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/* Written by Dr Stephen N Henson (shenson@bigfoot.com) for the OpenSSL
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/* ====================================================================
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* Copyright (c) 2000 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
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* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
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* software must display the following acknowledgment:
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* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
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* for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.OpenSSL.org/)"
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* 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
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* endorse or promote products derived from this software without
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* prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
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* licensing@OpenSSL.org.
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* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
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* nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
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* permission of the OpenSSL Project.
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* 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
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* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
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* for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.OpenSSL.org/)"
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
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* EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
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* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
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* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
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* STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
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* OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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* ====================================================================
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* This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
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* (eay@cryptsoft.com). This product includes software written by Tim
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* Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
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#include <openssl/asn1.h>
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#include <openssl/asn1t.h>
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#include <openssl/objects.h>
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static int asn1_i2d_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval, unsigned char **out, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass);
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static int asn1_set_seq_out(STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *seq, unsigned char **out, int skcontlen, const ASN1_ITEM *item, int isset);
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/* Encode an ASN1 item, this is compatible with the
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* standard 'i2d' function. 'out' points to
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* a buffer to output the data to, in future we will
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* have more advanced versions that can output data
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* a piece at a time and this will simply be a special
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* The new i2d has one additional feature. If the output
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* buffer is NULL (i.e. *out == NULL) then a buffer is
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* allocated and populated with the encoding.
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int ASN1_item_i2d(ASN1_VALUE *val, unsigned char **out, const ASN1_ITEM *it)
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unsigned char *p, *buf;
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len = ASN1_item_ex_i2d(&val, NULL, it, -1, 0);
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if(len <= 0) return len;
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buf = OPENSSL_malloc(len);
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ASN1_item_ex_i2d(&val, &p, it, -1, 0);
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return ASN1_item_ex_i2d(&val, out, it, -1, 0);
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/* Encode an item, taking care of IMPLICIT tagging (if any).
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* This function performs the normal item handling: it can be
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* used in external types.
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int ASN1_item_ex_i2d(ASN1_VALUE **pval, unsigned char **out, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass)
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const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt = NULL;
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unsigned char *p = NULL;
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int i, seqcontlen, seqlen;
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const ASN1_COMPAT_FUNCS *cf;
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const ASN1_EXTERN_FUNCS *ef;
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const ASN1_AUX *aux = it->funcs;
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ASN1_aux_cb *asn1_cb;
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if((it->itype != ASN1_ITYPE_PRIMITIVE) && !*pval) return 0;
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if(aux && aux->asn1_cb) asn1_cb = aux->asn1_cb;
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case ASN1_ITYPE_PRIMITIVE:
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return ASN1_template_i2d(pval, out, it->templates);
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return asn1_i2d_ex_primitive(pval, out, it, tag, aclass);
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case ASN1_ITYPE_MSTRING:
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strtmp = (ASN1_STRING *)*pval;
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return asn1_i2d_ex_primitive(pval, out, it, -1, 0);
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case ASN1_ITYPE_CHOICE:
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if(asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_I2D_PRE, pval, it))
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i = asn1_get_choice_selector(pval, it);
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if((i >= 0) && (i < it->tcount)) {
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const ASN1_TEMPLATE *chtt;
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chtt = it->templates + i;
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pchval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, chtt);
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return ASN1_template_i2d(pchval, out, chtt);
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/* Fixme: error condition if selector out of range */
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if(asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_I2D_POST, pval, it))
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case ASN1_ITYPE_EXTERN:
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/* If new style i2d it does all the work */
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return ef->asn1_ex_i2d(pval, out, it, tag, aclass);
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case ASN1_ITYPE_COMPAT:
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/* old style hackery... */
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i = cf->asn1_i2d(*pval, out);
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/* Fixup for IMPLICIT tag: note this messes up for tags > 30,
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* but so did the old code. Tags > 30 are very rare anyway.
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if(out && (tag != -1))
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*p = aclass | tag | (*p & V_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED);
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case ASN1_ITYPE_SEQUENCE:
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i = asn1_enc_restore(&seqcontlen, out, pval, it);
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/* An error occurred */
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/* We have a valid cached encoding... */
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if(i > 0) return seqcontlen;
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/* Otherwise carry on */
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/* If no IMPLICIT tagging set to SEQUENCE, UNIVERSAL */
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tag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
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aclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
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if(asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_I2D_PRE, pval, it))
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/* First work out sequence content length */
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for(i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; tt++, i++) {
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const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
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ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
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seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
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pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
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/* FIXME: check for errors in enhanced version */
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/* FIXME: special handling of indefinite length encoding */
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seqcontlen += ASN1_template_i2d(pseqval, NULL, seqtt);
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seqlen = ASN1_object_size(1, seqcontlen, tag);
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if(!out) return seqlen;
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/* Output SEQUENCE header */
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ASN1_put_object(out, 1, seqcontlen, tag, aclass);
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for(i = 0, tt = it->templates; i < it->tcount; tt++, i++) {
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const ASN1_TEMPLATE *seqtt;
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ASN1_VALUE **pseqval;
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seqtt = asn1_do_adb(pval, tt, 1);
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pseqval = asn1_get_field_ptr(pval, seqtt);
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/* FIXME: check for errors in enhanced version */
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ASN1_template_i2d(pseqval, out, seqtt);
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if(asn1_cb && !asn1_cb(ASN1_OP_I2D_POST, pval, it))
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int ASN1_template_i2d(ASN1_VALUE **pval, unsigned char **out, const ASN1_TEMPLATE *tt)
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int i, ret, flags, aclass;
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aclass = flags & ASN1_TFLG_TAG_CLASS;
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_SK_MASK) {
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/* SET OF, SEQUENCE OF */
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STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *sk = (STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *)*pval;
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int isset, sktag, skaclass;
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int skcontlen, sklen;
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_SET_OF) {
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/* 2 means we reorder */
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_SEQUENCE_OF) isset = 2;
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/* First work out inner tag value */
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
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skaclass = V_ASN1_UNIVERSAL;
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if(isset) sktag = V_ASN1_SET;
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else sktag = V_ASN1_SEQUENCE;
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/* Now work out length of items */
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for(i = 0; i < sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk); i++) {
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skitem = sk_ASN1_VALUE_value(sk, i);
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skcontlen += ASN1_item_ex_i2d(&skitem, NULL, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), -1, 0);
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sklen = ASN1_object_size(1, skcontlen, sktag);
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/* If EXPLICIT need length of surrounding tag */
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_EXPTAG)
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ret = ASN1_object_size(1, sklen, tt->tag);
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/* Now encode this lot... */
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_EXPTAG)
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ASN1_put_object(out, 1, sklen, tt->tag, aclass);
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/* SET or SEQUENCE and IMPLICIT tag */
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ASN1_put_object(out, 1, skcontlen, sktag, skaclass);
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/* And finally the stuff itself */
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asn1_set_seq_out(sk, out, skcontlen, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), isset);
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_EXPTAG) {
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/* EXPLICIT tagging */
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/* Find length of tagged item */
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i = ASN1_item_ex_i2d(pval, NULL, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), -1, 0);
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/* Find length of EXPLICIT tag */
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ret = ASN1_object_size(1, i, tt->tag);
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/* Output tag and item */
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ASN1_put_object(out, 1, i, tt->tag, aclass);
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ASN1_item_ex_i2d(pval, out, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), -1, 0);
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if(flags & ASN1_TFLG_IMPTAG) {
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/* IMPLICIT tagging */
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return ASN1_item_ex_i2d(pval, out, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), tt->tag, aclass);
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/* Nothing special: treat as normal */
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return ASN1_item_ex_i2d(pval, out, ASN1_ITEM_ptr(tt->item), -1, 0);
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/* Temporary structure used to hold DER encoding of items for SET OF */
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static int der_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
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const DER_ENC *d1 = a, *d2 = b;
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cmplen = (d1->length < d2->length) ? d1->length : d2->length;
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i = memcmp(d1->data, d2->data, cmplen);
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return d1->length - d2->length;
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/* Output the content octets of SET OF or SEQUENCE OF */
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static int asn1_set_seq_out(STACK_OF(ASN1_VALUE) *sk, unsigned char **out, int skcontlen, const ASN1_ITEM *item, int do_sort)
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unsigned char *tmpdat = NULL, *p = NULL;
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DER_ENC *derlst = NULL, *tder;
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/* Don't need to sort less than 2 items */
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if(sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk) < 2) do_sort = 0;
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derlst = OPENSSL_malloc(sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk) * sizeof(*derlst));
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tmpdat = OPENSSL_malloc(skcontlen);
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if(!derlst || !tmpdat) return 0;
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/* If not sorting just output each item */
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for(i = 0; i < sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk); i++) {
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skitem = sk_ASN1_VALUE_value(sk, i);
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ASN1_item_i2d(skitem, out, item);
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/* Doing sort: build up a list of each member's DER encoding */
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for(i = 0, tder = derlst; i < sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk); i++, tder++) {
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skitem = sk_ASN1_VALUE_value(sk, i);
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tder->length = ASN1_item_i2d(skitem, &p, item);
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tder->field = skitem;
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qsort(derlst, sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk), sizeof(*derlst), der_cmp);
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/* Output sorted DER encoding */
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for(i = 0, tder = derlst; i < sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk); i++, tder++) {
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memcpy(p, tder->data, tder->length);
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/* If do_sort is 2 then reorder the STACK */
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for(i = 0, tder = derlst; i < sk_ASN1_VALUE_num(sk); i++, tder++)
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sk_ASN1_VALUE_set(sk, i, tder->field);
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OPENSSL_free(derlst);
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OPENSSL_free(tmpdat);
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static int asn1_i2d_ex_primitive(ASN1_VALUE **pval, unsigned char **out, const ASN1_ITEM *it, int tag, int aclass)
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/* Get length of content octets and maybe find
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* out the underlying type.
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len = asn1_ex_i2c(pval, NULL, &utype, it);
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/* If SEQUENCE, SET or OTHER then header is
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* included in pseudo content octets so don't
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* include tag+length. We need to check here
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* because the call to asn1_ex_i2c() could change
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if((utype == V_ASN1_SEQUENCE) || (utype == V_ASN1_SET) ||
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(utype == V_ASN1_OTHER))
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/* -1 means omit type */
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if(len == -1) return 0;
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/* If not implicitly tagged get tag from underlying type */
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if(tag == -1) tag = utype;
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/* Output tag+length followed by content octets */
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if(usetag) ASN1_put_object(out, 0, len, tag, aclass);
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asn1_ex_i2c(pval, *out, &utype, it);
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if(usetag) return ASN1_object_size(0, len, tag);
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/* Produce content octets from a structure */
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int asn1_ex_i2c(ASN1_VALUE **pval, unsigned char *cout, int *putype, const ASN1_ITEM *it)
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ASN1_BOOLEAN *tbool = NULL;
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unsigned char *cont, c;
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const ASN1_PRIMITIVE_FUNCS *pf;
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if(pf && pf->prim_i2c) return pf->prim_i2c(pval, cout, putype, it);
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/* Should type be omitted? */
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if((it->itype != ASN1_ITYPE_PRIMITIVE) || (it->utype != V_ASN1_BOOLEAN)) {
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if(!*pval) return -1;
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if(it->itype == ASN1_ITYPE_MSTRING) {
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/* If MSTRING type set the underlying type */
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strtmp = (ASN1_STRING *)*pval;
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utype = strtmp->type;
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} else if(it->utype == V_ASN1_ANY) {
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/* If ANY set type and pointer to value */
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typ = (ASN1_TYPE *)*pval;
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pval = (ASN1_VALUE **)&typ->value.ptr;
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} else utype = *putype;
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otmp = (ASN1_OBJECT *)*pval;
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tbool = (ASN1_BOOLEAN *)pval;
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if(*tbool == -1) return -1;
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/* Default handling if value == size field then omit */
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if(*tbool && (it->size > 0)) return -1;
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if(!*tbool && !it->size) return -1;
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c = (unsigned char)*tbool;
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case V_ASN1_BIT_STRING:
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return i2c_ASN1_BIT_STRING((ASN1_BIT_STRING *)*pval, cout ? &cout : NULL);
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case V_ASN1_NEG_INTEGER:
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case V_ASN1_ENUMERATED:
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case V_ASN1_NEG_ENUMERATED:
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/* These are all have the same content format
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return i2c_ASN1_INTEGER((ASN1_INTEGER *)*pval, cout ? &cout : NULL);
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case V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING:
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case V_ASN1_NUMERICSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_PRINTABLESTRING:
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case V_ASN1_T61STRING:
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case V_ASN1_VIDEOTEXSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_IA5STRING:
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case V_ASN1_GENERALIZEDTIME:
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case V_ASN1_GRAPHICSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_VISIBLESTRING:
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case V_ASN1_GENERALSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_UNIVERSALSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_BMPSTRING:
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case V_ASN1_UTF8STRING:
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case V_ASN1_SEQUENCE:
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/* All based on ASN1_STRING and handled the same */
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strtmp = (ASN1_STRING *)*pval;
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len = strtmp->length;
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if(cout && len) memcpy(cout, cont, len);