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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.4.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part�V.�Troubleshooting"><link rel="prev" href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist"><link rel="next" href="bugreport.html" title="Chapter�40.�Reporting Bugs"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="diagnosis.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�V.�Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="bugreport.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="problems"></a>Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="orgname">Samba Team</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="orgname">The Samba Team</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="orgname">Samba Team</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="orgname">Samba Team</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 Apr 2003</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2684879">Diagnostics Tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2684931">Debugging with Samba Itself</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2685187">Tcpdump</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2685238">Ethereal</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2685381">The Windows Network Monitor</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2685707">Useful URLs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2685744">Getting Mailing List Help</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2685919">How to Get Off the Mailing Lists</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.4.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part�V.�Troubleshooting"><link rel="prev" href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist"><link rel="next" href="bugreport.html" title="Chapter�40.�Reporting Bugs"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="diagnosis.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�V.�Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="bugreport.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="problems"></a>Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Bannon</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 Apr 2003</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2690936">Diagnostics Tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2690988">Debugging with Samba Itself</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2691244">Tcpdump</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2691294">Ethereal</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="problems.html#id2691438">The Windows Network Monitor</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2691764">Useful URLs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2691801">Getting Mailing List Help</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="problems.html#id2691975">How to Get Off the Mailing Lists</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
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There are many sources of information available in the form of mailing lists, RFCs, and documentation. The
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documentation that comes with the Samba distribution contains good explanations of general SMB topics such as
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</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2684879"></a>Diagnostics Tools</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect1" title="Diagnostics Tools"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2690936"></a>Diagnostics Tools</h2></div></div></div><p>
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With SMB networking, it is often not immediately clear what the cause is of a certain problem. Samba itself
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provides rather useful information, but in some cases you might have to fall back to using a
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<span class="emphasis"><em>sniffer</em></span>. A sniffer is a program that listens on your LAN, analyzes the data sent on it,
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and displays it on the screen.
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</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2684931"></a>Debugging with Samba Itself</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect2" title="Debugging with Samba Itself"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2690988"></a>Debugging with Samba Itself</h3></div></div></div><p>
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One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself. You can use the <code class="option">-d
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option</code> for both <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span> to specify the <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#DEBUGLEVEL" target="_top">debug level</a> at which to run.
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See the man pages for <code class="literal">smbd, nmbd</code>, and <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> for more information regarding debugging
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options. The debug level (log level) can range from 1 (the default) to 10 (100 for debugging passwords).
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Another helpful method of debugging is to compile Samba using the <code class="literal">gcc -g </code> flag. This will
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include debug information in the binaries and allow you to attach <code class="literal">gdb</code> to the running
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<code class="literal">smbd/nmbd</code> process. To attach <code class="literal">gdb</code> to an <code class="literal">smbd</code> process
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<code class="literal">gdb</code> and continue.
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Some useful Samba commands worth investigating are:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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<code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>testparm | more</code></strong>
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<code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</code></strong>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2685187"></a>Tcpdump</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Tcpdump"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2691244"></a>Tcpdump</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="ulink" href="http://www.tcpdump.org/" target="_top">Tcpdump</a> was the first
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UNIX sniffer with SMB support. It is a command-line utility and
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now, its SMB support is somewhat lagging that of <code class="literal">ethereal</code>
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and <code class="literal">tethereal</code>.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2685238"></a>Ethereal</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Ethereal"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2691294"></a>Ethereal</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="ulink" href="http://www.ethereal.com/" target="_top">Ethereal</a> is a graphical sniffer, available for both UNIX (Gtk)
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and Windows. Ethereal's SMB support is quite good. For details on the use of <code class="literal">ethereal</code>, read
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the well-written Ethereal User Guide.
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</p><div class="figure"><a name="ethereal1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure�39.1.�Starting a Capture.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/ethereal1.png" alt="Starting a Capture."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"><p>
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Listen for data on ports 137, 138, 139, and 445. For example, use the filter <strong class="userinput"><code>port 137, port 138,
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port 139, or port 445</code></strong> as seen in <a class="link" href="problems.html#ethereal1" title="Figure�39.1.�Starting a Capture.">Starting a Capture</a> snapshot.
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A console version of ethereal is available as well and is called <code class="literal">tethereal</code>.
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</p><div class="figure"><a name="ethereal2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure�39.2.�Main Ethereal Data Window.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/ethereal2.png" alt="Main Ethereal Data Window."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2685381"></a>The Windows Network Monitor</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="figure"><a name="ethereal2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure�39.2.�Main Ethereal Data Window.</b></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/ethereal2.png" alt="Main Ethereal Data Window."></div></div></div><br class="figure-break"></div><div class="sect2" title="The Windows Network Monitor"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2691438"></a>The Windows Network Monitor</h3></div></div></div><p>
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For tracing things on Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor (aka Netmon) is available on Microsoft Developer
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Network CDs, the Windows NT Server install CD, and the SMS CDs. The version of Netmon that ships with SMS
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allows for dumping packets between any two computers (i.e., placing the network interface in promiscuous
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mode). The version on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring of network traffic directed to the
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local NT box and broadcasts on the local subnet. Be aware that Ethereal can read and write Netmon formatted
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</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2685441"></a>Installing Network Monitor on an NT Workstation</h4></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect3" title="Installing Network Monitor on an NT Workstation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2691497"></a>Installing Network Monitor on an NT Workstation</h4></div></div></div><p>
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Installing Netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple of steps. The following are instructions for
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installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes with Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT
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Workstation 4.0. The process should be similar for other versions of Windows NT version of Netmon. You will
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need both the Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2691523"></a>
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Initially you will need to install <span class="application">Network Monitor Tools and Agent</span>
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on the NT Server to do this:
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Go to <span class="guibutton">Start</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Settings</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Control Panel</span> ->
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<span class="guibutton">Network</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Services</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Add</span>.</p></li><li><p>Select the <span class="guilabel">Network Monitor Tools and Agent</span> and click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span>.</p></li><li><p>Click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span> on the Network Control Panel.</p></li><li><p>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p>
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Go to <span class="guibutton">Start</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Settings</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Control Panel</span> ->
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<span class="guibutton">Network</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Services</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Add</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Select the <span class="guilabel">Network Monitor Tools and Agent</span> and click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span> on the Network Control Panel.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p>
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At this point, the Netmon files should exist in <code class="filename">%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</code>.
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Two subdirectories exist as well: <code class="filename">parsers\</code>, which contains the necessary DLLs
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for parsing the Netmon packet dump, and <code class="filename">captures\</code>.
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To install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will first need to install the
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Network Monitor Agent from the Workstation install CD.
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Go to <span class="guibutton">Start</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Settings</span> ->
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Go to <span class="guibutton">Start</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Settings</span> ->
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<span class="guibutton">Control Panel</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Network</span> ->
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<span class="guibutton">Services</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Add</span>.</p></li><li><p>Select the <span class="guilabel">Network Monitor Agent</span>, click on
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<span class="guibutton">OK</span>.</p></li><li><p>Click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span> in the Network Control Panel.
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</p></li><li><p>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install CD when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p>
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<span class="guibutton">Services</span> -> <span class="guibutton">Add</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Select the <span class="guilabel">Network Monitor Agent</span>, click on
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<span class="guibutton">OK</span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span> in the Network Control Panel.
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install CD when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p>
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Now copy the files from the NT Server in <code class="filename">%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon</code>
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to <code class="filename">%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon</code> on the workstation and set permissions
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as you deem appropriate for your site. You will need administrative rights on the NT box to run Netmon.
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</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2685684"></a>Installing Network Monitor on Windows 9x/Me</h4></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Installing Network Monitor on Windows 9x/Me"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2691740"></a>Installing Network Monitor on Windows 9x/Me</h4></div></div></div><p>
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To install Netmon on Windows 9x/Me, install the Network Monitor Agent
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from the Windows 9x/Me CD (<code class="filename">\admin\nettools\netmon</code>).
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There is a readme file included with the Netmon driver files on the CD if you need
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information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working Netmon installation.
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</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2685707"></a>Useful URLs</h2></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at
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</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Useful URLs"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2691764"></a>Useful URLs</h2></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at
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<a class="ulink" href="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html" target="_top">
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http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</a>. </p></li><li><p>FTP site for older SMB specs,
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http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</a>. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>FTP site for older SMB specs,
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<a class="ulink" href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/" target="_top">
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ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2685744"></a>Getting Mailing List Help</h2></div></div></div><p>
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ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Getting Mailing List Help"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2691801"></a>Getting Mailing List Help</h2></div></div></div><p>
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There are a number of Samba-related mailing lists. Go to <a class="ulink" href="http://samba.org" target="_top">http://samba.org</a>, click on your nearest mirror,
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and then click on <code class="literal">Support</code>. Next, click on <code class="literal">
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Samba-related mailing lists</code>.
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It has been requested that you do not post questions about Samba-TNG to the
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mainstream Samba lists.</p><p>
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If you do post a message to one of the lists, please observe the following guidelines:
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2685800"></a>
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2691856"></a>
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Always remember that the developers are volunteers; they are
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not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at
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a particular time. Any timelines are “<span class="quote">best guess,</span>” and nothing more.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2685818"></a>
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a particular time. Any timelines are <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">best guess,</span>”</span> and nothing more.
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2691875"></a>
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Always mention what version of Samba you are using and what
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operating system it's running under. You should list the relevant sections of
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your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file, at least the options in <em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em>
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that affect PDC support.
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</p></li><li><p>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via
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CVS, mention the date when you last checked it out.</p></li><li><p> Try to make your questions clear and brief. Lots of long,
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via
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CVS, mention the date when you last checked it out.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Try to make your questions clear and brief. Lots of long,
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convoluted questions get deleted before they are completely read!
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Do not post HTML-encoded messages. Most people on mailing lists simply delete
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</p></li><li><p> If you run one of those nifty “<span class="quote">I'm on holiday</span>” things when
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> If you run one of those nifty <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">I'm on holiday</span>”</span> things when
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you are away, make sure its configured to not answer mailing list traffic. Autoresponses
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to mailing lists really irritate the thousands of people who end up having to deal
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with such bad netiquet bahavior.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2685871"></a>
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2691927"></a>
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Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to
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and see what happens. Do not post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
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Many people active on the lists subscribe to more
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than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times.
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Often someone who thinks a message would be better dealt
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with on another list will forward it on for you.</p></li><li><p>You might include <span class="emphasis"><em>partial</em></span>
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with on another list will forward it on for you.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>You might include <span class="emphasis"><em>partial</em></span>
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log files written at a log level set to as much as 20.
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Please do not send the entire log but just enough to give the context of the
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error messages.</p></li><li><p>If you have a complete Netmon trace (from the opening of
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the pipe to the error), you can send the *.CAP file as well.</p></li><li><p>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
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error messages.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If you have a complete Netmon trace (from the opening of
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the pipe to the error), you can send the *.CAP file as well.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
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Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The Samba
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mailing lists go to a huge number of people. Do they all need a copy of your
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<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> in their attach directory?</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2685919"></a>How to Get Off the Mailing Lists</h2></div></div></div><p>To have your name removed from a Samba mailing list, go to the same
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<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> in their attach directory?</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" title="How to Get Off the Mailing Lists"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2691975"></a>How to Get Off the Mailing Lists</h2></div></div></div><p>To have your name removed from a Samba mailing list, go to the same
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place where you went to
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subscribe to it, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://lists.samba.org/" target="_top">http://lists.samba.org</a>,
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click on your nearest mirror, click on <code class="literal">Support</code>, and
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docs/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/problems.html
