~ricardo-cropalato/ubuntu-desktop-course/ubuntu-desktop-course-pt-br-ricardo-cropalato : revision 130

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<title>Introducing Ubuntu</title>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Objectives</emphasis></para>

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</para>

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<sect1>

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<title>About Open Source</title>

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<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">The focus of this topic is to help students

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<note><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">The focus of this topic is to help students

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understand the concept of open source, which is the underlying

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foundation of Ubuntu. Briefly explain the dictionary meaning of 'open

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source' in general and move on to establishing how the open source

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spread over different phases: Free Software Movement, Open Source

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Movement initiation and its formal launch. Explain the Ubuntu release schedule, naming

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convention and Ubuntu promise in detail.</emphasis></para>

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</instructornote>

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</note>

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<para>Ubuntu is a Linux-based open source operating system. The term 'open

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source' can be defined as a set of principles and practices that promotes

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access to the design and production of goods and knowledge. Open

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free kernel was yet unavailable to build a free OS that would use these

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tools.</para>

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</sect2>

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<sect2>

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<title>The Open Source Movement and Linux</title>

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<para>The difference between free software and open source can be defined

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<para>In August 1991, Linus Benedict Torvalds, a second-year Finnish

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student of computer science at the University of Helsinki, started

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working on Minix.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Linus Benedict Torvalds</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Linus Benedict Torvalds</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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Bruce Perens et al formally launched the Open Source Movement. They

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promoted open source software exclusively on the basis of technical

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excellence.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Founders of the Open Source Movement</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Founders of the Open Source Movement</emphasis></title>

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</figure>

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<para>The open source movement and the dot.com boom of the late 1990s

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</sect1>

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<sect1>

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<title>About Ubuntu</title>

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<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">The focus of this topic is to make the students

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<note><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">The focus of this topic is to make the students

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understand the origins of Ubuntu, the development cycle, version releases

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and the importance of community contributions towards its development.</emphasis></para>

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</instructornote>

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</note>

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<para>Ubuntu is a community developed, Linux-based operating system

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that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. It contains all the

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applications you need - including a Web browser, presentation, document and

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<para>Ubuntu is an African word meaning 'Humanity to others', or 'I am what I am because of who we all are'.</para></tip>

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<para>The history of Ubuntu dates back to April 2004 when Mark Shuttleworth

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formed a group of open source developers to create a new Linux OS.

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Mark Shuttleworth</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Mark Shuttleworth</emphasis></title>

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</figure>

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Based on the principles of time-based releases, a strong Debian foundation, the GNOME desktop, and a strong commitment

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to freedom, this group operated initially under the auspices of http://no-name-yet.com.</para>

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<para>In a little over three years, Ubuntu has grown to a community of over 12,000 members and an estimated user base of over 8 million

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(as at June 2007).</para>

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<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If the students are interested to know more

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<note><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If the students are interested to know more

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about Mark Shuttleworth, present the following content as a story.</emphasis></para>

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<para><emphasis role="italic">Mark Shuttleworth is an African entrepreneur

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with a love for technology, innovation, change and space flight. Shuttleworth

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member of the cosmonaut crew of Soyuz Mission TM34 to the International Space

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Station. In early 2004, he founded the Ubuntu project, which aims to produce a

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free, high-quality, user friendly OS available for everybody.</emphasis></para>

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</instructornote>

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</note>

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<sect2>

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<title>The Ubuntu Promise</title>

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<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">Stress on the Ubuntu promise because it holds

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<note><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">Stress on the Ubuntu promise because it holds

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the very essence of the spirit and success of the software.</emphasis></para>

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</instructornote>

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</note>

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<listitem><para>Ubuntu will always be free of charge, including enterprise

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releases and security updates.</para></listitem>

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<para>Each release is supported for 18 months; Long Term Support

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releases (LTS) are supported for 3 years on the desktop and 5 years on

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the server.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Ubuntu Versions</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Ubuntu Versions</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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<para>A brief history of releases:</para>

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user root is locked in Ubuntu and only certain tasks are run with administrative

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privileges. Microsoft Windows provides an environment where people

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access administrative user directly.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Ubuntu Security</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Ubuntu Security</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Customisation:</emphasis>

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As a result, you are not stuck with using one version because it was the first you installed.</para>

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<para>Microsoft Windows is a standard OS with some options

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for customization. While many applications are available, most are proprietary software which incur a license fee.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Desktop Customisation</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Desktop Customisation</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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In Microsoft Windows, each programme supplies its own installation method. Microsoft Vista has a

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Digital Locker feature enables users to purchase software online and download

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it in a protected manner.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Installing Software Applications</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Installing Software Applications</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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</listitem>

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version of Outlook Express, with a stripped down calendar or appointment

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application, Microsoft Windows Calendar. An upgrade to Outlook is suggested if you

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use the calendar often or if you have a full PIM. Ubuntu users enjoy the out-of-the-box mail client setup facility.</para>

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Evolution E-mail Client</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">Evolution E-mail Client</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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provides many features of Microsoft Office.

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Vista comes with WordPad by default; the full version of Microsoft Word (or Office) for Microsoft Windows,

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is available at an additional cost.

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<figure><title><emphasis role="italic">OpenOffice.org Writer</emphasis></title>

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<figure float="0"><title><emphasis role="italic">OpenOffice.org Writer</emphasis></title>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure></para>

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your core entertainment system. WMP can contain a large music

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library. With the index search system of WMP, you can search music

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numbers by a particular artist or search for specific numbers.</para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Image Editing and Picture Management:</emphasis>

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With the Picture Gallery application of Microsoft Vista, you can

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upload thousands of images and add tags. You can also organise the images

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Flickr and Picasa Web.</para>

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<para>Ubuntu provides Gimp for image editing which is a powerful Photoshop-like application.

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Microsoft Windows Vista provides 'Paint' for basic image editing.</para>

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</imageobject></mediaobject>

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</figure>

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<listitem><para>Key differences between Ubuntu and Microsoft Windows</para></listitem>

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</itemizedlist>

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</sect1>

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<sect1>

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<title>Review Exercise</title>

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<instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If you are running short of time, administer this

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<note><title>Instructor Notes:</title><para><emphasis role="italic">If you are running short of time, administer this

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exercise when Exploring the GNOME Desktop in Lesson 3.</emphasis></para>

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</instructornote>

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</note>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 1</emphasis></para>

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<para>What is meant by the term free software?</para>

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<para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 1</emphasis></para>

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<para>Quoting the Free Software Foundation's 'What is Free Software', the freedoms at the core of free software are defined as:</para>

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<listitem><para>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others.</para></listitem>

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<listitem><para>The freedom to improve the programme and release your improvements to the public, so that everyone benefits.</para></listitem>

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</itemizedlist>

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</answer>

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</para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 2</emphasis></para>

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<para>What is the Ubuntu promise?</para>

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<para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 2</emphasis></para>

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<para>The Ubuntu promise is:

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improve it and pass it on.</para></listitem>

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</itemizedlist>

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</para>

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</answer>

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</para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 3</emphasis></para>

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<para>Match the Ubuntu versions with the years in which they were

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released.</para>

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<table>

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<tbody>

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<row>

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</tbody>

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</tgroup>

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</table>

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<para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 3</emphasis></para>

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<table>

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<tbody>

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<row>

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</tbody>

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</tgroup>

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</table>

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</answer>

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</para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 4</emphasis></para>

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<para>List three ways in which non-technical users can contribute

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towards the development of Ubuntu.</para>

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<answer><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 4</emphasis></para>

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<para><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 4</emphasis></para>

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<para>The three ways in which non-technical users can contribute

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towards Ubuntu development are artwork, translation and localisation and

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document solutions.</para></answer>

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document solutions.</para></para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 5</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default web browser on Ubuntu is _________________.</para>

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<answer><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 5</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default web browser on Ubuntu is Mozilla Firefox.</para></answer>

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<para><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 5</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default web browser on Ubuntu is Mozilla Firefox.</para></para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 6</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default e-mail client on Ubuntu is __________________.</para>

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<answer><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 6</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default e-mail client on Ubuntu is Evolution.</para></answer>

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<para><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 6</emphasis></para>

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<para>The default e-mail client on Ubuntu is Evolution.</para></para>

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<para><emphasis role="strong">Question 7</emphasis></para>

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<para>What are the advantages of Ubuntu 6 monthly releases?</para>

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<answer><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 7</emphasis></para>

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<para>Quicker upgrade and availability of new applications, as well as improved functionality.</para></answer>

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<para><para><emphasis role="strong">Answer 7</emphasis></para>

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<para>Quicker upgrade and availability of new applications, as well as improved functionality.</para></para>

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</sect1>

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</questions>

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</chapter>

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