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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Linux MD (Soft)RAID Add Script - Add a (new) harddisk to another multi MD-array harddisk
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# Last update: June 9, 2009
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# (C) Copyright 2005-2009 by Arno van Amersfoort
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# Homepage : http://rocky.eld.leidenuniv.nl/
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# Email : a r n o v a AT r o c k y DOT e l d DOT l e i d e n u n i v DOT n l
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# (note: you must remove all spaces and substitute the @ and the . at the proper locations!)
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
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# version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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# GNU General Public License for more details.
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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echo "Bad or missing parameter(s)"
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echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [ source_disk ] [ target_disk ] [ options ]"
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echo "--force = Even proceed if target device does not appear empty"
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echo "--noptupdate = Do NOT update the partition table on the target device (EXPERT!)"
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echo "--nombrupdate = Do NOT update the MBR boot-loader on the target device (EXPERT!)"
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cat /proc/partitions |awk '{ print $NF }' |sed -e '1,2d' -e 's,^/dev/,,'
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if ! which "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Binary \"$1\" does not exist or is not executable!\033[0m\n" >&2
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31m Please, make sure that it is (properly) installed!\033[0m\n" >&2
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if [ "$UID" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Root check FAILED (you MUST be root to use this script)! Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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if [ -z "$SOURCE" ] || [ -z "$TARGET" ]; then
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echo "ERROR: Bad or missing argument(s)"
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if ! echo "$SOURCE" |grep -q '^/dev/'; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Source device $SOURCE does not start with /dev/! Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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if ! echo "$TARGET" |grep -q '^/dev/'; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Target device $TARGET does not start with /dev/! Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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if echo "$SOURCE" |grep -q 'md[0-9]'; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: The source device specified is an md-device! Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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echo "A physical drive (part of the md-array('s)) is required as source device (ie. /dev/hda)!"
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# We also want variables without /dev/ :
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SOURCE_NODEV="$(echo "$SOURCE" |sed 's,^/dev/,,')"
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TARGET_NODEV="$(echo "$TARGET" |sed 's,^/dev/,,')"
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if ! get_partitions |grep -E -q -x "$SOURCE_NODEV""p?[0-9]+"; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Source device $SOURCE does not contain any partitions!? Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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if get_partitions |grep -E -q -x "$TARGET_NODEV""p?[0-9]+" && [ "$FORCE" != "1" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Target device $TARGET is NOT empty! Use --force to override. Quitting...\n\033[0m"
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echo "--> Saving mdadm detail scan to /tmp/mdadm-detail-scan.txt..."
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mdadm --detail --scan --verbose >/tmp/mdadm-detail-scan.txt
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: mdadm returned an error($retval) while determining detail information!\n\033[0m"
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echo "--> Saving partition table of target device $TARGET to /tmp/partitions.$TARGET_NODEV..."
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sfdisk -d "$TARGET" >"/tmp/partitions.$TARGET_NODEV"
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: sfdisk returned an error($retval) while reading the partition table!\n\033[0m"
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echo "--> Saving partition table of source device $SOURCE to /tmp/partitions.$SOURCE_NODEV..."
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sfdisk -d "$SOURCE" >"/tmp/partitions.$SOURCE_NODEV"
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: sfdisk returned an error($retval) while reading the partition table!\n\033[0m"
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for MDSTAT_LINE in `cat /proc/mdstat`; do
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if echo "$MDSTAT_LINE" |grep -q '^md'; then
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MD_DEV_LINE="$MDSTAT_LINE"
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MD_DEV="$(echo "$MDSTAT_LINE" |awk '{ print $1 }')"
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for part_nodev in `cat "/tmp/partitions.$TARGET_NODEV" |grep '^/dev/' |grep -v 'Id= 0' |awk '{ print $1 }' |sed 's,^/dev/,,'`; do
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if echo "$MD_DEV_LINE" |grep -E -q "[[:blank:]]$part_nodev\["; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mWARNING: Partition /dev/$part_nodev on target device is already in use by array /dev/$MD_DEV!\nPress enter to continue or CTRL-C to abort...\n\033[0m"
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if echo "$MDSTAT_LINE" |grep -E -q '[[:blank:]]blocks[[:blank:]]' && ! echo "$MDSTAT_LINE" |grep -q '_'; then
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# This array is NOT degraded so now check whether we want to add devices to it:
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for part_nodev in `cat "/tmp/partitions.$SOURCE_NODEV" |grep '^/dev/' |grep -v 'Id= 0' |awk '{ print $1 }' |sed 's,^/dev/,,'`; do
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if echo "$MD_DEV_LINE" |grep -E -q "[[:blank:]]$part_nodev\["; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mWARNING: Array $MD_DEV is NOT degraded, target device $TARGET$(echo "$part_nodev" |sed "s,$SOURCE_NODEV,,") will become a hotspare!\nPress enter to continue or CTRL-C to abort...\n\033[0m" echo "WARNING: Array is not degraded: $LINE"
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# Program entry point
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echo "MDadd for SoftRAID-MDADM v$MY_VERSION"
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echo "Written by Arno van Amersfoort"
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echo "--------------------------------"
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# Set environment variables to default
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ARGNAME="$(echo "$arg" |cut -d= -f1)"
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ARGVAL="$(echo "$arg" |cut -d= -f2)"
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if ! echo "$ARGNAME" |grep -q '^-'; then
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if [ -z "$SOURCE" ]; then
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if [ -z "$TARGET" ]; then
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--force|-force|-f) FORCE=1;;
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--noptupdate|-noptupdate|--noptu|-noptu) NOPTUPDATE=1;;
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--nombrupdate|-nombrupdate|--nombru|nombru) NOMBRUPDATE=1;;
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*) echo "ERROR: Bad argument: $ARGNAME";
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# Make sure everything is sane:
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# Disable all swaps on target disk
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echo "--> Disabling any swap partitions on target device $TARGET"
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for SWAP in `grep -E "^$TARGET""p?[0-9]+" /proc/swaps |awk '{ print $1 }'`; do
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swapoff $SWAP >/dev/null 2>&1
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# Update track0 on target disk
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if [ "$NOMBRUPDATE" != "1" ]; then
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echo "--> Copying track0(containing MBR) from $SOURCE to $TARGET..."
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dd if="$SOURCE" of="$TARGET" bs=65536 count=1
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: dd returned an error($retval) while copying track0!\n\033[0m"
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if [ "$NOPTUPDATE" != "1" ]; then
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echo "--> Restoring partition table from /tmp/partitions.$SOURCE_NODEV to $TARGET..."
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cat "/tmp/partitions.$SOURCE_NODEV" |sfdisk --force "$TARGET"
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: sfdisk returned an error($retval) while writing the partition table!\n\033[0m"
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echo "--> Restoring partition table from /tmp/partitions.$TARGET_NODEV to $TARGET..."
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cat "/tmp/partitions.$TARGET_NODEV" |sfdisk --force "$TARGET"
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: sfdisk returned an error($retval) while writing the partition table!\n\033[0m"
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# Copy/build all md devices that exist on the source drive:
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for LINE in `cat /tmp/mdadm-detail-scan.txt`; do
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if echo "$LINE" |grep -E -q '^ARRAY[[:blank:]]'; then
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MD_DEV=$(echo "$LINE" |awk '{ print $2 }')
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if echo "$LINE" |grep -q "devices=.*$SOURCE"; then
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PARTITION_NR="$(echo "$LINE" |sed -e "s:.*devices=.*$SOURCE::" -e "s:,.*::")"
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if [ -z "$PARTITION_NR" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: Unable to retrieve detail information for $SOURCE from $MD_DEV!\n\033[0m"
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# Check whether we're a root or boot partition
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if grep -E -q -e "^$MD_DEV[[:blank:]]*/boot[[:blank:]]" -e "$MD_DEV[[:blank:]]*/[[:blank:]]" /etc/fstab; then
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echo "--> Adding $TARGET$PARTITION_NR to RAID array $MD_DEV:"
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31m"
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mdadm --add "$MD_DEV" "$TARGET""$PARTITION_NR"
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if [ "$retval" != "0" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mERROR: mdadm returned an error($retval) while adding device!\n\033[0m"
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# Create swapspace on partitions with ID=82
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echo "--> Creating swapspace on target device (if any swap partitions exist):"
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for SWAP_DEVICE in `sfdisk -d "$TARGET" |grep -i 'Id=82' |awk '{ print $1 }'`; do
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mkswap "$SWAP_DEVICE"
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swapon "$SWAP_DEVICE"
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if ! grep -E -q "^$SWAP_DEVICE[[:blank:]]*none[[:blank:]]*swap[[:blank:]]" /etc/fstab; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mWARNING: /etc/fstab does NOT contain a (valid) swap entry for $SWAP_DEVICE\n\033[0m"
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#echo "--> Showing current mdadm detail-scan (you may need to update your mdadm.conf (manually):"
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#mdadm --detail --scan
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echo "--> Showing current /proc/mdstat (you may need to update your mdadm.conf (manually):"
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if [ "$NO_ADD" = "1" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mWARNING: No mdadm --add actions were performed, please investigate!\n\033[0m"
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if [ "$BOOT" = "1" ]; then
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printf "\033[40m\033[1;31mNOTE: Boot and/or root partition detected.\n You *MAY* need to reinstall your boot loader (ie. GRUB) on this device!\n\033[0m"
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# sanity check nopt (check if target device has a partition table)?
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# detect if device has superblock (mdadm --examine /dev/sda1; echo $?)?
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# continue ask (show what will be done):?
added
removed
contrib/mdadd.sh
