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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
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<chapter id="ClientConfig">
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<title>MS Windows Network Configuration Guide</title>
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<title>Features and Benefits</title>
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<indexterm><primary>network difficulty</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>network client</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>client client instructions</primary></indexterm>
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Occasionally network administrators report difficulty getting Microsoft Windows clients to interoperate
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correctly with Samba servers. It seems that some folks just cannot accept the fact that the right way
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to configure an MS Windows network client is precisely as one would do when using MS Windows NT4 or 200x
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servers. Yet there is repetitious need to provide detailed Windows client configuration instructions.
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<indexterm><primary>graphically illustrated client configuration</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>critical aspects of configuration</primary></indexterm>
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The purpose of this chapter is to graphically illustrate MS Windows client configuration for the most common
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critical aspects of such configuration. An experienced network administrator will not be interested in the
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details of this chapter.
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<title>Technical Details</title>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP protocol configuration</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>network membership</primary></indexterm>
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This chapter discusses TCP/IP protocol configuration as well as network membership for the platforms
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that are in common use today. These are:
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Microsoft Windows XP Professional
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Windows 2000 Professional
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Windows Millennium edition (Me)
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<title>TCP/IP Configuration</title>
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<indexterm><primary>network configuration problems</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>plague network users</primary></indexterm>
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The builder of a house must ensure that all construction takes place on a firm foundation.
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The same is true for the builder of a TCP/IP-based networking system. Fundamental network configuration problems
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will plague all network users until they are resolved.
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<indexterm><primary>fixed IP addresses</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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MS Windows workstations and servers can be configured either with fixed
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IP addresses or via DHCP. The examples that follow demonstrate the use of DHCP
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and make only passing reference to those situations where fixed IP configuration
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settings can be effected.
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<indexterm><primary>shortcuts</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>abbreviated keystrokes</primary></indexterm>
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It is possible to use shortcuts or abbreviated keystrokes to arrive at a
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particular configuration screen. The decision was made to base all examples in this
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chapter on use of the <guibutton>Start</guibutton> button.
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<title>MS Windows XP Professional</title>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows XP TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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There are two paths to the Windows XP TCP/IP configuration panel. Choose the access method that you prefer:
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Click <guimenu>Start -> Control Panel -> Network Connections</guimenu>.
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<emphasis>Alternately,</emphasis> click <guimenu>Start -></guimenu>, and right-click <guimenu>My Network Places</guimenu>
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then select <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>.
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<indexterm><primary>Windows XP Professional</primary></indexterm>
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The following procedure steps through the Windows XP Professional TCP/IP configuration process:
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<indexterm><primary>Local Area Connection</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>Network Bridge</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>interface</primary></indexterm>
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On some installations the interface will be called <guimenu>Local Area Connection</guimenu> and
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on others it will be called <guimenu>Network Bridge</guimenu>. On our system it is called <guimenu>Network Bridge</guimenu>.
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Right-click on <guimenu>Network Bridge -> Properties</guimenu>. See <link linkend="WXPP002"/>.
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<figure id="WXPP002"><title>Network Bridge Configuration.</title><imagefile>WXPP002</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP protocol settings</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>Network Bridge Configuration</primary></indexterm>
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The Network Bridge Configuration, or Local Area Connection, panel is used to set TCP/IP protocol settings.
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In <guimenuitem>This connection uses the following items:</guimenuitem> box,
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click on <guimenu>Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)</guimenu>, then click on <guibutton>Properties</guibutton>.
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP-enabled operation</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>IP address automatically</primary></indexterm>
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The default setting is DHCP-enabled operation
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(i.e., <quote>Obtain an IP address automatically</quote>). See <link linkend="WXPP003"/>.
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<figure id="WXPP003">
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<title>Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties.</title>
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<imagefile>WXPP003</imagefile>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>ISC DHCP server</primary></indexterm>
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Many network administrators will want to use DHCP to configure all client TCP/IP
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protocol stack settings. (For information on how to configure the ISC DHCP server
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for Windows client support see <link linkend="DHCP">the DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</link>,
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<link linkend="DHCP">DHCP Server</link>.
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<indexterm><primary>fixed IP address</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>subnet mask</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>gateway address</primary></indexterm>
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If it is necessary to provide a fixed IP address, click on <quote>Use the following IP address</quote> and enter the
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IP Address, the subnet mask, and the default gateway address in the boxes provided.
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<indexterm><primary>Advanced TCP/IP configuration</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP configuration</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>IP aliases</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>default gateways</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guibutton>Advanced</guibutton> button to proceed with TCP/IP configuration.
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This opens a panel in which it is possible to create additional IP addresses for this interface.
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The technical name for the additional addresses is <emphasis>IP aliases</emphasis>, and additionally this
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panel permits the setting of more default gateways (routers). In most cases where DHCP is used, it will not be
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necessary to create additional settings. See <link linkend="WXPP005"></link> to see the appearance of this panel.
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<figure id="WXPP005"><title>Advanced Network Settings</title><imagefile>WXPP005</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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Fixed settings may be required for DNS and WINS if these settings are not provided automatically via DHCP.
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<indexterm><primary>DNS server settings</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>manually configured DNS settings</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guimenu>DNS</guimenu> tab to add DNS server settings.
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The example system uses manually configured DNS settings. When finished making changes, click the
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<guibutton>OK</guibutton> to commit the settings. See <link linkend="WXPP014"/>.
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<figure id="WXPP014"> <title>DNS Configuration.</title> <imagefile>WXPP014</imagefile> </figure>
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>manual WINS server entries</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guibutton>WINS</guibutton> tab to add manual WINS server entries.
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This step demonstrates an example system that uses manually configured WINS settings.
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When finished making changes, click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to commit
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the settings. See <link linkend="WXPP009"></link>.
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<figure id="WXPP009"><title>WINS Configuration</title><imagefile>WXPP009</imagefile></figure>
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<title>MS Windows 2000</title>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows 2000 Professional TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP configuration panel</primary></indexterm>
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There are two paths to the Windows 2000 Professional TCP/IP configuration panel. Choose the access method that you prefer:
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Click <guimenu>Start -> Control Panel -> Network and Dial-up Connections</guimenu>.
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<emphasis>Alternatively,</emphasis> click <guimenu>Start</guimenu>, then right-click <guimenu>My Network Places</guimenu>, and
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select <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>.
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<indexterm><primary>Windows XP Professional TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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The following procedure steps through the Windows XP Professional TCP/IP configuration process:
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Right-click on <guimenu>Local Area Connection</guimenu>, then click
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<guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>. See <link linkend="w2kp001"></link>.
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<figure id="w2kp001"><title>Local Area Connection Properties.</title><imagefile>w2kp001</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Local Area Connection Properties</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP protocol settings</primary></indexterm>
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The Local Area Connection Properties is used to set TCP/IP protocol settings. Click on
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<guimenu>Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)</guimenu> in the <guimenuitem>Components checked are used by this
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connection:</guimenuitem> box, then click the <guibutton>Properties</guibutton> button.
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP-enabled</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>IP address automatically</primary></indexterm>
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The default setting is DHCP-enabled operation
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(i.e., <quote>Obtain an IP address automatically</quote>). See <link linkend="w2kp002"/>.
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<figure id="w2kp002"><title>Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties.</title><imagefile>w2kp002</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>protocol stack settings</primary></indexterm>
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Many network administrators will want to use DHCP to configure all client TCP/IP
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protocol stack settings. (For information on how to configure the ISC DHCP server
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for Windows client support, see, <link linkend="DHCP"></link>.
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<indexterm><primary>fixed IP address</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>network clients</primary></indexterm>
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If it is necessary to provide a fixed IP address, click on <quote>Use the following IP address</quote> and enter the
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IP Address, the subnet mask, and the default gateway address in the boxes provided.
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For this example we are assuming that all network clients will be configured using DHCP.
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Click the <guimenu>Advanced</guimenu> button to proceed with TCP/IP configuration.
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Refer to <link linkend="w2kp003"></link>.
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<figure id="w2kp003"><title>Advanced Network Settings.</title><imagefile>w2kp003</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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Fixed settings may be required for DNS and WINS if these settings are not provided automatically via DHCP.
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<indexterm><primary>DNS server settings</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>commit the settings</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guimenu>DNS</guimenu> tab to add DNS server settings.
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The example system uses manually configured DNS settings. When finished making changes,
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click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to commit the settings. See <link linkend="w2kp004"></link>.
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<figure id="w2kp004"><title>DNS Configuration.</title><imagefile>w2kp004</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>manual WINS server entries</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guibutton>WINS</guibutton> tab to add manual WINS server entries.
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This step demonstrates an example system that uses manually configured WINS settings.
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When finished making changes, click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to commit the settings.
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See <link linkend="w2kp005"></link>.
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<figure id="w2kp005">
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<title>WINS Configuration.</title><imagefile>w2kp005</imagefile>
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<title>MS Windows Me</title>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows Millennium edition (Me) TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows Millennium</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP configuration</primary></indexterm>
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There are two paths to the Windows Millennium edition (Me) TCP/IP configuration panel. Choose the access method that you prefer:
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Click <guimenu>Start -> Control Panel -> Network Connections</guimenu>.
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<indexterm><primary>My Network Places</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>Properties</primary></indexterm>
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<emphasis>Alternatively,</emphasis> click on <guimenu>Start -></guimenu>, and right click on <guimenu>My Network Places</guimenu>
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then select <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>.
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<indexterm><primary>Windows Me TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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The following procedure steps through the Windows Me TCP/IP configuration process:
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<indexterm><primary>Internet Protocol TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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In the box labeled <guimenuitem>The following network components are installed:</guimenuitem>,
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click on <guimenu>Internet Protocol TCP/IP</guimenu>, then click on the <guibutton>Properties</guibutton> button.
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See <link linkend="WME001"></link>.
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<title>The Windows Me Network Configuration Panel.</title>
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<imagefile>WME001</imagefile>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>ISC DHCP server</primary></indexterm>
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Many network administrators will want to use DHCP to configure all client TCP/IP
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protocol stack settings. (For information on how to configure the ISC DHCP server
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for Windows client support see <link linkend="DHCP">the DNS and DHCP Configuration Guide</link>,
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<link linkend="DHCP">DHCP Server</link>. The default setting on Windows Me workstations is for DHCP-enabled operation
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(i.e., <guimenu>Obtain IP address automatically</guimenu> is enabled). See <link linkend="WME002"></link>.
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<figure id="WME002"><title>IP Address.</title><imagefile>WME002</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Specify an IP address</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>subnet mask</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>DHCP</primary></indexterm>
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If it is necessary to provide a fixed IP address, click on <guimenuitem>Specify an IP address</guimenuitem> and enter the
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IP Address and the subnet mask in the boxes provided. For this example we are assuming that all
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network clients will be configured using DHCP.
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<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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Fixed settings may be required for DNS and WINS if these settings are not provided automatically via DHCP.
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<indexterm><primary>WINS server settings</primary></indexterm>
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If necessary, click the <guimenu>DNS Configuration</guimenu> tab to add DNS server settings.
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Click the <guibutton>WINS Configuration</guibutton> tab to add WINS server settings.
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The <guimenu>Gateway</guimenu> tab allows additional gateways (router addresses) to be added to the network
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interface settings. In most cases where DHCP is used, it will not be necessary to
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create these manual settings.
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<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>manually configured</primary></indexterm>
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The following example uses manually configured WINS settings. See <link linkend="WME005"></link>.
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When finished making changes, click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to commit the settings.
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<figure id="WME005"><title>DNS Configuration.</title><imagefile>WME005</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>single DHCP server</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>multiple Windows workgroups or domains</primary></indexterm>
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This is an example of a system that uses manually configured WINS settings. One situation where
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this might apply is on a network that has a single DHCP server that provides settings for multiple
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Windows workgroups or domains. See <link linkend="WME003"></link>.
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<figure id="WME003"><title>WINS Configuration.</title><imagefile>WME003</imagefile></figure>
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<title>Joining a Domain: Windows 2000/XP Professional</title>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows NT/200x/XP Professional</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain security</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain member</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain joining</primary></indexterm>
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Microsoft Windows NT/200x/XP Professional platforms can participate in domain security.
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This section steps through the process for making a Windows 200x/XP Professional machine a
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member of a domain security environment. It should be noted that this process is identical
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when joining a domain that is controlled by Windows NT4/200x as well as a Samba PDC.
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Click <guimenu>Start</guimenu>.
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Right-click <guimenu>My Computer</guimenu>, then select <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>.
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<indexterm><primary>Control Panel</primary></indexterm>
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The opening panel is the same one that can be reached by clicking <guimenu>System</guimenu> on the Control Panel.
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See <link linkend="wxpp001"></link>.
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<figure id="wxpp001"><title>The General Panel.</title><imagefile>wxpp001</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Computer Name</primary></indexterm>
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Click the <guimenu>Computer Name</guimenu> tab.
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This panel shows the <guimenuitem>Computer Description</guimenuitem>, the <guimenuitem>Full computer name</guimenuitem>,
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and the <guimenuitem>Workgroup</guimenuitem> or <guimenuitem>Domain name</guimenuitem>.
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<indexterm><primary>Network ID</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>configuration wizard</primary></indexterm>
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Clicking the <guimenu>Network ID</guimenu> button will launch the configuration wizard. Do not use this with
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Samba-3. If you wish to change the computer name or join or leave the domain, click the <guimenu>Change</guimenu> button.
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See <link linkend="wxpp004"></link>.
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<figure id="wxpp004"><title>The Computer Name Panel.</title><imagefile>wxpp004</imagefile></figure>
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Click on <guimenu>Change</guimenu>. This panel shows that our example machine (TEMPTATION) is in a workgroup called WORKGROUP.
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We will join the domain called MIDEARTH. See <link linkend="wxpp006"></link>.
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<figure id="wxpp006"><title>The Computer Name Changes Panel.</title><imagefile>wxpp006</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>domain radio button</primary></indexterm>
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Enter the name <guimenu>MIDEARTH</guimenu> in the field below the domain radio button.
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This panel shows that our example machine (TEMPTATION) is set to join the domain called MIDEARTH. See <link linkend="wxpp007"></link>.
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<figure id="wxpp007"><title>The Computer Name Changes Panel &smbmdash; Domain MIDEARTH.</title><imagefile>wxpp007</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>credentials</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>username and password</primary></indexterm>
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Now click the <guimenu>OK</guimenu> button. A dialog box should appear to allow you to provide the
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credentials (username and password) of a domain administrative account that has the rights to add machines to
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<indexterm><primary>root</primary></indexterm>
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Enter the name <quote>root</quote> and the root password from your Samba-3 server. See <link linkend="wxpp008"></link>.
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<figure id="wxpp008">
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<title>Computer Name Changes &smbmdash; Username and Password Panel.</title><imagefile>wxpp008</imagefile>
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Click on <guimenu>OK</guimenu>.
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<indexterm><primary>Welcome</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>rebooted</primary></indexterm>
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The <quote>Welcome to the MIDEARTH domain.</quote> dialog box should appear. At this point the machine must be rebooted.
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Joining the domain is now complete.
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<title>Domain Logon Configuration: Windows 9x/Me</title>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows 9x/Me</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain logon</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>LanManager</primary></indexterm>
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We follow the convention used by most in saying that Windows 9x/Me machines can participate in domain logons. The truth is
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that these platforms can use only the LanManager network logon protocols.
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<indexterm><primary>Windows XP Home edition</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>LanManager</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>network logon</primary></indexterm>
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Windows XP Home edition cannot participate in domain or LanManager network logons.
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Right-click on the <guimenu>Network Neighborhood</guimenu> icon.
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The Network Configuration Panel allows all common network settings to be changed.
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See <link linkend="WME009"></link>.
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<figure id="WME009"><title>The Network Panel.</title><imagefile>WME009</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Client for Microsoft Networks</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>Properties</primary></indexterm>
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Make sure that the <guimenu>Client for Microsoft Networks</guimenu> driver is installed as shown.
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Click on the <guimenu>Client for Microsoft Networks</guimenu> entry in <guimenu>The following network
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components are installed:</guimenu> box. Then click the <guibutton>Properties</guibutton> button.
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<indexterm><primary>Networks Properties</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>network logon</primary></indexterm>
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The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties panel is the correct location to configure network logon
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settings. See <link linkend="WME010"></link>.
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<figure id="WME010"><title>Client for Microsoft Networks Properties Panel.</title><imagefile>WME010</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows NT domain name</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain name</primary></indexterm>
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Enter the Windows NT domain name, check the <guimenu>Log on to Windows NT domain</guimenu> box,
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and click <guimenu>OK</guimenu>.
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<indexterm><primary>Identification</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>workgroup</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>computer name</primary></indexterm>
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Click on the <guimenu>Identification</guimenu> button. This is the location at which the workgroup
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(domain) name and the machine name (computer name) need to be set. See <link linkend="WME013"></link>.
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<figure id="WME013"><title>Identification Panel.</title><imagefile>WME013</imagefile></figure>
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<indexterm><primary>Access Control</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>group accounts</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>domain user</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>User-level access control</primary></indexterm>
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Now click the <guimenu>Access Control</guimenu> button. If you want to be able to assign share access
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permissions using domain user and group accounts, it is necessary to enable
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<guimenu>User-level access control</guimenu> as shown in this panel. See <link linkend="WME014"></link>.
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<figure id="WME014"><title>Access Control Panel.</title><imagefile>WME014</imagefile></figure>
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<title>Common Errors</title>
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<indexterm><primary>networking systems</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>errors that can afflict</primary></indexterm>
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The most common errors that can afflict Windows networking systems include:
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<listitem><para>Incorrect IP address.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Incorrect or inconsistent netmasks.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Incorrect router address.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Incorrect DNS server address.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Incorrect WINS server address.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Use of a Network Scope setting &smbmdash; watch out for this one!</para></listitem>
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<indexterm><primary>Windows NT/200x/XP Professional</primary></indexterm>
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<indexterm><primary>cannot join domain</primary></indexterm>
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The most common reasons for which a Windows NT/200x/XP Professional client cannot join the Samba controlled domain are:
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<listitem><para>&smb.conf; does not have correct <smbconfoption name="add machine script"/> settings.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><quote>root</quote> account is not in password backend database.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Attempt to use a user account instead of the <quote>root</quote> account to join a machine to the domain.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Open connections from the workstation to the server.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Firewall or filter configurations in place on either the client or the Samba server.</para></listitem>