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/* CPU frequency determination.
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Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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This file is part of the GNU MP Library.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with the GNU MP Library; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not, write to
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the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
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MA 02111-1307, USA. */
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the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
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MA 02110-1301, USA. */
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/* Currently we don't get a CPU frequency on the following systems,
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alphaev5-cray-unicosmk2.0.6.X
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times() has been seen at 13.33 ns (75 MHz), which is probably not the
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cpu frequency. Measuring the cycle counter against that would be
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possible though. But currently we don't use the cycle counter due to
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unicos having int==8bytes where tune/alpha.asm assumes int==4bytes.
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m68040-unknown-netbsd1.4.1
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Not sure if the system even knows the cpu frequency. There's no
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cycle counter to measure, though we could perhaps make a loop taking
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a known number of cycles and measure that.
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powerpc604-ibm-aix4.3.1.0
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powerpc604-ibm-aix4.3.3.0
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powerpc630-ibm-aix4.3.3.0
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powerpc-unknown-netbsd1.6
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Don't know where any info hides on these. mftb is not related to the
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cpu frequency so doesn't help.
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sparc-unknown-linux-gnu [maybe]
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Don't know where any info hides on this.
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The times() call seems to be for instance 2.22 nanoseconds, which
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might be the cpu frequency (450 mhz), but need to confirm that.
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#include "config.h"
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#include <invent.h> /* for IRIX invent_cpuinfo_t */
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61
#include <stdlib.h> /* for getenv, qsort */
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#include <string.h> /* for memcmp */
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#include <unistd.h> /* for sysconf */
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/param.h> /* for constants needed by NetBSD <sys/sysctl.h> */
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#if HAVE_SYS_ATTRIBUTES_H
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#include <sys/attributes.h> /* for IRIX attr_get(), needs sys/types.h */
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#if HAVE_SYS_IOGRAPH_H
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#include <sys/iograph.h> /* for IRIX INFO_LBL_DETAIL_INVENT */
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#if HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H /* for constants needed by NetBSD <sys/sysctl.h> */
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#include <sys/param.h> /* and needed by HPUX <sys/pstat.h> */
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#include <sys/pstat.h> /* for HPUX pstat_getprocessor() */
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#if HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H
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#include <sys/sysctl.h> /* for sysctlbyname() */
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#include <sys/processor.h> /* for solaris processor_info_t */
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/* On AIX 5.1 with gcc 2.9-aix51-020209 in -maix64 mode, <sys/sysinfo.h>
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gets an error about "fill" in "struct cpuinfo" having a negative size,
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apparently due to __64BIT_KERNEL not being defined because _KERNEL is not
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defined. Avoid this file if we don't actually need it, which we don't on
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AIX since there's no getsysinfo there. */
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#if HAVE_SYS_SYSINFO_H && HAVE_GETSYSINFO
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#include <sys/sysinfo.h> /* for OSF getsysinfo */
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#if HAVE_MACHINE_HAL_SYSINFO_H
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#include <machine/hal_sysinfo.h> /* for OSF GSI_CPU_INFO, struct cpu_info */
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/* Remove definitions from NetBSD <sys/param.h>, to avoid conflicts with
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/* getsysinfo is available on OSF, or 4.0 and up at least.
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The man page (on 4.0) suggests a 0 return indicates information not
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available, but that seems to be the normal return for GSI_CPU_INFO. */
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freq_getsysinfo (int help)
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HELP ("getsysinfo() GSI_CPU_INFO");
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if (getsysinfo (GSI_CPU_INFO, (caddr_t) &c, sizeof (c),
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&start, NULL, NULL) != -1)
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / (double) c.mhz;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using getsysinfo() GSI_CPU_INFO %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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c.mhz, speed_cycletime);
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/* In HPUX 10 and up, pstat_getprocessor() psp_iticksperclktick is the
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number of CPU cycles (ie. the CR16 register) per CLK_TCK. HPUX 9 doesn't
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have that field in pst_processor though, and has no apparent
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freq_pstat_getprocessor (int help)
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#if HAVE_PSTAT_GETPROCESSOR && HAVE_PSP_ITICKSPERCLKTICK
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struct pst_processor p;
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HELP ("pstat_getprocessor() psp_iticksperclktick");
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if (pstat_getprocessor (&p, sizeof(p), 1, 0) != -1)
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (c * p.psp_iticksperclktick);
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using pstat_getprocessor() psp_iticksperclktick %lu and clk_tck %ld for cycle time %.3g\n",
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(unsigned long) p.psp_iticksperclktick, c,
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/* i386 FreeBSD 2.2.8 sysctlbyname machdep.i586_freq is in Hertz.
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There's no obvious defines available to get this from plain sysctl. */
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if (sysctlbyname ("machdep.i586_freq", &val, &size, NULL, 0) == 0
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&& size == sizeof(val))
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using sysctlbyname() machdep.i586_freq %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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val, speed_cycletime);
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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if (sysctlbyname ("machdep.tsc_freq", &val, &size, NULL, 0) == 0
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&& size == sizeof(val))
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using sysctlbyname() machdep.tsc_freq %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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val, speed_cycletime);
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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size = sizeof(val);
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if (sysctl (mib, 2, &val, &size, NULL, 0) == 0)
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using sysctl() hw.cpufrequency %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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val, speed_cycletime);
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speed_cycletime = 1.0 / (double) val;
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/* Alpha FreeBSD 4.1 and NetBSD 1.4 sysctl- hw.model string gives "Digital
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AlphaPC 164LX 599 MHz". NetBSD 1.4 doesn't seem to have sysctlbyname, so
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/* The following ssyctl hw.model strings have been observed,
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Alpha FreeBSD 4.1: Digital AlphaPC 164LX 599 MHz
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NetBSD 1.4: Digital AlphaPC 164LX 599 MHz
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NetBSD 1.6.1: CY7C601 @ 40 MHz, TMS390C602A FPU
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NetBSD 1.4 doesn't seem to have sysctlbyname, so sysctl() is used. */
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freq_sysctl_hw_model (int help)
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size = sizeof(str);
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if (sysctl (mib, 2, str, &size, NULL, 0) == 0)
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/* find the second last space */
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for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
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for (p = str; *p != '\0'; p++)
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if (sscanf (p, "%u MHz%n", &val, &end) == 1 && end != 0)
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / (double) val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using sysctl() hw.model %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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val, speed_cycletime);
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if (sscanf (p, "%u MHz", &val) != 1)
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using sysctl() hw.model %u for cycle time %.3g\n",
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val, speed_cycletime);
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / (double) val;
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if (sscanf (buf, "clock : %lfMHz\n", &val) == 1)
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if (sscanf (buf, "clock : %lfMHz\n%n", &val, &end) == 1 && end != 0)
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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while (fgets (buf, sizeof (buf), fp) != NULL)
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if (sscanf (buf, " cpu0 is a \"%lf MHz", &val) == 1)
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if (sscanf (buf, " cpu0 is a \"%lf MHz%n", &val, &end) == 1
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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while (fgets (buf, sizeof (buf), fp) != NULL)
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if (sscanf (buf, " The speed of the CPU is approximately %lfMhz",
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if (sscanf (buf, " The speed of the CPU is approximately %lfMhz%n",
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&val, &end) == 1 && end != 0)
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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/* "hinv -c processor" for IRIX.
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The first line printed is for instance "2 195 MHZ IP27 Processors". */
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/* attr_get("/hw/cpunum/0",INFO_LBL_DETAIL_INVENT) ic_cpu_info.cpufq for
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IRIX 6.5. Past versions don't have INFO_LBL_DETAIL_INVENT,
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invent_cpuinfo_t, or /hw/cpunum/0.
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The same information is available from the "hinv -c processor" command,
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but it seems better to make a system call where possible. */
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freq_irix_hinv (int help)
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freq_attr_get_invent (int help)
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HELP ("IRIX \"hinv -c processor\" output");
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/* Error messages are sent to /dev/null in case hinv doesn't exist. The
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brackets are necessary for some shells. */
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if ((fp = popen ("(hinv -c processor) 2>/dev/null", "r")) != NULL)
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#if HAVE_ATTR_GET && HAVE_INVENT_H && defined (INFO_LBL_DETAIL_INVENT)
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invent_cpuinfo_t inv;
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HELP ("attr_get(\"/hw/cpunum/0\") ic_cpu_info.cpufq");
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if (attr_get ("/hw/cpunum/0", INFO_LBL_DETAIL_INVENT,
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(char *) &inv, &len, 0) == 0
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&& len == sizeof (inv)
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&& inv.ic_gen.ig_invclass == INV_PROCESSOR)
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while (fgets (buf, sizeof (buf), fp) != NULL)
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if (sscanf (buf, "%d %lf MHZ", &nproc, &val) == 2)
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using hinv -c processor \"%.2f MHZ\" for cycle time %.3g\n", val, speed_cycletime);
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val = inv.ic_cpu_info.cpufq;
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using attr_get(\"/hw/cpunum/0\") ic_cpu_info.cpufq %d MHz for cycle time %.3g\n", val, speed_cycletime);
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/* "hinv -c processor" for IRIX. The following lines have been seen,
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1 150 MHZ IP20 Processor
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2 195 MHZ IP27 Processors
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Processor 0: 500 MHZ IP35
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This information is available from attr_get() on IRIX 6.5 (see above),
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but on IRIX 6.2 it's not clear where to look, so fall back on
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freq_irix_hinv (int help)
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HELP ("IRIX \"hinv -c processor\" output");
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/* Error messages are sent to /dev/null in case hinv doesn't exist. The
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brackets are necessary for some shells. */
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if ((fp = popen ("(hinv -c processor) 2>/dev/null", "r")) != NULL)
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while (fgets (buf, sizeof (buf), fp) != NULL)
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if (sscanf (buf, "Processor 0: %lf MHZ%n", &val, &end) == 1
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speed_cycletime = 1e-6 / val;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using hinv -c processor \"%.2f MHZ\" for cycle time %.3g\n", val, speed_cycletime);
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if (sscanf (buf, "%d %lf MHZ%n", &nproc, &val, &end) == 2
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/* processor_info() for Solaris. "psrinfo" is the command-line interface to
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this. "prtconf -vp" gives similar information.
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/* "get" is called repeatedly until it ticks over, just in case on a fast
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processor it takes less than a microsecond, though this is probably
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unlikely if it's a system call.
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speed_cyclecounter is called on the same side of the "get" for the start
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and end measurements. It doesn't matter how long it takes from the "get"
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sample to the cycles sample, since that period will cancel out in the
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difference calculation (assuming it's the same each time).
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Letting the test run for more than a process time slice is probably only
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going to reduce accuracy, especially for getrusage when the cycle counter
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is real time, or for gettimeofday if the cycle counter is in fact process
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time. Use CLK_TCK/2 as a reasonable stop.
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It'd be desirable to be quite accurate here. The default speed_precision
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for a cycle counter is 10000 cycles, so to mix that with getrusage or
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gettimeofday the frequency should be at least that accurate. But running
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measurements for 10000 microseconds (or more) is too long. Be satisfied
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with just a half clock tick (5000 microseconds usually). */
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#define FREQ_MEASURE_ONE(name, type, get, sec, usec) \
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type st1, st, et1, et; \
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unsigned sc[2], ec[2]; \
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long dt, half_tick; \
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half_tick = (1000000L / clk_tck()) / 2; \
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} while (usec(st) == usec(st1) && sec(st) == sec(st1)); \
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speed_cyclecounter (sc); \
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} while (usec(et) == usec(et1) && sec(et) == sec(et1)); \
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speed_cyclecounter (ec); \
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dc = speed_cyclecounter_diff (ec, sc); \
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/* allow secs to cancel before multiplying */ \
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dt = sec(et) - sec(st); \
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dt = dt * 100000L + (usec(et) - usec(st)); \
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if (dt >= half_tick) \
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cyc = dt * 1e-6 / dc; \
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if (speed_option_verbose >= 2) \
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printf ("freq_measure_%s_one() dc=%.6g dt=%ld cyc=%.6g\n", \
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name, dc, dt, cyc); \
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return dt * 1e-6 / dc; \
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#if HAVE_SPEED_CYCLECOUNTER && HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
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freq_measure_gettimeofday_one (void)
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#define timeval_tv_sec(t) ((t).tv_sec)
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#define timeval_tv_usec(t) ((t).tv_usec)
586
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FREQ_MEASURE_ONE ("gettimeofday", struct timeval,
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call_gettimeofday, timeval_tv_sec, timeval_tv_usec);
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call_gettimeofday, speed_cyclecounter,
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timeval_tv_sec, timeval_tv_usec);
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#define rusage_tv_sec(t) ((t).ru_utime.tv_sec)
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#define rusage_tv_usec(t) ((t).ru_utime.tv_usec)
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FREQ_MEASURE_ONE ("getrusage", struct rusage,
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call_getrusage, rusage_tv_sec, rusage_tv_usec);
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call_getrusage, speed_cyclecounter,
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rusage_tv_sec, rusage_tv_usec);
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if (t[j+MEASURE_MATCH-1] <= t[j] * MEASURE_TOLERANCE)
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/* use the average of the range found */
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speed_cycletime = (t[j+MEASURE_MATCH-1] + t[j]) / 2.0;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
632
printf ("Using %s() measured cycle counter %.4g (%.2f MHz)\n",
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name, speed_cycletime, 1e-6/speed_cycletime);
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return (t[j+MEASURE_MATCH-1] + t[j]) / 2.0;
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freq_measure_getrusage (int help)
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#if HAVE_SPEED_CYCLECOUNTER && HAVE_GETRUSAGE
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if (! getrusage_microseconds_p ())
647
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if (! cycles_works_p ())
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HELP ("cycle counter measured with microsecond getrusage()");
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return freq_measure ("getrusage", freq_measure_getrusage_one);
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cycletime = freq_measure ("getrusage", freq_measure_getrusage_one);
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if (cycletime == -1.0)
762
speed_cycletime = cycletime;
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if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using getrusage() measured cycle counter %.4g (%.2f MHz)\n",
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speed_cycletime, 1e-6/speed_cycletime);
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HELP ("cycle counter measured with microsecond gettimeofday()");
669
return freq_measure ("gettimeofday", freq_measure_gettimeofday_one);
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cycletime = freq_measure ("gettimeofday", freq_measure_gettimeofday_one);
787
if (cycletime == -1.0)
790
speed_cycletime = cycletime;
791
if (speed_option_verbose)
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printf ("Using gettimeofday() measured cycle counter %.4g (%.2f MHz)\n",
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speed_cycletime, 1e-6/speed_cycletime);
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anything the system gives. */
690
815
freq_environment (help)
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|| freq_attr_get_invent (help)
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|| freq_getsysinfo (help)
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|| freq_pstat_getprocessor (help)
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820
|| freq_sysctl_hw_model (help)
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|| freq_sysctl_hw_cpufrequency (help)
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|| freq_sysctlbyname_i586_freq (help)
added
removed
src/gmp/tune/freq.c
