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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.5.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="migration.html" title="Part�IV.�Migration and Updating"><link rel="prev" href="NT4Migration.html" title="Chapter�36.�Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC"><link rel="next" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part�V.�Troubleshooting"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="NT4Migration.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�IV.�Migration and Updating</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="troubleshooting.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SWAT"></a>Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 21, 2003</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id443276">Features and Benefits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id443388">Guidelines and Technical Tips</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id443406">Validate SWAT Installation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#xinetd">Enabling SWAT for Use</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id443979">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444125">Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id444311">Overview and Quick Tour</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444322">The SWAT Home Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444375">Global Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444471">Share Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444523">Printers Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444575">The SWAT Wizard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444631">The Status Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444670">The View Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444687">The Password Change Page</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Official Samba 3.5.x HOWTO and Reference Guide"><link rel="up" href="migration.html" title="Part�IV.�Migration and Updating"><link rel="prev" href="NT4Migration.html" title="Chapter�36.�Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC"><link rel="next" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part�V.�Troubleshooting"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="NT4Migration.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part�IV.�Migration and Updating</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="troubleshooting.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SWAT"></a>Chapter�37.�SWAT: The Samba Web Administration Tool</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></code></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 21, 2003</p></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id443273">Features and Benefits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id443386">Guidelines and Technical Tips</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id443404">Validate SWAT Installation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#xinetd">Enabling SWAT for Use</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id443982">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444127">Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="SWAT.html#id444313">Overview and Quick Tour</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444324">The SWAT Home Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444377">Global Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444473">Share Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444525">Printers Settings</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444577">The SWAT Wizard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444633">The Status Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444672">The View Page</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="SWAT.html#id444690">The Password Change Page</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
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There are many and varied opinions regarding the usefulness of SWAT. No matter how hard one tries to produce
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the perfect configuration tool, it remains an object of personal taste. SWAT is a tool that allows Web-based
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configuration of Samba. It has a wizard that may help to get Samba configured quickly, it has
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context-sensitive help on each <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> parameter, it provides for monitoring of current state of connection
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information, and it allows networkwide MS Windows network password management.
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</p><div class="sect1" title="Features and Benefits"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id443276"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect1" title="Features and Benefits"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id443273"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div></div><p>
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SWAT is a facility that is part of the Samba suite. The main executable is called
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<code class="literal">swat</code> and is invoked by the internetworking super daemon.
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See <a class="link" href="SWAT.html#xinetd" title="Enabling SWAT for Use">appropriate section</a> for details.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443307"></a>
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SWAT uses integral Samba components to locate parameters supported by the particular
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version of Samba. Unlike tools and utilities that are external to Samba, SWAT is always
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up to date as known Samba parameters change. SWAT provides context-sensitive help for each
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configuration parameter, directly from <code class="literal">man</code> page entries.
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Some network administrators believe that it is a good idea to write systems
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documentation inside configuration files, and for them SWAT will always be a nasty tool. SWAT
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does not store the configuration file in any intermediate form; rather, it stores only the
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as well as parameters that are no longer supported, will be lost from the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file.
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Additionally, the parameters will be written back in internal ordering.
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</p><div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443367"></a>
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Before using SWAT, please be warned SWAT will completely replace your <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> with
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a fully optimized file that has been stripped of all comments you might have placed there
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and only nondefault settings will be written to the file.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Guidelines and Technical Tips"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id443388"></a>Guidelines and Technical Tips</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Guidelines and Technical Tips"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id443386"></a>Guidelines and Technical Tips</h2></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443394"></a>
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This section aims to unlock the dark secrets behind how SWAT may be made to work,
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how it can be made more secure, and how to solve internationalization support problems.
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</p><div class="sect2" title="Validate SWAT Installation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id443406"></a>Validate SWAT Installation</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect2" title="Validate SWAT Installation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id443404"></a>Validate SWAT Installation</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The very first step that should be taken before attempting to configure a host
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system for SWAT operation is to check that it is installed. This may seem a trivial
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point to some, but several Linux distributions do not install SWAT by default,
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even though they do ship an installable binary support package containing SWAT
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on the distribution media.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443427"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443424"></a>
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When you have confirmed that SWAT is installed, it is necessary to validate
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that the installation includes the binary <code class="literal">swat</code> file as well
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as all the supporting text and Web files. A number of operating system distributions
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in the past have failed to include the necessary support files, even though the
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<code class="literal">swat</code> binary executable file was installed.
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Finally, when you are sure that SWAT has been fully installed, please check that SWAT
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is enabled in the control file for the internetworking super-daemon (inetd or xinetd)
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that is used on your operating system platform.
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</p><div class="sect3" title="Locating the SWAT File"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id443468"></a>Locating the <code class="literal">SWAT</code> File</h4></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect3" title="Locating the SWAT File"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id443466"></a>Locating the <code class="literal">SWAT</code> File</h4></div></div></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443493"></a>
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To validate that SWAT is installed, first locate the <code class="literal">swat</code> binary
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file on the system. It may be found under the following directories:</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/bin</code> the default Samba location</td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">/usr/sbin</code> the default location on most Linux systems</td></tr><tr><td><code class="filename">/opt/samba/bin</code></td></tr></table><p>
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There are a number of methods that may be used to locate the <code class="literal">swat</code> binary file.
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The following methods may be helpful.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443575"></a>
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If <code class="literal">swat</code> is in your current operating system search path, it will be easy to
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find it. You can ask what are the command-line options for <code class="literal">swat</code> as shown here:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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-l, --log-basename=LOGFILEBASE Basename for log/debug files
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-V, --version Print version
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</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Locating the SWAT Support Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id443609"></a>Locating the SWAT Support Files</h4></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect3" title="Locating the SWAT Support Files"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id443611"></a>Locating the SWAT Support Files</h4></div></div></div><p>
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Now that you have found that <code class="literal">swat</code> is in the search path, it is easy
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to identify where the file is located. Here is another simple way this may be done:
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</p><pre class="screen">
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This means that SWAT is disabled. To enable use of SWAT, set this parameter to <code class="constant">no</code>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443843"></a>
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Both of the previous examples assume that the <code class="literal">swat</code> binary has been
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located in the <code class="filename">/usr/sbin</code> directory. In addition to the above,
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SWAT will use a directory access point from which it will load its Help files
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systems is in the directory <code class="filename">/usr/share/samba/swat</code>. The default
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location using Samba defaults will be <code class="filename">/usr/local/samba/swat</code>.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id443886"></a>
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Access to SWAT will prompt for a logon. If you log onto SWAT as any non-root user,
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the only permission allowed is to view certain aspects of configuration as well as
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access to the password change facility. The buttons that will be exposed to the non-root
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full change and commit ability. The buttons that will be exposed include
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<span class="guibutton">HOME</span>, <span class="guibutton">GLOBALS</span>, <span class="guibutton">SHARES</span>, <span class="guibutton">PRINTERS</span>,
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<span class="guibutton">WIZARD</span>, <span class="guibutton">STATUS</span>, <span class="guibutton">VIEW</span>, and <span class="guibutton">PASSWORD</span>.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Securing SWAT through SSL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id443979"></a>Securing SWAT through SSL</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Securing SWAT through SSL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id443982"></a>Securing SWAT through SSL</h3></div></div></div><p>
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Many people have asked about how to set up SWAT with SSL to allow for secure remote
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administration of Samba. Here is a method that works, courtesy of Markus Krieger.
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Modifications to the SWAT setup are as follows:
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</p><div class="procedure"><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step" title="Step 1"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444020"></a>
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</p></li><li class="step" title="Step 2"><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444031"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444038"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444033"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444040"></a>
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Generate certificate and private key.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444047"></a>
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</p><pre class="screen">
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<code class="prompt">root# </code><strong class="userinput"><code>/usr/bin/openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -config \
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/usr/share/doc/packages/stunnel/stunnel.cnf \
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-l /usr/local/samba/bin/swat swat </code></strong>
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</pre></li></ol></div><p>
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Afterward, simply connect to SWAT by using the URL <a class="ulink" href="https://myhost:901" target="_top">https://myhost:901</a>, accept the certificate, and the SSL connection is up.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444125"></a>Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444127"></a>Enabling SWAT Internationalization Support</h3></div></div></div><p>
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SWAT can be configured to display its messages to match the settings of
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the language configurations of your Web browser. It will be passed to SWAT
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in the Accept-Language header of the HTTP request.
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
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Set your browsers language setting.
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</p></li></ul></div><p>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444172"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444179"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444186"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444168"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444175"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444182"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444188"></a>
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The name of the <code class="literal">msg</code> file is the same as the language ID sent by the browser. For
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example, <span class="emphasis"><em>en</em></span> means English, <span class="emphasis"><em>ja</em></span> means Japanese, <span class="emphasis"><em>fr</em></span> means French.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444216"></a>
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If you do not like some of messages, or there are no <code class="literal">msg</code> files for
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your locale, you can create them simply by copying the <code class="literal">en.msg</code> files
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to the directory for <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">your language ID.msg</span>”</span> and filling in proper strings
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msgid "Set Default"
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msgstr "Imposta Default"
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444259"></a>
287
<a class="indexterm" name="id444261"></a>
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and so on. If you find a mistake or create a new <code class="literal">msg</code> file, please email it
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to us so we will consider it in the next release of Samba. The <code class="literal">msg</code> file should be encoded in UTF-8.
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444281"></a>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id444284"></a>
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Note that if you enable this feature and the <a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#DISPLAYCHARSET" target="_top">display charset</a> is not
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matched to your browser's setting, the SWAT display may be corrupted. In a future version of
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Samba, SWAT will always display messages with UTF-8 encoding. You will then not need to set
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this <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file parameter.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Overview and Quick Tour"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id444311"></a>Overview and Quick Tour</h2></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect1" title="Overview and Quick Tour"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id444313"></a>Overview and Quick Tour</h2></div></div></div><p>
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SWAT is a tool that may be used to configure Samba or just to obtain useful links
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to important reference materials such as the contents of this book as well as other
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documents that have been found useful for solving Windows networking problems.
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</p><div class="sect2" title="The SWAT Home Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444322"></a>The SWAT Home Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p><div class="sect2" title="The SWAT Home Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444324"></a>The SWAT Home Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The SWAT title page provides access to the latest Samba documentation. The manual page for
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each Samba component is accessible from this page, as are the Samba3-HOWTO (this
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document) as well as the O'Reilly book <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Using Samba.</span>”</span>
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changes to <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> as well as general operation with root privileges. The option that
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creates this ability is the <code class="option">-a</code> flag to SWAT. <span class="emphasis"><em>Do not use this in a
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production environment.</em></span>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Global Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444375"></a>Global Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Global Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444377"></a>Global Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The <span class="guibutton">GLOBALS</span> button exposes a page that allows configuration of the global parameters
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in <code class="filename">smb.conf</code>. There are two levels of exposure of the parameters:
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</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>
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SWAT has context-sensitive help. To find out what each parameter is
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for, simply click on the
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<span class="guibutton">Help</span> link to the left of the configuration parameter.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Share Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444471"></a>Share Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Share Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444473"></a>Share Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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To affect a currently configured share, simply click on the pull-down button between the
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<span class="guibutton">Choose Share</span> and the <span class="guibutton">Delete Share</span> buttons and
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select the share you wish to operate on. To edit the settings,
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To create a new share, next to the button labeled <span class="guibutton">Create Share</span>, enter
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into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the
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<span class="guibutton">Create Share</span> button.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Printers Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444523"></a>Printers Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="Printers Settings"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444525"></a>Printers Settings</h3></div></div></div><p>
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To affect a currently configured printer, simply click on the pull-down button between the
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<span class="guibutton">Choose Printer</span> and the <span class="guibutton">Delete Printer</span> buttons and
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select the printer you wish to operate on. To edit the settings,
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To create a new printer, next to the button labeled <span class="guibutton">Create Printer</span>, enter
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into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the
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<span class="guibutton">Create Printer</span> button.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The SWAT Wizard"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444575"></a>The SWAT Wizard</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The SWAT Wizard"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444577"></a>The SWAT Wizard</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The purpose of the SWAT Wizard is to help the Microsoft-knowledgeable network administrator
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to configure Samba with a minimum of effort.
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will be configured for, whether it will be a WINS server, participate as a WINS client, or
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operate with no WINS support. By clicking one button, you can elect to expose (or not) user
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home directories.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The Status Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444631"></a>The Status Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The Status Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444633"></a>The Status Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The status page serves a limited purpose. First, it allows control of the Samba daemons.
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The key daemons that create the Samba server environment are <span class="application">smbd</span>, <span class="application">nmbd</span>, and <span class="application">winbindd</span>.
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Finally, the status page may be used to terminate specific smbd client connections in order to
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free files that may be locked.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The View Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444670"></a>The View Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The View Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444672"></a>The View Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The view page allows you to view the optimized <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file and, if you are
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particularly masochistic, permits you also to see all possible global configuration
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parameters and their settings.
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The Password Change Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444687"></a>The Password Change Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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</p></div><div class="sect2" title="The Password Change Page"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id444690"></a>The Password Change Page</h3></div></div></div><p>
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The password change page is a popular tool that allows the creation, deletion, deactivation,
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and reactivation of MS Windows networking users on the local machine. You can also use
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this tool to change a local password for a user account.
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docs/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/SWAT.html
