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# This class is used to dump the database schema for some connection to some
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# output format (i.e., ActiveRecord::Schema).
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class SchemaDumper #:nodoc:
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private_class_method :new
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# A list of tables which should not be dumped to the schema.
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# Acceptable values are strings as well as regexp.
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# This setting is only used if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
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cattr_accessor :ignore_tables
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def self.dump(connection=ActiveRecord::Base.connection, stream=STDOUT)
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new(connection).dump(stream)
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def initialize(connection)
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@connection = connection
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@types = @connection.native_database_types
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@version = Migrator::current_version rescue nil
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define_params = @version ? ":version => #{@version}" : ""
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# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead of editing this file,
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# please use the migrations feature of Active Record to incrementally modify your database, and
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# then regenerate this schema definition.
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# Note that this schema.rb definition is the authoritative source for your database schema. If you need
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# to create the application database on another system, you should be using db:schema:load, not running
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# all the migrations from scratch. The latter is a flawed and unsustainable approach (the more migrations
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# you'll amass, the slower it'll run and the greater likelihood for issues).
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# It's strongly recommended to check this file into your version control system.
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ActiveRecord::Schema.define(#{define_params}) do
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@connection.tables.sort.each do |tbl|
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next if ['schema_migrations', ignore_tables].flatten.any? do |ignored|
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when String; tbl == ignored
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when Regexp; tbl =~ ignored
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raise StandardError, 'ActiveRecord::SchemaDumper.ignore_tables accepts an array of String and / or Regexp values.'
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def table(table, stream)
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columns = @connection.columns(table)
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# first dump primary key column
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if @connection.respond_to?(:pk_and_sequence_for)
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pk, pk_seq = @connection.pk_and_sequence_for(table)
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elsif @connection.respond_to?(:primary_key)
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pk = @connection.primary_key(table)
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tbl.print " create_table #{table.inspect}"
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if columns.detect { |c| c.name == pk }
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tbl.print %Q(, :primary_key => "#{pk}")
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tbl.print ", :id => false"
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tbl.print ", :force => true"
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# then dump all non-primary key columns
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column_specs = columns.map do |column|
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raise StandardError, "Unknown type '#{column.sql_type}' for column '#{column.name}'" if @types[column.type].nil?
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next if column.name == pk
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spec[:name] = column.name.inspect
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spec[:type] = column.type.to_s
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spec[:limit] = column.limit.inspect if column.limit != @types[column.type][:limit] && column.type != :decimal
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spec[:precision] = column.precision.inspect if !column.precision.nil?
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spec[:scale] = column.scale.inspect if !column.scale.nil?
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spec[:null] = 'false' if !column.null
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spec[:default] = default_string(column.default) if column.has_default?
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(spec.keys - [:name, :type]).each{ |k| spec[k].insert(0, "#{k.inspect} => ")}
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# find all migration keys used in this table
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keys = [:name, :limit, :precision, :scale, :default, :null] & column_specs.map(&:keys).flatten
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# figure out the lengths for each column based on above keys
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lengths = keys.map{ |key| column_specs.map{ |spec| spec[key] ? spec[key].length + 2 : 0 }.max }
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# the string we're going to sprintf our values against, with standardized column widths
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format_string = lengths.map{ |len| "%-#{len}s" }
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# find the max length for the 'type' column, which is special
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type_length = column_specs.map{ |column| column[:type].length }.max
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# add column type definition to our format string
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format_string.unshift " t.%-#{type_length}s "
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column_specs.each do |colspec|
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values = keys.zip(lengths).map{ |key, len| colspec.key?(key) ? colspec[key] + ", " : " " * len }
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values.unshift colspec[:type]
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tbl.print((format_string % values).gsub(/,\s*$/, ''))
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stream.print tbl.read
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stream.puts "# Could not dump table #{table.inspect} because of following #{e.class}"
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stream.puts "# #{e.message}"
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def default_string(value)
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when Date, DateTime, Time
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"'" + value.to_s(:db) + "'"
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def indexes(table, stream)
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if (indexes = @connection.indexes(table)).any?
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add_index_statements = indexes.map do |index|
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statment_parts = [ ('add_index ' + index.table.inspect) ]
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statment_parts << index.columns.inspect
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statment_parts << (':name => ' + index.name.inspect)
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statment_parts << ':unique => true' if index.unique
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' ' + statment_parts.join(', ')
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stream.puts add_index_statements.sort.join("\n")