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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
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<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
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<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Dapper Drake">
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<!ENTITY distro-rev "6.06 LTS">
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<!ENTITY distro-release-date "June 2006">
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<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.15">
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<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.0.3">
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<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.3.6">
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<!ENTITY python-version "2.4.3">
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<!-- AUTHORS --><!ENTITY author-ubuntu-documentation-project SYSTEM "../common/authors/ubuntu-documentation-project.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-christoph-haas SYSTEM "../common/authors/christoph-haas.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-alexander-poslavsky SYSTEM "../common/authors/alexander-poslavsky.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-alan-hood SYSTEM "../common/authors/alan-hood.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-johnathon-hornbeck SYSTEM "../common/authors/johnathon-hornbeck.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-nick-loeve SYSTEM "../common/authors/nick-loeve.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-gordon-ingram SYSTEM "../common/authors/gordon-ingram.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-sean-wheller SYSTEM "../common/authors/sean-wheller.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-enrico-zini SYSTEM "../common/authors/enrico-zini.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-kevin-muligan SYSTEM "../common/authors/kevin-muligan.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-ari-torhamo SYSTEM "../common/authors/ari-torhamo.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-jeff-schering SYSTEM "../common/authors/jeff-schering.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-corey-burger SYSTEM "../common/authors/corey-burger.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-niel-tallim SYSTEM "../common/authors/niel-tallim.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-henry-meyerding SYSTEM "../common/authors/henry-meyerding.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-matthew-east SYSTEM "../common/authors/matthew-east.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-jerome-gotangco SYSTEM "../common/authors/jerome-gotangco.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-johnathan-jesse SYSTEM "../common/authors/johnathan-jesse.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-greg-taylor SYSTEM "../common/authors/greg-taylor.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-troy-williams SYSTEM "../common/authors/troy-williams.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-matt-galvin SYSTEM "../common/authors/matt-galvin.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-robert-stoffers SYSTEM "../common/authors/robert-stoffers.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-jordan-mantha SYSTEM "../common/authors/jordan-mantha.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-venkat-raghavan SYSTEM "../common/authors/venkat-raghavan.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-brian-burger SYSTEM "../common/authors/brian-burger.xml">
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<!ENTITY author-rocco-stanzione SYSTEM "../common/authors/rocco-stanzione.xml">
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<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
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<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
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<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode/">
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<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
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<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel #ubuntu">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/supportoptions/paidsupport">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/supportoptions/freesupport">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
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<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XChatHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RootSudo">
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<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HowToGetHelp">
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<!ENTITY transcode "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DVDRippingandEncoding">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Wine">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Cedega">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/NanoHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
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<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BasicCommands">
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<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/FilePermissions">
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<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/breezy/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-breezy/ship">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=68">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums2 "http://kubuntuforums.net">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "http://www.ubuntu.com/wiki/Kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://wiki.kubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">
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<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel xubuntu">
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<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
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<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
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<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
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<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
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<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
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<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
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<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
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<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
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<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
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<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
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<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
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<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=306&slide=1">
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<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
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<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
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<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
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<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
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<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
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<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
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<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
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<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
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<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
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<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
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<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
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<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
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<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
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<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
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<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
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<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
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<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
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<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
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<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
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<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
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<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
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<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
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<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
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<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
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<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
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<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
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<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
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<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
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<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
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<!ENTITY Breton "br">
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<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
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<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
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<!ENTITY Danish "da">
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<!ENTITY German "de">
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<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
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<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
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<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
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<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
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<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
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<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
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<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
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<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
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<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
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<!ENTITY French "fr">
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<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
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<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
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<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
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<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
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<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
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<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
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<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
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<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
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<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
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<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
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<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
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<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
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<!ENTITY Italian "it">
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<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
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<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
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<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
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<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
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<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
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<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
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<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
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<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
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<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
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<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
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<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
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<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
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<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
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<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
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<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
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<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
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<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
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<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
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<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
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<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
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<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
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<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
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<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
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<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
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<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
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<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
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<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
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<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
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<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
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<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
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<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
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<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
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<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
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<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
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<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
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<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
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<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
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<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
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<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
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<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
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<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
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<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
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<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
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<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
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<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
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<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
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<!ENTITY Somali "so">
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<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
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<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
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<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
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<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
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<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
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<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
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<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
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<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
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<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
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<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
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<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
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<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
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<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
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<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
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<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
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<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
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<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
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<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
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<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
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<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
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<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
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<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
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<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
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<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
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<!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../common/C/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
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<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
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<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
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<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
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<!ENTITY % xubuntu-ent SYSTEM "../../../xubuntu/libs/xubuntu.ent">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY dg-title "Desktop Guide">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu "<phrase>Xubuntu</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-team "Xubuntu Team">
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<!ENTITY xfce "Xfce">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu "Kubuntu">
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<!-- MENUS --><!-- Please keep entries alphabetical, it makes them much easier to find & use --><!ENTITY abiword SYSTEM "../menus/C/abiword.xml">
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<!ENTITY disks SYSTEM "../menus/C/disks.xml">
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<!ENTITY etherape SYSTEM "../menus/C/etherape.xml">
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<!ENTITY ethereal SYSTEM "../menus/C/ethereal.xml">
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<!ENTITY firefox SYSTEM "../menus/C/firefox.xml">
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<!ENTITY firestarter-firewall-tool SYSTEM "../menus/C/firestarter-firewall-tool.xml">
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<!ENTITY gaim SYSTEM "../menus/C/gaim.xml">
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<!ENTITY gimp SYSTEM "../menus/C/gimp.xml">
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<!ENTITY gnumeric SYSTEM "../menus/C/gnumeric.xml">
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<!ENTITY gqview SYSTEM "../menus/C/gqview.xml">
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<!ENTITY home-folder SYSTEM "../menus/C/home-folder.xml">
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<!ENTITY mousepad SYSTEM "../menus/C/mousepad.xml">
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<!ENTITY networking SYSTEM "../menus/C/networking.xml">
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<!ENTITY orage SYSTEM "../menus/C/orage.xml">
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<!ENTITY settings-manager SYSTEM "../menus/C/settings-manager.xml">
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<!ENTITY software-properties SYSTEM "../menus/C/software-properties.xml">
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<!ENTITY synaptic SYSTEM "../menus/C/synaptic.xml">
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<!ENTITY terminal SYSTEM "../menus/C/terminal.xml">
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<!ENTITY text-editor SYSTEM "../menus/C/text-editor.xml">
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<!ENTITY thunar SYSTEM "../menus/C/thunar.xml">
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<!ENTITY thunderbird SYSTEM "../menus/C/thunderbird.xml">
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<!ENTITY tuxtype SYSTEM "../menus/C/tuxtype.xml">
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<!ENTITY update-manager SYSTEM "../menus/C/update-manager.xml">
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<!ENTITY users-groups SYSTEM "../menus/C/users-groups.xml">
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<!ENTITY xfmedia SYSTEM "../menus/C/xfmedia.xml">
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<!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../../libs/xinclude.mod">
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<!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml">
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<!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED>
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<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED>
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<!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY>
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<!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include">
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<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'">
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<!ENTITY language "en">
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<chapter id="common-tasks-chap">
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<title>Common Tasks</title>
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<sect1 id="config-desktop">
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<title>Desktop</title>
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<sect2 id="change-background">
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<title>Change the desktop background image</title>
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If you want to set up a different background image, do:
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<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
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<guimenuitem>Settings</guimenuitem>
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<guimenuitem>Settings Manager</guimenuitem>
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Choose <option>Desktop</option>.
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In the section <option>Image</option>, click on the file icon. This will bring up up a <emphasis>open file dialog</emphasis>, where you can choose an alternative image.
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<sect2 id="desktopicons">
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<title>Application icons on the Desktop (CDE style)</title>
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To have minimized application icons instead of file/launcher icons displayed on your desktop, do this:
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<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
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<guimenuitem>Settings</guimenuitem>
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<guimenuitem>Settings Manager</guimenuitem>
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Choose <option>Desktop</option>, and then the tab <option>Behaviour</option>.
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Change the <option>Desktop Icons</option> entry from <option>File/launcher icons</option> to <option>Minimized Application Icons</option>.
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<sect2 id="panel-plugins">
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<title>Add Panel Plugins</title>
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Here is a list of available Plugins for your Xfce Panel:
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You will need super-user privileges to install the non-default plugins. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
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<term id="xkb-plugin"><application>Xfce XKB Plugin</application></term>
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Displays your current keyboard layout and allows to easily switch between multiple layouts. (For configuring layouts, see <xref linkend="switch-keyboard-layout"/>). Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="weather-plugin"><application>Xfce Weather Plugin</application></term>
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The weather plugin displays information about the current weather according your timezone and settings. It allows to search weather location code in the same plugin and displays weather status in little icons. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="wavelan-plugin"><application>Xfce Wavelan Plugin</application></term>
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The WaveLAN plugin displays information of a WaveLAN device. Installation: <screen>sudo apt-get install xfce4-wavelan-plugin</screen>
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<term id="verve-plugin"><application>Xfce Verve Plugin</application></term>
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The plugin displays a mini-command line on the Xfce panel. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="systemload-plugin"><application>Xfce Systemload Plugin</application></term>
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This plugin displays the current CPU load, the memory in use, the swap space. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="screenshoter-plugin"><application>Xfce Screenshoter Plugin</application></term>
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Xfce4-screenshooter-plugin is a simple plugin to take screenshots
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of your desktop. Installation: <screen>sudo apt-get install xfce4-screenshooter-plugin</screen>
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<term id="quicklauncher-plugin"><application>Xfce Quicklauncher Plugin</application></term>
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Application launcher plugin for the Xfce panel. Supports multline launchers, zoom effect, and more. Installation: Installed by Default.
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<term id="netload-plugin"><application>Xfce Netload Plugin</application></term>
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This plugin displays the current load of the network interfaces of your choice. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="mount-plugin"><application>Xfce Mount Plugin</application></term>
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This plugin for Xfce displays a list of the various devices available, giving
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the opportunity to mount/umount them. Note that most removable media is mounted automatically by the File Manager in <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase>. Installation: <screen>sudo apt-get install xfce4-mount-plugin</screen>
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<term id="mailwatch-plugin"><application>Xfce Mailwatch Plugin</application></term>
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Mail checker panel plugin with support for local, POP3, IMAP, and Gmail accounts. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="genmon-plugin"><application>Xfce Generic Monitor Plugin</application></term>
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This plugin repeatedly spawns the indicated script/program, displaying its output as a string in the panel. It is useful for periodic status monitoring. Installation: <screen>sudo apt-get install xfce4-genmon-plugin</screen>
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<term id="fsguard-plugin"><application>Xfce Filesystem Guard Plugin</application></term>
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The fsguard plugin checks free space on a chosen mountpoint frequently and displays an alarm if free space is less than given alarm limit. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="cpugraph-plugin"><application>Xfce CPU Graph Plugin</application></term>
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The CPU graph plugin displays a graph of your current system load. Installation: Installed by default.
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<term id="clipman-plugin"><application>Xfce Clipman Plugin</application></term>
530
Store and recall sequential X clipboard selections in Xfce4 with this plugin. Installation: <screen>sudo apt-get install xfce4-clipman-plugin</screen>
535
<term id="battery-plugin"><application>Xfce Battery Plugin</application></term>
538
A battery monitor panel plugin for Xfce4 compatible with APM and ACPI. Installation: Installed by default.
544
<sect2 id="window-manager-style">
545
<title>Add new Window Manager Style</title>
547
When you download new window manager styles, they usually come in a .tar or .zip archive. Extract the contents, and do:
548
<screen>sudo cp -r folder-with-new-theme /usr/share/themes/</screen>
552
You will need super-user privileges to do this. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
560
<sect1 id="multimedia">
561
<title>Get Multimedia support</title>
563
Please note that <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase> comes with very limited multi-media support. The reason for this is that many popular multimedia formats are not free: They are protected either by patent or license restrictions. To prevent problems, <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase> ships without support of these formats. Please consider using and supporting open and free multimedia formats such as <ulink url=" http://www.vorbis.com/">Ogg Vorbis</ulink> (Audio) and <ulink url="http://theora.org/">Ogg Theora</ulink> (Video).
566
If, however, you still want to use restricted multimedia formats, you will need to enable the <emphasis>Universe</emphasis> and <emphasis>Multiverse</emphasis> repositories (see <xref linkend="extra-repositories"/>). You will want to install at least the following packages:
567
<screen>gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
570
gstreamer0.10-plugins-base
571
gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
572
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse
579
libxine-main1</screen>
581
With these packages installed, you should be able to play many multimedia formats. Please refer to <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats"/> for detailed information on getting even more formats to play.
584
<sect1 id="switch-keyboard-layout">
585
<title>Switching the keyboard layout</title>
587
There is currently no graphical tool to switch the keyboard layout in <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase>. To do this, you will need to edit the file <emphasis>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</emphasis>.
591
Be warned that this is an important file for the system and you should be careful with it. You will need administrative privileges to edit it (Cf. <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>). It is recommended to make a backup of this file before editing it: <screen>sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.BACKUP</screen>
595
Find the section that looks like this:
597
Section "InputDevice"
598
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
600
Option "CoreKeyboard"
601
Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
602
Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
603
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
605
Change "us" to whatever language code you prefer. Next, type this from a terminal:
606
<screen>setxkbmap <language_code></screen> That's it.
610
If you enter more than one language code, e.g. "us,de" for US-American and German layout, you can easily switch between these two with the the <link linkend="xkb-plugin">XKB Layout Switcher Plugin</link> panel plugin.
614
<sect1 id="printer-configuration">
615
<title>Printer configuration</title>
617
Getting your printer to work on <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase> may require some work. Most likely, your printer will be auto-detected by <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase>. However, you will still need to configure it by hand. You can either do this in your browser, or in a terminal:
621
You will need super-user privileges to configure a printer. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
624
<sect2 id="cups-web-admin">
625
<title>Printer Configuration with the Browser</title>
627
First, you will need to enable the web administration interface of CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System).
634
<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
635
<guimenuitem>System</guimenuitem>
636
<guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem>
637
</menuchoice>, click on the tab <guilabel>Groups</guilabel>, and check <guilabel>Show all users and groups</guilabel>
642
Select the group <emphasis>shadow</emphasis> and click <guilabel>Properties</guilabel>.
647
Add the user <emphasis>cupsys</emphasis> to the group.
652
Restart CUPS with this command:
654
$sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart</screen>
659
Next, visit the web interface by entering <emphasis>http://localhost:631/admin</emphasis> in your browser's location bar. Once there, you will be able to see, install, and configure the detected printers on your system.
662
<sect2 id="cups-terminal">
663
<title>Printer Configuration with the Terminal (Advanced Users)</title>
665
To manage printers in the terminal, CUPS provides the commands <emphasis>lpadmin, lpinfo, lpoptions</emphasis>. Please refer to the CUPS online manual <ulink url="http://www.cups.org/doc-1.1/sam.html#4_3">Managing Printers from the Command-Line</ulink> for detailed information on how to use these commands.
668
To check if your printer has been detected correctly, do:
673
To add a printer, do something similar to:
675
lpadmin -p DeskJet -E -v parallel:/dev/lp1 -m deskjet.ppd</screen>
679
If you experience problems getting your printer to work, you may consider installing <application>gnome-cups-manager</application>. It is available by the usual manner described in <xref linkend="add-applications"/> and will offer a nice graphical tool to set up your printer. WARNING: installing <application>gnome-cups-manager</application> will bring in many dependencies to the Gnome desktop, thus increasing the size of your system, while making it slower. It is therefore not recommended to install <application>gnome-cups-manager</application> on <phrase>Xubuntu</phrase>. In some cases, however, it may be worth the trade-off to get your printer working.
684
<sect1 id="users-and-groups">
685
<title>Managing Users and Groups</title>
687
To add users or groups to your system, you can use the <application>Users And Groups</application> application located in
689
<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
690
<guimenuitem>System</guimenuitem>
691
<guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem>
696
You will need super-user privileges to launch the <application>Users and Groups</application> tool. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
700
To add a new user, click on <guilabel>Add user</guilabel>, fill-in the data fields then click <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. To edit the properties of each user, click the <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> button located in the main <guilabel>Users</guilabel> window.
703
To add a new group, select the <guilabel>Groups</guilabel> tab and click <guilabel>Add group</guilabel>. Choose a name for the new group and, if you want, change the default value for the <guilabel>Group ID</guilabel>. If you try to allocate a <guilabel>Group ID</guilabel> that is in use, the system will warn you.
706
You can add users to the newly created group by selecting a user from the left menu and clicking on the <guilabel>Add</guilabel> button. Removing a user is as simple as adding one: select a user from the right menu then click <guilabel>Remove</guilabel>. When you are ready, click <guilabel>OK</guilabel> and the new group with its users, if inserted, will be created.
709
To edit the properties of a group, from within the <guilabel>Groups</guilabel> main window, choose a group name and click on the <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> button.
712
To remove a user or a group from the system, select the user or group you want to delete and click <guilabel>Delete</guilabel>.
715
<sect1 id="networking">
716
<title>Networking</title>
717
<sect2 id="configure-networking">
718
<title>Configure Networking</title>
720
<phrase>Xubuntu</phrase> comes with a graphical networking utility. Launch it with
722
<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
723
<guimenuitem>System</guimenuitem>
724
<guimenuitem>Networking</guimenuitem>
728
This tool will allow you to configure all aspects of your network connection - setting up DHCP, static IP addresses, configuring modem dial-up, and more. It will also allow you to set up different profiles for use with a laptop. This is very convenient if you need location-dependent networking setups.
732
You will need super-user privileges to run the Networking utility. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
737
<sect2 id="connect-to-internet">
738
<title>Connect to the Internet</title>
740
This task is usually very simple, however it requires a minimum of involvement on your part. Of course, you will need to have subscribed to an <emphasis>Internet Service Provider</emphasis>, and that your Internet connection be installed and functional.
743
There are several ways to connect to the Internet, depending on what type of connection you have, you could have broadband (i.e. ADSL), dialup (i.e. a 56 kbit/s modem) or access to Internet directly via your Local Area Network for instance.
746
Go to the following section corresponding to your type of connection.
749
<title>Broadband</title>
751
If you have an ADSL or cable modem there are several possibilities, depending on the type of modem.
754
<title>Ethernet Modem (pppoe)</title>
756
If your modem connects to your PC with an ethernet network cable you probably want to setup a <emphasis>pppoe connection</emphasis>. However, nowadays many modems also integrate a router, in this case you should follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you may find extra help in the Local Area Network section below (if you configure the device via a web interface, it probably has an integrated router).
759
<title>ADSLPPPoE</title>
765
A DSL account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
770
Username and password for that account.
775
A DSL modem to which you connect using an Ethernet network card.
780
Your Ubuntu box with its Ethernet card enabled for DHCP.
785
Possible knowledge of installing packages with synaptic.
792
Make sure that your ADSL connection has been activated by your ISP before starting this procedure. Generally there is a "dsl" light on your modem that is lit showing your connection should be activated.
796
Ubuntu by default installs the "pppoeconf" package. If you are not sure if you have it you can check by typing this in a terminal window :
797
<screen>dpkg -s pppoeconf</screen>
798
If it is not installed yet, do it by yourself, following the hints in <xref linkend="add-applications"/>.
801
Once you are sure that you have the package installed its time to configure your connection. Type in a terminal:
802
<screen>sudo pppoeconf</screen>
803
A text-based installer will take you through the setup. To manually connect using your configured setup, type:
804
<screen>pon dsl-provider</screen>
809
<title>USB modem</title>
811
This is probably the most demanding type of modem to set up, USB is far from the ideal medium for network access. If you have a modem that can connect both via USB and ethernet it will be best to use the ethernet connection.
814
If you have a USB modem, you should refer to <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UsbAdslModem"/>
817
More support for installing a USB modem can be found at:
821
<ulink url="http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=189972#post189972"/>
826
<ulink url="http://forum.eagle-usb.org/"/>
831
<ulink url="http://eciadsl.flashtux.org/"/>
839
<title>Dialup</title>
841
If you have a dialup connection, a 56 kbit/s or slower modem, you should refer to <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DialupModemHowto"/>.
845
<title>Local Area Network</title>
847
If you connect to the Internet via a Local Area Network (ethernet or wireless for example), the configuration depends entirely on your network.
850
Configuration information should be provided by your network administrator.
853
If you connect via a router on a home network, you should read the router's documentation.
856
You may have to configure the interface through which you connect to use DHCP (dynamic configuration, usually the default) or specify an IP address, default gateway and DNS server.
860
<sect2 id="change-computer-name">
861
<title>Change the Computer's Name</title>
864
You will need super-user privileges for this task. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
872
<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
873
<guimenuitem>System</guimenuitem>
874
<guimenuitem>Networking</guimenuitem>
879
<para>Select the <guibutton>General</guibutton> tab.
880
Enter the name of the computer in the
881
<guilabel>Hostname</guilabel> field.</para>
884
<para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>, close all
885
open applications and reboot.</para>
890
<sect1 id="system-tasks">
891
<title>System Tasks</title>
892
<sect2 id="listpartitiontables">
893
<title>Check disk space usage and view the partition table</title>
896
You will need super-user privileges for this task. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
903
<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>
904
<guimenuitem>System</guimenuitem>
905
<guimenuitem>Disks</guimenuitem>
910
<para>Select <guibutton>Hard Disk</guibutton>, then the <guibutton>Partitions</guibutton> tab</para>
913
<para>Each partition will be listed under <guilabel>Partition List</guilabel>, with disk space and mount point.</para>
918
<title>List devices</title>
921
<para>To list mounted devices, run the following command in a terminal:</para>
922
<screen>mount</screen>
923
<para>The listing shows the device (such as a hard disk partition), the mount point (where you access the files), the filesystem type and the mount options.</para>
924
<para>This example shows the hda2 hard disk partition mounted as '/', with the filesystem type ext3. The partition is mounted with two options, one to allow the device to be read from and wrote to and the other to remount the device as read only in the event of any errors.</para>
925
<screen>/dev/hda2 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro)</screen>
928
<para>To list PCI devices:</para>
929
<screen>lspci</screen>
932
<para>To list USB devices:</para>
933
<screen>lsusb</screen>
939
<title>Mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROMs manually</title>
942
You will need super-user privileges for this task. See <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>.
947
<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/media/cdrom0/</filename> is the location of CD/DVD-ROM</para>
950
<para>To mount CD/DVD-ROM:</para>
953
sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide</screen>
957
<para>To unmount CD/DVD-ROM:</para>
960
sudo umount /media/cdrom0/</screen>
966
<sect1 id="hardware">
967
<title>Setting up Hardware</title>
970
<sect2 id="wireless-cards">
971
<title>Set up Wireless Cards</title>
972
<para>Many wireless cards are automatically detected by Ubuntu during installation. A complete listing of wireless cards which work with Ubuntu can be found on <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsWirelessNetworkCards">Ubuntu Wiki</ulink>. Please add your wireless card to the list if it works with Ubuntu.</para>
973
<para>Some cards may not work automatically with Ubuntu. If this is the case, please look at the <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WirelessTroubleshootingGuide">Wireless Troubleshooting Guide</ulink> on the Ubuntu Wiki which is an excellent resource for troubleshooting wireless cards.
975
<para>All information regarding wireless networking on Ubuntu is collected at <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WifiDocs">Wireless Networking Central</ulink> on the Ubuntu Wiki.
979
<title>Set up Modems</title>
980
<sect3 id="winmodems">
981
<title>Winmodems</title>
982
<para>Most winmodems are not supported by Ubuntu, but drivers can be found that will enable the use of such modems. First you need to identify what chipset your winmodem is using:</para>
985
wget -c <ulink url="http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz</ulink>
986
gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem
989
mousepad Modem/ModemData.txt</screen>
991
<para>Read this file, it should list what modem chipset you have. Once you are aware of the chipset you have, see <ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/">http://www.linmodems.org/</ulink> and follow the directions for your modem. More infomation can be found at <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SettingUpModems">SettingUpModems</ulink> on the Ubuntu Wiki.</para>
994
<title>ADSL Modems</title>
995
<para>All PPPOE and router-style ADSL modems are supported by Ubuntu (that use ethernet for the connections), and some USB ADSL modems are supported too. For router-style ADSL modems, just connect it up, configure the modem as per your ISPs instructions and configure networking in Ubuntu. For information on PPPOE modems see <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ADSLPPPoE">this guide</ulink> on the Ubuntu wiki.</para>