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// Exif.cs : LibExif wrapper for FSpot
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// Larry Ewing (lewing@novell.com)
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// Ravi Pratap (ravi@ximian.com)
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// Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
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// (C) 2002, 2004, 2005 Novell, Inc.
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using System.Collections;
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using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
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InteroperabilityIndex = 0x0001,
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InteroperabilityVersion = 0x0002,
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BitsPersample = 0x0102,
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PhotometricInterpretation = 0x0106,
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DocumentName = 0x010d,
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ImageDescription = 0x010e,
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StripOffsets = 0x0111,
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SamplesPerPixel = 0x0115,
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RowsPerStrip = 0x0116,
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StripByteCounts = 0x0117,
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PlanarConfiguration = 0x011c,
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ResolutionUnit = 0x0128,
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TransferFunction = 0x012d,
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PrimaryChromaticities = 0x013f,
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TransferRange = 0x0156,
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JPEGInterchangeFormat = 0x0201,
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JPEGInterchangeFormatLength = 0x0202,
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YCBCRCoefficients = 0x0211,
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YCBCRSubSampling = 0x0212,
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YCBCRPositioning = 0x0213,
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ReferenceBlackWhite = 0x0214,
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RelatedImageFileFormat = 0x1000,
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RelatedImageWidth = 0x1001,
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RelatedImageHeight = 0x1002,
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CFARepeatPatternDim = 0x828d,
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BatteryLevel = 0x828f,
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ExposureTime = 0x829a,
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ExifIfdPointer = 0x8769,
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InterColorProfile = 0x8773,
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ExposureProgram = 0x8822,
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SpectralSensitivity = 0x8824,
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GPSInfoIfdPointer = 0x8825,
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ISOSpeedRatings = 0x8827,
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DateTimeOriginal = 0x9003,
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DateTimeDigitized = 0x9004,
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ComponentsConfiguration = 0x9101,
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CompressedBitsPerPixel = 0x9102,
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ShutterSpeedValue = 0x9201,
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ApertureValue = 0x9202,
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BrightnessValue = 0x9203,
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ExposureBiasValue = 0x9204,
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MaxApertureValue = 0x9205,
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SubjectDistance = 0x9206,
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MeteringMode = 0x9207,
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SubSecTimeOriginal = 0x9291,
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SubSecTimeDigitized = 0x9292,
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FlashPixVersion = 0xa000,
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PixelXDimension = 0xa002,
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PixelYDimension = 0xa003,
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RelatedSoundFile = 0xa004,
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InteroperabilityIfdPointer = 0xa005,
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SpatialFrequencyResponse = 0xa20c,
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FocalPlaneXResolution = 0xa20e,
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FocalPlaneYResolution = 0xa20f,
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FocalPlaneResolutionUnit = 0xa210,
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SubjectLocation = 0xa214,
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ExposureIndex = 0xa215,
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SensingMethod = 0xa217,
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NewCFAPattern = 0xa302,
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CustomRendered = 0xa401,
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ExposureMode = 0xa402,
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WhiteBalance = 0xa403,
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DigitalZoomRatio = 0xa404,
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FocalLengthIn35mmFilm = 0xa405,
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SceneCaptureType = 0xa406,
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GainControl = 0xa407,
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DeviceSettingDescription = 0xa40b,
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SubjectDistanceRange = 0xa40c,
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ImageUniqueId = 0xa420,
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// The Following IDs are not described the EXIF spec
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// The XMP spec declares that XMP data should live 0x2bc when
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// embedded in tiff images.
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// Print Image Matching data
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PimIfdPointer = 0xc4a5
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public enum ByteOrder {
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public enum ExifFormat {
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public class ExifUtil {
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_tag_get_name (Tag tag);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_tag_get_title (Tag tag);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_tag_get_description (Tag tag);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_byte_order_get_name (ByteOrder order);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_format_get_name (ExifFormat format);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern char exif_format_get_size (ExifFormat format);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern IntPtr exif_ifd_get_name (Ifd ifd);
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public static string GetTagName (Tag tag)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_tag_get_name (tag);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static string GetTagTitle (Tag tag)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_tag_get_title (tag);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static string GetTagDescription (Tag tag)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_tag_get_description (tag);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static string GetByteOrderName (ByteOrder order)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_byte_order_get_name (order);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static string GetFormatName (ExifFormat format)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_format_get_name (format);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static char GetFormatSize (ExifFormat format)
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return exif_format_get_size (format);
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public static string GetIfdName (Ifd ifd)
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IntPtr raw_ret = exif_ifd_get_name (ifd);
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (raw_ret);
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public static string GetIfdNameExtended (Ifd ifd)
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return Catalog.GetString ("Image Directory");
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return Catalog.GetString ("Thumbnail Directory");
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return Catalog.GetString ("Exif Directory");
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return Catalog.GetString ("GPS Directory");
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case Ifd.InterOperability:
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return Catalog.GetString ("InterOperability Directory");
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return Catalog.GetString ("Unknown Directory");
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public static DateTime DateTimeFromString(string dt)
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// Exif DateTime strings are formatted as
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// "YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS"
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string delimiters = " :";
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string[] dt_data = dt.Split ( delimiters.ToCharArray(), 6 );
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result = new DateTime (Int32.Parse(dt_data[0]), Int32.Parse(dt_data[1]), Int32.Parse(dt_data[2]),
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Int32.Parse(dt_data[3]), Int32.Parse(dt_data[4]), Int32.Parse(dt_data[5]), DateTimeKind.Local);
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} catch (FormatException) {
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result = DateTime.MinValue;
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public abstract class ExifObject : IDisposable {
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protected HandleRef handle;
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public HandleRef Handle {
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public ExifObject () {}
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public ExifObject (IntPtr ptr)
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handle = new HandleRef (this, ptr);
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protected abstract void Cleanup ();
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public void Dispose () {
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System.GC.SuppressFinalize (this);
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[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
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internal unsafe struct _ExifContent {
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public IntPtr entries;
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public IntPtr parent;
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public class ExifContent : ExifObject {
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public ExifData Parent {
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System.Collections.ArrayList entries;
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internal ExifContent (ExifData parent, IntPtr handle) : base (handle)
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this.parent = parent;
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exif_content_ref (this.handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern void exif_content_ref (HandleRef handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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static extern void exif_content_unref (HandleRef handle);
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protected override void Cleanup ()
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exif_content_unref (handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_content_remove_entry (HandleRef content, HandleRef entry);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_content_add_entry (HandleRef content, HandleRef entry);
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public ExifEntry Lookup (Tag tag)
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foreach (ExifEntry entry in entries) {
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if (entry.Tag == tag) {
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public bool Contains (ExifEntry entry)
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return entries.Contains (entry);
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public ExifEntry GetEntry (Tag tag)
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ExifEntry entry = Lookup (tag);
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entry = new ExifEntry (this, tag);
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public void Add (ExifEntry entry)
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// This call can recurse into this function but it protects
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// itself by checking if it the content already contains the entry
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entry.SetParent (this);
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exif_content_add_entry (this.handle, entry.Handle);
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public void Remove (ExifEntry entry)
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entries.Remove (entry);
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// This call can recurse into this function but it protects
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// itself by checking if it the content already contains the entry
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entry.SetParent (null);
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exif_content_remove_entry (this.handle, entry.Handle);
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public ExifEntry [] GetEntries ()
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return (ExifEntry [])entries.ToArray (typeof (ExifEntry));
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static unsafe extern IntPtr exif_content_foreach_entry (HandleRef content,
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ExifContentForeachEntryFunc func,
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internal delegate void ExifContentForeachEntryFunc (IntPtr entry_ptr, IntPtr data);
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void AssembleEntry (IntPtr entry, IntPtr data)
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entries.Add (new ExifEntry (this, entry));
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ExifContentForeachEntryFunc func;
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public void Assemble ()
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if (entries == null) {
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entries = new System.Collections.ArrayList ();
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func = new ExifContentForeachEntryFunc (AssembleEntry);
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exif_content_foreach_entry (this.Handle, func, IntPtr.Zero);
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[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
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internal struct _ExifEntry {
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public uint components;
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public IntPtr parent;
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public class ExifEntry : ExifObject {
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public ExifContent Parent {
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if (_handle->parent != parent.Handle.Handle)
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throw new Exception ("Invalid Object State");
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// Don't use this unless you know exactly what you are doing
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internal void SetParent (ExifContent adoptor) {
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// NOTE this api is ugly but the check prevent the parent state
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// from getting confused. See ExifContent Add and Remove for the
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if (parent != null && parent.Contains (this))
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parent.Remove (this);
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if (adoptor != null && !adoptor.Contains (this))
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internal ExifEntry (ExifContent parent, IntPtr native) : base (native)
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this.handle = new HandleRef (this, native);
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this.parent = parent;
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exif_entry_ref (this.handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_entry_new ();
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_entry_initialize (HandleRef handle, Tag tag);
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public ExifEntry (ExifContent parent, Tag tag)
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handle = new HandleRef (this, exif_entry_new ());
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public void Reset (Tag tag)
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// Free any exsting data so that _initialize will actually set the data
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if (_handle->data != IntPtr.Zero)
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ExifData.free (_handle->data);
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_handle->data = IntPtr.Zero;
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exif_entry_initialize (handle, tag);
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//FIXME the month string in time fields in libexif ix currently broken so we do our own.
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if (tag == Tag.DateTime
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|| tag == Tag.DateTimeOriginal
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|| tag == Tag.DateTimeDigitized)
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this.SetData (System.DateTime.Now);
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protected override void Cleanup ()
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exif_entry_unref (this.handle);
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private unsafe _ExifEntry *_handle {
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return (_ExifEntry *)handle.Handle;
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public ExifFormat Format {
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return (ExifFormat) _handle->format;
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public byte [] Data {
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byte [] data = new byte [_handle->size];
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Marshal.Copy (_handle->data, data, 0, (int)_handle->size);
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public void SetData (byte [] data, int size)
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if (data == null || data.Length == 0)
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throw new System.Exception ("Invalid Length");
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if (_handle->data != IntPtr.Zero)
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ExifData.free (_handle->data);
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_handle->data = ExifData.malloc ((uint)data.Length);
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Marshal.Copy (data, 0, _handle->data, data.Length);
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_handle->size = (uint) data.Length;
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// This needs to be set per type as well but
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// we do it here as well
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_handle->components = (uint) (data.Length / size);
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public void SetData (byte []data)
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public void SetData (uint s)
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this.SetData (FSpot.BitConverter.GetBytes (s, this.ByteOrder == ByteOrder.Intel), 4);
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public void SetData (ushort s)
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this.SetData (FSpot.BitConverter.GetBytes (s, this.ByteOrder == ByteOrder.Intel), 2);
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public void SetData (string value)
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int len = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount (value);
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byte [] tmp = new byte [len + 1];
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System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes (value, 0, value.Length, tmp, 0);
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("value = {0} len = {1}", value, len);
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public void SetData (System.DateTime time)
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SetData (time.ToString ("yyyy:MM:dd HH:mm:ss"));
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private unsafe void PutBytes (byte *dest, byte *src, int count)
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if (System.BitConverter.IsLittleEndian == (this.ByteOrder == ByteOrder.Intel)) {
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for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("Copying normal byte [{0}]= {1}", i, src[i]);
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for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("Copying swapped byte [{0}]= {1}", i, src[i]);
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dest [i] = src [count - i -1];
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private unsafe uint ToUInt (byte *src)
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PutBytes ((byte *)&value, (byte *)src, 4);
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private unsafe ushort ToUShort (byte *src)
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PutBytes ((byte *)&value, (byte *)src, 2);
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public uint [] GetDataUInt () {
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uint [] result = new uint [_handle->components];
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uint *src = (uint *)_handle->data;
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("copying {0} components", result.Length);
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for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) {
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result [i] = ToUInt ((byte *)src);
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("value[{0}] = {1}", i, result [i]);
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public ushort [] GetDataUShort () {
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ushort [] result = new ushort [_handle->components];
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ushort *src = (ushort *)_handle->data;
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("copying {0} components", result.Length);
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for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++) {
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result [i] = ToUShort ((byte *)src);
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("value[{0}] = {1}", i, result [i]);
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public int [] GetDataInt () {
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public ByteOrder ByteOrder
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return parent.Parent.GetByteOrder ();
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public string Description
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return ExifUtil.GetTagDescription (Tag);
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return ExifUtil.GetTagName (Tag);
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return ExifUtil.GetTagTitle (Tag);
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static int fallback = 0;
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// FIXME this version is only valid in libexif 0.5
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_entry_get_value (HandleRef handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_entry_get_value_brief (HandleRef handle);
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// FIXME this version is only valid in libexif 0.6
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_entry_get_value (HandleRef handle, byte [] value, int maxlen);
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exif_entry_get_value_brief (this.Handle);
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} catch (EntryPointNotFoundException) {
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return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi (exif_entry_get_value (this.Handle));
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byte [] value = new byte [1024];
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exif_entry_get_value (this.Handle, value, value.Length);
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for (i = 0; i < value.Length; i++) {
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int len = System.Math.Max (i, 0);
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return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString (value, 0, len);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_entry_ref (HandleRef handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_entry_unref (HandleRef handle);
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[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
739
internal struct _ExifData {
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internal IntPtr ifd0;
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internal IntPtr ifd1;
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internal IntPtr ifd_exif;
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internal IntPtr ifd_gps;
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internal IntPtr ifd_interop;
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internal IntPtr data;
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internal IntPtr priv;
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public class ExifData : ExifObject {
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System.Collections.ArrayList ifds;
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_data_new ();
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handle = new HandleRef (this, exif_data_new ());
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_data_new_from_file (string path);
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public ExifData (string filename)
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handle = new HandleRef (this, exif_data_new_from_file (filename));
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern IntPtr exif_data_new_from_data (byte [] data, uint size);
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public ExifData (byte [] data)
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handle = new HandleRef (this, exif_data_new_from_data (data, (uint) data.Length));
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public ExifData (byte [] data, uint size)
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handle = new HandleRef (this, exif_data_new_from_data (data, size));
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internal static extern void free (IntPtr address);
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internal static extern IntPtr malloc (uint size);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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private static extern void exif_data_save_data (HandleRef handle, out IntPtr content, out uint size);
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public byte [] Save ()
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Byte [] content = null;
798
exif_data_save_data (handle, out data, out size);
800
content = new byte [size];
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Marshal.Copy (data, content, 0, (int)size);
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//System.Console.WriteLine ("Saved {0} bytes", content.Length);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
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internal static extern void exif_data_unref (HandleRef data);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
813
internal static extern void exif_data_free (HandleRef data);
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protected override void Cleanup ()
817
exif_data_unref (handle);
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[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
821
internal static extern void exif_data_dump (HandleRef data);
825
exif_data_dump (handle);
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public ExifContent GetContents (Ifd ifd)
832
return (ExifContent) ifds [(int)ifd];
835
public ExifContent [] GetContents ()
839
return (ExifContent []) ifds.ToArray (typeof (ExifContent));
842
[DllImport("libexif.dll")]
843
internal static extern ByteOrder exif_data_get_byte_order (HandleRef handle);
845
public ByteOrder GetByteOrder ()
847
return exif_data_get_byte_order (handle);
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internal delegate void ExifDataForeachContentFunc (IntPtr content, IntPtr data);
852
[DllImport ("libexif.dll")]
853
internal unsafe static extern void exif_data_foreach_content(HandleRef handle, ExifDataForeachContentFunc func, IntPtr data);
855
unsafe void AssembleIfds (IntPtr content, IntPtr data)
857
ifds.Add (new ExifContent (this, content));
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public ExifEntry LookupFirst (Tag tag)
863
foreach (ExifContent content in ifds) {
867
ExifEntry entry = content.Lookup (tag);
874
public string LookupFirstValue (Tag tag)
876
ExifEntry entry = LookupFirst (tag);
883
public void Assemble ()
886
ifds = new System.Collections.ArrayList ();
888
if (handle.Handle != IntPtr.Zero)
889
exif_data_foreach_content (handle, new ExifDataForeachContentFunc (AssembleIfds), IntPtr.Zero);
893
byte [] empty = new byte [0];
894
public byte [] Data {
897
_ExifData * obj = (_ExifData *) Handle.Handle;
900
if (obj == null || obj->data == (IntPtr) 0)
903
result = new byte [obj->size];
904
Marshal.Copy (obj->data, result, 0, obj->size);
912
_ExifData * obj = (_ExifData *) Handle.Handle;
913
if (value.Length > 65533)
914
throw new System.Exception ("Thumbnail too large");
916
if (obj->data != IntPtr.Zero)
919
obj->data = malloc ((uint)value.Length);
920
Marshal.Copy (value, 0, obj->data, value.Length);
added
removed
Util/F-Spot/Imaging/Exif.cs
