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<title>mod_authz_dbm - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.2</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authz_dbm</h1>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../ko/mod/mod_authz_dbm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group authorization using DBM files</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module�Identifier:</a></th><td>authz_dbm_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source�File:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbm.c</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.1 and later</td></tr></table>
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<p>This module provides authorization capabilities so that
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authenticated users can be allowed or denied access to portions
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of the web site by group membership. Similar functionality is
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provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code>.</p>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbmgroupfile">AuthDBMGroupFile</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbmauthoritative">AuthzDBMAuthoritative</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbmtype">AuthzDBMType</a></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code></li>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBMGroupFile" id="AuthDBMGroupFile">AuthDBMGroupFile</a> <a name="authdbmgroupfile" id="authdbmgroupfile">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the name of the database file containing the list
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of user groups for authorization</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMGroupFile <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbm</td></tr>
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<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> directive sets the
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name of a DBM file containing the list of user groups for user
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authorization. <var>File-path</var> is the absolute path to the
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<p>The group file is keyed on the username. The value for a
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user is a comma-separated list of the groups to which the users
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belongs. There must be no whitespace within the value, and it
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must never contain any colons.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
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<p>Make sure that the <code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> is
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stored outside the document tree of the web-server. Do
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<strong>not</strong> put it in the directory that it protects.
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Otherwise, clients will be able to download the
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<code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> unless otherwise
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<p>Combining Group and Password DBM files: In some cases it is
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easier to manage a single database which contains both the
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password and group details for each user. This simplifies any
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support programs that need to be written: they now only have to
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deal with writing to and locking a single DBM file. This can be
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accomplished by first setting the group and password files to
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point to the same DBM:</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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AuthDBMGroupFile /www/userbase<br />
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AuthDBMUserFile /www/userbase
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<p>The key for the single DBM is the username. The value consists
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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Encrypted Password : List of Groups [ : (ignored) ]
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<p>The password section contains the encrypted
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password as before. This is followed by a colon and the comma
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separated list of groups. Other data may optionally be left in the
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DBM file after another colon; it is ignored by the authorization
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module. This is what www.telescope.org uses for its combined
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password and group database.</p>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBMAuthoritative" id="AuthzDBMAuthoritative">AuthzDBMAuthoritative</a> <a name="authzdbmauthoritative" id="authzdbmauthoritative">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets whether authorization will be passed on to lower level
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBMAuthoritative On|Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBMAuthoritative On</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbm</td></tr>
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<p>Setting the <code class="directive">AuthzDBMAuthoritative</code>
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directive explicitly to <code>Off</code> allows group authorization
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to be passed on to lower level modules (as defined in the
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<code>modules.c</code> file) if there is no group found
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for the the supplied userID. If there are any groups
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specified, the usual checks will be applied and a failure will
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give an Authentication Required reply.</p>
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<p>So if a userID appears in the database of more than one module;
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or if a valid <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code>
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directive applies to more than one module; then the first module
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will verify the credentials; and no access is passed on;
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regardless of the <code class="directive">AuthAuthoritative</code> setting.</p>
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<p>A common use for this is in conjunction with one of the
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auth providers; such as <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code> or
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>. Whereas this DBM module supplies
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the bulk of the user credential checking; a few (administrator) related
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accesses fall through to a lower level with a well protected
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<code>.htpasswd</code> file.</p>
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<p>By default, control is not passed on and an unknown group
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will result in an Authentication Required reply. Not
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setting it thus keeps the system secure and forces an NCSA
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compliant behaviour.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
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<p>Do consider the implications of allowing a user to
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allow fall-through in his .htaccess file; and verify that this
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is really what you want; Generally it is easier to just secure
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a single <code>.htpasswd</code> file, than it is to secure a
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database which might have more access interfaces.</p>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBMType" id="AuthzDBMType">AuthzDBMType</a> <a name="authzdbmtype" id="authzdbmtype">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the type of database file that is used to
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store list of user groups</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBMType default|SDBM|GDBM|NDBM|DB</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBMType default</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbm</td></tr>
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<p>Sets the type of database file that is used to store the list
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The default database type is determined at compile time. The
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availability of other types of database files also depends on
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<a href="../install.html#dbm">compile-time settings</a>.</p>
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<p>It is crucial that whatever program you use to create your group
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files is configured to use the same type of database.</p>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbm.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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