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# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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# This script allows to
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# display processes information with related container name if available.
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our $PS_HEADERS; # String containing headers of the ps output
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our $PS_PID_INDEX; # Index of the PID column in the ps headers
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our @PS_LINES; # Output lines of the ps command
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our $LXC_DISPLAY = 0; # By default do not display container information
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our %LXC_NAMES; # Specified container names (if any)
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sub get_container_names {
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my $ref_names = shift;
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my $lxcpath = '@LXCPATH@';
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open(active, "netstat -xa | grep $lxcpath |") or return;
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s#.*$lxcpath/(.*)/command.*#$1#;
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my $ref_cgroup = shift;
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$mount_string=`mount -t cgroup |grep -E -e '^lxc '`;
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# use the one 'lxc' cgroup mount if it exists
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$$ref_cgroup=`echo "$mount_string" |cut -d' ' -f3`;
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# Otherwise (i.e. cgroup-bin) use the first cgroup mount
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$mount_string=`grep -m1 -E '^[^ \t]+[ \t]+[^ \t]+[ \t]+cgroup' /proc/self/mounts`;
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unless ($mount_string) {
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die "unable to find mounted cgroup" unless $$ref_cgroup;
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$$ref_cgroup=`echo "$mount_string" |cut -d' ' -f2`;
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sub get_pids_in_containers {
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my $ref_names = shift;
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my $ref_cgroup = shift;
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my $init_cgroup = shift;
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my $task_file = "$$ref_cgroup/$init_cgroup/lxc/$_/tasks";
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open(tasks, "cat $task_file 2>/dev/null |") or next;
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$$ref_pids = join(',', @pidlist);
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sub reclaim_pid_index {
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my @headers = split " ", $PS_HEADERS;
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for my $i (0 .. $#headers) {
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if ($headers[$i] eq "PID") {
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print "Cannot find ps PID column !\n";
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open(ps, "ps @_ |") or die "Cannot execute ps command: $!\n";
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sub get_init_cgroup {
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my $filename = "/proc/1/cgroup";
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open(LXC, "$filename");
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foreach ( @cgroup ) {
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# find the container name after :/
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my $filename = "/proc/$pid/cgroup";
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open(LXC, "$filename");
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# read all lines at once
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foreach ( @cgroup ) {
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# find the container name after :/
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# chop off everything up to 'lxc/'
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sub display_headers {
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printf "%-10s %s", "CONTAINER", $PS_HEADERS;
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Usage: lxc-ps [--help] [--usage] [-n|--name NAME...] [--lxc] [-- ps options]
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Display processes information with related container name if available.
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--help Display this help.
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--usage Display the command usage.
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--name Display processes related to given containers.
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Containers are identified by a comma separated list of
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--lxc Display processes related to all lxc containers.
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Other available options correspond to the ps ones, see the ps manual
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or try a 'ps --help' for further details.
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use Getopt::Long qw(:config pass_through);
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my $init_cgroup = '/';
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GetOptions('help' => \$arg_help,
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'usage' => \$arg_usage,
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'name=s' => \@arg_name);
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@arg_name = split(/,/, join(',', @arg_name));
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if ($arg_help) {display_help; exit 0;}
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if ($arg_usage) {display_usage; exit 0;}
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if ($ARGV[0] == '--') {
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# Should we filter processes related to containers
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get_container_names \@arg_name;
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$init_cgroup = get_init_cgroup();
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get_pids_in_containers(\@arg_name, \$cgroup, \$pid_list, $init_cgroup);
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@ARGV = ("-p $pid_list",@ARGV);
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my $container = get_container $a[$PS_PID_INDEX];
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if ($LXC_DISPLAY == 2 and not $LXC_NAMES{$container}) {next;}
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if ($LXC_DISPLAY == 1 and $container eq '') {next;}
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printf "%-10s %s", $container, $_;
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echo "usage: $(basename $0) [--lxc | --name NAME] [--] [PS_OPTIONS...]" >&2
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echo "List current processes with container names." >&2
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echo " --lxc show processes in all containers" >&2
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echo " --name NAME show processes in the specified container" >&2
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echo " (multiple containers can be separated by commas)" >&2
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echo " PS_OPTIONS ps command options (see \`ps --help')" >&2
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local hierarchies hierarchy fields subsystems init_cgroup mountpoint
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# Obtain a list of hierarchies that contain one or more subsystems
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hierarchies=$(tail -n +2 /proc/cgroups | cut -f 2)
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# Iterate through the list until a suitable hierarchy is found
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for hierarchy in $hierarchies; do
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# Obtain information about the init process in the hierarchy
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fields=$(grep -E "^$hierarchy:" /proc/1/cgroup | head -n 1)
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if [ -z "$fields" ]; then continue; fi
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# Get a comma-separated list of the hierarchy's subsystems
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subsystems=${fields%:*}
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# Get the cgroup of the init process in the hierarchy
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init_cgroup=${fields#*:}
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# Get the filesystem mountpoint of the hierarchy
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mountpoint=$(awk -v subsysregex="(^|,)$subsystems(,|\$)" \
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'$3 == "cgroup" && $4 ~ subsysregex {print $2}' /proc/self/mounts)
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if [ -z "$mountpoint" ]; then continue; fi
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# Return the absolute path to the containers' parent cgroup
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# (do not append '/lxc' if the hierarchy contains the 'ns' subsystem)
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case ",$subsystems," in
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*,ns,*) parent_cgroup="${mountpoint}${init_cgroup%/}";;
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*) parent_cgroup="${mountpoint}${init_cgroup%/}/lxc";;
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list_container_processes=0
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containers=$2; list_container_processes=1; shift 2;;
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list_container_processes=1; shift;;
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if [ "$list_container_processes" -eq "1" ]; then
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if [ ! -d "$parent_cgroup" ]; then
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echo "$(basename $0): no cgroup mount point found" >&2
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if [ -z "$containers" ]; then
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containers="$(find $parent_cgroup -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d 2>/dev/null | sed 's:.*/::')"
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container_field_width=9
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for container in ${containers}; do
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if [ "${#container}" -gt "$container_field_width" ]; then
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container_field_width=${#container}
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if [ -f "$parent_cgroup/$container/tasks" ]; then
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tasks_files="$tasks_files $parent_cgroup/$container/tasks"
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# first file is stdin, the rest are the container tasks
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ps "$@" | awk -v container_field_width="$container_field_width" \
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-v list_container_processes="$list_container_processes" '
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# first line is PS header
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# find pid field index
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for (i = 1; i<=NF; i++)
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print("No PID field found") > "/dev/stderr"
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# store lines from ps with pid as index
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pid_of_line[NR] = $pididx
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# find container name from filename on first line
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sub(/\/tasks/, "", container)
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sub(/.*\//, "", container)
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container_of_pid[$0] = container
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printf("%-" container_field_width "s %s\n", "CONTAINER", header)
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container = container_of_pid[pid_of_line[i]]
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if (list_container_processes == 0 || container != "")
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printf("%-" container_field_width "s %s\n", container, ps_line[i])
added
removed
src/lxc/lxc-ps.in
