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Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGN Adapter
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Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Microcode Package README.iwlwifi-4965-ucode
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The file iwlwifi-4965-1.ucode provided in this package must be
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present on your system in order for the Intel Wireless WiFi Link
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4965AGN driver for Linux (iwlwifi-4965) to operate on your system.
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The "-1" in the filename reflects an interface/architecture version number.
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It will change only when changes in new uCode releases make the new uCode
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incompatible with earlier drivers.
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On adapter initialization, and at varying times during the uptime of
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the adapter, the microcode is loaded into the RAM on the network
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adapter. The microcode provides the low level MAC features including
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radio control and high precision timing events (backoff, transmit,
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etc.) while also providing varying levels of packet filtering which can
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be used to keep the host from having to handle packets that are not of
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interest given the current operating mode of the device.
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The iwlwifi-4965 driver will look for the file iwlwifi-4965-1.ucode using the
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kernel's firmware_loader infrastructure. In order to function
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correctly, you need to have this support enabled in your kernel. When
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you configure the kernel, you can find this option in the following
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Generic Driver Options ->
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Hotplug firmware loading support
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You can determine if your kernel currently has firmware loader support
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by looking for the CONFIG_FW_LOADER definition on your kernel's
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In addition to having the firmware_loader support in your kernel, you
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must also have a working hotplug and udev infrastructure configured.
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The steps for installing and configuring hotplug and udev are very
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distribution specific.
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Once you have the firmware loader in place (or if you aren't sure and
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you just want to try things to see if it works), you need to install
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the microcode file into the appropriate location.
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Where that appropriate location is depends (again) on your system
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distribution. You can typically find this location by looking in the
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hotplug configuration file for your distro:
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% grep \"^FIRMWARE_DIR\" /etc/hotplug/firmware.agent
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This should give you output like:
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FIRMWARE_DIR=/lib/firmware
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If it lists more than one directory, you only need to put the
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microcode in one of them. In the above example, installation is
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% cp iwlwifi-4965-1.ucode /lib/firmware
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You can now load the driver (see the INSTALL and README.iwlwifi provided with
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the iwlwifi package for information on building and using that driver.)
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The microcode in this package (iwlwifi-4965.ucode) is provided under the
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terms of the following license (available in the file
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LICENSE.iwlwifi-4965-ucode):
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Copyright (c) 2006, Intel Corporation.
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Redistribution. Redistribution and use in binary form, without
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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* Redistributions must reproduce the above copyright notice and the
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following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
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provided with the distribution.
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* Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its suppliers
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may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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without specific prior written permission.
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* No reverse engineering, decompilation, or disassembly of this software
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Limited patent license. Intel Corporation grants a world-wide,
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royalty-free, non-exclusive license under patents it now or hereafter
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owns or controls to make, have made, use, import, offer to sell and
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sell ("Utilize") this software, but solely to the extent that any
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such patent is necessary to Utilize the software alone, or in
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combination with an operating system licensed under an approved Open
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Source license as listed by the Open Source Initiative at
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http://opensource.org/licenses. The patent license shall not apply to
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any other combinations which include this software. No hardware per
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se is licensed hereunder.
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DISCLAIMER. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
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CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
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BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
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BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
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OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
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ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
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TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
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USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH