3
For exponentiation, the MPI library uses a simple and fairly standard
4
square-and-multiply method. The algorithm is this:
23
The modular exponentiation is done the same way, except replacing:
38
Here is a sample exponentiation using the MPI library, as compared to
39
the same problem solved by the Unix 'bc' program on my system:
41
Computation of 2,381,283 ** 235
45
4385CA4A804D199FBEAD95FAD0796FAD0D0B51FC9C16743C45568C789666985DB719\
46
4D90E393522F74C9601262C0514145A49F3B53D00983F95FDFCEA3D0043ECEF6227E\
47
6FB59C924C3EE74447B359B5BF12A555D46CB819809EF423F004B55C587D6F0E8A55\
48
4988036A42ACEF9F71459F97CEF6E574BD7373657111648626B1FF8EE15F663B2C0E\
49
6BBE5082D4CDE8E14F263635AE8F35DB2C280819517BE388B5573B84C5A19C871685\
50
FD408A6471F9D6AFAF5129A7548EAE926B40874B340285F44765BF5468CE20A13267\
51
CD88CE6BC786ACED36EC7EA50F67FF27622575319068A332C3C0CB23E26FB55E26F4\
52
5F732753A52B8E2FB4D4F42D894242613CA912A25486C3DEC9C66E5DB6182F6C1761\
53
CF8CD0D255BE64B93836B27D452AE38F950EB98B517D4CF50D48F0165EF0CCCE1F5C\
54
49BF18219FDBA0EEDD1A7E8B187B70C2BAED5EC5C6821EF27FAFB1CFF70111C52235\
55
5E948B93A015AA1AE152B110BB5658CB14D3E45A48BFE7F082C1182672A455A695CD\
56
A1855E8781E625F25B41B516E77F589FA420C3B058861EA138CF7A2C58DB3C7504FD\
57
D29554D78237834CC5AE710D403CC4F6973D5012B7E117A8976B14A0B5AFA889BD47\
58
92C461F0F96116F00A97AE9E83DC5203680CAF9A18A062566C145650AB86BE4F907F\
59
A9F7AB4A700B29E1E5BACCD6DCBFA513E10832815F710807EED2E279081FEC61D619\
60
AB270BEB3D3A1787B35A9DD41A8766CF21F3B5C693B3BAB1C2FA14A4ED202BC35743\
61
E5CBE2391624D4F8C9BFBBC78D69764E7C6C5B11BF005677BFAD17D9278FFC1F158F\
62
1B3683FF7960FA0608103792C4163DC0AF3E06287BB8624F8FE3A0FFBDF82ACECA2F\
67
4385CA4A804D199FBEAD95FAD0796FAD0D0B51FC9C16743C45568C789666985DB719\
68
4D90E393522F74C9601262C0514145A49F3B53D00983F95FDFCEA3D0043ECEF6227E\
69
6FB59C924C3EE74447B359B5BF12A555D46CB819809EF423F004B55C587D6F0E8A55\
70
4988036A42ACEF9F71459F97CEF6E574BD7373657111648626B1FF8EE15F663B2C0E\
71
6BBE5082D4CDE8E14F263635AE8F35DB2C280819517BE388B5573B84C5A19C871685\
72
FD408A6471F9D6AFAF5129A7548EAE926B40874B340285F44765BF5468CE20A13267\
73
CD88CE6BC786ACED36EC7EA50F67FF27622575319068A332C3C0CB23E26FB55E26F4\
74
5F732753A52B8E2FB4D4F42D894242613CA912A25486C3DEC9C66E5DB6182F6C1761\
75
CF8CD0D255BE64B93836B27D452AE38F950EB98B517D4CF50D48F0165EF0CCCE1F5C\
76
49BF18219FDBA0EEDD1A7E8B187B70C2BAED5EC5C6821EF27FAFB1CFF70111C52235\
77
5E948B93A015AA1AE152B110BB5658CB14D3E45A48BFE7F082C1182672A455A695CD\
78
A1855E8781E625F25B41B516E77F589FA420C3B058861EA138CF7A2C58DB3C7504FD\
79
D29554D78237834CC5AE710D403CC4F6973D5012B7E117A8976B14A0B5AFA889BD47\
80
92C461F0F96116F00A97AE9E83DC5203680CAF9A18A062566C145650AB86BE4F907F\
81
A9F7AB4A700B29E1E5BACCD6DCBFA513E10832815F710807EED2E279081FEC61D619\
82
AB270BEB3D3A1787B35A9DD41A8766CF21F3B5C693B3BAB1C2FA14A4ED202BC35743\
83
E5CBE2391624D4F8C9BFBBC78D69764E7C6C5B11BF005677BFAD17D9278FFC1F158F\
84
1B3683FF7960FA0608103792C4163DC0AF3E06287BB8624F8FE3A0FFBDF82ACECA2F\
91
------------------------------------------------------------------
92
***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
93
Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
95
The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
96
1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
98
http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
100
Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
101
WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
102
for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
105
The Original Code is the MPI Arbitrary Precision Integer Arithmetic
108
The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
109
Michael J. Fromberger <sting@linguist.dartmouth.edu>
110
Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998, 2000
111
the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
115
Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
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118
in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
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***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
129
$Id: expt.txt,v 1.2 2005/02/02 22:28:22 gerv%gerv.net Exp $