3
ls, lc \- list contents of directory
17
For each directory argument,
19
lists the contents of the directory;
20
for each file argument,
22
repeats its name and any other information requested.
23
When no argument is given, the current directory is listed.
24
By default, the output is sorted alphabetically by name.
31
option and pipes the output through
34
There are a number of options:
37
If argument is a directory, list it, not
41
List in long format, giving mode (see below), file system type
42
(e.g., for devices, the
44
code letter that names it; see
46
the instance or subdevice number, owner, group,
47
size in bytes, and time of last modification
51
List the name of the user who most recently modified the file.
54
Don't sort the listing.
57
Print only the final path element of each file name.
64
of each file; the printed fields are in the order
65
path, version, and type.
68
Reverse the order of sort.
71
Give size in Kbytes for each entry.
74
Sort by time modified (latest first) instead of
80
sort by time of last access;
83
print time of last access.
88
after all directory names
91
after all executable files.
96
before each file if it has the temporary flag set, and
101
By default, printed file names are quoted if they contain characters special to
105
flag disables this behavior.
107
The mode printed under the
109
option contains 11 characters,
112
the first character is
115
if the entry is a directory;
118
if the entry is an append-only file;
121
if the entry is a Unix device;
124
if the entry is a symbolic link;
127
if the entry is a named pipe;
130
if the entry is a socket;
133
if the entry is a plain file.
138
if the file is exclusive access (one writer or reader at a time).
140
The last 9 characters are interpreted
141
as three sets of three bits each.
142
The first set refers to owner permissions;
143
the next to permissions to others in the same user-group;
144
and the last to all others.
145
Within each set the three characters indicate
146
permission respectively to read, to write, or to
147
execute the file as a program.
148
For a directory, `execute' permission is interpreted
149
to mean permission to search the directory
150
for a specified file.
151
The permissions are indicated as follows:
154
if the file is readable;
158
if the file is writable;
161
if the file is executable;
164
if none of the above permissions is granted.
added
removed
ls/ls.1
