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<title>Users and Projects</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="OpenStack Compute Administration Manual"/><link rel="up" href="ch_introduction-to-openstack-compute.html" title="Chapter 2. Introduction to OpenStack Compute"/><link rel="prev" href="hypervisors.html" title="Hypervisors"/><link rel="next" href="images-and-instances.html" title="Images and Instances"/><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><script type="text/javascript">

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</style><link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../common/css/positioning.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../common/jquery/theme-redmond/jquery-ui-1.8.2.custom.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../common/jquery/treeview/jquery.treeview.css"/><script type="text/javascript" src="../common/jquery/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../common/jquery/jquery-ui-1.8.2.custom.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../common/jquery/jquery.cookie.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../common/jquery/treeview/jquery.treeview.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/htmlFileList.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/htmlFileInfoList.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/nwSearchFnt.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/stemmers/en_stemmer.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/index-1.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/index-2.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="search/index-3.js"></script></head><body><div xmlns="" id="header"><img src="../common/images/openstack-logo.png" alt="OpenStack Documentation" width="157" height="47"/><p class="breadcrumbs"><a href="http://docs.openstack.org/">OpenStack Manuals</a></p><h1>Users and Projects</h1><div id="navheader" align="right"><table class="navLinks"><tr><td><a id="showHideButton" onclick="showHideToc();" class="pointLeft" title="Hide TOC tree">Sidebar

</a></td><td><a accesskey="p" class="navLinkPrevious" href="hypervisors.html">Prev</a>

<a accesskey="n" class="navLinkNext" href="images-and-instances.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="content"><div class="section" title="Users and Projects"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d1139e91"/>Users and Projects</h2></div></div></div><p>The OpenStack Compute system is designed to be used by many different cloud computing

consumers or customers, using standard role-based access assignments. Roles control the

actions that a user is allowed to perform. For example, a user cannot allocate a public

IP without the netadmin or admin role. A user's access to particular images is limited

by project, but the access key and secret key are assigned per user. Key pairs granting

access to an instance are enabled per user, but quotas to control resource consumption

across available hardware resources are per project. </p><p>OpenStack Compute uses a rights management system that employs a Role-Based Access

Control (RBAC) model and supports the following five roles:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Cloud Administrator (admin): Users of this class enjoy complete system access.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>IT Security (itsec): This role is limited to IT security personnel. It permits role holders to

quarantine instances.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Project Manager (projectmanager): The default for project owners, this role affords users the

ability to add other users to a project, interact with project images, and

launch and terminate instances.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Network Administrator (netadmin): Users with this role are permitted to allocate and assign

publicly accessible IP addresses as well as create and modify firewall

rules.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Developer (developer): This is a general purpose role that is assigned to users by

default.</p></li></ul></div><p>While the original EC2 API supports users, OpenStack Compute adds the concept of projects.

Projects are isolated resource containers forming the principal organizational structure

within Nova. They consist of a separate VLAN, volumes, instances, images, keys, and

users. A user can specify which project he or she wishes to use by appending :project_id

to his or her access key. If no project is specified in the API request, Compute

attempts to use a project with the same id as the user. </p><p>For projects, quota controls are available to limit the: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Number of volumes which may be created</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Total size of all volumes within a project as measured in GB</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Number of instances which may be launched</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Number of processor cores which may be allocated</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Publicly accessible IP addresses</p></li></ul></div></div><script xmlns="" type="text/javascript" src="../common/main.js"></script><hr xmlns=""/><h2 xmlns="" class="userNotes">User Notes On This Page</h2><div xmlns="" id="disqus_thread"><script type="text/javascript">

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</script><noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="http://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript><a href="http://disqus.com" class="dsq-brlink">User notes powered by <span class="logo-disqus">Disqus</span></a></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="hypervisors.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch_introduction-to-openstack-compute.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="images-and-instances.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr></table></div></div><div xmlns=""><div id="leftnavigation" style="padding-top:3px; background-color:white;"><div id="tabs"><ul><li><a href="#treeDiv"><span class="contentsTab">Contents</span></a></li><li><a href="#searchDiv"><span class="searchTab">Search</span></a></li></ul><div id="treeDiv"><img src="../../../common/images/loading.gif" alt="loading table of contents..." id="tocLoading" style="display:block;"/><div id="ulTreeDiv" style="display:none"><ul id="tree" class="filetree"><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_getting-started-with-openstack.html">Getting Started with OpenStack</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="what-is-openstack.html">What is OpenStack?</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="components-of-openstack.html">Components of OpenStack</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="why-cloud.html">Why Cloud?</a></span></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_introduction-to-openstack-compute.html">Introduction to OpenStack Compute</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="hypervisors.html">Hypervisors</a></span></li><li id="webhelp-currentid"><span class="file"><a href="users-and-projects.html">Users and Projects</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="images-and-instances.html">Images and Instances</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="system-architecture.html">System Architecture</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="storage-and-openstack-compute.html">Storage and OpenStack Compute</a></span></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_installing-openstack-compute.html">Installing OpenStack Compute</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="compute-system-requirements.html">System Requirements</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html">Installing OpenStack Compute on Ubuntu </a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e160">Example Installation Architecture</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e172">Scripted Installation</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e204">Manual Installation</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e208">Installing the Cloud Controller</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e223">Setting up the SQL Database (MySQL) on the Cloud Controller</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e242">Installing the Compute Node</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-compute-on-ubuntu.html#d1139e253">Restart All Relevant Services on the Compute Node</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html">Post-Installation Configuration for OpenStack Compute</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html#d1139e261">Setting Flags in the nova.conf File</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html#d1139e317">Setting Up OpenStack Compute Environment on the Compute Node</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html#d1139e328">Creating Certifications</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html#d1139e336">Enabling Access to VMs on the Compute Node</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-openstack-compute-basics.html#d1139e342">Configuring Multiple Compute Nodes</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_configuring-openstack-compute.html">Configuring OpenStack Compute</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="general-compute-configuration-overview.html">General Compute Configuration Overview</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-logging.html">Configuring Logging</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-hypervisors.html">Configuring Hypervisors </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-compute-to-use-ipv6-addresses.html">Configuring Compute to use IPv6 Addresses </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-compute-to-use-the-image-service.html">Configuring Image Service and Storage for Compute</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-live-migrations.html">Configuring Live Migrations </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-database-connections.html">Configuring Database Connections </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-compute-messaging.html">Configuring the Compute Messaging System</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-authentication-authorization.html">Configuring Authentication and Authorization </a></span></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_openstack-compute-automated-installations.html">OpenStack Compute Automated Installations</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html">OpenStack Compute Deployment Tool with Puppet</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html#d1139e856">Prerequisites</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html#d1139e898">Installing the Deployment Tool</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html#d1139e902">Set permissions to the deployment 'user'</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html#d1139e908">Configure SSH</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-deployment-tool-with-puppet.html#d1139e919">Configuring the Deployment Tool</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html">OpenStack Compute Installation Using VirtualBox, Vagrant, And Chef</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e954">Installing VirtualBox</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e963">Get the Vagrant Pre-release</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e971">Get the Chef Recipes</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e974">Set Up Some Directories</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e977">Get the chef-solo Vagrant file</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-compute-installation-using-virtualbox-vagrant-and-chef.html#d1139e981">Running OpenStack Compute within a Vagrant Instance</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_networking.html">Networking</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="networking-options.html">Networking Options</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html">Configuring Networking on the Compute Node</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1033">Configuring Flat Networking</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1045">Configuring Flat DHCP Networking</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1052">Configuring VLAN Networking</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1095">Enabling Ping and SSH on VMs</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1101">Allocating and Associating IP Addresses with Instances</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-networking-on-the-compute-node.html#d1139e1113">Associating a Public IP Address</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_system-administration-for-openstack-compute.html">System Administration</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="starting-images.html">Starting Images</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="deleting-instances.html">Deleting Instances</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="creating-custom-images.html">Creating Custom Images</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html">Understanding the Compute Service Architecture</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html#d1139e1188">API Server</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html#d1139e1192">Message Queue</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html#d1139e1196">Compute Worker</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html#d1139e1212">Network Controller</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="understanding-the-compute-service-architecture.html#d1139e1222">Volume Workers</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-the-cloud.html">Managing the Cloud</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-the-cloud.html#d1139e1237">Using the nova-manage command</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-compute-users.html">Managing Compute Users</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-compute-users.html#d1139e1252">Credentials</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-compute-users.html#d1139e1258">Role Based Access Control</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-volumes.html">Managing Volumes</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-volumes.html#d1139e1283">Configure Volumes for use with nova-volume</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-volumes.html#d1139e1324">Configure iscsitarget</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-volumes.html#d1139e1330">Configure nova.conf Flag File</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="managing-volumes.html#d1139e1333">Start nova-volume and Create Volumes</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="live-migration-usage.html">Using Live migration</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="reference-for-flags-in-nova-conf.html">Reference for Flags in nova.conf</a></span></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_introduction-to-openstack-imaging-service.html">OpenStack Imaging Service</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="overview-of-architecture.html">Overview of Architecture</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-api-server.html">OpenStack Imaging Service API Server</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-registry-servers.html">OpenStack Imaging Service Registry Servers</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html">Installing and Configuring OpenStack Imaging Service</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1821">System Requirements for OpenStack Imaging Service (Glance)</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1833">Installing OpenStack Imaging Service on Ubuntu </a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1836">Example Installation Architecture</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1839">Installing OpenStack Imaging Service (Glance) </a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1853">Configuring and Controlling Glance Servers</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1871">Manually starting the server</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1877">Starting the server with the glance-control wrapper script</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1886">Stopping a Glance server</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1893">Restarting a Glance server</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-imaging-service.html#d1139e1897">Configuring Compute to use Glance</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="configuring-logging-for-glance.html">Configuring Logging for Glance</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html">OpenStack Imaging Service (Glance) REST API</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e1941">Requesting a List of Public VM Images</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e1947">Requesting Detailed Metadata on Public VM Images</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e1959">Requesting Detailed Metadata on a Specific Image</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e1974">Retrieving a Virtual Machine Image</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e1996">Adding a New Virtual Machine Image</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e2007">Adding Image Metadata in HTTP Headers</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="openstack-imaging-service-glance-rest-api.html#d1139e2060">Updating an Image</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_openstack-interfaces.html">OpenStack Interfaces</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="dashboard-system-requirements.html">System Requirements</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-dashboard.html">Installing the OpenStack Dashboard</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-dashboard.html#d1139e2096">Get the Dashboard Website Source</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-dashboard.html#d1139e2107">Build and Configure Openstack-Dashboard</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="installing-openstack-dashboard.html#d1139e2142">Run the Server</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_openstack-compute-tutorials.html">OpenStack Compute Tutorials</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html">Running Your First Elastic Web Application on the Cloud</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2164">Part I: Setting Up the Cloud Infrastructure</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2167">Configuring the network</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2189">Ensure the Database is Up-to-date</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2193">Creating a user</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2200">Creating a project and related credentials</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2216">Part II: Getting Virtual Machines to Run the Virtual Servers</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2227">Part III: Installing the Needed Software for the Web-Scale Scenario</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2236">On the first VM, install WordPress</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2246">On a second VM, install MySQL</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2250">On a third VM, install Memcache</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2255">Configure the Wordpress Memcache plugin</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="running-elastic-web-app-cloud.html#d1139e2258">Running a Blog in the Cloud</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><span class="file"><a href="ch_support-and-troubleshooting.html">Support and Troubleshooting</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html">Community Support</a></span><ul><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html#d1139e2267">The Launchpad Answers area</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html#d1139e2272">OpenStack mailing list</a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html#d1139e2277">The OpenStack Wiki search </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html#d1139e2281">The Launchpad Bugs area </a></span></li><li><span class="file"><a href="community-support.html#d1139e2297">The OpenStack IRC channel </a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="file"><a href="troubleshooting-openstack-object-storage.html">Troubleshooting 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