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<div class="section" id="module-types">
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<span id="types-names-for-built-in-types"></span><h1>8.15. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-types" title="types: Names for built-in types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">types</span></code></a> — Names for built-in types<a class="headerlink" href="#module-types" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/types.py">Lib/types.py</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<p>This module defines names for some object types that are used by the standard
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Python interpreter, but not for the types defined by various extension modules.
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Also, it does not include some of the types that arise during processing such as
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the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listiterator</span></code> type. It is safe to use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">from</span> <span class="pre">types</span> <span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">*</span></code> — the
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module does not export any names besides the ones listed here. New names
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exported by future versions of this module will all end in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Type</span></code>.</p>
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<p>Typical use is for functions that do different things depending on their
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argument types, like the following:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">types</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
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<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mylist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">IntType</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="k">del</span> <span class="n">mylist</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="n">mylist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<p>Starting in Python 2.2, built-in factory functions such as <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">int()</span></code></a> and
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#str" title="str"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">str()</span></code></a> are also names for the corresponding types. This is now the
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preferred way to access the type instead of using the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-types" title="types: Names for built-in types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">types</span></code></a> module.
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Accordingly, the example above should be written as follows:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mylist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">item</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<span class="k">del</span> <span class="n">mylist</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<span class="n">mylist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<p>The module defines the following names:</p>
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<dt id="types.NoneType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">NoneType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.NoneType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.TypeType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">TypeType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.TypeType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p id="index-0">The type of type objects (such as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#type" title="type"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">type()</span></code></a>); alias of the
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built-in <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#type" title="type"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.BooleanType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">BooleanType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.BooleanType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bool" title="bool"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bool</span></code></a> values <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></code>; alias of the
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built-in <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bool" title="bool"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bool</span></code></a>.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.3.</span></p>
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<dt id="types.IntType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">IntType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.IntType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of integers (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></code>); alias of the built-in <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.LongType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">LongType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.LongType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of long integers (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1L</span></code>); alias of the built-in <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#long" title="long"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">long</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.FloatType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">FloatType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.FloatType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of floating point numbers (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1.0</span></code>); alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#float" title="float"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">float</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.ComplexType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">ComplexType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.ComplexType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of complex numbers (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1.0j</span></code>). This is not defined if Python was
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built without complex number support.</p>
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<dt id="types.StringType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">StringType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.StringType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of character strings (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Spam'</span></code>); alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#str" title="str"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">str</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.UnicodeType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">UnicodeType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.UnicodeType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of Unicode character strings (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">u'Spam'</span></code>). This is not defined
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if Python was built without Unicode support. It’s an alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#unicode" title="unicode"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">unicode</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.TupleType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">TupleType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.TupleType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of tuples (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(1,</span> <span class="pre">2,</span> <span class="pre">3,</span> <span class="pre">'Spam')</span></code>); alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#tuple" title="tuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuple</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.ListType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">ListType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.ListType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of lists (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[0,</span> <span class="pre">1,</span> <span class="pre">2,</span> <span class="pre">3]</span></code>); alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#list" title="list"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">list</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.DictType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">DictType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.DictType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of dictionaries (e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">{'Bacon':</span> <span class="pre">1,</span> <span class="pre">'Ham':</span> <span class="pre">0}</span></code>); alias of the
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built-in <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.DictionaryType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">DictionaryType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.DictionaryType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>An alternate name for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DictType</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.FunctionType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">FunctionType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.FunctionType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dt id="types.LambdaType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">LambdaType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.LambdaType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of user-defined functions and functions created by <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#lambda"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal"><span class="pre">lambda</span></code></a>
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<dt id="types.GeneratorType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">GeneratorType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.GeneratorType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-generator"><span class="xref std std-term">generator</span></a>-iterator objects, produced by calling a
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generator function.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p>
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<dt id="types.CodeType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">CodeType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.CodeType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p id="index-1">The type for code objects such as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#compile" title="compile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">compile()</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.ClassType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">ClassType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.ClassType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of user-defined old-style classes.</p>
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<dt id="types.InstanceType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">InstanceType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.InstanceType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of instances of user-defined classes.</p>
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<dt id="types.MethodType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">MethodType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.MethodType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of methods of user-defined class instances.</p>
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<dt id="types.UnboundMethodType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">UnboundMethodType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.UnboundMethodType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>An alternate name for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MethodType</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.BuiltinFunctionType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">BuiltinFunctionType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.BuiltinFunctionType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dt id="types.BuiltinMethodType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">BuiltinMethodType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.BuiltinMethodType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of built-in functions like <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#len" title="len"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">len()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.exit" title="sys.exit"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.exit()</span></code></a>, and
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methods of built-in classes. (Here, the term “built-in” means “written in
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<dt id="types.ModuleType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">ModuleType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.ModuleType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of modules.</p>
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<dt id="types.FileType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">FileType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.FileType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of open file objects such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code>; alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#file" title="file"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.XRangeType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">XRangeType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.XRangeType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p id="index-2">The type of range objects returned by <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#xrange" title="xrange"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">xrange()</span></code></a>; alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#xrange" title="xrange"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">xrange</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.SliceType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">SliceType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.SliceType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p id="index-3">The type of objects returned by <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#slice" title="slice"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">slice()</span></code></a>; alias of the built-in
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#slice" title="slice"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">slice</span></code></a>.</p>
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<dt id="types.EllipsisType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">EllipsisType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.EllipsisType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ellipsis</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.TracebackType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">TracebackType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.TracebackType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of traceback objects such as found in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.exc_traceback</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.FrameType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">FrameType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.FrameType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of frame objects such as found in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tb.tb_frame</span></code> if <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tb</span></code> is a
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traceback object.</p>
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<dt id="types.BufferType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">BufferType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.BufferType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p id="index-4">The type of buffer objects created by the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#buffer" title="buffer"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">buffer()</span></code></a> function.</p>
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<dt id="types.DictProxyType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">DictProxyType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.DictProxyType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of dict proxies, such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TypeType.__dict__</span></code>.</p>
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<dt id="types.NotImplementedType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">NotImplementedType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.NotImplementedType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NotImplemented</span></code></p>
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<dt id="types.GetSetDescriptorType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">GetSetDescriptorType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.GetSetDescriptorType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of objects defined in extension modules with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PyGetSetDef</span></code>, such
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as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">FrameType.f_locals</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">array.array.typecode</span></code>. This type is used as
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descriptor for object attributes; it has the same purpose as the
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<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#property" title="property"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">property</span></code></a> type, but for classes defined in extension modules.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
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<dt id="types.MemberDescriptorType">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">MemberDescriptorType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.MemberDescriptorType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>The type of objects defined in extension modules with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PyMemberDef</span></code>, such
339
as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">datetime.timedelta.days</span></code>. This type is used as descriptor for simple C
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data members which use standard conversion functions; it has the same purpose
341
as the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#property" title="property"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">property</span></code></a> type, but for classes defined in extension modules.</p>
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<div class="impl-detail compound">
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<p><strong>CPython implementation detail:</strong> In other implementations of Python, this type may be identical to
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<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">GetSetDescriptorType</span></code>.</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.5.</span></p>
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<dt id="types.StringTypes">
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<code class="descclassname">types.</code><code class="descname">StringTypes</code><a class="headerlink" href="#types.StringTypes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>A sequence containing <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">StringType</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UnicodeType</span></code> used to facilitate
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easier checking for any string object. Using this is more portable than using a
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sequence of the two string types constructed elsewhere since it only contains
357
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UnicodeType</span></code> if it has been built in the running version of Python. For
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