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.TH "MORSE" 1 "" "" ""
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morse, QSO \- Morse-code trainer and QSO generator for aspiring radio hams
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\fBmorse\fR [\-i] [\-I] [\-r] [\-n\ \fInum\fR] [\-R\ \fInum\fR] [\-N\ \fInum\fR] [\-C\ \fIcharset\fR] [\-w\ \fInum\fR] [\-f\ \fInum\fR] [\-v\ \fInum\fR] [\-g\ \fInum\fR] [\-f\ \fInum\fR] [\-e] [\-c] [\-b] [\-a] [\-l] [\-m] [\-t] [\-T] [\-s] [\-q] [\-p\ \fInum\fR] [\-E\ \fInum\fR] [\-M\ \fInum\fR] [\-d] [\-A] [\-B] [\-S] [\-x\ \fInum\fR] [\-X\ \fInum\fR] [\fIword\fR...]
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The \fBmorse\fR program is a Morse\-code trainer intended to help aspiring radio hams pass the 5\-word\-per\-minute Element 1 test\&. It can take test text from a text file on standard input, or test words from its command\-line arguments, or generate random text (\-r) or play back what you type (\-i)\&.
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A helper program, \fBQSO\fR, generates plausible QSOs that can be fed to the standard input of \fBmorse\fR\&.
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The following options control the behavior of \fBmorse\fR:
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Like \-i but don't turn off keyboard echoing\&.
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Generate random text\&. Starts out slanted towards easy letters, then slants towards ones you get wrong\&.
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Make words (groups) NUM characters long\&. Valid values are between 1 and 20\&.
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Set the total time (in minutes) to generate text\&.
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\-N NUM (default 0 means unlimited)
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Set the total number of words (groups) to generate\&.
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\-C 'STRING' (default all available characters)
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Select characters to send from this STRING only\&.
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volume (zero to one, rather nonlinear)
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alternate_frequency (toggles via control\-G in input FILE at a word break)
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Farnsworth_character_words_per_minute
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leave off the <SK> sound at the end
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complain about illegal characters instead of just ignoring them
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print each word before doing it
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print each word after doing it
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print each letter just before doing it
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print morse dots and dashes as they sound (this printing\-intensive option slows the wpm down!)
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Type along with the morse, but don't see what you're typing (unless you make a mistake)\&. You are allowed to get ahead as much as you want\&. If you get too far behind it will stop and resync with you\&. You can force it to resync at the next word end by hitting control\-H\&. Hit ESC to see how you are doing, control\-D to end\&. (The rightmost space in the printout marks where the average is\&. Farther left spaces separate off blocks of letters that are about twice as probable as the average to occur, three times, etc\&.)
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Like \-t but see your characters (after they are played)\&.
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Stop after each character and make sure you get it right\&. (implies \-t)
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Quietly resyncs with your input (after you make a mistake)\&.
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Make you get it right NUM times, for penance\&. (implies \-s)\&.
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If your count of wrong answers minus right answers for a given character exceeds this, the program will start prompting you\&. If above the maximum error prompt it will never prompt (implies \-t)\&.
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If you get more than this number of characters behind, pause until you do your next letter\&. 1 behind is normal, 0 behind means never pause\&. This option mplies \-t\&.
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Dynamically speed up or slow down depending on how you are doing\&. (if also\-s, then \-d \fIonly speeds up\fR!)
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Add ISO 8859\-1 (Latin\-1) signs to test set\&.
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Add uncommon punctuation to test set\&.
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Add uncommon prosigns to test set\&.
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Set error volume\&. Error volume 0 means use console speaker\&.
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Set frequency of error tone\&.
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Here is the basic International Morse codest that the program will train you in:
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A \&.\- N \-\&. 1 \&.\-\-\-\- \&. \&.\-\&.\-\&.\-
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B \-\&.\&.\&. O \-\-\- 2 \&.\&.\-\-\- , \-\-\&.\&.\-\-
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C \-\&.\-\&. P \&.\-\-\&. 3 \&.\&.\&.\-\- ? \&.\&.\-\-\&.\&.
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D \-\&.\&. Q \-\-\&.\- 4 \&.\&.\&.\&.\- ( \-\&.\-\-\&.
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E \&. R \&.\-\&. 5 \&.\&.\&.\&.\&. \- \-\&.\&.\&.\&.\-
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F \&.\&.\-\&. S \&.\&.\&. 6 \-\&.\&.\&.\&.
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G \-\-\&. T \- 7 \-\-\&.\&.\&.
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H \&.\&.\&.\&. U \&.\&.\- 8 \-\-\-\&.\&.
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I \&.\&. V \&.\&.\&.\- 9 \-\-\-\-\&.
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J \&.\-\-\- W \&.\-\- 0 \-\-\-\-\-
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K \-\&.\- X \-\&.\&.\- / \-\&.\&.\-\&.
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L \&.\-\&.\&. Y \-\&.\-\- + \&.\-\&.\-\&.
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M \-\- Z \-\-\&.\&. = \-\&.\&.\&.\-
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The following characters are included if one uses the \-B option:
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) \-\&.\-\-\&.\- " \&.\-\&.\&.\-\&. _ \&.\&.\-\-\&.\- ' \&.\-\-\-\-\&.
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: \-\-\-\&.\&.\&. ; \-\&.\-\&.\-\&. $ \&.\&.\&.\-\&.\&.\- ! \-\&.\-\&.\-\-
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The following procedural signals (prosigns) are also included if one uses \-B:
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<AR> "+" over, end of message
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<AS> "*" please stand by (<AS> 5 Wait 5 Minutes) ("\&.\-\&.\&.\&.")
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<BT> "=" (double dash) pause, break for text
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CL going off the air (clear)
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CQ calling any station
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K go, invite any station to transmit
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<KN> "(" go only, invite a specific station to transmit
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<SK> "%" end of contact (sent before call) ("\&.\&.\&.\-\&.\-", known also as <VA>)
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The following less\-used prosigns are included if one uses the \-S option:
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<AA> "^" new line ("\&.\-\&.\-", the same as :a, ae)
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<BK> "#" invite receiving station to transmit ("\-\&.\&.\&.\-\&.\-")
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<KA> "&" attention ("\-\&.\-\&.\-")
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<SN> "@" understood ("\&.\&.\&.\-\&.")
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The following characters are included if one uses the \-A option:
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:a \&.\-\&.\- (also for ae, the same as <AA>)
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`a \&.\-\-\&.\- (also oa, danish a with ring over it)
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ch \-\-\-\- (bar\-ch ?, bar\-h ?, ISO 8859\-1 code 199 and 231 ?)
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\-d \&.\&.\-\-\&. (eth, overstrike d with \-, ISO 8859\-1 code 208 and 240)
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:o \-\-\-\&. (also for oe)
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:u \&.\&.\-\- (also for ue)
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]p \&.\-\-\&.\&. (thorn, overstrike ] with p, ISO 8859\-1 code 222 and 254)
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paragraph \&.\-\&.\-\&.\&. (ISO 8859\-1 code 167 ?)
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For the raw beginner trying to learn morse code, we recommend the following sequence:
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Start learning the alphabet:
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morse \-r \-s \-T \-d \-w 5 \-F 15 \-p 5 \-E \-10
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Then drill drill drill:
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morse \-r \-s \-T \-d \-w 5 \-F 15 \-p 5 \-E 0
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Real\-time drill, with hints if you really need it:
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morse \-r \-T \-d \-w 5 \-F 15 \-M 2 \-E 4
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QSO | morse \-e \-T \-d \-w 5 \-F 15
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The dreaded random\-letter test:
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morse \-r \-T \-d \-w 5 \-F 15
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Finally try for greater and greater speed:
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morse \-r \-T \-d \-w 13 \-F 24
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Joe Dellinger <joe@montebello\&.soest\&.hawaii\&.edu>\&.
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Updated 2005 by Eric S\&. Raymond <esr@thyrsus\&.com>\&.
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Other contributions by Jacek M\&. Holeczek and Marc Unangst\&.