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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.0"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="introduction.html" title="Part�I.�General Installation"><link rel="prev" href="introduction.html" title="Part�I.�General Installation"><link rel="next" href="FastStart.html" title="Chapter�2.�Fast Start: Cure for Impatience"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="introduction.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�I.�General Installation</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="FastStart.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Karl</span> <span class="surname">Auer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a href="mailto:kauer@biplane.com.au">kauer@biplane.com.au</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id318133">Obtaining and Installing Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id318175">Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id318217">Configuration File Syntax</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#tdbdocs">TDB Database File Information</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id319134">Starting Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id319314">Example Configuration</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id319736">SWAT</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id319789">List Shares Available on the Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id319839">Connect with a UNIX Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id319936">Connect from a Remote SMB Client</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id320014">What If Things Don't Work?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id320052">Still Stuck?</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id320080">Common Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id320090">Large Number of smbd Processes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id320178">Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id320208">“<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span></span>”</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id318133"></a>Obtaining and Installing Samba</h2></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id318141"></a>
1
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.73.2"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.2.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="introduction.html" title="Part�I.�General Installation"><link rel="prev" href="introduction.html" title="Part�I.�General Installation"><link rel="next" href="FastStart.html" title="Chapter�2.�Fast Start: Cure for Impatience"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="introduction.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�I.�General Installation</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="FastStart.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter�1.�How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Karl</span> <span class="surname">Auer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:kauer@biplane.com.au">kauer@biplane.com.au</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id341745">Obtaining and Installing Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id341784">Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id341822">Configuration File Syntax</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#tdbdocs">TDB Database File Information</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id342668">Starting Samba</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id342835">Example Configuration</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343214">SWAT</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id343263">List Shares Available on the Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id343310">Connect with a UNIX Client</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id343396">Connect from a Remote SMB Client</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343468">What If Things Don't Work?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343501">Still Stuck?</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="install.html#id343527">Common Errors</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343536">Large Number of smbd Processes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343615">Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="install.html#id343643">“<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span></span>”</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id341745"></a>Obtaining and Installing Samba</h2></div></div></div><p>
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Binary packages of Samba are included in almost any Linux or UNIX distribution. There are also some
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packages available at <a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">the Samba home page</a>. Refer to the manual of your
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packages available at <a class="ulink" href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">the Samba home page</a>. Refer to the manual of your
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operating system for details on installing packages for your specific operating system.
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If you need to compile Samba from source, check <a href="compiling.html" title="Chapter�41.�How to Compile Samba">How to Compile Samba</a>.
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</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id318175"></a>Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</h2></div></div></div><p>
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If you need to compile Samba from source, check <a class="link" href="compiling.html" title="Chapter�41.�How to Compile Samba">How to Compile Samba</a>.
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</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id341784"></a>Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</h2></div></div></div><p>
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Samba's configuration is stored in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file, which usually resides in
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<code class="filename">/etc/samba/smb.conf</code> or <code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</code>. You can either
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edit this file yourself or do it using one of the many graphical tools that are available, such as the
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Web-based interface SWAT, that is included with Samba.
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</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id318217"></a>Configuration File Syntax</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id318225"></a>
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</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id341822"></a>Configuration File Syntax</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file uses the same syntax as the various old <code class="filename">.ini</code> files in Windows
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3.1: Each file consists of various sections, which are started by putting the section name between brackets
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(<code class="literal">[]</code>) on a new line. Each contains zero or more key/value pairs separated by an equality
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sign (<code class="literal">=</code>). The file is just a plaintext file, so you can open and edit it with your favorite
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Each section in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file represents either a share or a meta-service on the Samba server. The
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section <code class="literal">[global]</code> is special, since it contains settings that apply to the whole Samba
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server. Samba supports a number of meta-services, each of which serves its own purpose. For example, the
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and that specifies the location of the intermediate spool directory into which print jobs are received
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from Windows clients prior to being dispatched to the UNIX/Linux print spooler.
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The <code class="literal">printers</code> meta-service will cause every printer that is either specified in a
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<code class="literal">printcap</code> file, via the <code class="literal">lpstat</code>, or via the CUPS API, to be
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published as a shared print queue. The <code class="literal">printers</code> stanza in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file can
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available as Windows print queues. If a <code class="literal">comment</code> parameter is specified, the value
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of it will be displayed as part of the printer name in Windows Explorer browse lists.
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Each section of the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file that specifies a share, or a meta-service, is called a stanza.
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The <code class="literal">global</code> stanza specifies settings that affect all the other stanzas in the
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<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file. Configuration parameters are documented in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> man page. Some parameters
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can be used only in the <code class="literal">global</code> stanza, some only in share or meta-service stanzas,
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and some can be used globally or just within a share or meta-service stanza.
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<a href="install.html#smbconfminimal" title="Example�1.1.�A minimal smb.conf">A minimal smb.conf</a> contains a very minimal <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>.
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</p><div class="example"><a name="smbconfminimal"></a><p class="title"><b>Example�1.1.�A minimal smb.conf</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id318522"></a><em class="parameter"><code>workgroup = WKG</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id318535"></a><em class="parameter"><code>netbios name = MYNAME</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[share1]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id318557"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /tmp</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[share2]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id318578"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /my_shared_folder</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id318590"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = Some random files</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="tdbdocs"></a>TDB Database File Information</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342051"></a>
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<a class="link" href="install.html#smbconfminimal" title="Example�1.1.�A minimal smb.conf">A minimal smb.conf</a> contains a very minimal <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342070"></a>
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</p><div class="example"><a name="smbconfminimal"></a><p class="title"><b>Example�1.1.�A minimal smb.conf</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342098"></a><em class="parameter"><code>workgroup = WKG</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342109"></a><em class="parameter"><code>netbios name = MYNAME</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[share1]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342127"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /tmp</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[share2]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342146"></a><em class="parameter"><code>path = /my_shared_folder</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342157"></a><em class="parameter"><code>comment = Some random files</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="tdbdocs"></a>TDB Database File Information</h3></div></div></div><p>
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This section contains brief descriptions of the databases that are used by Samba-3.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342183"></a>
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The directory in which Samba stores the tdb files is determined by compile-time directives. Samba-3 stores
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tdb files in two locations. The best way to determine these locations is to execute the following
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Therefore the remaining control files will, in the example shown, be stored in the
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<code class="filename">/var/lib/samba</code> directory.
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The persistent tdb files are described in <a href="install.html#tdbpermfiledesc" title="Table�1.1.�Persistent TDB File Descriptions">the Persistent TDB File
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342229"></a>
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The persistent tdb files are described in <a class="link" href="install.html#tdbpermfiledesc" title="Table�1.1.�Persistent TDB File Descriptions">the Persistent TDB File
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Descriptions table</a>. All persistent tdb files should be regularly backed up. Use the
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<code class="literal">tdbbackup</code> utility to backup the tdb files. All persistent tdb files must be
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preserved during machine migrations, updates and upgrades.
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The temporary tdb files do not need to be backed up, nor do they need to be preseved across machine
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migrations, updates or upgrades. The temporary tdb files are described in <a href="install.html#tdbtempfiledesc" title="Table�1.2.�Temporary TDB File Descriptions">
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migrations, updates or upgrades. The temporary tdb files are described in <a class="link" href="install.html#tdbtempfiledesc" title="Table�1.2.�Temporary TDB File Descriptions">
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the Temporary TDB File Descriptions</a>.
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</p><div class="table"><a name="tdbpermfiledesc"></a><p class="title"><b>Table�1.1.�Persistent TDB File Descriptions</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Persistent TDB File Descriptions" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Name</th><th align="justify">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">account_policy</td><td align="justify"><p>Samba/NT account policy settings, includes password expiration settings.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">group_mapping</td><td align="justify"><p>Mapping table from Windows groups/SID to UNIX groups.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">ntdrivers</td><td align="justify"><p>Stores per-printer installed driver information.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">ntforms</td><td align="justify"><p>Stores per-printer installed forms information.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">ntprinters</td><td align="justify"><p>Stores the per-printer devmode configuration settings.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">passdb</td><td align="justify"><p>
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Exists only when the tdbsam passwd backend is used. This file stores the
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This file stores the Workgroup/Domain/Machine SID, the LDAP directory update password, and
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a further collection of critical environmental data that is necessary for Samba to operate
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correctly. This file contains very sensitive information that must be protected. It is stored
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in the PRIVARE_DIR directory.
103
in the PRIVATE_DIR directory.
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</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">share_info</td><td align="justify"><p>Stores per-share ACL information.</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">winbindd_idmap</td><td align="justify"><p>Winbindd's local IDMAP database.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"><div class="table"><a name="tdbtempfiledesc"></a><p class="title"><b>Table�1.2.�Temporary TDB File Descriptions</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Temporary TDB File Descriptions" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"><col align="left"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Name</th><th align="justify">Description</th><th align="center">Backup</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">brlock</td><td align="justify"><p>Byte-range locking information.</p></td><td align="left">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left">connections</td><td align="justify"><p>A temporary cache for current connection information used to enforce max connections.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">eventlog/*tdb</td><td align="justify"><p>Records of eventlog entries. In most circumstances this is just a cache of system logs.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">gencache</td><td align="justify"><p>Generic caching database for dead WINS servers and trusted domain data.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">login_cache</td><td align="justify"><p>A temporary cache for login information, in particular bad password attempts.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">messages</td><td align="justify"><p>Temporary storage of messages being processed by smbd.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">netsamlogon_cache</td><td align="justify"><p>Caches user net_info_3 structure data from net_samlogon requests (as a domain member).</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">perfmon/*.tdb</td><td align="justify"><p>Performance counter information.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">printing/*.tdb</td><td align="justify"><p>Cached output from lpq command created on a per-print-service basis.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">schannel_store</td><td align="justify"><p>
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A confidential file, stored in the PRIVATE_DIR, containing crytographic connection
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information so that clients that have temporarily disconnected can reconnect without
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needing to renegotiate the connection setup process.
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</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">sessionid</td><td align="justify"><p>Temporary cache for miscellaneous session information and for utmp handling.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">unexpected</td><td align="justify"><p>Stores packets received for which no process is actively listening.</p></td><td align="left">no</td></tr><tr><td align="left">winbindd_cache</td><td align="justify"><p>Cache of Identity information received from an NT4 domain or from ADS. Includes user
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lists, etc.</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id319134"></a>Starting Samba</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319141"></a>
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lists, etc.</p></td><td align="left">yes</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id342668"></a>Starting Samba</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342675"></a>
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Samba essentially consists of two or three daemons. A daemon is a UNIX application that runs in the background and provides services.
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An example of a service is the Apache Web server for which the daemon is called <code class="literal">httpd</code>. In the case of Samba there
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are three daemons, two of which are needed as a minimum.
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The Samba server is made up of the following daemons:
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</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">nmbd</span></dt><dd><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319172"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319178"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342704"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342710"></a>
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This daemon handles all name registration and resolution requests. It is the primary vehicle involved
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in network browsing. It handles all UDP-based protocols. The <code class="literal">nmbd</code> daemon should
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be the first command started as part of the Samba startup process.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term">smbd</span></dt><dd><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319206"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319213"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342736"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342742"></a>
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This daemon handles all TCP/IP-based connection services for file- and print-based operations. It also
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manages local authentication. It should be started immediately following the startup of <code class="literal">nmbd</code>.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term">winbindd</span></dt><dd><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319239"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319246"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342767"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342774"></a>
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This daemon should be started when Samba is a member of a Windows NT4 or ADS domain. It is also needed when
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Samba has trust relationships with another domain. The <code class="literal">winbindd</code> daemon will check the
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<code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file for the presence of the <em class="parameter"><code>idmap uid</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>idmap gid</code></em>
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for UID and GID allocation. If these parameters are not specified, <code class="literal">winbindd</code>
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will start but it will not be able to allocate UIDs or GIDs.
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</p></dd></dl></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319300"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342822"></a>
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When Samba has been packaged by an operating system vendor, the startup process is typically a custom feature of its
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integration into the platform as a whole. Please refer to your operating system platform administration manuals for
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specific information pertaining to correct management of Samba startup.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id319314"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319322"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319329"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319336"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319342"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319349"></a>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id342835"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342843"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342849"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342855"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342861"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342868"></a>
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There are sample configuration files in the examples subdirectory in the source code distribution tarball
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package. It is suggested you read them carefully so you can see how the options go together in practice. See
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the man page for all the options. It might be worthwhile to start out with the
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<code class="filename">smb.conf.default</code> configuration file and adapt it to your needs. It contains plenty of comments.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319368"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342886"></a>
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The simplest useful configuration file would contain something like that shown in
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<a href="install.html#simple-example" title="Example�1.2.�Another simple smb.conf File">Another simple smb.conf File</a>.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319386"></a>
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</p><div class="example"><a name="simple-example"></a><p class="title"><b>Example�1.2.�Another simple smb.conf File</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id319417"></a><em class="parameter"><code>workgroup = MIDEARTH</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[homes]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id319438"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id319451"></a><em class="parameter"><code>read only = no</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319467"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319474"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319480"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319487"></a>
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<a class="link" href="install.html#simple-example" title="Example�1.2.�Another simple smb.conf File">Another simple smb.conf File</a>.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342900"></a>
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</p><div class="example"><a name="simple-example"></a><p class="title"><b>Example�1.2.�Another simple smb.conf File</b></p><div class="example-contents"><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[global]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342928"></a><em class="parameter"><code>workgroup = MIDEARTH</code></em></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><em class="parameter"><code>[homes]</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342947"></a><em class="parameter"><code>guest ok = no</code></em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="indexterm" name="id342958"></a><em class="parameter"><code>read only = no</code></em></td></tr></table></div></div><br class="example-break"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342971"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342978"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342984"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id342990"></a>
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This will allow connections by anyone with an account on the server, using either
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their login name or <em class="parameter"><code>homes</code></em> as the service name.
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(Note: The workgroup that Samba should appear in must also be set. The default
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workgroup name is WORKGROUP.)
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319505"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343007"></a>
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Make sure you put the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file in the correct place. Note, the correct location of this file
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depends on how the binary files were built. You can discover the correct location by executing from
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the directory that contains the <code class="literal">smbd</code> command file:
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<code class="prompt">root# </code> smbd -b | grep smb.conf
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319541"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343039"></a>
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For more information about security settings for the <em class="parameter"><code>[homes]</code></em> share, please refer to
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<a href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter�18.�Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a>.
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</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id319564"></a>Test Your Config File with <code class="literal">testparm</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319577"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319584"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319590"></a>
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<a class="link" href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter�18.�Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a>.
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</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id343059"></a>Test Your Config File with <code class="literal">testparm</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343071"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343077"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343083"></a>
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It's important to validate the contents of the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file using the <span class="application">testparm</span> program.
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If testparm runs correctly, it will list the loaded services. If not, it will give an error message.
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Make sure it runs correctly and that the services look reasonable before proceeding. Enter the command:
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Always run testparm again whenever the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file is changed!
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319638"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319645"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319651"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319658"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343126"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343132"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343138"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343144"></a>
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The <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file is constantly checked by the Samba daemons <code class="literal">smbd</code> and every instance of
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itself that it spawns, <code class="literal">nmbd</code> and <code class="literal">winbindd</code>. It is good practice to
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keep this file as small as possible. Many administrators prefer to document Samba configuration settings
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This administrative method makes it possible to maintain detailed configuration change records while at
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the same time keeping the working <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file size to the minimum necessary.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id319736"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id319744"></a>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343214"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id343221"></a>
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SWAT is a Web-based interface that can be used to facilitate the configuration of Samba. SWAT might not
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be available in the Samba package that shipped with your platform, but in a separate package. If it is
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necesaary to built SWAT please read the SWAT man page regarding compilation, installation, and
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configuration of SWAT from the source code.
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To launch SWAT, just run your favorite Web browser and point it to
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<a href="http://localhost:901/" target="_top">http://localhost:901/</a>.
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<a class="ulink" href="http://localhost:901/" target="_top">http://localhost:901/</a>.
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Replace <em class="replaceable"><code>localhost</code></em> with the name of the computer on which
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Samba is running if that is a different computer than your browser.
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SWAT can be used from a browser on any IP-connected machine, but be aware that connecting from a remote
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machine leaves your connection open to password sniffing because passwords will be sent over the wire in the clear.
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More information about SWAT can be found in <a href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool">The Samba Web Administration Tool</a>.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id319789"></a>List Shares Available on the Server</h2></div></div></div><p>
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More information about SWAT can be found in <a class="link" href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool">The Samba Web Administration Tool</a>.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id343263"></a>List Shares Available on the Server</h2></div></div></div><p>
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To list shares that are available from the configured Samba server, execute the
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following command:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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before it will list the shares. See the <code class="literal">smbclient</code> man page for details.
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You can force it to list the shares without a password by adding the option
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<code class="option">-N</code> to the command line.
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</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id319839"></a>Connect with a UNIX Client</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id343310"></a>Connect with a UNIX Client</h2></div></div></div><p>
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Enter the following command:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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<code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>smbclient <em class="replaceable"><code> //yourhostname/aservice</code></em></code></strong>
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file. Try your username if you just have a <em class="parameter"><code>[homes]</code></em> section in the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file.</p><p>Example: If the UNIX host is called <em class="replaceable"><code>bambi</code></em> and a valid login name
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is <em class="replaceable"><code>fred</code></em>, you would type:</p><pre class="screen">
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<code class="prompt">$ </code><strong class="userinput"><code>smbclient //<em class="replaceable"><code>bambi</code></em>/<em class="replaceable"><code>fred</code></em></code></strong>
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</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id319936"></a>Connect from a Remote SMB Client</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id343396"></a>Connect from a Remote SMB Client</h2></div></div></div><p>
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Now that Samba is working correctly locally, you can try to access it from other clients. Within a few
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minutes, the Samba host should be listed in the Network Neighborhood on all Windows clients of its subnet.
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Try browsing the server from another client or "mounting" it.
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be sent to the printer that owns the spoolservice that has been specified.
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</p><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt">C:\> </code><strong class="userinput"><code>print filename</code></strong>
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</pre><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id320014"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h3></div></div></div><p>
269
You might want to read <a href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist">The Samba Checklist</a>. If you are still
270
stuck, refer to <a href="problems.html" title="Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems">Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</a>. Samba has
268
</pre><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343468"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h3></div></div></div><p>
269
You might want to read <a class="link" href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist">The Samba Checklist</a>. If you are still
270
stuck, refer to <a class="link" href="problems.html" title="Chapter�39.�Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems">Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</a>. Samba has
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been successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide. It is unlikely that your particular problem is
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unique, so it might be productive to perform an Internet search to see if someone else has encountered your
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problem and has found a way to overcome it.
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Simply choose from the first five chapters the network design that most closely matches site needs,
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then follow the simple step-by-step procedure to deploy it. Later, when you have a working network
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you may well want to refer back to this book for further insight into opportunities for improvement.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id320052"></a>Still Stuck?</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343501"></a>Still Stuck?</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The best advice under the stress of abject frustration is to cool down! That may be challenging
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of itself, but while you are angry or annoyed your ability to seek out a solution is somewhat
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undermined. A cool head clears the way to finding the answer you are looking for. Just remember,
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every problem has a solution there is a good chance that someone else has found it
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even though you can't right now. That will change with time, patience and learning.
287
Now that you have cooled down a bit, please refer to <a href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist">the Samba Checklist</a>
287
Now that you have cooled down a bit, please refer to <a class="link" href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter�38.�The Samba Checklist">the Samba Checklist</a>
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for a process that can be followed to identify the cause of your problem.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id320080"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id343527"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div></div><p>
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The following questions and issues are raised repeatedly on the Samba mailing list.
291
</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id320090"></a>Large Number of smbd Processes</h3></div></div></div><p>
291
</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343536"></a>Large Number of smbd Processes</h3></div></div></div><p>
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Samba consists of three core programs: <span class="application">nmbd</span>, <span class="application">smbd</span>, and <span class="application">winbindd</span>. <span class="application">nmbd</span> is the name server message daemon,
293
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<span class="application">smbd</span> is the server message daemon, and <span class="application">winbindd</span> is the daemon that handles communication with domain controllers.
302
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<span class="application">winbindd</span> will run as one or two daemons, depending on whether or not it is being
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run in <span class="emphasis"><em>split mode</em></span> (in which case there will be two instances).
304
</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id320178"></a>Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343615"></a>Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</h3></div></div></div><p>
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An error message is observed in the log files when <span class="application">smbd</span> is started: “<span class="quote">open_oplock_ipc: Failed to
306
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get local UDP socket for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested.</span>”
308
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Your loopback device isn't working correctly. Make sure it is configured correctly. The loopback
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device is an internal (virtual) network device with the IP address <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span>.
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Read your OS documentation for details on how to configure the loopback on your system.
311
</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id320208"></a>“<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span></span>”</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id343643"></a>“<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span></span>”</h3></div></div></div><p>
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This error can be caused by one of these misconfigurations:
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You specified a nonexisting path
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for the share in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>.</p></li><li><p>The user you are trying to access the share with does not
added
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docs/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/install.html
