5818

6071

msgid "View and set container control group settings"

5819

6072

msgstr ""

5820

6073

5821

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2691(para)

6074

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2914(para)

5822

6075

msgid "lxc-checkconfig"

5823

6076

msgstr ""

5824

6077

5825

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2692(para)

6078

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2916(para)

5826

6079

msgid "Verify host support for containers"

5827

6080

msgstr ""

5828

6081

5829

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2695(para)

6082

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2920(para)

5830

6083

msgid "lxc-checkpoint"

5831

6084

msgstr ""

5832

6085

5833

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2696(para)

6086

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2922(para)

5834

6087

msgid "(NOT SUPPORTED) Checkpoint a running container"

5835

6088

msgstr ""

5836

6089

5837

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2699(para)

6090

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2927(para)

5838

6091

msgid "lxc-clone"

5839

6092

msgstr ""

5840

6093

5841

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2700(para)

6094

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2929(para)

5842

6095

msgid "Clone a new container from an existing one"

5843

6096

msgstr ""

5844

6097

5845

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2703(para)

6098

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2934(para)

5846

6099

msgid "lxc-console"

5847

6100

msgstr ""

5848

6101

5849

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2704(para)

6102

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2936(para)

5850

6103

msgid "Open a console in a running container"

5851

6104

msgstr ""

5852

6105

5853

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2707(para)

6106

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2941(para)

5854

6107

msgid "lxc-create"

5855

6108

msgstr ""

5856

6109

5857

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2708(para)

6110

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2943(para)

5858

6111

msgid "Create a new container"

5859

6112

msgstr ""

5860

6113

5861

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2711(para)

6114

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2947(para)

5862

6115

msgid "lxc-destroy"

5863

6116

msgstr ""

5864

6117

5865

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2712(para)

6118

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2949(para)

5866

6119

msgid "Destroy an existing container"

5867

6120

msgstr ""

5868

6121

5869

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2715(para)

6122

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2953(para)

5870

6123

msgid "lxc-execute"

5871

6124

msgstr ""

5872

6125

5873

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2716(para)

6126

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2955(para)

5874

6127

msgid "Run a command in a (not running) application container"

5875

6128

msgstr ""

5876

6129

5877

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2719(para)

6130

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2960(para)

5878

6131

msgid "lxc-freeze"

5879

6132

msgstr ""

5880

6133

5881

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2720(para)

6134

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2962(para)

5882

6135

msgid "Freeze a running container"

5883

6136

msgstr ""

5884

6137

5885

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2723(para)

6138

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2966(para)

5886

6139

msgid "lxc-info"

5887

6140

msgstr ""

5888

6141

5889

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2724(para)

6142

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2968(para)

5890

6143

msgid "Print information on the state of a container"

5891

6144

msgstr ""

5892

6145

5893

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2727(para)

6146

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2973(para)

5894

6147

msgid "lxc-kill"

5895

6148

msgstr ""

5896

6149

5897

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2728(para)

6150

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2975(para)

5898

6151

msgid "Send a signal to a container's init"

5899

6152

msgstr ""

5900

6153

5901

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2731(para)

6154

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2980(para)

5902

6155

msgid "lxc-list"

5903

6156

msgstr ""

5904

6157

5905

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2732(para)

6158

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2982(para)

5906

6159

msgid "List all containers"

5907

6160

msgstr ""

5908

6161

5909

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2735(para)

6162

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2986(para)

5910

6163

msgid "lxc-ls"

5911

6164

msgstr ""

5912

6165

5913

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2736(para)

6166

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2988(para)

5914

6167

msgid "List all containers with shorter output than lxc-list"

5915

6168

msgstr ""

5916

6169

5917

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2739(para)

6170

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2993(para)

5918

6171

msgid "lxc-monitor"

5919

6172

msgstr ""

5920

6173

5921

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2740(para)

6174

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2995(para)

5922

6175

msgid "Monitor state changes of one or more containers"

5923

6176

msgstr ""

5924

6177

5925

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2743(para)

6178

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3000(para)

5926

6179

msgid "lxc-netstat"

5927

6180

msgstr ""

5928

6181

5929

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2744(para)

6182

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3002(para)

5930

6183

msgid "Execute netstat in a running container"

5931

6184

msgstr ""

5932

6185

5933

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2747(para)

6186

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3007(para)

5934

6187

msgid "lxc-ps"

5935

6188

msgstr ""

5936

6189

5937

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2748(para)

6190

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3009(para)

5938

6191

msgid "View process info in a running container"

5939

6192

msgstr ""

5940

6193

5941

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2751(para)

6194

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3014(para)

5942

6195

msgid "lxc-restart"

5943

6196

msgstr ""

5944

6197

5945

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2752(para)

6198

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3016(para)

5946

6199

msgid "(NOT SUPPORTED) Restart a checkpointed container"

5947

6200

msgstr ""

5948

6201

5949

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2755(para)

6202

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3021(para)

5950

6203

msgid "lxc-restore"

5951

6204

msgstr ""

5952

6205

5953

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2756(para)

6206

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3023(para)

5954

6207

msgid "Restore containers from backups made by lxc-backup"

5955

6208

msgstr ""

5956

6209

5957

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2759(para)

6210

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3028(para)

5958

6211

msgid "lxc-setcap"

5959

6212

msgstr ""

5960

6213

5961

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2760(para)

6214

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3030(para)

5962

6215

msgid "(NOT RECOMMENDED) Set file capabilities on LXC tools"

5963

6216

msgstr ""

5964

6217

5965

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2763(para)

6218

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3035(para)

5966

6219

msgid "lxc-setuid"

5967

6220

msgstr ""

5968

6221

5969

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2764(para)

6222

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3037(para)

5970

6223

msgid "(NOT RECOMMENDED) Set or remove setuid bits on LXC tools"

5971

6224

msgstr ""

5972

6225

5973

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2767(para)

6226

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3042(para)

5974

6227

msgid "lxc-shutdown"

5975

6228

msgstr ""

5976

6229

5977

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2768(para)

6230

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3044(para)

5978

6231

msgid "Safely shut down a container"

5979

6232

msgstr ""

5980

6233

5981

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2771(para)

6234

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3048(para)

5982

6235

msgid "lxc-start"

5983

6236

msgstr ""

5984

6237

5985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2772(para)

6238

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3050(para)

5986

6239

msgid "Start a stopped container"

5987

6240

msgstr ""

5988

6241

5989

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2775(para)

6242

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3054(para)

5990

6243

msgid "lxc-start-ephemeral"

5991

6244

msgstr ""

5992

6245

5993

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2776(para)

6246

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3056(para)

5994

6247

msgid "Start an ephemeral (one-time) container"

5995

6248

msgstr ""

5996

6249

5997

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2779(para)

6250

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3061(para)

5998

6251

msgid "lxc-stop"

5999

6252

msgstr ""

6000

6253

6001

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2780(para)

6254

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3063(para)

6002

6255

msgid "Immediately stop a running container"

6003

6256

msgstr ""

6004

6257

6005

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2783(para)

6258

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3068(para)

6006

6259

msgid "lxc-unfreeze"

6007

6260

msgstr ""

6008

6261

6009

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2784(para)

6262

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3070(para)

6010

6263

msgid "Unfreeze a frozen container"

6011

6264

msgstr ""

6012

6265

6013

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2787(para)

6266

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3074(para)

6014

6267

msgid "lxc-unshare"

6015

6268

msgstr ""

6016

6269

6017

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2788(para)

6270

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3076(para)

6018

6271

msgid "Testing tool to manually unshare namespaces"

6019

6272

msgstr ""

6020

6273

6021

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2791(para)

6274

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3081(para)

6022

6275

msgid "lxc-version"

6023

6276

msgstr ""

6024

6277

6025

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2792(para)

6278

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3083(para)

6026

6279

msgid "Print the version of the LXC tools"

6027

6280

msgstr ""

6028

6281

6029

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2795(para)

6282

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3087(para)

6030

6283

msgid "lxc-wait"

6031

6284

msgstr ""

6032

6285

6033

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2796(para)

6286

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3089(para)

6034

6287

msgid "Wait for a container to reach a particular state"

6035

6288

msgstr ""

6036

6289

6037

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2806(title)

6290

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3099(title)

6038

6291

msgid "Configuration File"

6039

6292

msgstr ""

6040

6293

6041

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2808(para)

6294

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3101(para)

6042

6295

msgid ""

6043

6296

"LXC containers are very flexible. The Ubuntu <application>lxc</application> "

6044

6297

"package sets defaults to make creation of Ubuntu system containers as simple "

6046

6299

"fine-tune your containers as you need."

6047

6300

msgstr ""

6048

6301

6049

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2815(para)

6302

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3107(para)

6050

6303

msgid ""

6051

6304

"Detailed information is available in the <command>lxc.conf(5)</command> man "

6052

6305

"page. Note that the default configurations created by the ubuntu templates "

6053

6306

"are reasonable for a system container and usually do not need customization."

6054

6307

msgstr ""

6055

6308

6056

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2823(title)

6309

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3113(title)

6057

6310

msgid "Choosing configuration files and options"

6058

6311

msgstr ""

6059

6312

6060

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2825(para)

6313

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3115(para)

6061

6314

msgid ""

6062

6315

"The container setup is controlled by the LXC configuration options. Options "

6063

6316

"can be specified at several points:"

6064

6317

msgstr ""

6065

6318

6066

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2831(para)

6319

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3120(para)

6067

6320

msgid ""

6068

6321

"During container creation, a configuration file can be specified. However, "

6069

6322

"creation templates often insert their own configuration options, so we "

6072

6325

"container creation."

6073

6326

msgstr ""

6074

6327

6075

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2839(para)

6328

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3129(para)

6076

6329

msgid ""

6077

6330

"The file <filename>/var/lib/lxc/CN/config</filename> is used at container "

6078

6331

"startup by default."

6079

6332

msgstr ""

6080

6333

6081

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2844(para)

6334

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3134(para)

6082

6335

msgid ""

6083

6336

"<command>lxc-start</command> accepts an alternate configuration file with "

6084

6337

"the <emphasis>-f filename</emphasis> option."

6085

6338

msgstr ""

6086

6339

6087

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2849(para)

6340

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3140(para)

6088

6341

msgid ""

6089

6342

"Specific configuration variables can be overridden at <command>lxc-"

6090

6343

"start</command> using <emphasis>-s key=value</emphasis>. It is generally "

6091

6344

"better to edit the container configuration file."

6092

6345

msgstr ""

6093

6346

6094

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2860(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:25(title)

6347

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3149(title) serverguide/C/network-config.xml:25(title)

6095

6348

msgid "Network Configuration"

6096

6349

msgstr ""

6097

6350

6098

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2862(para)

6351

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3151(para)

6099

6352

msgid ""

6100

6353

"Container networking in LXC is very flexible. It is triggered by the "

6101

6354

"<command>lxc.network.type</command> configuration file entries. If no such "

6107

6360

"options for <command>lxc.network.type</command>:"

6108

6361

msgstr ""

6109

6362

6110

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2875(para)

6363

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3163(para)

6111

6364

msgid ""

6112

6365

"<command>lxc.network.type=empty</command>: The container will have no "

6113

6366

"network interfaces other than loopback."

6114

6367

msgstr ""

6115

6368

6116

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2880(para)

6369

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3168(para)

6117

6370

msgid ""

6118

6371

"<command>lxc.network.type=veth</command>: This is the default when using the "

6119

6372

"ubuntu or ubuntu-cloud templates, and creates a veth network tunnel. One end "

6125

6378

"lxcbr0</command>."

6126

6379

msgstr ""

6127

6380

6128

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2892(para)

6381

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3180(para)

6129

6382

msgid ""

6130

6383

"<command>lxc.network.type=phys</command> A physical network interface (i.e. "

6131

6384

"eth2) is passed into the container."

6132

6385

msgstr ""

6133

6386

6134

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2898(para)

6387

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3185(para)

6135

6388

msgid ""

6136

6389

"Two other options are to use vlan or macvlan, however their use is more "

6137

6390

"complicated and is not described here. A few other networking options exist:"

6138

6391

msgstr ""

6139

6392

6140

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2905(para)

6393

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3191(para)

6141

6394

msgid ""

6142

6395

"<command>lxc.network.flags</command> can only be set to "

6143

6396

"<emphasis>up</emphasis> and ensures that the network interface is up."

6144

6397

msgstr ""

6145

6398

6146

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2909(para)

6399

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3197(para)

6147

6400

msgid ""

6148

6401

"<command>lxc.network.hwaddr</command> specifies a mac address to assign to "

6149

6402

"the nic inside the container."

6150

6403

msgstr ""

6151

6404

6152

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2914(para)

6405

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3202(para)

6153

6406

msgid ""

6154

6407

"<command>lxc.network.ipv4</command> and <command>lxc.network.ipv6</command> "

6155

6408

"set the respective IP addresses, if those should be static."

6156

6409

msgstr ""

6157

6410

6158

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2919(para)

6411

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3208(para)

6159

6412

msgid ""

6160

6413

"<command>lxc.network.name</command> specifies a name to assign inside the "

6161

6414

"container. If this is not specified, a good default (i.e. eth0 for the first "

6162

6415

"nic) is chosen."

6163

6416

msgstr ""

6164

6417

6165

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2925(para)

6418

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3214(para)

6166

6419

msgid ""

6167

6420

"<command>lxc.network.lxcscript.up</command> specifies a script to be called "

6168

6421

"after the host side of the networking has been set up. See the "

6169

6422

"<command>lxc.conf(5)</command> manual page for details."

6170

6423

msgstr ""

6171

6424

6172

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2935(title)

6425

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3223(title)

6173

6426

msgid "Control group configuration"

6174

6427

msgstr ""

6175

6428

6176

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2937(para)

6429

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3225(para)

6177

6430

msgid ""

6178

6431

"Cgroup options can be specified using <command>lxc.cgroup</command> entries. "

6179

6432

"<command>lxc.cgroup.subsystem.item = value</command> instructs LXC to set "

6185

6438

"you could add"

6186

6439

msgstr ""

6187

6440

6188

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2949(command)

6441

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3236(command)

6189

6442

msgid "lxc.cgroup.memory.limit_in_bytes = 320000000"

6190

6443

msgstr ""

6191

6444

6192

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2954(para)

6445

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3241(para)

6193

6446

msgid ""

6194

6447

"which will cause 320000000 to be written to the file "

6195

6448

"<filename>/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/lxc/CN/limit_in_bytes</filename>."

6196

6449

msgstr ""

6197

6450

6198

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2961(title)

6451

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3246(title)

6199

6452

msgid "Rootfs, mounts and fstab"

6200

6453

msgstr ""

6201

6454

6202

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2963(para)

6455

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3248(para)

6203

6456

msgid ""

6204

6457

"An important part of container setup is the mounting of various filesystems "

6205

6458

"into place. The following is an example configuration file excerpt "

6206

6459

"demonstrating the commonly used configuration options:"

6207

6460

msgstr ""

6208

6461

6209

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2970(command)

6462

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3253(command)

6210

6463

msgid ""

6211

6464

"lxc.rootfs = /var/lib/lxc/CN/rootfs lxc.mount.entry=proc "

6212

6465

"/var/lib/lxc/CN/rootfs/proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 lxc.mount = "

6213

6466

"/var/lib/lxc/CN/fstab"

6214

6467

msgstr ""

6215

6468

6216

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2977(para)

6469

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3260(para)

6217

6470

msgid ""

6218

6471

"The first line says that the container's root filesystem is already mounted "

6219

6472

"at <filename>/var/lib/lxc/CN/rootfs</filename>. If the filesystem is a block "

6221

6474

"must be given instead."

6222

6475

msgstr ""

6223

6476

6224

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2984(para)

6477

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3265(para)

6225

6478

msgid ""

6226

6479

"Each <command>lxc.mount.entry</command> line should contain an item to mount "

6227

6480

"in valid fstab format. The target directory should be prefixed by "

6229

6482

"<command>lxc.rootfs</command> points to a block device."

6230

6483

msgstr ""

6231

6484

6232

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:2991(para)

6485

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3270(para)

6233

6486

msgid ""

6234

6487

"Finally, <command>lxc.mount</command> points to a file, in fstab format, "

6235

6488

"containing further items to mount. Note that all of these entries will be "

6237

6490

"possible to bind mount various directories from the host into the container."

6238

6491

msgstr ""

6239

6492

6240

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3001(title)

6493

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3278(title)

6241

6494

msgid "Other configuration options"

6242

6495

msgstr ""

6243

6496

6244

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3006(para)

6497

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3282(para)

6245

6498

msgid ""

6246

6499

"<command>lxc.cap.drop</command> can be used to prevent the container from "

6247

6500

"having or ever obtaining the listed capabilities. For instance, including"

6248

6501

msgstr ""

6249

6502

6250

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3012(command)

6503

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3287(command)

6251

6504

msgid "lxc.cap.drop = sys_admin"

6252

6505

msgstr ""

6253

6506

6254

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3017(para)

6507

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3292(para)

6255

6508

msgid ""

6256

6509

"will prevent the container from mounting filesystems, as well as all other "

6257

6510

"actions which require cap_sys_admin. See the "

6259

6512

"and their meanings."

6260

6513

msgstr ""

6261

6514

6262

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3024(para)

6515

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3299(para)

6263

6516

msgid ""

6264

6517

"<command>lxc.aa_profile = lxc-CN-profile</command> specifies a custom "

6265

6518

"Apparmor profile in which to start the container. See <xref linkend=\"lxc-"

6266

6519

"apparmor\"/> for more information."

6267

6520

msgstr ""

6268

6521

6269

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3030(para)

6522

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3305(para)

6270

6523

msgid ""

6271

6524

"<command>lxc.console=/path/to/consolefile</command> will cause console "

6272

6525

"messages to be written to the specified file."

6273

6526

msgstr ""

6274

6527

6275

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3035(para)

6528

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3310(para)

6276

6529

msgid ""

6277

6530

"<command>lxc.arch</command> specifies the architecture for the container, "

6278

6531

"for instance x86, or x86_64."

6279

6532

msgstr ""

6280

6533

6281

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3040(para)

6534

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3315(para)

6282

6535

msgid ""

6283

6536

"<command>lxc.tty=5</command> specifies that 5 consoles (in addition to "

6284

6537

"<filename>/dev/console</filename>) should be created. That is, consoles will "

6286

6539

"<filename>/dev/tty5</filename>. The ubuntu templates set this value to 4."

6287

6540

msgstr ""

6288

6541

6289

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3048(para)

6542

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3324(para)

6290

6543

msgid ""

6291

6544

"<command>lxc.pts=1024</command> specifies that the container should have a "

6292

6545

"private (Unix98) devpts filesystem mount. If this is not specified, then the "

6296

6549

"container init, LXC will do (essentially) a"

6297

6550

msgstr ""

6298

6551

6299

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3058(command)

6552

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3333(command)

6300

6553

msgid "sudo mount -t devpts -o newinstance devpts /dev/pts"

6301

6554

msgstr ""

6302

6555

6303

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3063(para)

6556

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3338(para)

6304

6557

msgid ""

6305

6558

"inside the container. It is important to realize that the container should "

6306

6559

"not mount devpts filesystems of its own. It may safely do bind or move "

6307

6560

"mounts of its mounted <filename>/dev/pts</filename>. But if it does"

6308

6561

msgstr ""

6309

6562

6310

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3070(command)

6563

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3344(command)

6311

6564

msgid "sudo mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts"

6312

6565

msgstr ""

6313

6566

6314

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3075(para)

6567

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3349(para)

6315

6568

msgid ""

6316

6569

"it will remount the host's devpts instance. If it adds the newinstance mount "

6317

6570

"option, then it will mount a new private (empty) instance. In neither case "

6321

6574

"container's init has been started."

6322

6575

msgstr ""

6323

6576

6324

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3086(para)

6577

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3359(para)

6325

6578

msgid ""

6326

6579

"<command>lxc.devttydir</command> specifies a directory under "

6327

6580

"<filename>/dev</filename> in which LXC will create its console devices. If "

6339

6592

"ideally solved with device namespaces."

6340

6593

msgstr ""

6341

6594

6342

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3103(para)

6595

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3379(para)

6343

6596

msgid ""

6344

6597

"The <command>lxc.hook.</command> options specify programs to run at various "

6345

6598

"points in a container's life cycle. See <xref linkend=\"lxc-hooks\"/> for "

6348

6601

"are described in <xref linkend=\"lxc-hooks\"/>, are"

6349

6602

msgstr ""

6350

6603

6351

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3112(command)

6604

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3388(command)

6352

6605

msgid "lxc.hook.pre-start"

6353

6606

msgstr ""

6354

6607

6355

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3113(command)

6608

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3392(command)

6356

6609

msgid "lxc.hook.pre-mount"

6357

6610

msgstr ""

6358

6611

6359

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3114(command)

6612

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3396(command)

6360

6613

msgid "lxc.hook.mount"

6361

6614

msgstr ""

6362

6615

6363

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3115(command)

6616

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3400(command)

6364

6617

msgid "lxc.hook.start"

6365

6618

msgstr ""

6366

6619

6367

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3116(command)

6620

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3404(command)

6368

6621

msgid "lxc.hook.post-stop"

6369

6622

msgstr ""

6370

6623

6371

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3121(para)

6624

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3410(para)

6372

6625

msgid ""

6373

6626

"The <command>lxc.include</command> option specifies another configuration "

6374

6627

"file to be loaded. This allows common configuration sections to be defined "

6376

6629

"section."

6377

6630

msgstr ""

6378

6631

6379

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3127(para)

6632

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3417(para)

6380

6633

msgid ""

6381

6634

"The <command>lxc.seccomp</command> option (introduced with Ubuntu 12.10) "

6382

6635

"specifies a file containing a <emphasis>seccomp</emphasis> policy to load. "

6383

6636

"See <xref linkend=\"lxc-security\"/> for more information on seccomp in lxc."

6384

6637

msgstr ""

6385

6638

6386

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3138(title)

6639

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3428(title)

6387

6640

msgid "Updates in Ubuntu containers"

6388

6641

msgstr ""

6389

6642

6390

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3140(para)

6643

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3430(para)

6391

6644

msgid ""

6392

6645

"Because of some limitations which are placed on containers, package upgrades "

6393

6646

"at times can fail. For instance, a package install or upgrade might fail if "

6397

6650

"restrictions, and completing the upgrade in the chroot."

6398

6651

msgstr ""

6399

6652

6400

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3149(para)

6653

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3438(para)

6401

6654

msgid ""

6402

6655

"Some of the specific things known to occasionally impede package upgrades "

6403

6656

"include:"

6404

6657

msgstr ""

6405

6658

6406

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3155(para)

6659

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3443(para)

6407

6660

msgid ""

6408

6661

"The container modifications performed when creating containers with the --"

6409

6662

"trim option."

6410

6663

msgstr ""

6411

6664

6412

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3159(para)

6665

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3448(para)

6413

6666

msgid ""

6414

6667

"Actions performed by lxcguest. For instance, because "

6415

6668

"<filename>/lib/init/fstab</filename> is bind-mounted from another file, "

6416

6669

"mountall upgrades which insist on replacing that file can fail."

6417

6670

msgstr ""

6418

6671

6419

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3164(para)

6672

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3455(para)

6420

6673

msgid ""

6421

6674

"The over-mounting of console devices with ptys from the host can cause "

6422

6675

"trouble with udev upgrades."

6423

6676

msgstr ""

6424

6677

6425

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3168(para)

6678

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3460(para)

6426

6679

msgid ""

6427

6680

"Apparmor policy and devices cgroup restrictions can prevent package upgrades "

6428

6681

"from performing certain actions."

6429

6682

msgstr ""

6430

6683

6431

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3172(para)

6684

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3465(para)

6432

6685

msgid ""

6433

6686

"Capabilities dropped by use of <command>lxc.cap.drop</command> can likewise "

6434

6687

"stop package upgrades from performing certain actions."

6435

6688

msgstr ""

6436

6689

6437

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3180(title)

6690

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3473(title)

6438

6691

msgid "Libvirt LXC"

6439

6692

msgstr ""

6440

6693

6441

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3182(para)

6694

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3475(para)

6442

6695

msgid ""

6443

6696

"Libvirt is a powerful hypervisor management solution with which you can "

6444

6697

"administer Qemu, Xen and LXC virtual machines, both locally and remote. The "

6446

6699

"<emphasis>LXC</emphasis>. A few differences include:"

6447

6700

msgstr ""

6448

6701

6449

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3190(para)

6702

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3483(para)

6450

6703

msgid "Configuration is stored in xml format"

6451

6704

msgstr ""

6452

6705

6453

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3193(para)

6706

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3487(para)

6454

6707

msgid "There no tools to facilitate container creation"

6455

6708

msgstr ""

6456

6709

6457

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3196(para)

6710

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3491(para)

6458

6711

msgid "By default there is no console on <filename>/dev/console</filename>"

6459

6712

msgstr ""

6460

6713

6461

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3199(para)

6714

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3496(para)

6462

6715

msgid "There is no support (yet) for container reboot or full shutdown"

6463

6716

msgstr ""

6464

6717

6465

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3217(title)

6718

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3514(title)

6466

6719

msgid "Converting a LXC container to libvirt-lxc"

6467

6720

msgstr ""

6468

6721

6469

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3219(para)

6722

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3516(para)

6470

6723

msgid ""

6471

6724

"<xref linkend=\"lxc-creation\"/> showed how to create LXC containers. If "

6472

6725

"you've created a valid LXC container in this way, you can manage it with "

6473

6726

"libvirt. Fetch a sample xml file from"

6474

6727

msgstr ""

6475

6728

6476

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3227(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3280(command)

6729

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3521(command) serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3566(command)

6477

6730

msgid "wget http://people.canonical.com/~serge/o1.xml"

6478

6731

msgstr ""

6479

6732

6480

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3232(para)

6733

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3526(para)

6481

6734

msgid ""

6482

6735

"Edit this file to replace the container name and root filesystem locations. "

6483

6736

"Then you can define the container with:"

6484

6737

msgstr ""

6485

6738

6486

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3238(command)

6739

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3530(command)

6487

6740

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// define o1.xml"

6488

6741

msgstr ""

6489

6742

6490

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3245(title)

6743

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3537(title)

6491

6744

msgid "Creating a container from cloud image"

6492

6745

msgstr ""

6493

6746

6494

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3247(para)

6747

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3539(para)

6495

6748

msgid ""

6496

6749

"If you prefer to create a pristine new container just for LXC, you can "

6497

6750

"download an ubuntu cloud image, extract it, and point a libvirt LXC xml file "

6499

6752

"Ubuntu 12.04 LTS cloud image using"

6500

6753

msgstr ""

6501

6754

6502

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3255(command)

6755

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3545(command)

6503

6756

msgid ""

6504

6757

"url1=`ubuntu-cloudimg-query precise daily $arch --format \"%{url}\\n\"` "

6505

6758

"url=`echo $url1 | sed -e 's/.tar.gz/-root\\0/'` wget $url filename=`basename "

6506

6759

"$url`"

6507

6760

msgstr ""

6508

6761

6509

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3263(para)

6762

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3553(para)

6510

6763

msgid "Extract the downloaded tarball, for instance"

6511

6764

msgstr ""

6512

6765

6513

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3268(command)

6766

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3556(command)

6514

6767

msgid "mkdir $HOME/c1 cd $HOME/c1 sudo tar zxf $filename"

6515

6768

msgstr ""

6516

6769

6517

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3275(para)

6770

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3563(para)

6518

6771

msgid "Download the xml template"

6519

6772

msgstr ""

6520

6773

6521

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3285(para)

6774

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3571(para)

6522

6775

msgid ""

6523

6776

"In the xml template, replace the name o1 with c1 and the source directory "

6524

6777

"<filename>/var/lib/lxc/o1/rootfs</filename> with "

6525

6778

"<filename>$HOME/c1</filename>. Then define the container using"

6526

6779

msgstr ""

6527

6780

6528

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3292(command)

6781

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3576(command)

6529

6782

msgid "virsh define o1.xml"

6530

6783

msgstr ""

6531

6784

6532

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3300(title)

6785

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3583(title)

6533

6786

msgid "Interacting with libvirt containers"

6534

6787

msgstr ""

6535

6788

6536

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3302(para)

6789

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3585(para)

6537

6790

msgid "As we've seen, you can create a libvirt-lxc container using"

6538

6791

msgstr ""

6539

6792

6540

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3307(command)

6793

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3589(command)

6541

6794

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// define container.xml"

6542

6795

msgstr ""

6543

6796

6544

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3312(para)

6797

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3594(para)

6545

6798

msgid "To start a container called <emphasis>container</emphasis>, use"

6546

6799

msgstr ""

6547

6800

6548

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3317(command)

6801

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3598(command)

6549

6802

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// start container"

6550

6803

msgstr ""

6551

6804

6552

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3322(para)

6805

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3603(para)

6553

6806

msgid "To stop a running container, use"

6554

6807

msgstr ""

6555

6808

6556

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3327(command)

6809

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3606(command)

6557

6810

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// destroy container"

6558

6811

msgstr ""

6559

6812

6560

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3332(para)

6813

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3611(para)

6561

6814

msgid ""

6562

6815

"Note that whereas the <command>lxc-destroy</command> command deletes the "

6563

6816

"container, the <command>virsh destroy</command> command stops a running "

6564

6817

"container. To delete the container definition, use"

6565

6818

msgstr ""

6566

6819

6567

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3339(command)

6820

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3617(command)

6568

6821

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// undefine container"

6569

6822

msgstr ""

6570

6823

6571

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3344(para)

6824

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3622(para)

6572

6825

msgid "To get a console to a running container, use"

6573

6826

msgstr ""

6574

6827

6575

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3349(command)

6828

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3625(command)

6576

6829

msgid "virsh -c lxc:/// console container"

6577

6830

msgstr ""

6578

6831

6579

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3354(para)

6832

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3630(para)

6580

6833

msgid "Exit the console by simultaneously pressing control and ]."

6581

6834

msgstr ""

6582

6835

6583

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3363(title)

6836

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3636(title)

6584

6837

msgid "The lxcguest package"

6585

6838

msgstr ""

6586

6839

6587

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3365(para)

6840

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3638(para)

6588

6841

msgid ""

6589

6842

"In the 11.04 (Natty) and 11.10 (Oneiric) releases of Ubuntu, a package was "

6590

6843

"introduced called <emphasis role=\"italic\">lxcguest</emphasis>. An "

6593

6846

"bare hardware, or in a Xen, kvm, or VMware virtual machine."

6594

6847

msgstr ""

6595

6848

6596

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3373(para)

6849

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3645(para)

6597

6850

msgid ""

6598

6851

"As of the 12.04 LTS release, the work previously done by the lxcguest "

6599

6852

"package was pushed into the core packages, and the lxcguest package was "

6602

6855

"use an older release, the lxcguest package should still be used."

6603

6856

msgstr ""

6604

6857

6605

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3384(title)

6858

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3654(title)

6606

6859

msgid "Python api"

6607

6860

msgstr ""

6608

6861

6609

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3386(para)

6862

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3656(para)

6610

6863

msgid ""

6611

6864

"As of 12.10 (Quantal) a <application>python3-lxc</application> package is "

6612

6865

"available which provides a python module, called <command>lxc</command>, for "

6616

6869

"like:"

6617

6870

msgstr ""

6618

6871

6619

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3396(programlisting)

6872

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3663(programlisting)

6620

6873

#, no-wrap

6621

6874

msgid ""

6622

6875

"\n"

6639

6892

"\n"

6640

6893

msgstr ""

6641

6894

6642

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3415(para)

6895

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3681(para)

6643

6896

msgid ""

6644

6897

"Debug information for containers started with the python API will be placed "

6645

6898

"in <filename>/var/log/lxccontainer.log</filename>."

6646

6899

msgstr ""

6647

6900

6648

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3422(title) serverguide/C/security.xml:11(title)

6901

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3686(title) serverguide/C/security.xml:11(title)

6649

6902

msgid "Security"

6650

6903

msgstr ""

6651

6904

6652

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3424(para)

6905

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3688(para)

6653

6906

msgid ""

6654

6907

"A namespace maps ids to resources. By not providing a container any id with "

6655

6908

"which to reference a resource, the resource can be protected. This is the "

6660

6913

"host."

6661

6914

msgstr ""

6662

6915

6663

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3434(para)

6916

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3697(para)

6664

6917

msgid ""

6665

6918

"By default, LXC containers are started under a Apparmor policy to restrict "

6666

6919

"some actions. However, while stronger security is a goal for future "

6670

6923

"linkend=\"lxc-apparmor\"/>"

6671

6924

msgstr ""

6672

6925

6673

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3444(title)

6926

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3705(title)

6674

6927

msgid "Exploitable system calls"

6675

6928

msgstr ""

6676

6929

6677

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3446(para)

6930

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3707(para)

6678

6931

msgid ""

6679

6932

"It is a core container feature that containers share a kernel with the host. "

6680

6933

"Therefore if the kernel contains any exploitable system calls the container "

6682

6935

"fully control any resource known to the host."

6683

6936

msgstr ""

6684

6937

6685

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3453(para)

6938

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3713(para)

6686

6939

msgid ""

6687

6940

"Since Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal) a container can also be constrained by a "

6688

6941

"seccomp filter. Seccomp is a new kernel feature which filters the system "

6694

6947

"by a list of numbers, one per line."

6695

6948

msgstr ""

6696

6949

6697

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3464(para)

6950

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3723(para)

6698

6951

msgid ""

6699

6952

"In general to run a full distribution container a large number of system "

6700

6953

"calls will be needed. However for application containers it may be possible "

6706

6959

"loaded."

6707

6960

msgstr ""

6708

6961

6709

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3485(para)

6962

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3739(para)

6710

6963

msgid ""

6711

6964

"The DeveloperWorks article <ulink "

6712

6965

"url=\"https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-lxc-"

6714

6967

"to the use of containers."

6715

6968

msgstr ""

6716

6969

6717

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3491(para)

6970

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3746(para)

6718

6971

msgid ""

6719

6972

"The <ulink url=\"http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-lxc-"

6720

6973

"security/index.html\"> Secure Containers Cookbook</ulink> demonstrated the "

6721

6974

"use of security modules to make containers more secure."

6722

6975

msgstr ""

6723

6976

6724

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3500(ulink)

6977

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3755(ulink)

6725

6978

msgid "capabilities"

6726

6979

msgstr ""

6727

6980

6728

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3501(ulink)

6981

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3756(ulink)

6729

6982

msgid "lxc.conf"

6730

6983

msgstr ""

6731

6984

6732

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3497(para)

6985

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3753(para)

6733

6986

msgid "Manual pages referenced above can be found at: <placeholder-1/>"

6734

6987

msgstr ""

6735

6988

6736

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3507(para)

6989

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3761(para)

6737

6990

msgid ""

6738

6991

"The upstream LXC project is hosted at <ulink "

6739

6992

"url=\"http://lxc.sf.net\">Sourceforge</ulink>."

6740

6993

msgstr ""

6741

6994

6742

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3513(para)

6995

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3766(para)

6743

6996

msgid ""

6744

6997

"LXC security issues are listed and discussed at <ulink "

6745

6998

"url=\"http://wiki.ubuntu.com/LxcSecurity\">the LXC Security wiki page</ulink>"

6746

6999

msgstr ""

6747

7000

6748

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3519(para)

7001

#: serverguide/C/virtualization.xml:3772(para)

6749

7002

msgid ""

6750

7003

"For more on namespaces in Linux, see: S. Bhattiprolu, E. W. Biederman, S. E. "

6751

7004

"Hallyn, and D. Lezcano. Virtual Servers and Check- point/Restart in "

17594

17847

#: serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2197(para)

17595

17848

msgid ""

17596

17849

"Strictly speaking, the <application>smbldap-tools</application> package "

17597

"isn't needed, but unless you have some other way to manage the various "

17598

"Samaba entities (users, groups, computers) in an LDAP context then you "

17599

"should install it."

17850

"isn't needed, but unless you have some other way to manage the various Samba "

17851

"entities (users, groups, computers) in an LDAP context then you should "

17852

"install it."

17600

17853

msgstr ""

17601

17854

17602

17855

#: serverguide/C/network-auth.xml:2202(para)