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# Copyright (c) 1998-2003 Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net>
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# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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# the following conditions:
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# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
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# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
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# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
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# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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# Note: Originally licensed under LGPL v2+. Using MIT license for Rails
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# with permission of Minero Aoki.
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# = TMail - The EMail Swiss Army Knife for Ruby
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# The TMail library provides you with a very complete way to handle and manipulate EMails
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# from within your Ruby programs.
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# Used as the backbone for email handling by the Ruby on Rails and Nitro web frameworks as
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# well as a bunch of other Ruby apps including the Ruby-Talk mailing list to newsgroup email
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# gateway, it is a proven and reliable email handler that won't let you down.
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# Originally created by Minero Aoki, TMail has been recently picked up by Mikel Lindsaar and
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# is being actively maintained. Numerous backlogged bug fixes have been applied as well as
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# Ruby 1.9 compatibility and a swath of documentation to boot.
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# TMail allows you to treat an email totally as an object and allow you to get on with your
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# own programming without having to worry about crafting the perfect email address validation
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# parser, or assembling an email from all it's component parts.
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# TMail handles the most complex part of the email - the header. It generates and parses
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# headers and provides you with instant access to their innards through simple and logically
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# named accessor and setter methods.
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# TMail also provides a wrapper to Net/SMTP as well as Unix Mailbox handling methods to
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# directly read emails from your unix mailbox, parse them and use them.
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# Following is the comprehensive list of methods to access TMail::Mail objects. You can also
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# check out TMail::Mail, TMail::Address and TMail::Headers for other lists.
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# Provides an exception to throw on errors in Syntax within TMail's parsers
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class SyntaxError < StandardError; end
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# Provides a new email boundary to separate parts of the email. This is a random
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# string based off the current time, so should be fairly unique.
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# #=> "mimepart_47bf656968207_25a8fbb80114"
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# #=> "mimepart_47bf66051de4_25a8fbb80240"
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def TMail.new_boundary
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'mimepart_' + random_tag
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# Provides a new email message ID. You can use this to generate unique email message
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# id's for your email so you can track them.
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# Optionally takes a fully qualified domain name (default to the current hostname
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# returned by Socket.gethostname) that will be appended to the message ID.
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# email.message_id = TMail.new_message_id
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# #=> "<47bf66845380e_25a8fbb80332@baci.local.tmail>"
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# #=> "Message-Id: <47bf668b633f1_25a8fbb80475@baci.local.tmail>\n\n"
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# email.message_id = TMail.new_message_id("lindsaar.net")
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# #=> "<47bf668b633f1_25a8fbb80475@lindsaar.net.tmail>"
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# #=> "Message-Id: <47bf668b633f1_25a8fbb80475@lindsaar.net.tmail>\n\n"
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def TMail.new_message_id( fqdn = nil )
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fqdn ||= ::Socket.gethostname
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"<#{random_tag()}@#{fqdn}.tmail>"
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def TMail.random_tag #:nodoc:
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sprintf('%x%x_%x%x%d%x',
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$$, Thread.current.object_id, @uniq, rand(255))
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private_class_method :random_tag
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# Text Utils provides a namespace to define TOKENs, ATOMs, PHRASEs and CONTROL characters that
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# are OK per RFC 2822.
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# It also provides methods you can call to determine if a string is safe
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aspecial = %Q|()<>[]:;.\\,"|
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tspecial = %Q|()<>[];:\\,"/?=|
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control = %Q|\x00-\x1f\x7f-\xff|
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CONTROL_CHAR = /[#{control}]/n
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ATOM_UNSAFE = /[#{Regexp.quote aspecial}#{control}#{lwsp}]/n
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PHRASE_UNSAFE = /[#{Regexp.quote aspecial}#{control}]/n
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TOKEN_UNSAFE = /[#{Regexp.quote tspecial}#{control}#{lwsp}]/n
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# Returns true if the string supplied is free from characters not allowed as an ATOM
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def atom_safe?( str )
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not ATOM_UNSAFE === str
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# If the string supplied has ATOM unsafe characters in it, will return the string quoted
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# in double quotes, otherwise returns the string unmodified
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def quote_atom( str )
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(ATOM_UNSAFE === str) ? dquote(str) : str
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# If the string supplied has PHRASE unsafe characters in it, will return the string quoted
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# in double quotes, otherwise returns the string unmodified
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def quote_phrase( str )
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(PHRASE_UNSAFE === str) ? dquote(str) : str
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# Returns true if the string supplied is free from characters not allowed as a TOKEN
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def token_safe?( str )
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not TOKEN_UNSAFE === str
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# If the string supplied has TOKEN unsafe characters in it, will return the string quoted
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# in double quotes, otherwise returns the string unmodified
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def quote_token( str )
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(TOKEN_UNSAFE === str) ? dquote(str) : str
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# Wraps supplied string in double quotes unless it is already wrapped
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# Returns double quoted string
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def dquote( str ) #:nodoc:
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unless str =~ /^".*?"$/
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'"' + str.gsub(/["\\]/n) {|s| '\\' + s } + '"'
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# Unwraps supplied string from inside double quotes
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# Returns unquoted string
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str =~ /^"(.*?)"$/ ? $1 : str
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# Provides a method to join a domain name by it's parts and also makes it
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# ATOM safe by quoting it as needed
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def join_domain( arr )
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if /\A\[.*\]\z/ === i
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'nst' => -(3 * 60 + 30),
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# Takes a time zone string from an EMail and converts it to Unix Time (seconds)
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def timezone_string_to_unixtime( str )
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if m = /([\+\-])(\d\d?)(\d\d)/.match(str)
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sec = (m[2].to_i * 60 + m[3].to_i) * 60
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m[1] == '-' ? -sec : sec
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min = ZONESTR_TABLE[str.downcase] or
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raise SyntaxError, "wrong timezone format '#{str}'"
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WDAY = %w( Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat TMailBUG )
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MONTH = %w( TMailBUG Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
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Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TMailBUG )
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gmt = Time.at(tm.to_i)
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offset = tm.to_i - Time.local(*gmt.to_a[0,6].reverse).to_i
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# DO NOT USE strftime: setlocale() breaks it
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sprintf '%s, %s %s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+.2d%.2d',
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WDAY[tm.wday], tm.mday, MONTH[tm.month],
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tm.year, tm.hour, tm.min, tm.sec,
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*(offset / 60).divmod(60)
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MESSAGE_ID = /<[^\@>]+\@[^>\@]+>/
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def message_id?( str )
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MIME_ENCODED = /=\?[^\s?=]+\?[QB]\?[^\s?=]+\?=/i
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def mime_encoded?( str )
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def decode_params( hash )
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hash.each do |key, value|
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if m = /\*(?:(\d+)\*)?\z/.match(key)
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((encoded ||= {})[m.pre_match] ||= [])[(m[1] || 0).to_i] = value
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new[key] = to_kcode(value)
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encoded.each do |key, strings|
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new[key] = decode_RFC2231(strings.join(''))
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flag = NKF_FLAGS[TMail.KCODE] or return str
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RFC2231_ENCODED = /\A(?:iso-2022-jp|euc-jp|shift_jis|us-ascii)?'[a-z]*'/in
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def decode_RFC2231( str )
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m = RFC2231_ENCODED.match(str) or return str
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to_kcode(m.post_match.gsub(/%[\da-f]{2}/in) {|s| s[1,2].hex.chr })
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m.post_match.gsub(/%[\da-f]{2}/in, "")
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# Make sure the Content-Type boundary= parameter is quoted if it contains illegal characters
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# (to ensure any special characters in the boundary text are escaped from the parser
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# (such as = in MS Outlook's boundary text))
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if @body =~ /^(.*)boundary=(.*)$/m
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remainder =~ /^(.*?)(;.*)$/m
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boundary_text = remainder.chomp
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if boundary_text =~ /[\/\?\=]/
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boundary_text = "\"#{boundary_text}\"" unless boundary_text =~ /^".*?"$/
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@body = "#{preamble}boundary=#{boundary_text}#{post}"