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How to Use Open vSwitch with Docker
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====================================
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This document describes how to use Open vSwitch with Docker 1.2.0 or
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later. This document assumes that you installed Open vSwitch by following
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[INSTALL.md] or by using the distribution packages such as .deb or .rpm.
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Consult www.docker.com for instructions on how to install Docker.
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Currently there is no native integration of Open vSwitch in Docker, i.e.,
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one cannot use the Docker client to automatically add a container's
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network interface to an Open vSwitch bridge during the creation of the
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container. This document describes addition of new network interfaces to an
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already created container and in turn attaching that interface as a port to an
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Open vSwitch bridge. If and when there is a native integration of Open vSwitch
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with Docker, the ovs-docker utility described in this document is expected to
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* Create your container, e.g.:
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% docker run -d ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c \
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"while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
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The above command creates a container with one network interface 'eth0'
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and attaches it to a Linux bridge called 'docker0'. 'eth0' by default
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gets an IP address in the 172.17.0.0/16 space. Docker sets up iptables
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NAT rules to let this interface talk to the outside world. Also since
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it is connected to 'docker0' bridge, it can talk to all other containers
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connected to the same bridge. If you prefer that no network interface be
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created by default, you can start your container with
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the option '--net=none', e,g.:
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% docker run -d --net=none ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c \
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"while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
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The above commands will return a container id. You will need to pass this
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value to the utility 'ovs-docker' to create network interfaces attached to an
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Open vSwitch bridge as a port. This document will reference this value
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as $CONTAINER_ID in the next steps.
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* Add a new network interface to the container and attach it to an Open vSwitch
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`% ovs-docker add-port br-int eth1 $CONTAINER_ID`
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The above command will create a network interface 'eth1' inside the container
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and then attaches it to the Open vSwitch bridge 'br-int'. This is done by
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creating a veth pair. One end of the interface becomes 'eth1' inside the
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container and the other end attaches to 'br-int'.
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The script also lets one to add IP address, MAC address, Gateway address and
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MTU for the interface. e.g.:
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% ovs-docker add-port br-int eth1 $CONTAINER_ID --ipaddress=192.168.1.2/24 \
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--macaddress=a2:c3:0d:49:7f:f8 --gateway=192.168.1.1 --mtu=1450
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* A previously added network interface can be deleted. e.g.:
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`% ovs-docker del-port br-int eth1 $CONTAINER_ID`
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All the previously added Open vSwitch interfaces inside a container can be
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`% ovs-docker del-ports br-int $CONTAINER_ID`
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It is important that the same $CONTAINER_ID be passed to both add-port
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and del-port[s] commands.
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* More network control.
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Once a container interface is added to an Open vSwitch bridge, one can
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set VLANs, create Tunnels, add OpenFlow rules etc for more network control.
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Many times, it is important that the underlying network infrastructure is
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plumbed (or programmed) before the application inside the container starts.
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To handle this, one can create a micro-container, attach an Open vSwitch
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interface to that container, set the UUIDS in OVSDB as mentioned in
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[IntegrationGuide.md] and then program the bridge to handle traffic coming out
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of that container. Now, you can start the main container asking it
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to share the network of the micro-container. When your application starts,
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the underlying network infrastructure would be ready. e.g.:
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% docker run -d --net=container:$MICROCONTAINER_ID ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c \
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"while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
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Please read the man pages of ovs-vsctl, ovs-ofctl, ovs-vswitchd,
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ovsdb-server and ovs-vswitchd.conf.db etc for more details about Open vSwitch.
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Docker networking is quite flexible and can be used in multiple ways. For more
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information, please read:
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https://docs.docker.com/articles/networking
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Please report problems to bugs@openvswitch.org.
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[INSTALL.md]:INSTALL.md
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[IntegrationGuide.md]:IntegrationGuide.md
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INSTALL.Docker.md
