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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>Based on your requirement, you can start entering text on this blank
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                                                page to create a letter, a memo, a note or an entire novel. Alternatively, you may
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                                                also decide to simplify your task by using a ready-to-use template or sample that is
 
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                                                <listitem><para>Depending on what you want to do, you can either create a letter, memo, 
 
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                                                note or an entire novel from scratch, or you may start with a predefined template or sample that is
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                                                suitable for your requirements.</para>
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                                                        <para>To access the templates and samples, on the <emphasis role="strong">File
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                                                        </emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">New</emphasis> and then click
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                                                template to create your document, you can double-click a category. This will display
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                                                the various templates associated with that category. Select a template of
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                                                your choice and then start working on it.</para>
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                                                <para>However, you may also decide to work with the blank document, which is
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                                                displayed by default. To continue working with the blank document, exit the
 
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                                                <para>However, you may also decide to work with the default blank document. 
 
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                                                To continue working with the blank document, exit the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Templates and Documents</emphasis> dialogue box by
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                                                clicking <emphasis role="strong">Close</emphasis> in the top-right corner of
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                                                the dialogue box.</para>
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                                                        </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                </figure>
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                                                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">If students need to know more about using samples and templates, you can tell them how to use various wizards, available under the File menu, to create user-defined templates, such as faxes and letters. These templates can later be used to create further documents.</emphasis> </para></instructornote>
 
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                                                <para><emphasis role="italic">If students need to know more about using samples and templates, 
 
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                                                                                                                you can tell them how to use various wizards, available under the File menu, 
 
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                                                                                                                to create user-defined templates, such as faxes and letters. 
 
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                                                                                                                These templates can later be used to create further documents.</emphasis> </para></instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>After you have created the document, you can use the    various formatting
 
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                                                <listitem><para>After you have created the document, you can use the various formatting
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                                                features provided in Writer to change the text display or emphasise specific areas in your document.
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                                                You can use the following options available on the <emphasis role="strong">Formatting</emphasis> toolbar to perform some of the most
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                                                common formatting tasks.</para>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>Specify the table properties and click <emphasis role="strong">OK.
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                                                </emphasis> The table is inserted at the specified location in your text document.
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                                                You notice that by default, Writer creates a table as wide as the page margins,
 
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                                                By default, Writer creates a table as wide as the page margins,
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                                                with all the rows having the same height and all the columns having the same width.
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                                                To adjust the column and rows and customise the table further, right-click the
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                                                table and select <emphasis role="strong">Table</emphasis> from the short-cut menu.
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                                                The <emphasis role="strong">Table Format</emphasis> dialogue box opens.</para>
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                                                        <para>Now, you can use this dialogue box to define finer specifications for
 
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                                                        <para>Now you can use this dialogue box to define finer specifications for
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                                                        the table such as alignment, column width, text flow, borders and
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                                                        background.</para>
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                                                        <para>Define the table specifications as per your requirements and preferences,
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                                                called nested tables. Writer permits you to create as many layers of nested
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                                                tables as you want.</para>
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                                                        <para>To create a nested table, click the cell in which you want the nested
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                                                        table to appear; then, follow the aforementioned procedure for inserting a
 
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                                                        table to appear, then follow the procedure for inserting a
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                                                        new table. A nested table appears in the specified cell within the larger
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                                                        table.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Creating a Nested Table</emphasis></title>
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                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Inserting Images</emphasis></para>
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                                <para>OpenOffice.org allows you to import images of various file formats, including the
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                                most common file types such as JPEG, PNG, BMP and GIF. Images can be inserted from a file,
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                                the OpenOffice.org Gallery or from any other source such as a scanner, Internet or a graphics
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                                program.</para>
 
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                                the OpenOffice.org Gallery, a scanner, the Internet, or a graphics program.</para>
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                                <para>To insert an image into your text document from a file:
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                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                                                <listitem><para>Position the cursor at the appropriate location in the document
 
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                                                <listitem><para>Position the cursor at the location in the document
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                                                where you want the picture to be inserted. On the <emphasis role="strong">Insert
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                                                </emphasis> menu, point to <emphasis role="strong">Picture</emphasis> and then
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                                                click <emphasis role="strong">From File</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">
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                                                        </instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>The image is inserted at the specified location in your document.  However, it is very likely that the image will not fit perfectly into your document and, therefore, will need to be resized.</para>
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                                                        <para>To resize the image, while maintaining its proportions, select the image and then press and hold the SHIFT key. When you select an image, some square points appear along its perimeter. These are called handles. While holding down the SHIFT key, click and drag one of the handles on the image to modify its size.</para>
 
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                                                <para>The image is inserted at the specified location in your document. 
 
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                                                                                If the image does not fit perfectly into your document, you should resize it.</para>
 
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                                                <para>To resize the image while maintaining its proportions, 
 
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                                                                                select the image and then press and hold the SHIFT key. 
 
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                                                                                When you select an image, some square points (known as "handles") appear along its perimeter. 
 
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                                                                                While holding down the SHIFT key, click and drag one of the handles on the image to 
 
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                                                                                modify its size.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Resizing the Inserted Image</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson05_images_017.png" format="PNG"/>
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
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                                                                <para><emphasis role="italic">Explain the difference between a scaled and an unscaled resize, and emphasise the advantages of the scaled resize performed above.</emphasis></para>
 
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                                                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Explain the difference between a scaled and an unscaled resize, 
 
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                                                                                                and emphasise the advantages of the scaled resize performed above.</emphasis></para>
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                                                        </instructornote>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>After you have resized the image without distorting it, you need
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                                                to position the image appropriately with respect to the text and other graphics
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                                                in the document. You can arrange and align images using the tools on the
 
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                                                <listitem><para>After you have resized the image, you need
 
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                                                to position the image appropriately in the document. 
 
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                                                You can arrange and align images using the tools on the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Frame toolbar</emphasis>, which appears below the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Standard toolbar</emphasis> when you select a graphic for
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                                                the first time.</para>
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                                                <listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, click
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Print</emphasis>. The <emphasis role="strong">Print
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                                                </emphasis> dialogue box opens. You can use this dialogue box to specify
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                                                the printer to be used - in case you have more than one printer installed
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                                                on your system, the pages to be printed and the number of copies to be
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                                                printed. Moreover, you can click the <emphasis role="strong">Properties
 
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                                                the printer to be used (in case you have more than one printer installed
 
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                                                on your system), the pages to be printed, and the number of copies to be
 
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                                                printed. You can also click the <emphasis role="strong">Properties
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                                                </emphasis> button in the <emphasis role="strong">Print</emphasis> dialogue
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                                                box to define the properties of the printer, such as orientation, the paper
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                                                tray to be used and the paper size to be printed.</para>
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                                                <listitem><para>Navigate to the directory where you want to save the file,
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                                                enter the file name and click <emphasis role="strong">Save</emphasis> to
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                                                save the file at the desired location.</para>
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                                                        <para>However, OpenOffice.org also allows you to save your document in
 
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                                                        <para>OpenOffice.org also allows you to save your document in
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                                                        a number of other file formats, including Microsoft Word, Rich Text,
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                                                        Star Writer and HTML document. This enables you to share your documents
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                                                        with other people who do not use OpenOffice.org, but use other office
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                                                        applications, such as Office.</para>
 
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                                                        Star Writer and as an HTML document. This enables you to share your documents
 
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                                                        with other people who use other office applications, such as Office.</para>
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                                                        <para>If you would like to save your current document as a Word file,
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                                                        select the appropriate type of Word format from the drop-down menu
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                                                        at the bottom of the dialogue box. Then, click <emphasis role="strong">
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                </sect1>
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                <sect1>
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                        <title>Using OpenOffice.org Calc</title>
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                        <para>As stated earlier, Calc is the spreadsheet component of the OpenOffice.org office
 
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                        <para>Calc is the spreadsheet component of the OpenOffice.org office
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                        software suite. The comprehensive range of advanced functions included in Calc helps
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                        professionals accomplish complex tasks. At the same time, Calc is user-friendly,
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                        which makes it easier for new users. This topic will familiarise you with its
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                        key features and help you perform some basic spreadsheet functions.</para>
 
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                        key features and teach you how to perform some basic spreadsheet functions.</para>
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                        <para>Similar to all other applications in the OpenOffice.org suite, Calc allows
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                        you to save spreadsheets in OASIS OpenDocument (ODF) format. This XML-based format
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                        enables you to access your spreadsheets from any OpenDocument-compliant software.
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                        Format (PDF) files without using any additional, expensive software.</para>
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                        <sect2>
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                                <title>Key Features of OpenOffice.org Calc</title>
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                                <para>Calc is a fully featured office application that includes all the advance
 
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                                <para>Calc is a fully featured office application that includes all the advanced
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                                analysis, charting and decision-making features that you expect from a high-end
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                                spreadsheet. Some of the key features of OpenOffice.org Calc are:
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                                        <itemizedlist>
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                                                you to create formulae to perform complex calculations on your data. In
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                                                addition, Calc provides you with Function wizard that guides you
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                                                interactively through the creation of formulae.</para>
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                                                <para>Another remarkable feature of OpenOffice.org Calc is that it allows
 
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                                                <para>Another feature of OpenOffice.org Calc is that it allows
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                                                you to create natural language formulae using words such as sales - costs.
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                                                </para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Scenario Manager:</emphasis> Allows you perform
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                                </para>
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                                <para>The quickest way to enter a formula is to type the formula either in
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                                the cell where you want the result to display or in the Input Line on the
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                                Formula bar. Yet another way to enter a formula is by using the Function
 
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                                Formula bar. You can also use the Function
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                                wizard, which helps you interactively create formulae.</para>
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                                <para>To enter a formula using the Function wizard:
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                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>Now, you are required to specify the numbers to which you
 
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                                                <listitem><para>Now, you need to specify the numbers to which you
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                                                want to apply the formula. To select the numbers, you need to go back to
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                                                the worksheet.</para>
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                                                        <para>Click the <emphasis role="strong">Shrink</emphasis> button to
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>Notice that the cell reference for the selected cell range
 
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                                                <listitem><para>The cell reference for the selected cell range
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                                                automatically appears in the <emphasis role="strong">number 1</emphasis>
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                                                box and the applied formula, complete with arguments, appears in the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Formula</emphasis> box at the bottom of the dialogue
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                                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Advise students about the alternate way to insert a chart using the Insert Chart icon from the Standard toolbar.
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                                                        </emphasis></para></instructornote></listitem>
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                                                <listitem>
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                                                        <para>On the first page of the <emphasis role="strong">Chart wizard</emphasis>, you can select the chart type and preview the chart output. Calc allows you to select from a wide range of 2D and 3D charts.  You may decide to follow the rest of the instructions of the Chart Wizard by clicking <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis> or click <emphasis role="strong">Finish</emphasis> to insert a chart in your document.</para>
 
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                                                                                <para>On the first page of the <emphasis role="strong">Chart wizard</emphasis>, 
 
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                                                                                                                you can select the chart type and preview the chart output. 
 
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                                                                                                                Calc allows you to select from a wide range of 2D and 3D charts.  
 
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                                                                                                                You may decide to follow the rest of the instructions of the Chart Wizard by clicking 
 
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                                                                                                                <emphasis role="strong">Next</emphasis> or you can click 
 
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                                                                                                                <emphasis role="strong">Finish</emphasis> to insert a chart in your document.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Selecting the Chart Type</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson05_images_039.png" format="PNG"/>
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                                        </orderedlist>
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                                </para>
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                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Exporting Spreadsheets to PDF</emphasis></para>
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                                <para>Similar to all other OpenOffice.org applications, Calc enables you to
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                                export your spreadsheets as PDF files. With Openoffice.org, you need not use
 
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                                <para>Like the other OpenOffice.org applications, you can export your spreadsheets from Calca s PDF files. 
 
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                                With Openoffice.org, you need not use
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                                any additional third-party software to convert your document into PDF format.</para>
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                                <para>To export your spreadsheet as a PDF:
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                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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                                render stunning 2D and 3D effects to your text using Fontwork, which lets
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                                you create life-like 3D images easily.</para>
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                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Publishing Presentations:</emphasis> Impress allows you to 
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                                publish presentations as handouts, export them into PDF files, convert them into SWF files and publish them as HTML
 
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                                                                publish presentations as handouts, export them into PDF files, 
 
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                                                                convert them into SWF files and publish them as HTML
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                                documents. This enables you to access your presentation from a variety of
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                                platforms.</para>
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                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Saving Presentation in Other Formats:</emphasis>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>Notice that the inserted picture is automatically resized
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                                                to fit into the provided space. An alternate way to insert an image is to
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                                                select <emphasis role="strong">Picture</emphasis> from the
 
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                                                to fit into the provided space. You can also insert an image by
 
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                                                selecting <emphasis role="strong">Picture</emphasis> from the
1113
1125
                                                <emphasis role="strong">Insert</emphasis> menu. A picture inserted in this
1114
 
                                                way is not automatically resized. You can move and resize the image, as
1115
 
                                                needed. You can create new slides in a similar fashion.</para>
 
1126
                                                way is not automatically resized, but you can move and resize it as
 
1127
                                                needed. You can insert new slides in a similar fashion.</para>
1116
1128
                                                        <para>Now, you are ready to display your presentation as a slide show.
1117
1129
                                                        To configure the basic slide show setting, select <emphasis role="strong">
1118
1130
                                                        Slide Show Settings</emphasis> from the <emphasis role="strong">Slide
1243
1255
                                                </tip>
1244
1256
                                                </listitem>
1245
1257
                                                <listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">3D-Objects toolbar</emphasis> appears
1246
 
                                                as a floating toolbar. If you don't find it convenient to use a floating toolbar,
 
1258
                                                as a floating toolbar. If you do not like floating toolbars,
1247
1259
                                                you can place it on one of the existing toolbars. To dock the
1248
1260
                                                <emphasis role="strong">3D-Objects toolbar</emphasis>, drag the title bar of
1249
1261
                                                the toolbar to the desired location and release the mouse button.</para>
1362
1374
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Exporting a Presentation</emphasis></para>
1363
1375
                                <para>As stated earlier, another useful feature associated with Impress is that it has
1364
1376
                                the built-in capacity to export presentations directly into several other file formats.
1365
 
                                As a result, Impress allows you to export your slide shows directly as SWF files.</para>
 
1377
                                As a result, Impress allows you to export your slide shows directly as Flash (SWF) files.</para>
1366
1378
                                <para>To export your presentation as an SWF file:
1367
1379
                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
1368
1380
                                                <listitem><para>On the <emphasis role="strong">File</emphasis> menu, click
1393
1405
                </sect1>
1394
1406
                        <sect1>
1395
1407
                        <title>Using OpenOffice.org Draw</title>
1396
 
                        <para>Draw is a vector graphics drawing tool that enables you to create simple and complex                              drawings and export them in a number of common image formats. Draw also allows you to insert                    tables, charts, formulas and other items created in OpenOffice.org programs into your drawings.</para>
 
1408
                        <para>Draw is a vector graphics drawing tool that enables you to create simple and 
 
1409
                        complex drawings and export them in a number of common image formats. 
 
1410
                        Draw also allows you to insert tables, charts, formulas and other items created in 
 
1411
                        OpenOffice.org programs into your drawings.</para>
1397
1412
                                <note>
1398
1413
                                        <title>Note:</title>
1399
 
                                        <para>Resolution of the graphics that are created using a vector graphics drawing                                       tool remain constant. As a result, these images do not blur on stretching.</para>
 
1414
                                        <para>Graphics that are created using a vector graphics drawing tool do not blur when resized.</para>
1400
1415
                                </note>                         
1401
 
                <para>Draw is integrated with the OpenOffice.org suite, and this eases the exchange of graphics with all                                other components of the suite. For example, if you create an image in Draw, reusing it in a Writer                              document is as simple as copying and pasting content. You can also work with drawings from within                               Writer and Impress by using a subset of the functions and tools in Draw.</para>
 
1416
                                <para>Draw is integrated with the OpenOffice.org suite, making it easy toexchange of graphics with 
 
1417
                                                                other components of the suite. For example, if you create an image in Draw, reusing it in
 
1418
                                                                Writer is as simple as copying and pasting the image. 
 
1419
                                                                A subset of the functions in Draw are also available in Writer and Impress, so you do not have 
 
1420
                                                                to switch back and forth between them and Draw to perfrom basic image manipulations.</para>
1402
1421
                        <sect2>
1403
1422
                                <title>Key Features of OpenOffice.org Draw</title>
1404
1423
                                <note>
1405
1424
                                        <title>Note:</title>
1406
 
                                        <para>Vector drawing software follows a common notation for
1407
 
                                        referring to all shapes, whether simple lines, rectangles or more complicated                                           shapes, as objects.</para>
 
1425
                                        <para>Vector drawing software follows a common notation for referring to all shapes, 
 
1426
                                                                        whether simple lines, rectangles or more complicated shapes, as objects.</para>
1408
1427
                                </note>
1409
 
                                <para>Draw provides an extensive functionality that integrates more functions than the
 
1428
                                <para>Draw provides extensive functionality that integrates more functions than the
1410
1429
                                majority of drawing tools available in office suites. Some of the key features of Draw
1411
1430
                                are:
1412
1431
                                        <itemizedlist>
1413
1432
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Vector Graphics Creation</emphasis>: You
1414
1433
                                                can create vector graphics in Draw by using the lines and curves defined by
1415
1434
                                                mathematical vectors. Vectors describe lines, ellipses and polygons according to
1416
 
                                                their geometry, which is based on mathematical equations, to represent images in
1417
 
                                                computer graphics.</para></listitem>
 
1435
                                                their geometry.</para></listitem>
1418
1436
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">3D Objects Creation</emphasis>: In Draw,
1419
1437
                                                you can create simple 3D objects, such as cubes, spheres and cylinders, and modify
1420
1438
                                                the light source of the objects.</para></listitem>
1421
1439
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Grids and Guides:</emphasis> You can align
1422
1440
                                                objects in your drawing by using grids and guides as visual cues. You can also snap
1423
1441
                                                an object to a grid line, a guide or to the edge of another object.</para></listitem>
1424
 
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Connecting Objects to Show Relationships:
1425
 
                                                </emphasis> Using special lines called connectors to show the relationship between objects.
1426
 
                                                Connectors attach to glue points on drawing objects and remain attached when the connected objects move.
1427
 
                                                These are useful for creating organisation charts and technical diagrams.</para></listitem>
 
1442
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Connecting Objects to Show Relationships:</emphasis> 
 
1443
                                                        You can attach objects to each other using special lines called connectors to show the 
 
1444
                                                        relationship between those objects.
 
1445
                                                        Connectors attach to glue points on drawing objects and remain attached when those objects move.
 
1446
                                                These are useful for creating things like organisation charts and technical diagrams.</para></listitem>
1428
1447
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Displaying Dimensions:</emphasis> You can
1429
1448
                                                use dimension lines to calculate and display linear dimensions in technical diagrams,
1430
1449
                                                which often show the dimensions of the objects in the drawing.</para></listitem>
1496
1515
                                        </orderedlist>
1497
1516
                                </para>
1498
1517
                                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
1499
 
                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">The Drawing toolbar is not discussed in detail because you use its options to draw only basic shapes. For novice users, demonstrate the creation of a few objects, such as square, rectangle and connector.  Visit <ulink url="http://documentation.openoffice.org/">http://documentation.openoffice.org/</ulink> for more details on OpenOfice.org products.</emphasis></para>
 
1518
                                                                <para><emphasis role="italic">The Drawing toolbar is not discussed in detail because you use its 
 
1519
                                                                options to draw only basic shapes. For novice users, demonstrate the creation of a few objects, 
 
1520
                                                                such as square, rectangle and connector.  
 
1521
                                                                Visit <ulink url="http://documentation.openoffice.org/">http://documentation.openoffice.org/</ulink> 
 
1522
                                                                for more details on OpenOfice.org products.</emphasis></para>
1500
1523
                                </instructornote>
1501
1524
                                <para>Selecting Objects</para>
1502
1525
                                <para>Before making any changes to an object, you need to select the object. Draw provides
1571
1594
                                        </orderedlist>
1572
1595
                                </para>
1573
1596
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Arranging Objects</emphasis></para>
1574
 
                                <para>If the document on which you are working includes many objects overlapping each other,
1575
 
                                the visibility of an object with respect to the others and, therefore, the editing of
1576
 
                                individual objects might pose a challenge. To overcome this you can modify the stacking
1577
 
                                order of the objects without affecting the arrangement, such that the object you want to
1578
 
                                work on comes to the forefront. You can now perform operations on the object.</para>
 
1597
                                <para>If the document you are working on includes many overlapping objects, editing of
 
1598
                                individual objects (wich may or may not be vsible) might pose a challenge. 
 
1599
                          Fortuanetly, Draw provides a way to rearrange objects without affecting their layout.</para>
1579
1600
                                <para>To change the arrangement of objects:
1580
1601
                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
1581
1602
                                                <listitem><para>In the drawing area, right-click the object you want to rearrange,
1595
1616
                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
1596
1617
                                                        </figure>
1597
1618
                                                        <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
1598
 
                                                                <para><emphasis role="italic">If time permits, ask the students to explore the other options in the Arrange list. In addition, explain which option to use under what circumstances. Specifically discuss the <emphasis role="strong">Behind Object </emphasis> option and the difference between the output from the <emphasis role="strong">Send to Back</emphasis> and <emphasis role="strong">Behind Object</emphasis> options. This is a low-priority activity.</emphasis></para></instructornote></listitem>
 
1619
                                                                <para><emphasis role="italic">If time permits, ask the students to explore the other options 
 
1620
                                                                        in the Arrange list. In addition, explain which option to use under what circumstances. 
 
1621
                                                                        Specifically discuss the <emphasis role="strong">Behind Object </emphasis> option and the 
 
1622
                                                                        difference between the output from the <emphasis role="strong">Send to Back</emphasis> 
 
1623
                                                                        and <emphasis role="strong">Behind Object</emphasis> options. 
 
1624
                                                                        This is a low-priority activity.</emphasis></para></instructornote></listitem>
1599
1625
                                        </orderedlist>
1600
1626
                                </para>
1601
1627
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Duplicating Objects</emphasis></para>
1602
 
                                <para>Often, you may need to create multiple objects of the same shape and size; creating
1603
 
                                each of these individually may yield inaccurate results. In Draw, you can create duplicate
1604
 
                                or multiple copies of an object. The copies can be identical or differing in size, colour,
1605
 
                                orientation and location.</para>
 
1628
                                <para>Often, you may need to create multiple objects of the same shape and size.
 
1629
                                In Draw, you can duplicate or make multiple copies of an object. 
 
1630
                                The copies can be identical or differ in size, colour, orientation and location.</para>
1606
1631
                                <para>To create multiple copies of an object:
1607
1632
                                        <orderedlist numeration="arabic">
1608
1633
                                                <listitem><para>Click the object to be copied, click <emphasis role="strong">Edit
1709
1734
                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
1710
1735
                                                        </figure>
1711
1736
                                                        <para>Note that the objects return to their original status. However, the
1712
 
                                                        properties of the objects have now changed as per the lower-most object in the
 
1737
                                                        properties of the objects have now changed as per the last object in the
1713
1738
                                                        arrangement.</para></listitem>
1714
1739
                                        </itemizedlist>
1715
1740
                                </para>
1780
1805
                                        </orderedlist>
1781
1806
                                </para>
1782
1807
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Editing a Gradient Fill</emphasis></para>
1783
 
                                <para>A gradient fill is an incremental blend of two different colours or shades of the
 
1808
                                <para>A gradient is a smooth transition between two different colours or shades of the
1784
1809
                                same colour, which you can apply to a drawing object. To edit the gradient fill of an
1785
1810
                                object:</para>
1786
1811
                                <para>In the Drawing area, select the object you want to edit and click the Area button
1795
1820
                                        </imageobject></mediaobject>
1796
1821
                                </figure>
1797
1822
                                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
1798
 
                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Mention that by using the Area dialogue box, students can also add or modify the other properties of objects such as using a shadow on an object, increasing or decreasing transparency, hatching the object or adding their own bitmap images as the area fill of the object.</emphasis></para></instructornote>
 
1823
                                <para><emphasis role="italic">Mention that by using the Area dialogue box, 
 
1824
                                        students can also add or modify the other properties of objects such as using a shadow on an object, 
 
1825
                                        increasing or decreasing transparency, crosshatching the object or adding their own bitmap images 
 
1826
                                        as the area fill of the object.</emphasis></para></instructornote>
1799
1827
                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Editing Text</emphasis></para>
1800
1828
                                <para>Draw provides you the following options to insert text in the
1801
1829
                                <emphasis role="strong">Drawing</emphasis> area:
1857
1885
                                        arrangement in the drawing area.</para>
1858
1886
                                </note>
1859
1887
                                <instructornote><title>Instructor Notes:</title>
1860
 
                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Draw provides many more features and tasks. For more information on the detailed features of Draw and other OpenOffice.org applications, refer the students to <ulink url="http://documentation.openoffice.org/">http://documentation.openoffice.org/</ulink>.</emphasis></para></instructornote>
 
1888
                                        <para><emphasis role="italic">Draw provides many more features and tools. 
 
1889
                                        For more information on the detailed features of Draw and other OpenOffice.org applications, 
 
1890
                                        refer the students to 
 
1891
                                        <ulink url="http://documentation.openoffice.org/">http://documentation.openoffice.org/</ulink>.
 
1892
                                        </emphasis></para></instructornote>
1861
1893
                        </sect2>
1862
1894
                </sect1>
1863
1895
                <sect1>
1864
1896
                        <title>Using OpenOffice.org Math</title>
1865
1897
                        <para>Math is the equation writer component of OpenOffice.org office software suite.
1866
1898
                        It contains a number of functions, operators and formatting assistants to help you
1867
 
                        create properly formatted equations and formulae. These created formulae can then be
 
1899
                        create properly formatted equations and formulae. These formulae can then be
1868
1900
                        imported for display in any other OpenOffice.org applications.</para>
1869
1901
                        <sect2>
1870
1902
                                <title>Key Features of OpenOffice.org Math</title>
1873
1905
                                        <itemizedlist>
1874
1906
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Creating a Formula:</emphasis> Math
1875
1907
                                                offers you the convenience of creating formulae as objects within your document.
1876
 
                                                In other words, you can invoke Math from inside a document whenever you need to
 
1908
                                                You can invoke Math from inside a document whenever you need to
1877
1909
                                                insert a formula or equation into the document. With Math, you have a large selection
1878
1910
                                                of pre-defined symbols and functions at your disposal for creating, editing and
1879
1911
                                                formatting a formulae.</para></listitem>
1880
 
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Typing a Formula Directly:</emphasis>You can also type
1881
 
                                                an equation directly in your document if you are familiar with the Math markup language. You can
1882
 
                                                directly type the markup language into your document and then invoke Math to convert the text into a formatted formula.</para></listitem>
 
1912
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Typing a Formula Directly:</emphasis>If you are familiar with
 
1913
                                                the Math markup language, you can also type an equation directly in your document
 
1914
                                                and then invoke Math to convert the markup into a formatted formula.</para></listitem>
1883
1915
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Creating a Formula in the Commands Window:
1884
1916
                                                </emphasis> While you make entries in the commands window, you can simultaneously
1885
1917
                                                view the results in the document.</para></listitem>
1888
1920
                                                catalogue or create a new catalogue for the new symbols.</para></listitem>
1889
1921
                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Creating Formulae in Context:</emphasis> Math
1890
1922
                                                provides you the ease of working with the context menus, which can be displayed at a right
1891
 
                                                mouse-click. These context menus contain all command that are found on the Selection
 
1923
                                                mouse-click. These context menus contain all commands that are found on the Selection
1892
1924
                                                window. Moreover, you can insert these into the document with just a mouse
1893
1925
                                                click.</para></listitem>
1894
1926
                                        </itemizedlist>
1932
1964
                                                </listitem>
1933
1965
                                                <listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">Selection</emphasis> window appears as
1934
1966
                                                a floating toolbar. Notice that the <emphasis role="strong">Selection</emphasis>
1935
 
                                                window is divided into two halves. The upper halves contains the symbol categories
1936
 
                                                whereas the lower half displays the symbols available in the selected category.
 
1967
                                                window is divided into two halves. The upper half contains the symbol categories, 
 
1968
                                                and the lower half displays the symbols available in the selected category.
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                                                You can now start inserting the equation by selecting the symbols from the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Selection</emphasis> window.</para>
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                                                        <para>To insert a symbol, such as a/b select the appropriate category from the
 
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                                                        <para>To insert a symbol, such as "a/b" select the appropriate category from the
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                                                        upper half and click the appropriate symbol from the lower half of the
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                                                        <emphasis role="strong">Selection</emphasis> window.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Using the Selection Window</emphasis></title>
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>This makes you enter the formula editor once again.Now you can
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                                                follow the same procedure to insert a new symbol into your formula or delete an
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                                                old one.</para>
 
2016
                                                <listitem><para>Now you can insert new symbols into your formula or delete ones you no longer need.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Inserting New Symbols</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson05_images_096.png" format="PNG"/>
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>After making the required changes in the entered formula and
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                                                inserting some new ones, you may need to insert some more formulas, which contain
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                                                Greek characters. Though Greek characters are widely used in mathematical formulae,
 
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                                                <listitem><para>Though Greek characters are widely used in mathematical formulae,
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                                                especially geometric formulae, these characters are not available in either the
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                                                Selection window or the Context menu.</para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>You can enter the Greek characters by typing the markup language for
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                                                the characters in the equation editor. Alternatively, you can use the
 
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                                                <listitem><para>You can enter Greek characters by typing the markup language for
 
2027
                                                them in the equation editor. Alternatively, you can use the
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                                                <emphasis role="strong">Catalog</emphasis> window. To display the Catalog window, on
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                                                the Tools menu, click Catalog.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Launching the Catalogue Window</emphasis></title>
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                                                <listitem><para>The <emphasis role="strong">Symbols</emphasis> dialogue box is displayed.
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                                                Before selecting a character, ensure that <emphasis role="strong">Greek</emphasis> is
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                                                selected under the <emphasis role="strong">Symbol</emphasis> set drop-down window.
2011
 
                                                Select the required Greek symbol from the <emphasis role="strong">Symbols</emphasis>
 
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                                                Select the required Greek character from the <emphasis role="strong">Symbols</emphasis>
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                                                window and click <emphasis role="strong">Insert</emphasis>.</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Inserting Greek Symbols</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                </imageobject></mediaobject>
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                                                        </figure>
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                                                </listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para>The symbol is inserted into your document and the markup is displayed
 
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                                                <listitem><para>The character is inserted into your document and the markup is displayed
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                                                in the equation editor. You can continue entering formulas into your document following
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                                                the same procedure. Once you have entered all the required formulae, your document may
2022
 
                                                appear like this.</para>
 
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                                                appear like this:</para>
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                                                        <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">Final Equations</emphasis></title>
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                                                                <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                                        <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson05_images_099.png" format="PNG"/>
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                        <title>Additional Applications</title>
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                        <sect2>
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                                <title>GnuCash Accounting</title>
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                                <para>GnuCash is a software that helps you track home or small business finances.
2038
 
                                Instead of making a note of all your expenses on paper, you can use GnuCash to ensure that
 
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                                <para>GnuCash is an application that helps you track home or small business finances.
 
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                                Instead of tracking all your expenses on paper, you can use GnuCash to ensure that
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                                you don't lose any information at the end of the month. All details of income and expenditure
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                                can be managed with this utility. Using GnuCash, a small business can track its customers as
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                                well as its vendors by entering their details. You can also create a monthly
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                                profit/loss report for your business.</para>
2043
 
                                <para>Using GnuCash, you can store details of all your bank accounts in one place, choose the
2044
 
                                type of account that suits your requirements and manage multiple accounts. It is based on 
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                                professional accounting principles to ensure balanced accounts and accurate reports.</para>
2046
 
                                <para>The software is easy to use and can be tailored as per your needs. The following is a
2047
 
                                screenshot of the main window of the Gnucash accounting application:</para>
 
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                                <para>GnuCash can store and manage the details of all your bank accounts in one place.
 
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                                GnuCash is based on double-entry bookkeeping (the sort that trained, professional accountants use) 
 
2073
                                to ensure balanced accounts and accurate reports.</para>
 
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                                <para>GnuCash is easy to use and can be tailored as per your needs.</para>
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                                <figure><title><emphasis role="italic">The GnuCash Accounting Application</emphasis></title>
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                                        <mediaobject><imageobject>
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                                                <imagedata fileref="images/Lesson05_images_100.png" format="PNG"/>
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                                </figure>
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                                <para><emphasis role="strong">Key Features of the GnuCash Application</emphasis></para>
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                                <para>Using GnuCash is like filling your personal finance information in a register but in
2055
 
                                a more organised way. The following features make GnuCash a very useful, powerful, yet flexible software programme:
 
2082
                                a more organised way. The following features make GnuCash a very useful, 
 
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                                powerful, yet flexible software programme:
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                                        <itemizedlist>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Easy-to-Use Interface:</emphasis> The
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                                                interface of GnuCash is as simple to use as keeping records on a piece of paper. It
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                                                GnuCash scans its list and completes the entry automatically. If you use an entry on
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                                                a regular basis, you don't need to type it every time.</para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Double Entry System:</emphasis> Following the
2063
 
                                                principles of accounting systems, in GnuCash each transaction has to be mentioned at
2064
 
                                                two places, that is, debit in one account and credit in another. This means that the
 
2091
                                                principles of double-entry accounting, in GnuCash each transaction has to be mentioned in
 
2092
                                                two places -- debit in one account and credit in another. This means that the
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                                                difference between income and expenses exactly equals the sum of all assets and equity.
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                                                This will help you verify that you have entered the details of the income and expenses
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                                                accurately, which, in turn, will also help you track all expenses.</para></listitem>
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                                                report that can be generated is the Assets and Liabilities report, which includes the
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                                                balance sheet.</para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Multi-Currency Transaction Handling:</emphasis> 
2076
 
                                                You need not worry about transactions in different currencies; GnuCash automatically handles all currencies.
 
2104
                                                You need not worry about transactions in different currencies; 
 
2105
                                                GnuCash automatically handles currency conversions.
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                                                In addition, GnuCash provides menus and pop-up windows in different languages.
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                                                </para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">The Reconcile Window:</emphasis> GnuCash
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                                </instructornote>
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                                <para>Scribus is a programme used to produce documents that cannot be created easily
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                                with a word processor. For example, you will not be able to use a word processor to create a poster 
2123
 
                                or a greeting card as the output will not be of professional print quality.It enables easy alignment 
 
2152
                                or a greeting card as the output will not be of professional print quality. Scribus enables easy alignment 
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                                of text and graphics, which is not a simple task using a word processor. Scribus makes it easy 
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                                to create PDF documents with professional features for commercial purposes; design brochures,
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                                newspapers, magazines, newsletters, posters and technical documentation.</para>
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                                                gives you the advantage of viewing all the styling options at one place and makes it
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                                                easier to use the appropriate styling option at the right place.</para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">XML-based file format:</emphasis> Scribus uses an
2141
 
                                                XML-based file format that is fully documented. These documents, therefore, don't stop
2142
 
                                                responding and don't corrupt easily. You can also add features in a very simplified
2143
 
                                                way.</para></listitem>
 
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                                                XML-based file format that is fully documented.</para></listitem>
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                                                <listitem><para><emphasis role="strong">Font-handling features:</emphasis> Scribus
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                                                includes a vast range of features for handling fonts. The features include rotating,
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                                                flipping and scaling text. Both Type1 and TrueType fonts are supported by Scribus, so