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** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.65 2016/07/18 17:58:58 roberto Exp $
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** Standard Operating System library
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** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
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** {==================================================================
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** List of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function;
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** options are grouped by length; group of length 2 start with '||'.
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** ===================================================================
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#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS) /* { */
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/* options for ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */
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#define L_STRFTIMEC89 "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%"
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/* options for ISO C 99 and POSIX */
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#define L_STRFTIMEC99 "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \
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"||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy" /* two-char options */
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/* options for Windows */
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#define L_STRFTIMEWIN "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \
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"||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y" /* two-char options */
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#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
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#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEWIN
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#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89)
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#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEC89
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#else /* C99 specification */
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#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS L_STRFTIMEC99
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/* }================================================================== */
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** {==================================================================
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** Configuration for time-related stuff
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** ===================================================================
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#if !defined(l_time_t) /* { */
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** type to represent time_t in Lua
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#define l_timet lua_Integer
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#define l_pushtime(L,t) lua_pushinteger(L,(lua_Integer)(t))
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static time_t l_checktime (lua_State *L, int arg) {
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lua_Integer t = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
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luaL_argcheck(L, (time_t)t == t, arg, "time out-of-bounds");
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#if !defined(l_gmtime) /* { */
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** By default, Lua uses gmtime/localtime, except when POSIX is available,
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** where it uses gmtime_r/localtime_r
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#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
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#define l_gmtime(t,r) gmtime_r(t,r)
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#define l_localtime(t,r) localtime_r(t,r)
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/* ISO C definitions */
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#define l_gmtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, gmtime(t))
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#define l_localtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
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/* }================================================================== */
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** {==================================================================
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** Configuration for 'tmpnam':
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** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where
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** ===================================================================
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#if !defined(lua_tmpnam) /* { */
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#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
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#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE 32
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#if !defined(LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE)
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#define LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"
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#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \
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strcpy(b, LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE); \
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if (e != -1) close(e); \
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/* ISO C definitions */
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#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE L_tmpnam
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#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); }
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/* }================================================================== */
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static int os_execute (lua_State *L) {
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const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
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int stat = system(cmd);
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return luaL_execresult(L, stat);
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lua_pushboolean(L, stat); /* true if there is a shell */
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static int os_remove (lua_State *L) {
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const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
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return luaL_fileresult(L, remove(filename) == 0, filename);
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static int os_rename (lua_State *L) {
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const char *fromname = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
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const char *toname = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
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return luaL_fileresult(L, rename(fromname, toname) == 0, NULL);
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static int os_tmpname (lua_State *L) {
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char buff[LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE];
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lua_tmpnam(buff, err);
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return luaL_error(L, "unable to generate a unique filename");
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lua_pushstring(L, buff);
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static int os_getenv (lua_State *L) {
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lua_pushstring(L, getenv(luaL_checkstring(L, 1))); /* if NULL push nil */
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static int os_clock (lua_State *L) {
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lua_pushnumber(L, ((lua_Number)clock())/(lua_Number)CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
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** {======================================================
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** Time/Date operations
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** { year=%Y, month=%m, day=%d, hour=%H, min=%M, sec=%S,
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** wday=%w+1, yday=%j, isdst=? }
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** =======================================================
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static void setfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
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lua_pushinteger(L, value);
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lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
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static void setboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
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if (value < 0) /* undefined? */
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return; /* does not set field */
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lua_pushboolean(L, value);
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lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
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** Set all fields from structure 'tm' in the table on top of the stack
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static void setallfields (lua_State *L, struct tm *stm) {
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setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec);
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setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min);
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setfield(L, "hour", stm->tm_hour);
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setfield(L, "day", stm->tm_mday);
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setfield(L, "month", stm->tm_mon + 1);
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setfield(L, "year", stm->tm_year + 1900);
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setfield(L, "wday", stm->tm_wday + 1);
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setfield(L, "yday", stm->tm_yday + 1);
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setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst);
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static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
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res = (lua_getfield(L, -1, key) == LUA_TNIL) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
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/* maximum value for date fields (to avoid arithmetic overflows with 'int') */
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#if !defined(L_MAXDATEFIELD)
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#define L_MAXDATEFIELD (INT_MAX / 2)
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static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
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int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key); /* get field and its type */
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lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
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if (!isnum) { /* field is not an integer? */
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if (t != LUA_TNIL) /* some other value? */
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return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is not an integer", key);
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else if (d < 0) /* absent field; no default? */
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return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key);
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if (!(-L_MAXDATEFIELD <= res && res <= L_MAXDATEFIELD))
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return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
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static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv,
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ptrdiff_t convlen, char *buff) {
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const char *option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS;
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int oplen = 1; /* length of options being checked */
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for (; *option != '\0' && oplen <= convlen; option += oplen) {
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if (*option == '|') /* next block? */
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oplen++; /* will check options with next length (+1) */
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else if (memcmp(conv, option, oplen) == 0) { /* match? */
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memcpy(buff, conv, oplen); /* copy valid option to buffer */
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return conv + oplen; /* return next item */
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lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid conversion specifier '%%%s'", conv));
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return conv; /* to avoid warnings */
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/* maximum size for an individual 'strftime' item */
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#define SIZETIMEFMT 250
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static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
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const char *s = luaL_optlstring(L, 1, "%c", &slen);
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time_t t = luaL_opt(L, l_checktime, 2, time(NULL));
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const char *se = s + slen; /* 's' end */
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if (*s == '!') { /* UTC? */
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stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr);
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stm = l_localtime(&t, &tmr);
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if (stm == NULL) /* invalid date? */
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luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
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if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
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lua_createtable(L, 0, 9); /* 9 = number of fields */
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setallfields(L, stm);
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char cc[4]; /* buffer for individual conversion specifiers */
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luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
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if (*s != '%') /* not a conversion specifier? */
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luaL_addchar(&b, *s++);
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char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
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s = checkoption(L, s, se - s, cc + 1); /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
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reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
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luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
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static int os_time (lua_State *L) {
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if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) /* called without args? */
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t = time(NULL); /* get current time */
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luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
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lua_settop(L, 1); /* make sure table is at the top */
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ts.tm_sec = getfield(L, "sec", 0, 0);
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ts.tm_min = getfield(L, "min", 0, 0);
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ts.tm_hour = getfield(L, "hour", 12, 0);
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ts.tm_mday = getfield(L, "day", -1, 0);
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ts.tm_mon = getfield(L, "month", -1, 1);
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ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1, 1900);
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ts.tm_isdst = getboolfield(L, "isdst");
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setallfields(L, &ts); /* update fields with normalized values */
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if (t != (time_t)(l_timet)t || t == (time_t)(-1))
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luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
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static int os_difftime (lua_State *L) {
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time_t t1 = l_checktime(L, 1);
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time_t t2 = l_checktime(L, 2);
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lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)difftime(t1, t2));
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/* }====================================================== */
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static int os_setlocale (lua_State *L) {
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static const int cat[] = {LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MONETARY,
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LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME};
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static const char *const catnames[] = {"all", "collate", "ctype", "monetary",
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"numeric", "time", NULL};
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const char *l = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
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int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "all", catnames);
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lua_pushstring(L, setlocale(cat[op], l));
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static int os_exit (lua_State *L) {
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if (lua_isboolean(L, 1))
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status = (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
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status = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS);
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if (lua_toboolean(L, 2))
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if (L) exit(status); /* 'if' to avoid warnings for unreachable 'return' */
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static const luaL_Reg syslib[] = {
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{"difftime", os_difftime},
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{"execute", os_execute},
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{"getenv", os_getenv},
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{"remove", os_remove},
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{"rename", os_rename},
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{"setlocale", os_setlocale},
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{"tmpname", os_tmpname},
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/* }====================================================== */
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LUAMOD_API int luaopen_os (lua_State *L) {
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luaL_newlib(L, syslib);