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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>systemd-journalctl</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" title="systemd-journalctl"><a name="systemd-journalctl"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>systemd-journalctl — Query the systemd journal</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv" title="Synopsis"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">systemd-journalctl [OPTIONS...] [MATCH]</code> </p></div></div><div class="refsect1" title="Description"><a name="id571330"></a><h2>Description</h2><p><span class="command"><strong>systemd-journalctl</strong></span> may be
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used to query the contents of the
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<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd</span>(1)</span>
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journal.</p><p>If called without parameter will show the full
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contents of the journal, starting with the oldest
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entry collected.</p><p>If a match argument is passed the output is
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filtered accordingly. A match is in the format
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<code class="literal">FIELD=VALUE</code>,
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e.g. <code class="literal">_SYSTEMD_UNIT=httpd.service</code>.</p><p>Output is interleaved from all accessible
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journal files, whether they are rotated or currently
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being written, and regardless whether they belong to the
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system itself or are accessible user journals.</p><p>All users are granted access to their private
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per-user journals. However, by default only root and
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users who are members of the <code class="literal">adm</code>
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group get access to the system journal and the
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journals of other users.</p></div><div class="refsect1" title="Options"><a name="id571389"></a><h2>Options</h2><p>The following options are understood:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--help</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-h</code></span></dt><dd><p>Prints a short help
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text and exits.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--version</code></span></dt><dd><p>Prints a short version
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string and exits.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-pager</code></span></dt><dd><p>Do not pipe output into a
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pager.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--all</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-a</code></span></dt><dd><p>Show all fields in
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full, even if they include unprintable
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characters or are very
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long.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--follow</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-f</code></span></dt><dd><p>Show only most recent
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journal entries, and continously print
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new entries as they are appended to
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the journal.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--lines=</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-n</code></span></dt><dd><p>Controls the number of
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journal lines to show, counting from
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the most recent ones. Takes a positive
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integer argument. In follow mode
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defaults to 10, otherwise is unset
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thus not limiting how many lines are
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shown.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-tail</code></span></dt><dd><p>Show all stored output
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lines, even in follow mode. Undoes the
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<code class="option">--lines=</code>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--output=</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-o</code></span></dt><dd><p>Controls the
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formatting of the journal entries that are
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<code class="literal">short</code>,
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<code class="literal">short-monotonic</code>,
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<code class="literal">verbose</code>,
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<code class="literal">export</code>,
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<code class="literal">json</code>,
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<code class="literal">cat</code>. <code class="literal">short</code>
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is the default and generates an output
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that is mostly identical to the
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formatting of classic syslog log
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files, showing one line per journal
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entry. <code class="literal">short-monotonic</code>
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is very similar but shows monotonic
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timestamps instead of wallclock
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timestamps. <code class="literal">verbose</code>
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shows the full structered entry items
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fiels. <code class="literal">export</code>
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serializes the journal into a binary
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(but mostly text-based) stream
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suitable for backups and network
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transfer. <code class="literal">json</code>
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formats entries as JSON data
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structures. <code class="literal">cat</code>
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generates a very terse output only
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showing the actual message of each
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journal entry with no meta data, not
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even a timestamp.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--quiet</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="option">-q</code></span></dt><dd><p>Suppresses any warning
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message regarding inaccessable system
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journals when run as normal
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user.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--new-id128</code></span></dt><dd><p>Instead of showing
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journal contents generate a new 128
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bit ID suitable for identifying
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messages. This is intended for usage
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by developers who need a new
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identifier for a new message they
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introduce and want to make
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recognizable. Will print the new ID in
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three different formats which can be
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copied into source code or
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similar.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" title="Exit status"><a name="id539113"></a><h2>Exit status</h2><p>On success 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
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code otherwise.</p></div><div class="refsect1" title="Environment"><a name="id539124"></a><h2>Environment</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="varname">$SYSTEMD_PAGER</code></span></dt><dd><p>Pager to use when
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<code class="option">--no-pager</code> is not given;
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overrides <code class="varname">$PAGER</code>. Setting
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this to an empty string or the value
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<code class="literal">cat</code> is equivalent to passing
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<code class="option">--no-pager</code>.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" title="See Also"><a name="id539163"></a><h2>See Also</h2><p>
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<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd</span>(1)</span>,
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<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemctl</span>(1)</span>,
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<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd-journald.conf</span>(5)</span>
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</p></div></div></body></html>
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