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/* s_tanl.c -- long double version of s_tan.c.
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* Conversion to IEEE quad long double by Jakub Jelinek, jj@ultra.linux.cz.
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/* @(#)s_tan.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
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* ====================================================
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* Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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* Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
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* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
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* software is freely granted, provided that this notice
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* ====================================================
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* Return tangent function of x.
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* __kernel_tanl ... tangent function on [-pi/4,pi/4]
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* __ieee754_rem_pio2l ... argument reduction routine
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* Let S,C and T denote the sin, cos and tan respectively on
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* [-PI/4, +PI/4]. Reduce the argument x to y1+y2 = x-k*pi/2
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* in [-pi/4 , +pi/4], and let n = k mod 4.
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* n sin(x) cos(x) tan(x)
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* ----------------------------------------------------------
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* ----------------------------------------------------------
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* Let trig be any of sin, cos, or tan.
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* trig(+-INF) is NaN, with signals;
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* trig(NaN) is that NaN;
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* TRIG(x) returns trig(x) nearly rounded
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* ====================================================
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* Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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* Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
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* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
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* software is freely granted, provided that this notice
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* ====================================================
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Long double expansions contributed by
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Stephen L. Moshier <moshier@na-net.ornl.gov>
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/* __kernel_tanl( x, y, k )
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* kernel tan function on [-pi/4, pi/4], pi/4 ~ 0.7854
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* Input x is assumed to be bounded by ~pi/4 in magnitude.
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* Input y is the tail of x.
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* Input k indicates whether tan (if k=1) or
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* -1/tan (if k= -1) is returned.
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* 1. Since tan(-x) = -tan(x), we need only to consider positive x.
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* 2. if x < 2^-57, return x with inexact if x!=0.
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* 3. tan(x) is approximated by a rational form x + x^3 / 3 + x^5 R(x^2)
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* Note: tan(x+y) = tan(x) + tan'(x)*y
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* ~ tan(x) + (1+x*x)*y
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* Therefore, for better accuracy in computing tan(x+y), let
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* tan(x+y) = x + (x^3 / 3 + (x^2 *(r+y)+y))
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* 4. For x in [0.67433,pi/4], let y = pi/4 - x, then
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* tan(x) = tan(pi/4-y) = (1-tan(y))/(1+tan(y))
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* = 1 - 2*(tan(y) - (tan(y)^2)/(1+tan(y)))
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static const long double
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pio4hi = 7.8539816339744830961566084581987569936977E-1L,
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pio4lo = 2.1679525325309452561992610065108379921906E-35L,
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/* tan x = x + x^3 / 3 + x^5 T(x^2)/U(x^2)
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0 <= x <= 0.6743316650390625
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Peak relative error 8.0e-36 */
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TH = 3.333333333333333333333333333333333333333E-1L,
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T0 = -1.813014711743583437742363284336855889393E7L,
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T1 = 1.320767960008972224312740075083259247618E6L,
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T2 = -2.626775478255838182468651821863299023956E4L,
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T3 = 1.764573356488504935415411383687150199315E2L,
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T4 = -3.333267763822178690794678978979803526092E-1L,
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U0 = -1.359761033807687578306772463253710042010E8L,
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U1 = 6.494370630656893175666729313065113194784E7L,
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U2 = -4.180787672237927475505536849168729386782E6L,
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U3 = 8.031643765106170040139966622980914621521E4L,
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U4 = -5.323131271912475695157127875560667378597E2L;
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/* 1.000000000000000000000000000000000000000E0 */
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kernel_tanl (long double x, long double y, int iy)
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long double z, r, v, w, s, u, u1;
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if (x < 0.000000000000000006938893903907228377647697925567626953125L) /* x < 2**-57 */
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{ /* generate inexact */
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if (iy == -1 && x == 0.0)
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return 1.0L / fabs (x);
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return (iy == 1) ? x : -1.0L / x;
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if (x >= 0.6743316650390625) /* |x| >= 0.6743316650390625 */
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r = T0 + z * (T1 + z * (T2 + z * (T3 + z * T4)));
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v = U0 + z * (U1 + z * (U2 + z * (U3 + z * (U4 + z))));
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r = y + z * (s * r + y);
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v = (long double) iy;
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w = (v - 2.0 * (x - (w * w / (w + v) - r)));
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{ /* if allow error up to 2 ulp,
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simply return -1.0/(x+r) here */
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/* compute -1.0/(x+r) accurately */
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return u + z * (s + u * v);
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long double y[2], z = 0.0L;
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/* tanl(NaN) is NaN */
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if (x >= -0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 &&
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x <= 0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492)
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return kernel_tanl (x, z, 1);
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/* tanl(Inf) is NaN, tanl(0) is 0 */
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return x - x; /* NaN */
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/* argument reduction needed */
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n = ieee754_rem_pio2l (x, y);
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/* 1 -- n even, -1 -- n odd */
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return kernel_tanl (y[0], y[1], 1 - ((n & 1) << 1));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(-0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 *3));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(-0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 *31));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 / 2));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 * 3/2));
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printf ("%.16Lg\n", tanl(0.7853981633974483096156608458198757210492 * 5/2));