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package Slic3r::GUI::PreviewCanvas;
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use Wx::Event qw(EVT_PAINT EVT_SIZE EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND EVT_IDLE EVT_MOUSEWHEEL EVT_MOUSE_EVENTS);
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# must load OpenGL *before* Wx::GLCanvas
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use OpenGL qw(:glconstants :glfunctions :glufunctions);
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use base qw(Wx::GLCanvas Class::Accessor);
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use Math::Trig qw(asin);
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use List::Util qw(reduce min max first);
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use Slic3r::Geometry qw(X Y Z MIN MAX triangle_normal normalize deg2rad tan);
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use Wx::GLCanvas qw(:all);
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__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors( qw(quat dirty init mview_init
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object_bounding_box object_shift
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use constant TRACKBALLSIZE => 0.8;
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use constant TURNTABLE_MODE => 1;
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use constant SELECTED_COLOR => [0,1,0,1];
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use constant COLORS => [ [1,1,1], [1,0.5,0.5], [0.5,1,0.5], [0.5,0.5,1] ];
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# make OpenGL::Array thread-safe
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*OpenGL::Array::CLONE_SKIP = sub { 1 };
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my ($class, $parent, $object) = @_;
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my $self = $class->SUPER::new($parent);
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$self->quat((0, 0, 0, 1));
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$self->load_object($object);
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EVT_PAINT($self, sub {
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my $dc = Wx::PaintDC->new($self);
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EVT_SIZE($self, sub { $self->dirty(1) });
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return unless $self->dirty;
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return if !$self->IsShownOnScreen;
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$self->Resize( $self->GetSizeWH );
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EVT_MOUSEWHEEL($self, sub {
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my $zoom = ($e->GetWheelRotation() / $e->GetWheelDelta() / 10);
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$zoom = $zoom > 0 ? (1.0 + $zoom) : 1 / (1.0 - $zoom);
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my @pos3d = $self->mouse_to_3d($e->GetX(), $e->GetY());
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$self->ZoomTo($zoom, $pos3d[0], $pos3d[1]);
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EVT_MOUSE_EVENTS($self, sub {
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if ($e->Dragging() && $e->LeftIsDown()) {
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$self->handle_rotation($e);
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} elsif ($e->Dragging() && $e->RightIsDown()) {
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$self->handle_translation($e);
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} elsif ($e->LeftUp() || $e->RightUp()) {
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$self->initpos(undef);
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my ($self, $object) = @_;
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my $bb = $object->raw_mesh->bounding_box;
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my $center = $bb->center;
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$self->object_shift(Slic3r::Pointf3->new(-$center->x, -$center->y, -$bb->z_min)); #,,
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$bb->translate(@{ $self->object_shift });
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$self->object_bounding_box($bb);
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# group mesh(es) by material
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# sort volumes: non-modifiers first
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my @volumes = sort { ($a->modifier // 0) <=> ($b->modifier // 0) } @{$object->volumes};
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foreach my $volume (@volumes) {
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my $mesh = $volume->mesh->clone;
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$mesh->translate(@{ $self->object_shift });
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my $material_id = $volume->material_id // '_';
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my $color_idx = first { $materials[$_] eq $material_id } 0..$#materials;
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if (!defined $color_idx) {
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push @materials, $material_id;
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$color_idx = $#materials;
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my $color = [ @{COLORS->[ $color_idx % scalar(@{&COLORS}) ]} ];
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push @$color, $volume->modifier ? 0.5 : 1;
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push @{$self->volumes}, my $v = {
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my $vertices = $mesh->vertices;
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my @verts = map @{ $vertices->[$_] }, map @$_, @{$mesh->facets};
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$v->{verts} = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @verts);
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my @norms = map { @$_, @$_, @$_ } @{$mesh->normals};
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$v->{norms} = OpenGL::Array->new_list(GL_FLOAT, @norms);
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sub SetCuttingPlane {
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$self->cutting_plane_z($z);
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# Given an axis and angle, compute quaternion.
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my $lena = sqrt(reduce { $a + $b } (map { $_ * $_ } @$ax));
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my @q = map { $_ * (1 / $lena) } @$ax;
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@q = map { $_ * sin($phi / 2.0) } @q;
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$q[$#q + 1] = cos($phi / 2.0);
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# Project a point on the virtual trackball.
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# If it is inside the sphere, map it to the sphere, if it outside map it
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sub project_to_sphere {
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my ($r, $x, $y) = @_;
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my $d = sqrt($x * $x + $y * $y);
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if ($d < $r * 0.70710678118654752440) { # Inside sphere
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return sqrt($r * $r - $d * $d);
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} else { # On hyperbola
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my $t = $r / 1.41421356237309504880;
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return (@$v1[1] * @$v2[2] - @$v1[2] * @$v2[1],
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@$v1[2] * @$v2[0] - @$v1[0] * @$v2[2],
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@$v1[0] * @$v2[1] - @$v1[1] * @$v2[0]);
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# Simulate a track-ball. Project the points onto the virtual trackball,
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# then figure out the axis of rotation, which is the cross product of
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# P1 P2 and O P1 (O is the center of the ball, 0,0,0) Note: This is a
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# deformed trackball-- is a trackball in the center, but is deformed
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# into a hyperbolic sheet of rotation away from the center.
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# It is assumed that the arguments to this routine are in the range
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my ($p1x, $p1y, $p2x, $p2y) = @_;
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if ($p1x == $p2x && $p1y == $p2y) {
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return (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
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# First, figure out z-coordinates for projection of P1 and P2 to
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my @p1 = ($p1x, $p1y, project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE, $p1x, $p1y));
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my @p2 = ($p2x, $p2y, project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE, $p2x, $p2y));
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# axis of rotation (cross product of P1 and P2)
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my @a = cross(\@p2, \@p1);
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# Figure out how much to rotate around that axis.
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my @d = map { $_ * $_ } (map { $p1[$_] - $p2[$_] } 0 .. $#p1);
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my $t = sqrt(reduce { $a + $b } @d) / (2.0 * TRACKBALLSIZE);
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# Avoid problems with out-of-control values...
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$t = 1.0 if ($t > 1.0);
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$t = -1.0 if ($t < -1.0);
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my $phi = 2.0 * asin($t);
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return axis_to_quat(\@a, $phi);
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# Build a rotation matrix, given a quaternion rotation.
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sub quat_to_rotmatrix {
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$m[0] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (@$q[1] * @$q[1] + @$q[2] * @$q[2]);
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$m[1] = 2.0 * (@$q[0] * @$q[1] - @$q[2] * @$q[3]);
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$m[2] = 2.0 * (@$q[2] * @$q[0] + @$q[1] * @$q[3]);
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$m[4] = 2.0 * (@$q[0] * @$q[1] + @$q[2] * @$q[3]);
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$m[5] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (@$q[2] * @$q[2] + @$q[0] * @$q[0]);
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$m[6] = 2.0 * (@$q[1] * @$q[2] - @$q[0] * @$q[3]);
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$m[8] = 2.0 * (@$q[2] * @$q[0] - @$q[1] * @$q[3]);
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$m[9] = 2.0 * (@$q[1] * @$q[2] + @$q[0] * @$q[3]);
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$m[10] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (@$q[1] * @$q[1] + @$q[0] * @$q[0]);
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return (@$q1[3] * @$rq[0] + @$q1[0] * @$rq[3] + @$q1[1] * @$rq[2] - @$q1[2] * @$rq[1],
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@$q1[3] * @$rq[1] + @$q1[1] * @$rq[3] + @$q1[2] * @$rq[0] - @$q1[0] * @$rq[2],
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@$q1[3] * @$rq[2] + @$q1[2] * @$rq[3] + @$q1[0] * @$rq[1] - @$q1[1] * @$rq[0],
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@$q1[3] * @$rq[3] - @$q1[0] * @$rq[0] - @$q1[1] * @$rq[1] - @$q1[2] * @$rq[2])
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sub handle_rotation {
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if (not defined $self->initpos) {
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$self->initpos($e->GetPosition());
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my $orig = $self->initpos;
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my $new = $e->GetPosition();
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my $size = $self->GetClientSize();
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if (TURNTABLE_MODE) {
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$self->sphi($self->sphi + ($new->x - $orig->x)*TRACKBALLSIZE);
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$self->stheta($self->stheta + ($new->y - $orig->y)*TRACKBALLSIZE); #-
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my @quat = trackball($orig->x / ($size->width / 2) - 1,
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1 - $orig->y / ($size->height / 2), #/
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$new->x / ($size->width / 2) - 1,
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1 - $new->y / ($size->height / 2), #/
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$self->quat(mulquats($self->quat, \@quat));
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$self->initpos($new);
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sub handle_translation {
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if (not defined $self->initpos) {
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$self->initpos($e->GetPosition());
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my $new = $e->GetPosition();
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my $orig = $self->initpos;
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my @orig3d = $self->mouse_to_3d($orig->x, $orig->y); #)()
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my @new3d = $self->mouse_to_3d($new->x, $new->y); #)()
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glTranslatef($new3d[0] - $orig3d[0], $new3d[1] - $orig3d[1], 0);
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$self->initpos($new);
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my ($self, $x, $y) = @_;
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my @viewport = glGetIntegerv_p(GL_VIEWPORT); # 4 items
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my @mview = glGetDoublev_p(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX); # 16 items
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my @proj = glGetDoublev_p(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX); # 16 items
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my @projected = gluUnProject_p($x, $viewport[3] - $y, 1.0, @mview, @proj, @viewport);
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my ($self, $factor, $tox, $toy) = @_;
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glTranslatef($tox, $toy, 0);
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glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
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$self->Zoom($factor);
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glTranslatef(-$tox, -$toy, 0);
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my ($self, $factor) = @_;
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glScalef($factor, $factor, 1);
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if (Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009) {
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return $self->{context} ||= Wx::GLContext->new($self);
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return $self->SUPER::GetContext;
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my ($self, $context) = @_;
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if (Wx::wxVERSION >= 2.009) {
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return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent($context);
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return $self->SUPER::SetCurrent;
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my ($self, $factor) = @_;
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glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
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my $win_size = $self->GetClientSize();
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my $ratio = $factor * min($win_size->width, $win_size->height) / max(@{ $self->object_bounding_box->size });
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glScalef($ratio, $ratio, 1);
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my ($self, $x, $y) = @_;
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return unless $self->GetContext;
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$self->SetCurrent($self->GetContext);
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glViewport(0, 0, $x, $y);
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glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
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glOrtho(-$x/2, $x/2, -$y/2, $y/2, 0.5, 2 * max(@{ $self->object_bounding_box->size }));
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glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
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unless ($self->mview_init) {
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$self->mview_init(1);
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$self->ResetModelView(0.9);
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return if $self->init;
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return unless $self->GetContext;
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glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
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glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
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glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
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glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
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# Settings for our light.
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my @LightPos = (0, 0, 2, 1.0);
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my @LightAmbient = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0);
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my @LightDiffuse = (0.7, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0);
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my @LightSpecular = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1);
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# Enables Smooth Color Shading; try GL_FLAT for (lack of) fun.
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glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
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# Set up a light, turn it on.
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glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, @LightPos);
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glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT, @LightAmbient);
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glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE, @LightDiffuse);
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glLightfv_p(GL_LIGHT1, GL_SPECULAR, @LightSpecular);
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# A handy trick -- have surface material mirror the color.
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glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
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glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
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my ($self, $dc) = @_;
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return unless $self->GetContext;
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$self->SetCurrent($self->GetContext);
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glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
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my $object_size = $self->object_bounding_box->size;
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glTranslatef(0, 0, -max(@$object_size[0..1]));
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my @rotmat = quat_to_rotmatrix($self->quat);
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glMultMatrixd_p(@rotmat[0..15]);
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glRotatef($self->stheta, 1, 0, 0);
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glRotatef($self->sphi, 0, 0, 1);
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my $center = $self->object_bounding_box->center;
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glTranslatef(-$center->x, -$center->y, -$center->z); #,,
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my $axis_len = 2 * max(@{ $object_size });
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# draw line for x axis
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glVertex3f(0, 0, $z0);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, 0, $z0);
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# draw line for y axis
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glVertex3f(0, 0, $z0);
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glVertex3f(0, $axis_len, $z0);
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# draw line for Z axis
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glVertex3f(0, 0, $z0);
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glVertex3f(0, 0, $z0+$axis_len);
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my $ground_z = $z0-0.02;
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glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE);
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glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
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glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 0.5);
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glVertex3f(-$axis_len, -$axis_len, $ground_z);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, -$axis_len, $ground_z);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, $axis_len, $ground_z);
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glVertex3f(-$axis_len, $axis_len, $ground_z);
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glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
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for (my $x = -$axis_len; $x <= $axis_len; $x += 10) {
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glVertex3f($x, -$axis_len, $ground_z);
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glVertex3f($x, $axis_len, $ground_z);
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for (my $y = -$axis_len; $y <= $axis_len; $y += 10) {
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glVertex3f(-$axis_len, $y, $ground_z);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, $y, $ground_z);
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if (defined $self->cutting_plane_z) {
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my $plane_z = $z0 + $self->cutting_plane_z;
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glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE);
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glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
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glColor4f(1, 0.8, 0.8, 0.5);
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glVertex3f(-$axis_len, -$axis_len, $plane_z);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, -$axis_len, $plane_z);
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glVertex3f($axis_len, $axis_len, $plane_z);
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glVertex3f(-$axis_len, $axis_len, $plane_z);
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glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
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$self->SwapBuffers();
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glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
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glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
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glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
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glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
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foreach my $volume (@{$self->volumes}) {
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glVertexPointer_p(3, $volume->{verts});
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glNormalPointer_p($volume->{norms});
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if ($volume->{selected}) {
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glColor4f(@{ &SELECTED_COLOR });
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glColor4f(@{ $volume->{color} });
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glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, $volume->{verts}->elements / 3);
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glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
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glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
added
removed
lib/Slic3r/GUI/PreviewCanvas.pm
