44
46
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
46
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2567795">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
47
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2567800">A Brief History of the <span class="acronym">DNS</span> and <span class="acronym">BIND</span></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
48
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">General <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
48
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2596828">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
49
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
50
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2597137">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
49
51
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
50
52
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
52
54
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
53
55
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
54
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2570087">Other Documents About <span class="acronym">BIND</span></a></span></dt>
56
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2600348">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
58
60
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
59
61
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
60
<a name="id2567795"></a>Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
62
<a name="id2596828"></a>Acknowledgments</h2></div></div></div>
61
63
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
62
64
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
63
<a name="id2567800"></a>A Brief History of the <span class="acronym">DNS</span> and <span class="acronym">BIND</span></h3></div></div></div>
64
<p>Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
65
System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
66
core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
67
883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
68
Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
69
new naming/addressing scheme in an rapidly expanding,
70
operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
71
published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
72
incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
73
"Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
74
Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
75
became the standards upon which all <span class="acronym">DNS</span> implementations are
78
<p>The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
79
written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC Tops-20
80
machines located at the University of Southern California's Information
81
Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network Information
82
Center (SRI-NIC). A <span class="acronym">DNS</span> server for Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
83
Name Domain (<span class="acronym">BIND</span>) package, was written soon after by a group of
84
graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley under
85
a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration
86
(DARPA). Versions of <span class="acronym">BIND</span> through 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
87
Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
88
Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <span class="acronym">BIND</span>
89
project team. After that, additional work on the software package
90
was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment Corporation
91
employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <span class="acronym">BIND</span> for 2 years, from 1985
92
to 1987. Many other people also contributed to <span class="acronym">BIND</span> development
93
during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot Carl-Mitchell,
94
Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <span class="acronym">BIND</span> maintenance was subsequently
95
handled by Mike Karels and O. Kure.</p>
96
<p><span class="acronym">BIND</span> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were released by Digital Equipment
97
Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
98
a DEC employee, became <span class="acronym">BIND</span>'s primary caretaker. Paul was assisted
99
by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan Beecher, Andrew
100
Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
101
Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
102
Wolfhugel, and others.</p>
103
<p><span class="acronym">BIND</span> Version 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie Enterprises. Paul
104
Vixie became <span class="acronym">BIND</span>'s principal architect/programmer.</p>
105
<p><span class="acronym">BIND</span> versions from 4.9.3 onward have been developed and maintained
106
by the Internet Software Consortium with support being provided
107
by ISC's sponsors. As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
108
Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of <span class="acronym">BIND</span> version
110
<p><span class="acronym">BIND</span> development work is made possible today by the sponsorship
111
of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of numerous
65
<a name="historical_dns_information"></a>A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
66
</h3></div></div></div>
68
Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
69
System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
70
core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
71
883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
72
Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
73
new naming/addressing scheme in a rapidly expanding,
74
operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
75
published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
76
incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
77
"Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
78
Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
79
became the standards upon which all <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> implementations are
83
The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
84
written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC
86
machines located at the University of Southern California's
88
Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network
90
Center (SRI-NIC). A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> server for
91
Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
92
Name Domain (<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>) package, was
93
written soon after by a group of
94
graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley
96
a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects
101
Versions of <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> through
102
4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
103
Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
104
Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
105
project team. After that, additional work on the software package
106
was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment
108
employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> for 2 years, from 1985
109
to 1987. Many other people also contributed to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development
110
during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot
112
Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> maintenance was subsequently
113
handled by Mike Karels and �ivind Kure.
116
<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were
117
released by Digital Equipment
118
Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
119
a DEC employee, became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s
120
primary caretaker. He was assisted
121
by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan
123
Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
124
Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
125
Wolfhugel, and others.
128
In 1994, <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 4.9.2 was sponsored by
129
Vixie Enterprises. Paul
130
Vixie became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s principal
131
architect/programmer.
134
<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions from 4.9.3 onward
135
have been developed and maintained
136
by the Internet Systems Consortium and its predecessor,
137
the Internet Software Consortium, with support being provided
141
As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
142
Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of
143
<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 8 in May 1997.
146
BIND version 9 was released in September 2000 and is a
147
major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the underlying
151
BIND version 4 is officially deprecated and BIND version
152
8 development is considered maintenance-only in favor
153
of BIND version 9. No additional development is done
154
on BIND version 4 or BIND version 8 other than for
155
security-related patches.
158
<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development work is made
159
possible today by the sponsorship
160
of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of
161
numerous individuals.
115
165
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
116
166
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
117
<a name="historical_dns_information"></a>General <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Reference Information</h2></div></div></div>
167
<a name="id2597137"></a>General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</h2></div></div></div>
118
168
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
119
169
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
120
170
<a name="ipv6addresses"></a>IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</h3></div></div></div>
121
<p>IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and
122
sets of interfaces which were introduced in the <span class="acronym">DNS</span> to facilitate
123
scalable Internet routing. There are three types of addresses: <span class="emphasis"><em>Unicast</em></span>,
124
an identifier for a single interface; <span class="emphasis"><em>Anycast</em></span>,
125
an identifier for a set of interfaces; and <span class="emphasis"><em>Multicast</em></span>,
126
an identifier for a set of interfaces. Here we describe the global
127
Unicast address scheme. For more information, see RFC 2374.</p>
128
<p>The aggregatable global Unicast address format is as follows:</p>
129
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
145
<td><p>64 bits</p></td>
149
<td><p>TLA ID</p></td>
151
<td><p>NLA ID</p></td>
152
<td><p>SLA ID</p></td>
153
<td><p>Interface ID</p></td>
156
<td colspan="4"><p><------ Public Topology
166
<td><p><-Site Topology-></p></td>
175
<td><p><------ Interface Identifier ------></p></td>
181
<div class="informaltable"><table border="1">
191
<td><p>Format Prefix (001)</p></td>
194
<td><p>TLA ID</p></td>
196
<td><p>Top-Level Aggregation Identifier</p></td>
201
<td><p>Reserved for future use</p></td>
204
<td><p>NLA ID</p></td>
206
<td><p>Next-Level Aggregation Identifier</p></td>
209
<td><p>SLA ID</p></td>
211
<td><p>Site-Level Aggregation Identifier</p></td>
214
<td><p>INTERFACE ID</p></td>
216
<td><p>Interface Identifier</p></td>
220
<p>The <span class="emphasis"><em>Public Topology</em></span> is provided by the
221
upstream provider or ISP, and (roughly) corresponds to the IPv4 <span class="emphasis"><em>network</em></span> section
222
of the address range. The <span class="emphasis"><em>Site Topology</em></span> is
223
where you can subnet this space, much the same as subnetting an
224
IPv4 /16 network into /24 subnets. The <span class="emphasis"><em>Interface Identifier</em></span> is
225
the address of an individual interface on a given network. (With
226
IPv6, addresses belong to interfaces rather than machines.)</p>
227
<p>The subnetting capability of IPv6 is much more flexible than
228
that of IPv4: subnetting can now be carried out on bit boundaries,
229
in much the same way as Classless InterDomain Routing (CIDR).</p>
230
<p>The Interface Identifier must be unique on that network. On
231
ethernet networks, one way to ensure this is to set the address
232
to the first three bytes of the hardware address, "FFFE", then the
233
last three bytes of the hardware address. The lowest significant
234
bit of the first byte should then be complemented. Addresses are
235
written as 32-bit blocks separated with a colon, and leading zeros
236
of a block may be omitted, for example:</p>
237
<p><span><strong class="command">2001:db8:201:9:a00:20ff:fe81:2b32</strong></span></p>
238
<p>IPv6 address specifications are likely to contain long strings
239
of zeros, so the architects have included a shorthand for specifying
240
them. The double colon (`::') indicates the longest possible string
241
of zeros that can fit, and can be used only once in an address.</p>
172
IPv6 addresses are 128-bit identifiers for interfaces and
173
sets of interfaces which were introduced in the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to facilitate
174
scalable Internet routing. There are three types of addresses: <span class="emphasis"><em>Unicast</em></span>,
175
an identifier for a single interface;
176
<span class="emphasis"><em>Anycast</em></span>,
177
an identifier for a set of interfaces; and <span class="emphasis"><em>Multicast</em></span>,
178
an identifier for a set of interfaces. Here we describe the global
179
Unicast address scheme. For more information, see RFC 3587,
180
"Global Unicast Address Format."
183
IPv6 unicast addresses consist of a
184
<span class="emphasis"><em>global routing prefix</em></span>, a
185
<span class="emphasis"><em>subnet identifier</em></span>, and an
186
<span class="emphasis"><em>interface identifier</em></span>.
189
The global routing prefix is provided by the
190
upstream provider or ISP, and (roughly) corresponds to the
191
IPv4 <span class="emphasis"><em>network</em></span> section
192
of the address range.
194
The subnet identifier is for local subnetting, much the
195
same as subnetting an
196
IPv4 /16 network into /24 subnets.
198
The interface identifier is the address of an individual
199
interface on a given network; in IPv6, addresses belong to
200
interfaces rather than to machines.
203
The subnetting capability of IPv6 is much more flexible than
204
that of IPv4: subnetting can be carried out on bit boundaries,
205
in much the same way as Classless InterDomain Routing
206
(CIDR), and the DNS PTR representation ("nibble" format)
207
makes setting up reverse zones easier.
210
The Interface Identifier must be unique on the local link,
211
and is usually generated automatically by the IPv6
212
implementation, although it is usually possible to
213
override the default setting if necessary. A typical IPv6
214
address might look like:
215
<span><strong class="command">2001:db8:201:9:a00:20ff:fe81:2b32</strong></span>
218
IPv6 address specifications often contain long strings
219
of zeros, so the architects have included a shorthand for
221
them. The double colon (`::') indicates the longest possible
223
of zeros that can fit, and can be used only once in an address.
244
227
<div class="sect1" lang="en">
247
230
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
248
231
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
249
232
<a name="rfcs"></a>Request for Comments (RFCs)</h3></div></div></div>
250
<p>Specification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including
251
the <span class="acronym">DNS</span>, are published as part of the Request for Comments (RFCs)
252
series of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined
253
by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Engineering
254
Steering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at
255
<a href="ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/" target="_top">ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/RFC<em class="replaceable"><code>xxx</code></em>.txt</a> (where <em class="replaceable"><code>xxx</code></em> is
256
the number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at
257
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/" target="_top">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/</a>.
234
Specification documents for the Internet protocol suite, including
235
the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>, are published as part of
236
the Request for Comments (RFCs)
237
series of technical notes. The standards themselves are defined
238
by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet
239
Engineering Steering Group (IESG). RFCs can be obtained online via FTP at:
242
<a href="ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/" target="_top">
243
ftp://www.isi.edu/in-notes/RFC<em class="replaceable"><code>xxxx</code></em>.txt
247
(where <em class="replaceable"><code>xxxx</code></em> is
248
the number of the RFC). RFCs are also available via the Web at:
251
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/" target="_top">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/</a>.
259
253
<div class="bibliography">
260
254
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
261
<a name="id2568712"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
255
<a name="id2597324"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
262
256
<div class="bibliodiv">
263
257
<h3 class="title">Standards</h3>
264
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC974</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Partridge</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Mail Routing and the Domain System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1986. </span></p></div>
265
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1034</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p></div>
266
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1035</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Implementation and
267
Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p></div>
258
<div class="biblioentry">
259
<a name="id2597335"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC974</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Partridge</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Mail Routing and the Domain System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1986. </span></p>
261
<div class="biblioentry">
262
<a name="id2597427"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1034</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Concepts and Facilities</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
264
<div class="biblioentry">
265
<a name="id2597450"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1035</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names — Implementation and
266
Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
269
269
<div class="bibliodiv">
270
270
<h3 class="title">
271
271
<a name="proposed_standards"></a>Proposed Standards</h3>
272
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2181</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R., R. Bush</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Clarifications to the <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 1997. </span></p></div>
273
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2308</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Andrews</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Negative Caching of <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Queries</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p></div>
274
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1995</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Ohta</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Incremental Zone Transfer in <span class="acronym">DNS</span></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p></div>
275
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1996</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p></div>
276
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2136</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Rekhter</span>, and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Bound</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p></div>
277
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2845</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <span class="acronym">DNS</span> (TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p></div>
279
<div class="bibliodiv">
280
<h3 class="title">Proposed Standards Still Under Development</h3>
281
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
282
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
283
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note:</em></span> the following list of
284
RFCs are undergoing major revision by the IETF.</p>
286
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1886</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> Extensions to support IP version 6</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 1995. </span></p></div>
287
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2065</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Kaufman</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1997. </span></p></div>
288
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2137</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p></div>
290
<div class="bibliodiv">
291
<h3 class="title">Other Important RFCs About <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Implementation</h3>
292
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1535</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Gavron</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely Deployed <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Software.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p></div>
293
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1536</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Kumar</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Neuman</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Danzig</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Miller</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Implementation Errors and Suggested Fixes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p></div>
294
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1982</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Bush</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Serial Number Arithmetic</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p></div>
272
<div class="biblioentry">
273
<a name="id2597486"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2181</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R., R. Bush</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Clarifications to the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
274
Specification</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 1997. </span></p>
276
<div class="biblioentry">
277
<a name="id2597513"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2308</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Andrews</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Negative Caching of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
278
Queries</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
280
<div class="biblioentry">
281
<a name="id2597539"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1995</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Ohta</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Incremental Zone Transfer in <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
283
<div class="biblioentry">
284
<a name="id2597563"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1996</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Mechanism for Prompt Notification of Zone Changes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
286
<div class="biblioentry">
287
<a name="id2597587"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2136</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Rekhter</span>, and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Bound</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
289
<div class="biblioentry">
290
<a name="id2597642"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2671</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1997. </span></p>
292
<div class="biblioentry">
293
<a name="id2597669"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2672</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Non-Terminal DNS Name Redirection</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
295
<div class="biblioentry">
296
<a name="id2597696"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Transaction Authentication for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> (TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
298
<div class="biblioentry">
299
<a name="id2597757"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2930</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secret Key Establishment for DNS (TKEY RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
301
<div class="biblioentry">
302
<a name="id2597787"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2931</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Request and Transaction Signatures (SIG(0)s)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
304
<div class="biblioentry">
305
<a name="id2597817"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3007</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
307
<div class="biblioentry">
308
<a name="id2597844"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3645</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Kwan</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Garg</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Gilroy</span>, <span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Westhead</span>, and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Hall</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Generic Security Service Algorithm for Secret
309
Key Transaction Authentication for DNS
310
(GSS-TSIG)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
313
<div class="bibliodiv">
315
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Security Proposed Standards</h3>
316
<div class="biblioentry">
317
<a name="id2597926"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3225</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Conrad</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Indicating Resolver Support of DNSSEC</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2001. </span></p>
319
<div class="biblioentry">
320
<a name="id2597953"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3833</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Atkins</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Threat Analysis of the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
322
<div class="biblioentry">
323
<a name="id2597989"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4033</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Introduction and Requirements</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
325
<div class="biblioentry">
326
<a name="id2598054"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4044</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
328
<div class="biblioentry">
329
<a name="id2598119"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4035</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Arends</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Austein</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Larson</span>, <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Protocol Modifications for the DNS
330
Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2005. </span></p>
333
<div class="bibliodiv">
334
<h3 class="title">Other Important RFCs About <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
336
<div class="biblioentry">
337
<a name="id2598193"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1535</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Gavron</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Security Problem and Proposed Correction With Widely
338
Deployed <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Software.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
340
<div class="biblioentry">
341
<a name="id2598218"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1536</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Kumar</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Neuman</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Danzig</span>, and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Miller</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Implementation
342
Errors and Suggested Fixes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
344
<div class="biblioentry">
345
<a name="id2598286"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1982</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Elz</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Bush</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Serial Number Arithmetic</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1996. </span></p>
347
<div class="biblioentry">
348
<a name="id2598322"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC4074</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Y.</span> <span class="surname">Morishita</span> and <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Jinmei</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common Misbehaviour Against <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>
349
Queries for IPv6 Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2005. </span></p>
296
352
<div class="bibliodiv">
297
353
<h3 class="title">Resource Record Types</h3>
298
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1183</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.F.</span> <span class="surname">Everhart</span>, <span class="firstname">L. A.</span> <span class="surname">Mamakos</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Ullmann</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>New <span class="acronym">DNS</span> RR Definitions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1990. </span></p></div>
299
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1706</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Colella</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> NSAP Resource Records</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1994. </span></p></div>
300
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2168</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
301
the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 1997. </span></p></div>
302
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1876</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Davis</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span>, and <span class="firstname">I.</span> <span class="surname">Dickinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the Domain
303
Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1996. </span></p></div>
304
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2052</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A <span class="acronym">DNS</span> RR for Specifying the Location of
305
Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p></div>
306
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2163</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Allocchio</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Internet <span class="acronym">DNS</span> to Distribute MIXER
307
Conformant Global Address Mapping</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1998. </span></p></div>
308
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2230</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Atkinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <span class="acronym">DNS</span></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p></div>
310
<div class="bibliodiv">
312
<span class="acronym">DNS</span> and the Internet</h3>
313
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1101</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> Encoding of Network Names and Other Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1989. </span></p></div>
314
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1123</span>] <span class="author"><span class="surname">Braden</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and Support</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1989. </span></p></div>
315
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1591</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1994. </span></p></div>
316
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2317</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">H.</span> <span class="surname">Eidnes</span>, <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">de Groot</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p></div>
318
<div class="bibliodiv">
320
<span class="acronym">DNS</span> Operations</h3>
321
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1537</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Beertema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Data File Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p></div>
322
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1912</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Barr</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Operational and Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 1996. </span></p></div>
323
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2010</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p></div>
324
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2219</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Hamilton</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Wright</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Use of <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Aliases for Network Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p></div>
326
<div class="bibliodiv">
327
<h3 class="title">Other <span class="acronym">DNS</span>-related RFCs</h3>
328
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
329
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
330
<p>Note: the following list of RFCs, although
331
<span class="acronym">DNS</span>-related, are not concerned with implementing software.</p>
333
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1464</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Rosenbaum</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String Attributes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1993. </span></p></div>
334
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1713</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Romao</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Tools for <span class="acronym">DNS</span> Debugging</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p></div>
335
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1794</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Brisco</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> Support for Load Balancing</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1995. </span></p></div>
336
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2240</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1997. </span></p></div>
337
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2345</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Wolf</span>, and <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">Oglesby</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p></div>
338
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC2352</span>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p></div>
340
<div class="bibliodiv">
341
<h3 class="title">Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RRs</h3>
342
<div class="biblioentry"><p>[<span class="abbrev">RFC1712</span>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Farrell</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Schulze</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Pleitner</span>, and <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Baldoni</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> Encoding of Geographical
343
Location</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p></div>
354
<div class="biblioentry">
355
<a name="id2598368"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1183</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.F.</span> <span class="surname">Everhart</span>, <span class="firstname">L. A.</span> <span class="surname">Mamakos</span>, <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Ullmann</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>New <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR Definitions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1990. </span></p>
357
<div class="biblioentry">
358
<a name="id2598425"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1706</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Colella</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> NSAP Resource Records</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1994. </span></p>
360
<div class="biblioentry">
361
<a name="id2598462"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2168</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using
362
the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 1997. </span></p>
364
<div class="biblioentry">
365
<a name="id2598498"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1876</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Davis</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span>, and <span class="firstname">I.</span> <span class="surname">Dickinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Means for Expressing Location Information in the
367
Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1996. </span></p>
369
<div class="biblioentry">
370
<a name="id2598620"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2052</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> RR for Specifying the
372
Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
374
<div class="biblioentry">
375
<a name="id2598659"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2163</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Allocchio</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Internet <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> to
377
Conformant Global Address Mapping</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1998. </span></p>
379
<div class="biblioentry">
380
<a name="id2598684"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2230</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Atkinson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Key Exchange Delegation Record for the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym></i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
382
<div class="biblioentry">
383
<a name="id2598710"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2536</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DSA KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
385
<div class="biblioentry">
386
<a name="id2598737"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/MD5 KEYs and SIGs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
388
<div class="biblioentry">
389
<a name="id2598763"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2538</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
391
<div class="biblioentry">
392
<a name="id2598803"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2539</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Storage of Diffie-Hellman Keys in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
394
<div class="biblioentry">
395
<a name="id2598833"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2540</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Detached Domain Name System (DNS) Information</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
397
<div class="biblioentry">
398
<a name="id2598862"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2782</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gulbrandsen</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">L.</span> <span class="surname">Esibov</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR for specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2000. </span></p>
400
<div class="biblioentry">
401
<a name="id2598905"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2915</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Mealling</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daniel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
403
<div class="biblioentry">
404
<a name="id2598938"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3110</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the Domain Name System (DNS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2001. </span></p>
406
<div class="biblioentry">
407
<a name="id2598965"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Koch</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A DNS RR Type for Lists of Address Prefixes (APL RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">June 2001. </span></p>
409
<div class="biblioentry">
410
<a name="id2598988"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3596</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Thomson</span>, <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>, <span class="firstname">V.</span> <span class="surname">Ksinant</span>, and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Souissi</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Extensions to support IP
411
version 6</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 2003. </span></p>
413
<div class="biblioentry">
414
<a name="id2599046"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3597</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Gustafsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Handling of Unknown DNS Resource Record (RR) Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2003. </span></p>
417
<div class="bibliodiv">
419
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and the Internet</h3>
420
<div class="biblioentry">
421
<a name="id2599078"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1101</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P. V.</span> <span class="surname">Mockapetris</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Network Names
422
and Other Types</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1989. </span></p>
424
<div class="biblioentry">
425
<a name="id2599104"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1123</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="surname">Braden</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and
426
Support</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1989. </span></p>
428
<div class="biblioentry">
429
<a name="id2599126"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1591</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Postel</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Structure and Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1994. </span></p>
431
<div class="biblioentry">
432
<a name="id2599149"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2317</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">H.</span> <span class="surname">Eidnes</span>, <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">de Groot</span>, and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA Delegation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1998. </span></p>
434
<div class="biblioentry">
435
<a name="id2599195"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2826</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">Internet Architecture Board</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>IAB Technical Comment on the Unique DNS Root</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
437
<div class="biblioentry">
438
<a name="id2599219"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2929</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>, <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Brunner-Williams</span>, and <span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2000. </span></p>
441
<div class="bibliodiv">
443
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operations</h3>
444
<div class="biblioentry">
445
<a name="id2599276"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1033</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Lottor</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain administrators operations guide.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1987. </span></p>
447
<div class="biblioentry">
448
<a name="id2599300"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1537</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Beertema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Data File
449
Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1993. </span></p>
451
<div class="biblioentry">
452
<a name="id2599326"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1912</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Barr</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Common <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Operational and
453
Configuration Errors</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 1996. </span></p>
455
<div class="biblioentry">
456
<a name="id2599353"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2010</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Manning</span> and <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Vixie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Operational Criteria for Root Name Servers.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1996. </span></p>
458
<div class="biblioentry">
459
<a name="id2599389"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2219</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Hamilton</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Wright</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Use of <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Aliases for
460
Network Services.</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">October 1997. </span></p>
463
<div class="bibliodiv">
464
<h3 class="title">Internationalized Domain Names</h3>
465
<div class="biblioentry">
466
<a name="id2599435"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2825</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="surname">IAB</span> and <span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Daigle</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Tangled Web: Issues of I18N, Domain Names,
467
and the Other Internet protocols</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2000. </span></p>
469
<div class="biblioentry">
470
<a name="id2599467"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3490</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Faltstrom</span>, <span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span>, and <span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
472
<div class="biblioentry">
473
<a name="id2599513"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3491</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">P.</span> <span class="surname">Hoffman</span> and <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Blanchet</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
475
<div class="biblioentry">
476
<a name="id2599548"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3492</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Costello</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Punycode: A Bootstring encoding of Unicode
477
for Internationalized Domain Names in
478
Applications (IDNA)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2003. </span></p>
481
<div class="bibliodiv">
482
<h3 class="title">Other <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>-related RFCs</h3>
483
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
484
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
486
Note: the following list of RFCs, although
487
<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>-related, are not
488
concerned with implementing software.
491
<div class="biblioentry">
492
<a name="id2599593"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1464</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">R.</span> <span class="surname">Rosenbaum</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Using the Domain Name System To Store Arbitrary String
493
Attributes</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1993. </span></p>
495
<div class="biblioentry">
496
<a name="id2599616"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1713</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Romao</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Tools for <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Debugging</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
498
<div class="biblioentry">
499
<a name="id2599641"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1794</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Brisco</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Support for Load
500
Balancing</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1995. </span></p>
502
<div class="biblioentry">
503
<a name="id2599667"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2240</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Legal Basis for Domain Name Allocation</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1997. </span></p>
505
<div class="biblioentry">
506
<a name="id2599690"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2345</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>, <span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Wolf</span>, and <span class="firstname">G.</span> <span class="surname">Oglesby</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Names and Company Name Retrieval</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
508
<div class="biblioentry">
509
<a name="id2599736"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2352</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Vaughan</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>A Convention For Using Legal Names as Domain Names</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 1998. </span></p>
511
<div class="biblioentry">
512
<a name="id2599760"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3071</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Klensin</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Reflections on the DNS, RFC 1591, and Categories of Domains</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">February 2001. </span></p>
514
<div class="biblioentry">
515
<a name="id2599786"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3258</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">T.</span> <span class="surname">Hardie</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Distributing Authoritative Name Servers via
516
Shared Unicast Addresses</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2002. </span></p>
518
<div class="biblioentry">
519
<a name="id2599812"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3901</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">A.</span> <span class="surname">Durand</span> and <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Ihren</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS IPv6 Transport Operational Guidelines</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">September 2004. </span></p>
522
<div class="bibliodiv">
523
<h3 class="title">Obsolete and Unimplemented Experimental RFC</h3>
524
<div class="biblioentry">
525
<a name="id2599856"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC1712</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Farrell</span>, <span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Schulze</span>, <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Pleitner</span>, and <span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Baldoni</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Encoding of Geographical
526
Location</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 1994. </span></p>
528
<div class="biblioentry">
529
<a name="id2599913"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2673</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Binary Labels in the Domain Name System</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 1999. </span></p>
531
<div class="biblioentry">
532
<a name="id2599940"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2874</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">M.</span> <span class="surname">Crawford</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Huitema</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation
533
and Renumbering</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">July 2000. </span></p>
536
<div class="bibliodiv">
537
<h3 class="title">Obsoleted DNS Security RFCs</h3>
538
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
539
<h3 class="title">Note</h3>
541
Most of these have been consolidated into RFC4033,
542
RFC4034 and RFC4035 which collectively describe DNSSECbis.
545
<div class="biblioentry">
546
<a name="id2599988"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2065</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span> and <span class="firstname">C.</span> <span class="surname">Kaufman</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">January 1997. </span></p>
548
<div class="biblioentry">
549
<a name="id2600027"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2137</abbr>] <span class="author"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Secure Domain Name System Dynamic Update</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 1997. </span></p>
551
<div class="biblioentry">
552
<a name="id2600054"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC2535</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Eastlake</span>, <span class="lineage">3rd</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security Extensions</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 1999. </span></p>
554
<div class="biblioentry">
555
<a name="id2600084"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3008</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC)
556
Signing Authority</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2000. </span></p>
558
<div class="biblioentry">
559
<a name="id2600109"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3090</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone Status</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">March 2001. </span></p>
561
<div class="biblioentry">
562
<a name="id2600136"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3445</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">D.</span> <span class="surname">Massey</span> and <span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Rose</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Limiting the Scope of the KEY Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2002. </span></p>
564
<div class="biblioentry">
565
<a name="id2600172"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3655</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">B.</span> <span class="surname">Wellington</span> and <span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Redefinition of DNS Authenticated Data (AD) bit</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">November 2003. </span></p>
567
<div class="biblioentry">
568
<a name="id2600209"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3658</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Gudmundsson</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">December 2003. </span></p>
570
<div class="biblioentry">
571
<a name="id2600235"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3755</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">S.</span> <span class="surname">Weiler</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Legacy Resolver Compatibility for Delegation Signer (DS)</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">May 2004. </span></p>
573
<div class="biblioentry">
574
<a name="id2600262"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3757</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">O.</span> <span class="surname">Kolkman</span>, <span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>, and <span class="firstname">E.</span> <span class="surname">Lewis</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>Domain Name System KEY (DNSKEY) Resource Record
575
(RR) Secure Entry Point (SEP) Flag</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">April 2004. </span></p>
577
<div class="biblioentry">
578
<a name="id2600307"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">RFC3845</abbr>] <span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">J.</span> <span class="surname">Schlyter</span>. </span><span class="title"><i>DNS Security (DNSSEC) NextSECure (NSEC) RDATA Format</i>. </span><span class="pubdate">August 2004. </span></p>
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583
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
348
584
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
349
585
<a name="internet_drafts"></a>Internet Drafts</h3></div></div></div>
350
<p>Internet Drafts (IDs) are rough-draft working documents of
351
the Internet Engineering Task Force. They are, in essence, RFCs
352
in the preliminary stages of development. Implementors are cautioned not
353
to regard IDs as archival, and they should not be quoted or cited
354
in any formal documents unless accompanied by the disclaimer that
355
they are "works in progress." IDs have a lifespan of six months
356
after which they are deleted unless updated by their authors.
587
Internet Drafts (IDs) are rough-draft working documents of
588
the Internet Engineering Task Force. They are, in essence, RFCs
589
in the preliminary stages of development. Implementors are
591
to regard IDs as archival, and they should not be quoted or cited
592
in any formal documents unless accompanied by the disclaimer that
593
they are "works in progress." IDs have a lifespan of six months
594
after which they are deleted unless updated by their authors.
359
597
<div class="sect2" lang="en">
360
598
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
361
<a name="id2570087"></a>Other Documents About <span class="acronym">BIND</span></h3></div></div></div>
599
<a name="id2600348"></a>Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
600
</h3></div></div></div>
363
602
<div class="bibliography">
364
603
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
365
<a name="id2570097"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
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<div class="biblioentry"><p><span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Albitz</span> and <span class="firstname">Cricket</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><span class="acronym">DNS</span> and <span class="acronym">BIND</span></i>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright � 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. </span></p></div>
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<a name="id2600358"></a>Bibliography</h4></div></div></div>
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<div class="biblioentry">
606
<a name="id2600360"></a><p><span class="authorgroup"><span class="firstname">Paul</span> <span class="surname">Albitz</span> and <span class="firstname">Cricket</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="title"><i><acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></i>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright � 1998 Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and Associates. </span></p>
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