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* Copyright (c) 1999-2005, 2007-2011 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
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* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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* WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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* ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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* ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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* OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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* Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
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* Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
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* Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/param.h>
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#endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
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#endif /* HAVE_STRING_H */
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#endif /* HAVE_STRINGS_H */
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#endif /* HAVE_UNISTD_H */
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#ifdef HAVE_PAM_PAM_APPL_H
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# include <pam/pam_appl.h>
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# include <security/pam_appl.h>
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# if defined(__LINUX_PAM__)
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# define PAM_TEXT_DOMAIN "Linux-PAM"
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# elif defined(__sun__)
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# define PAM_TEXT_DOMAIN "SUNW_OST_SYSOSPAM"
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#include "sudo_auth.h"
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/* Only OpenPAM and Linux PAM use const qualifiers. */
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#if defined(_OPENPAM) || defined(OPENPAM_VERSION) || \
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defined(__LIBPAM_VERSION) || defined(__LINUX_PAM__)
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# define PAM_CONST const
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static int converse(int, PAM_CONST struct pam_message **,
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struct pam_response **, void *);
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static char *def_prompt = "Password:";
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#ifndef PAM_DATA_SILENT
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#define PAM_DATA_SILENT 0
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static pam_handle_t *pamh;
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pam_init(struct passwd *pw, sudo_auth *auth)
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static struct pam_conv pam_conv;
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static int pam_status;
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/* Initial PAM setup */
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auth->data = (void *) &pam_status;
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pam_conv.conv = converse;
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if (ISSET(sudo_mode, MODE_LOGIN_SHELL))
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pam_status = pam_start("sudo-i", pw->pw_name, &pam_conv, &pamh);
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pam_status = pam_start("sudo", pw->pw_name, &pam_conv, &pamh);
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if (pam_status != PAM_SUCCESS) {
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log_error(USE_ERRNO|NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL, _("unable to initialize PAM"));
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* Set PAM_RUSER to the invoking user (the "from" user).
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* We set PAM_RHOST to avoid a bug in Solaris 7 and below.
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_RUSER, user_name);
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, user_host);
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* Some versions of pam_lastlog have a bug that
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* will cause a crash if PAM_TTY is not set so if
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* there is no tty, set PAM_TTY to the empty string.
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if (user_ttypath == NULL)
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, "");
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, user_ttypath);
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pam_verify(struct passwd *pw, char *prompt, sudo_auth *auth)
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int *pam_status = (int *) auth->data;
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def_prompt = prompt; /* for converse */
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/* PAM_SILENT prevents the authentication service from generating output. */
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*pam_status = pam_authenticate(pamh, PAM_SILENT);
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switch (*pam_status) {
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*pam_status = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, PAM_SILENT);
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switch (*pam_status) {
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL, _("account validation failure, "
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"is your account locked?"));
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case PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD:
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL, _("Account or password is "
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"expired, reset your password and try again"));
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*pam_status = pam_chauthtok(pamh,
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PAM_CHANGE_EXPIRED_AUTHTOK);
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if (*pam_status == PAM_SUCCESS)
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if ((s = pam_strerror(pamh, *pam_status)))
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL, _("pam_chauthtok: %s"), s);
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case PAM_AUTHTOK_EXPIRED:
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL,
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_("Password expired, contact your system administrator"));
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case PAM_ACCT_EXPIRED:
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL,
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_("Account expired or PAM config lacks an \"account\" "
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"section for sudo, contact your system administrator"));
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/* error or ^C from tgetpass() */
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case PAM_PERM_DENIED:
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if ((s = pam_strerror(pamh, *pam_status)))
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log_error(NO_EXIT|NO_MAIL, _("pam_authenticate: %s"), s);
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pam_cleanup(struct passwd *pw, sudo_auth *auth)
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int *pam_status = (int *) auth->data;
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/* If successful, we can't close the session until pam_end_session() */
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if (*pam_status == AUTH_SUCCESS)
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*pam_status = pam_end(pamh, *pam_status | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
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return *pam_status == PAM_SUCCESS ? AUTH_SUCCESS : AUTH_FAILURE;
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pam_begin_session(struct passwd *pw, sudo_auth *auth)
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int status = PAM_SUCCESS;
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* If there is no valid user we cannot open a PAM session.
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* This is not an error as sudo can run commands with arbitrary
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* uids, it just means we are done from a session management standpoint.
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(void) pam_end(pamh, PAM_SUCCESS | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
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* Update PAM_USER to reference the user we are running the command
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* as, as opposed to the user we authenticated as.
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_USER, pw->pw_name);
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* Set credentials (may include resource limits, device ownership, etc).
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* We don't check the return value here because in Linux-PAM 0.75
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* it returns the last saved return code, not the return code
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* for the setcred module. Because we haven't called pam_authenticate(),
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* this is not set and so pam_setcred() returns PAM_PERM_DENIED.
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* We can't call pam_acct_mgmt() with Linux-PAM for a similar reason.
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(void) pam_setcred(pamh, PAM_ESTABLISH_CRED);
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#ifndef NO_PAM_SESSION
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status = pam_open_session(pamh, 0);
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if (status != PAM_SUCCESS) {
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(void) pam_end(pamh, status | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
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return status == PAM_SUCCESS ? AUTH_SUCCESS : AUTH_FAILURE;
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pam_end_session(struct passwd *pw, sudo_auth *auth)
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int status = PAM_SUCCESS;
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#ifndef NO_PAM_SESSION
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* Update PAM_USER to reference the user we are running the command
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* as to match the call to pam_open_session().
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(void) pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_USER, pw->pw_name);
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(void) pam_close_session(pamh, PAM_SILENT);
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status = pam_end(pamh, PAM_SUCCESS | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
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return status == PAM_SUCCESS ? AUTH_SUCCESS : AUTH_FAILURE;
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* ``Conversation function'' for PAM.
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* XXX - does not handle PAM_BINARY_PROMPT
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converse(int num_msg, PAM_CONST struct pam_message **msg,
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struct pam_response **response, void *appdata_ptr)
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struct pam_response *pr;
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PAM_CONST struct pam_message *pm;
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int n, type, std_prompt;
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if ((*response = malloc(num_msg * sizeof(struct pam_response))) == NULL)
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return PAM_SYSTEM_ERR;
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zero_bytes(*response, num_msg * sizeof(struct pam_response));
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for (pr = *response, pm = *msg, n = num_msg; n--; pr++, pm++) {
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type = SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF;
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switch (pm->msg_style) {
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case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON:
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type = SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_ON;
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case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF:
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/* Error out if the last password read was interrupted. */
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/* Is the sudo prompt standard? (If so, we'l just use PAM's) */
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std_prompt = strncmp(def_prompt, "Password:", 9) == 0 &&
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(def_prompt[9] == '\0' ||
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(def_prompt[9] == ' ' && def_prompt[10] == '\0'));
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/* Only override PAM prompt if it matches /^Password: ?/ */
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#if defined(PAM_TEXT_DOMAIN) && defined(HAVE_LIBINTL_H)
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if (!def_passprompt_override && (std_prompt ||
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(strcmp(pm->msg, dgettext(PAM_TEXT_DOMAIN, "Password: ")) &&
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strcmp(pm->msg, dgettext(PAM_TEXT_DOMAIN, "Password:")))))
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if (!def_passprompt_override && (std_prompt ||
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strncmp(pm->msg, "Password:", 9) || (pm->msg[9] != '\0'
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&& (pm->msg[9] != ' ' || pm->msg[10] != '\0'))))
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/* Read the password unless interrupted. */
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pass = auth_getpass(prompt, def_passwd_timeout * 60, type);
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/* We got ^C instead of a password; abort quickly. */
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#if defined(__darwin__) || defined(__APPLE__)
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pr->resp = estrdup(pass);
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zero_bytes(pass, strlen(pass));
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(void) puts(pm->msg);
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(void) fputs(pm->msg, stderr);
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(void) fputc('\n', stderr);
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/* Zero and free allocated memory and return an error. */
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for (pr = *response, n = num_msg; n--; pr++) {
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if (pr->resp != NULL) {
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zero_bytes(pr->resp, strlen(pr->resp));
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zero_bytes(*response, num_msg * sizeof(struct pam_response));
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return gotintr ? PAM_AUTH_ERR : PAM_CONV_ERR;