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* mount(8) -- mount a filesystem
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* Copyright (C) 2011 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
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* Written by Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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* (at your option) any later version.
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU General Public License for more details.
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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* Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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#include <sys/types.h>
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* -p, --pass-fd is unsupported
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* --guess-fstype is unsupported
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* -c = --no-canonicalize
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#define EX_USAGE 1 /* incorrect invocation or permission */
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#define EX_SYSERR 2 /* out of memory, cannot fork, ... */
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#define EX_SOFTWARE 4 /* internal mount bug or wrong version */
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#define EX_USER 8 /* user interrupt */
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#define EX_FILEIO 16 /* problems writing, locking, ... mtab/fstab */
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#define EX_FAIL 32 /* mount failure */
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#define EX_SOMEOK 64 /* some mount succeeded */
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static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) exit_non_root(const char *option)
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const uid_t ruid = getuid();
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const uid_t euid = geteuid();
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if (ruid == 0 && euid != 0) {
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/* user is root, but setuid to non-root */
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errx(EX_USAGE, _("only root can use \"--%s\" option "
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"(effective UID is %u)"),
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errx(EX_USAGE, _("only root can do that "
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"(effective UID is %u)"), euid);
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errx(EX_USAGE, _("only root can use \"--%s\" option"), option);
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errx(EX_USAGE, _("only root can do that"));
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static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) print_version(void)
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const char *ver = NULL;
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mnt_get_library_version(&ver);
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printf("%s from %s (libmount %s)\n",
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program_invocation_short_name, PACKAGE_STRING, ver);
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static int table_parser_errcb(struct libmnt_table *tb __attribute__((__unused__)),
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const char *filename, int line)
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warnx(_("%s: parse error: ignore entry at line %d."),
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static const char *opt_to_longopt(int c, const struct option *opts)
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const struct option *o;
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for (o = opts; o->name; o++)
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static void print_all(struct libmnt_context *cxt, char *pattern, int show_label)
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struct libmnt_table *tb;
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struct libmnt_iter *itr = NULL;
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struct libmnt_fs *fs;
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struct libmnt_cache *cache = NULL;
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if (mnt_context_get_mtab(cxt, &tb))
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to read mtab"));
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itr = mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to initialize libmount iterator"));
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cache = mnt_new_cache();
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while (mnt_table_next_fs(tb, itr, &fs) == 0) {
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const char *type = mnt_fs_get_fstype(fs);
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const char *src = mnt_fs_get_source(fs);
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const char *optstr = mnt_fs_get_options(fs);
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if (type && pattern && !mnt_match_fstype(type, pattern))
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xsrc = mnt_pretty_path(src, cache);
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printf ("%s on %s", xsrc, mnt_fs_get_target(fs));
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printf (" type %s", type);
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printf (" (%s)", optstr);
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if (show_label && src) {
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char *lb = mnt_cache_find_tag_value(cache, src, "LABEL");
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printf (" [%s]", lb);
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mnt_free_cache(cache);
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* ... -F is not supported yet (TODO)
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static int mount_all(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
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int forkme __attribute__((unused)))
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struct libmnt_iter *itr;
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struct libmnt_fs *fs;
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int mntrc, ignored, rc = EX_SUCCESS;
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itr = mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
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warn(_("failed to initialize libmount iterator"));
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while (mnt_context_next_mount(cxt, itr, &fs, &mntrc, &ignored) == 0) {
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const char *tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(fs);
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if (mnt_context_is_verbose(cxt))
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printf(ignored == 1 ? _("%-20s: ignored\n") :
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_("%-20s: already mounted\n"),
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} else if (!mnt_context_get_status(cxt)) {
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printf(_("%-20s: failed: %s\n"), tgt,
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printf(_("%-20s: failed\n"), tgt);
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if (mnt_context_is_verbose(cxt))
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printf("%-20s: successfully mounted\n", tgt);
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static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(FILE *out)
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fprintf(out, _("Usage:\n"
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" %1$s -a [options]\n"
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" %1$s [options] <source> | <directory>\n"
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" %1$s [options] <source> <directory>\n"
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" %1$s <operation> <mountpoint> [<target>]\n"),
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program_invocation_short_name);
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" -a, --all mount all filesystems mentioned in fstab\n"
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" -c, --no-canonicalize don't canonicalize paths\n"
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" -f, --fake dry run; skip the mount(2) syscall\n"
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" -F, --fork fork off for each device (use with -a)\n"));
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" -h, --help display this help text and exit\n"
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" -i, --internal-only don't call the mount.<type> helpers\n"
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" -l, --show-labels lists all mounts with LABELs\n"
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" -n, --no-mtab don't write to /etc/mtab\n"));
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" -o, --options <list> comma-separated list of mount options\n"
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" -O, --test-opts <list> limit the set of filesystems (use with -a)\n"
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" -r, --read-only mount the filesystem read-only (same as -o ro)\n"
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" -t, --types <list> limit the set of filesystem types\n"));
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" -v, --verbose say what is being done\n"
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" -V, --version display version information and exit\n"
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" -w, --read-write mount the filesystem read-write (default)\n"));
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" -L, --label <label> synonym for LABEL=<label>\n"
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" -U, --uuid <uuid> synonym for UUID=<uuid>\n"
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" LABEL=<label> specifies device by filesystem label\n"
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" UUID=<uuid> specifies device by filesystem UUID\n"));
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" <device> specifies device by path\n"
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" <directory> mountpoint for bind mounts (see --bind/rbind)\n"
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" <file> regular file for loopdev setup\n"));
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" -B, --bind mount a subtree somewhere else (same as -o bind)\n"
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" -M, --move move a subtree to some other place\n"
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" -R, --rbind mount a subtree and all submounts somewhere else\n"));
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" --make-shared mark a subtree as shared\n"
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" --make-slave mark a subtree as slave\n"
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" --make-private mark a subtree as private\n"
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" --make-unbindable mark a subtree as unbindable\n"));
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" --make-rshared recursively mark a whole subtree as shared\n"
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" --make-rslave recursively mark a whole subtree as slave\n"
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" --make-rprivate recursively mark a whole subtree as private\n"
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" --make-runbindable recursively mark a whole subtree as unbindable\n"));
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fprintf(out, _("\nFor more information see mount(8).\n"));
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exit(out == stderr ? EX_USAGE : EX_SUCCESS);
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int main(int argc, char **argv)
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int c, rc = EX_SUCCESS, all = 0, forkme = 0, show_labels = 0;
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struct libmnt_context *cxt;
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char *source = NULL, *srcbuf = NULL;
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unsigned long oper = 0;
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static const struct option longopts[] = {
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{ "all", 0, 0, 'a' },
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{ "fake", 0, 0, 'f' },
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{ "fork", 0, 0, 'F' },
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{ "help", 0, 0, 'h' },
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{ "no-mtab", 0, 0, 'n' },
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{ "read-only", 0, 0, 'r' },
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{ "verbose", 0, 0, 'v' },
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{ "version", 0, 0, 'V' },
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{ "read-write", 0, 0, 'w' },
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{ "options", 1, 0, 'o' },
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{ "test-opts", 1, 0, 'O' },
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{ "types", 1, 0, 't' },
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{ "uuid", 1, 0, 'U' },
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{ "label", 1, 0, 'L'},
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{ "bind", 0, 0, 'B' },
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{ "move", 0, 0, 'M' },
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{ "rbind", 0, 0, 'R' },
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{ "make-shared", 0, 0, 136 },
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{ "make-slave", 0, 0, 137 },
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{ "make-private", 0, 0, 138 },
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{ "make-unbindable", 0, 0, 139 },
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{ "make-rshared", 0, 0, 140 },
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{ "make-rslave", 0, 0, 141 },
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{ "make-rprivate", 0, 0, 142 },
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{ "make-runbindable", 0, 0, 143 },
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{ "no-canonicalize", 0, 0, 'c' },
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{ "internal-only", 0, 0, 'i' },
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{ "show-labels", 0, 0, 'l' },
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setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
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bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
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cxt = mnt_new_context();
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("libmount context allocation failed"));
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mnt_context_set_tables_errcb(cxt, table_parser_errcb);
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while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "aBcfFhilL:Mno:O:rRsU:vVwt:",
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longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
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/* only few options are allowed for non-root users */
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if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt) && !strchr("hlLUVv", c))
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exit_non_root(opt_to_longopt(c, longopts));
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mnt_context_disable_canonicalize(cxt, TRUE);
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mnt_context_enable_fake(cxt, TRUE);
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mnt_context_disable_helpers(cxt, TRUE);
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mnt_context_disable_mtab(cxt, TRUE);
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if (mnt_context_append_options(cxt, "ro"))
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to append options"));
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mnt_context_enable_verbose(cxt, TRUE);
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if (mnt_context_append_options(cxt, "rw"))
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to append options"));
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if (mnt_context_append_options(cxt, optarg))
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to append options"));
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if (mnt_context_set_options_pattern(cxt, optarg))
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to set options pattern"));
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errx(EX_USAGE, _("only one <source> may be specified"));
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if (asprintf(&srcbuf, "%s=\"%s\"",
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c == 'L' ? "LABEL" : "UUID", optarg) <= 0)
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err(EX_SYSERR, _("failed to allocate source buffer"));
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mnt_context_enable_sloppy(cxt, TRUE);
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oper = (MS_BIND | MS_REC);
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oper = MS_UNBINDABLE;
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oper = (MS_SHARED | MS_REC);
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oper = (MS_SLAVE | MS_REC);
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oper = (MS_PRIVATE | MS_REC);
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oper = (MS_UNBINDABLE | MS_REC);
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if (!source && !argc && !all) {
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print_all(cxt, types, show_labels);
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if (oper && (types || all || source))
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if (types && (all || strchr(types, ',') ||
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strncmp(types, "no", 2) == 0))
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mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern(cxt, types);
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mnt_context_set_fstype(cxt, types);
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rc = mount_all(cxt, forkme);
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} else if (argc == 0 && source) {
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mnt_context_set_source(cxt, source);
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} else if (argc == 1) {
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* C) mount [-L|-U] <target>
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* mount <source|target>
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if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt))
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mnt_context_set_source(cxt, source);
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mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[0]);
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} else if (argc == 2 && !source) {
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* D) mount <source> <target>
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if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt))
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mnt_context_set_source(cxt, argv[0]);
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mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[1]);
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mnt_context_set_mflags(cxt, oper);
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rc = mnt_context_mount(cxt);
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/* TODO: call mnt_context_strerror() */
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mnt_free_context(cxt);
added
removed
libmount/samples/mount.c
