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dh_python - calculates python dependencies and adds postinst and prerm python scripts
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use Debian::Debhelper::Dh_Lib;
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B<dh_python> [S<I<debhelper options>>] [B<-n>] [B<-V> I<version>] [S<I<module dirs ...>>]
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dh_python is a debhelper program that is responsible for generating the
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${python:Depends} substitutions and adding them to substvars files. It
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will also add a postinst and a prerm script if required.
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The program will look at python scripts and modules in your package, and
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will use this information to generate a dependency on python, with the
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current major version, or on pythonX.Y if your scripts or modules need a
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specific python version. The dependency will be substituted into your
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package's control file wherever you place the token "${python:Depends}".
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If some modules need to be byte-compiled at install time, appropriate
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postinst and prerm scripts will be generated. If already byte-compiled
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modules are found, they are removed.
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If you use this program, your package should build-depend on python.
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If your package installs python modules in non-standard directories, you
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can make dh_python check those directories by passing their names on the
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command line. By default, it will check /usr/lib/site-python,
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/usr/lib/$PACKAGE, /usr/share/$PACKAGE, /usr/lib/games/$PACKAGE,
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/usr/share/games/$PACKAGE and /usr/lib/python?.?/site-packages.
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Note: only /usr/lib/site-python, /usr/lib/python?.?/site-packages and the
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extra names on the command line are searched for binary (.so) modules.
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=item B<-V> I<version>
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If the .py files your package ships are meant to be used by a specific
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pythonX.Y version, you can use this option to specify the desired version,
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such as 2.3. Do not use if you ship modules in /usr/lib/site-python.
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=item B<-n>, B<--noscripts>
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Do not modify postinst/postrm scripts.
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Debian policy, version 3.5.7
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Python policy, version 0.3.7
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my $python = 'python';
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# The current python major version
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my $python_version = `$python -V 2>&1`;
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if (! defined $python_version || $python_version eq "") {
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error("Python is not installed, aborting. (Probably forgot to Build-Depend on python.)");
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elsif ($python_version =~ m/^Python\s+(\d+)\.(\d+)(\.\d+)*/) {
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$python_version = "$1.$2" ;
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error("Unable to parse python version out of \"$python_version\".");
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# The next python version
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my $python_nextversion = $python_version + 0.1;
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my $python_nextmajor = $python_major + 1;
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my @python_allversions = ('1.5','2.1','2.2','2.3','2.4');
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foreach (@python_allversions) {
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my $usepython = "python$python_version";
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$usepython = $dh{V_FLAG};
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$usepython =~ s/^/python/;
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if (! grep { $_ eq $usepython } @python_allversions) {
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error("Unknown python version $dh{V_FLAG}");
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# Cleaning the paths given on the command line
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use constant PROGRAM => 1;
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use constant PY_MODULE => 2;
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use constant PY_MODULE_NONSTANDARD => 4;
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use constant SO_MODULE => 8;
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use constant SO_MODULE_NONSTANDARD => 16;
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foreach my $package (@{$dh{DOPACKAGES}}) {
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my $tmp = tmpdir($package);
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delsubstvar($package, "python:Depends");
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my @dirs = ("usr/lib/site-python", "usr/lib/$package", "usr/share/$package", "usr/lib/games/$package", "usr/share/games/$package", @ARGV );
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my @dirs_so = ("usr/lib/site-python", @ARGV );
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my $dep_on_python = 0;
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my $look_for_pythonXY = 1;
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# First, the case of python-foo and pythonX.Y-foo
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if ($package =~ /^python-/) {
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$pack =~ s/^python/python$python_version/;
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if (grep { "$_" eq "$pack" } getpackages()) {
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addsubstvar($package, "python:Depends", $pack);
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if ($package !~ /^python[0-9].[0-9]-/) {
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push @dirs, "usr/lib/$usepython/site-packages";
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push @dirs_so, "usr/lib/$usepython/site-packages";
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$look_for_pythonXY = 0;
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@dirs = grep -d, map "$tmp/$_", @dirs;
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@dirs_so = grep -d, map "$tmp/$_", @dirs_so;
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foreach (@python_allversions) {
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return unless -f and (-x or /\.py$/);
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return unless open F, $_;
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if (read F, local $_, 32 and m%^#!\s*/usr/bin/(env\s+)?(python(\d+\.\d+)?)\s%) {
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if ( "python" eq $2 ) {
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} elsif(defined $verdeps{$2}) {
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$verdeps{$2} |= PROGRAM;
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# Look for python modules
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foreach my $curdir (@dirs) {
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$curdir =~ s%^$tmp/%%;
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doit(("rm","-f",$_."c",$_."o"));
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if ($dh{V_FLAG_SET}) {
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$verdeps{$usepython} |= PY_MODULE_NONSTANDARD;
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$dirlist="$dirlist /$curdir";
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foreach my $curdir (@dirs_so) {
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$curdir =~ s%^$tmp/%%;
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$has_module = 1 if /\.so$/;
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if ($dh{V_FLAG_SET}) {
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$verdeps{$usepython} |= SO_MODULE_NONSTANDARD;
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# Dependencies on current python
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$dep_on_python = 1 if $deps;
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$strong_dep = 1 if($deps & (PY_MODULE|SO_MODULE));
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if ($dep_on_python) {
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addsubstvar($package, "python:Depends", $python, ">= $python_version");
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addsubstvar($package, "python:Depends", $python, "<< $python_nextversion");
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addsubstvar($package, "python:Depends", $python, "<< $python_nextmajor");
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# Look for specific pythonX.Y modules
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foreach my $pyver (@python_allversions) {
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my $pydir="/usr/lib/$pyver/site-packages";
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if ($look_for_pythonXY) {
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if (grep -d,"$tmp$pydir") {
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$verdeps{$pyver} |= PY_MODULE;
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doit(("rm","-f",$_."c",$_."o"));
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$verdeps{$pyver} |= SO_MODULE if /\.so$/;
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# Go for the dependencies
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addsubstvar($package, "python:Depends", $pyver) if $verdeps{$pyver};
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# And now, the postinst and prerm stuff
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if ($pyver eq "$usepython") {
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if ($verdeps{$pyver} & PY_MODULE) {
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$pydir = $pydir.$dirlist;
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$verdeps{$pyver} |= PY_MODULE if($deps & PY_MODULE);
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if ($verdeps{$pyver} & (PY_MODULE|PY_MODULE_NONSTANDARD) && ! $dh{NOSCRIPTS}) {
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autoscript($package,"postinst","postinst-python","s%#PYVER#%$pyver%;s%#DIRLIST#%$pydir%");
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if ($need_prerm && ! $dh{NOSCRIPTS}) {
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autoscript($package,"prerm","prerm-python","s%#PACKAGE#%$package%");
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This program is a part of debhelper.
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Josselin Mouette <joss@debian.org>
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most ideas stolen from Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
added
removed
debian/dh_python
