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.TH pnmmtofiasco 1 "July 12, 2000"
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pnmtofiasco - Convert a portable anymap to FIASCO compressed file
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compresses the named pbm, pgm, or ppm image files, or Standard Input
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if no file is named, and produces a FIASCO file on Standard Output.
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All option names may be abbreviated; for example, --optimize may be
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written --optim or --opt. For most options a one letter short option
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is provided. Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are
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mandatory or optional for short options, too. Both short and long
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options are case sensitive.
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The basic options are:
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\fB\-i\fP \fIname\fP, \fB\-\-input-name=\fIname\fP
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Compress the named images, not Standard Input.
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has to be either an image filename or a template of the form:
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prefix[start-end{+,-}step]suffix
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Templates are useful when compressing video streams: e.g., if you specify
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.BR "img0[12-01-2].pgm" ,
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compresses the images img012.pgm, img010.pgm, ..., img002.pgm.
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searches for the image files in the current directory and in the
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(colon-separated) list of directories given by the environment
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\fB\-o\fP \fIoutput-file\fP, \fB\-\-output-name=\fIname\fP
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Write FIASCO output to the named file, not to Standard Output.
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is a relative path and the environment variable
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is a (colon-separated) list of directories, then
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writes the output file to the first (writable) directory of this
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write it to the current directory.
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\fB\-q\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-quality=\fIN\fP
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Set quality of compression to
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Quality is 1 (worst) to 100 (best); default is 20.
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\fB\-v\fP, \fB\-\-version
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version number, then exit.
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\fB\-V\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-verbose \fIN\fP
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Set level of verbosity to
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Level is 0 (no output at all), 1 (show progress meter), or 2 (show
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detailed compression statistics); default is 1.
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\fB\-B\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-progress-meter \fIN\fP
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Set type of progress-meter to
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The following types are available; default is 1:
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RPM style progress bar using 50 hash marks
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\fB\-f\fP \fIname\fP, \fB\-\-config=\fIname\fP
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to initialize the options of
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for an example of the syntax. Options of
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are set by any of the following methods (in the specified order):
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1) Global ressource file
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.B /etc/system.fiascorc
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4) --config=\fIname\fP
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\fB\-h\fP, \fB\-\-info
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Print brief help, then exit.
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\fB\-H\fP, \fB\-\-help
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Print detailed help, then exit.
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The options for advanced users are:
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\fB\-b\fP \fIname\fP, \fB\-\-basis-name=\fIname\fP
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Preload compression basis \fIname\fP into FIASCO. The basis \fIname\fP
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provides the initial compression dictionary. Either use one of the
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files "small.fco", "medium.fco", or "large.fco" that come with
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or create a new ASCII basis file.
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\fB\-z\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-optimize=\fIN\fP Set optimization level to
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\fIN\fP. Level is 0 (fastes) to 3 (slowest); default is 1. Be warned,
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the encoding time dramatically increased when \fIN\fP=\fB2\fP or
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\fIN\fP=\fB3\fP while the compression performance only slightly
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\fB\-P\fP, \fB\-\-prediction
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Use additional predictive coding. If this optimization is enabled then
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the image is compressed in two steps. In the first step, a coarse
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approximation of the image is computed using large unichrome
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blocks. Finally, the delta image is computed and the prediction error
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is approximated using the standard FIASCO algorithm.
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\fB\-D\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-dictionary-size=\fIN\fP
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Set size of dictionary that is used when coding the luminance
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band to \fIN\fP; default is 10000, i.e., the dictionary is not
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\fB\-C\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-chroma-dictionary=\fIN\fP
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Set size of dictionary that is used when coding chroma bands to
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\fIN\fP; default is 40.
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\fB\-Q\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-chroma-qfactor=\fIN\fP
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Reduce the quality of chroma band compression \fIN\fP-times with
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respect to the user defined quality \fIq\fP of the luminance
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band compression (\fB\-\-quality\fP=\fIq\fP); default is 2.
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\fB\-t\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-tiling-exponent=\fIN\fP
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Subdivide the image into 2^\fIN\fP tiles prior coding; default is 4,
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i.e. the image is subdivided into 16 tiles. The processing order of
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the individual tiles is defined by the option
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\fB\-\-tiling-method=\fIname\fP.
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\fB\-T\fP \fIname\fP, \fB\-\-tiling-method=\fIname\fP
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Order the individual image tiles (the image is subdivided into; see
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option \fB\-\-tiling-exponent=\fP\fIN\fP) by method \fIname\fP; default
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\fBdesc-variance\fP: Tiles with small variances are processed first.
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\fBasc-variance\fP: Tiles with large variances are processed first.
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\fBdesc-spiral\fP: Tiles are process in spiral order starting in the
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\fBasc-spiral\fP: Tiles are process in spiral order starting at the
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\fB\-\-rpf-mantissa=\fIN\fP
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Use \fIN\fP mantissa bits for quantized coefficients.
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\fB\-\-dc-rpf-mantissa=\fIN\fP
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Use \fIN\fP mantissa bits for quantized DC coefficients.
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\fB\-\-rpf-range=\fIN\fP
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Coefficients outside the quantization interval [-\fIN\fP,+\fIN\fP] are
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\fB\-\-dc-rpf-range=\fIN\fP
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DC coefficients outside the quantization interval [-\fIN\fP,+\fIN\fP] are
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Additional options for video compression are:
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\fB\-s\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-smooth=\fIN\fP
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Smooth decompressed reference frames along the partitioning borders by
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the given amount \fIN\fP. \fIN\fP is 0 (no smoothing) to 100; default
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is 70. This factor is stored in the FIASCO file.
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\fB\-m\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-min-level=\fIN\fP
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Start prediction (motion compensated prediction or additional prediction) on
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block level \fIN\fP; default is level 6. I.e., motion compensation is
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applied to all image blocks of at least 8x8 pixels (binary tree level
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\fIN\fP=6), 16x8 (\fIN\fP=7), 16x16 (\fIN\fP=8), etc.
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\fB\-M\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-max-level=\fIN\fP
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Stop prediction (motion compensated prediction or additional prediction) on
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block level \fIN\fP; default is level 10. I.e., motion compensation is
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applied to all image blocks of at most 16x16 pixels (\fIN\fP=8),
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32x16 (\fIN\fP=9), 32x32 (\fIN\fP=10), etc.
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\fB\-2\fP, \fB\-\-half-pixel
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Use half pixel precise motion compensation.
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\fB\-F\fP \fIN\fP, \fB\-\-fps=\fIN\fP
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Set number of frames per second to \fIN\fP. This value is stored in
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the FIASCO output file and is used in the decoder dfiasco(1) to control the
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\fB\-p\fP \fItype\fP, \fB\-\-pattern=\fItype\fP
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Defines the type of inter frame compression which should be applied to
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individual frames of a video stream. \fItype\fP is a sequence of
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characters; default is "IPPPPPPPPP". Element \fBN\fP defines the type
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of predicting which should be used for frame \fBN\fP; the frame type
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pattern is periodically extended. Valid characters are:
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\fBI\fP: intra frame, i.e., no motion compensated prediction is used at
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\fBP\fP: predicted frame, i.e., a previously encoded frame is used for
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prediction (forward prediction).
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\fBB\fP: bidirectional predicted frame, i.e., not only a previously
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shown frame but also a frame of the future is used for prediction
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(forward, backward or interpolated prediction).
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\fB\-\-cross-B-search
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Instead of using exhaustive search the "Cross-B-Search" algorithm
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is used to find the best interpolated prediction of B-frames.
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Also use previously encoded B-frames when prediction the current
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frame. If this option is not set, only I- and P-frames are used to
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predict the current frame.
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pnmtofiasco < foo.ppm >foo.wfa
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Compress the still image "foo.ppm" to the FIASCO file "foo.wfa" using
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pnmtofiasco -2 -p "IBBPBBPBB" -fps 15 -o video.wfa foo0*.ppm
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Compress the video frames "foo0*.ppm" to the FIASCO file "video.wfa" using
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half pixel precise motion compensation at a frame rate of 15 frames
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per second. Intra frame 1 is used to predict P-frame 4, frames 1 and 4
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are used to predict B-frames 2 and 3, and so on. Frame 10 is again an
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.B /etc/system.fiascorc
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The systemwide initialization file.
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The personal initialization file.
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Search path for image files. Default is "./".
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Search and save path for FIASCO files. Default is "./".
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Ullrich Hafner, Juergen Albert, Stefan Frank, and Michael Unger.
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\fBWeighted Finite Automata for Video Compression\fP, IEEE Journal on
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Selected Areas In Communications, January 1998
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Ullrich Hafner. \fBLow Bit-Rate Image and Video Coding with Weighted
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Finite Automata\fP, Ph.D. thesis, Mensch & Buch Verlag, ISBN
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3-89820-002-7, October 1999.
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Ullrich Hafner <hafner@bigfoot.de>
added
removed
pnm/fiasco/pnmtofiasco.1
