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* Copyright (c) 2007 Petr Stepan
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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* @brief Exception handlers and exception initialization routines.
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#include <arch/exception.h>
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#include <arch/memstr.h>
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#include <arch/regutils.h>
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#include <interrupt.h>
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#include <arch/mm/page_fault.h>
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#include <arch/barrier.h>
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#include <syscall/syscall.h>
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#ifdef MACHINE_testarm
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#include <arch/mach/testarm/testarm.h>
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#ifdef MACHINE_integratorcp
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#include <arch/mach/integratorcp/integratorcp.h>
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/** Offset used in calculation of exception handler's relative address.
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* @see install_handler()
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#define PREFETCH_OFFSET 0x8
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/** LDR instruction's code */
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#define LDR_OPCODE 0xe59ff000
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/** Number of exception vectors. */
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/** Size of memory block occupied by exception vectors. */
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#define EXC_VECTORS_SIZE (EXC_VECTORS * 4)
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/** Updates specified exception vector to jump to given handler.
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* Addresses of handlers are stored in memory following exception vectors.
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static void install_handler(unsigned handler_addr, unsigned *vector)
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/* relative address (related to exc. vector) of the word
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* where handler's address is stored
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volatile uint32_t handler_address_ptr = EXC_VECTORS_SIZE -
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/* make it LDR instruction and store at exception vector */
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*vector = handler_address_ptr | LDR_OPCODE;
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smc_coherence(*vector);
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/* store handler's address */
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*(vector + EXC_VECTORS) = handler_addr;
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/** Software Interrupt handler.
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* Dispatches the syscall.
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static void swi_exception(int exc_no, istate_t *istate)
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istate->r0 = syscall_handler(istate->r0, istate->r1, istate->r2,
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istate->r3, istate->r4, istate->r5, istate->r6);
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/** Fills exception vectors with appropriate exception handlers. */
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void install_exception_handlers(void)
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install_handler((unsigned) reset_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_RESET_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) undef_instr_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_UNDEF_INSTR_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) swi_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_SWI_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) prefetch_abort_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_PREFETCH_ABORT_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) data_abort_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_DATA_ABORT_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) irq_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_IRQ_VEC);
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install_handler((unsigned) fiq_exception_entry,
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(unsigned *) EXC_FIQ_VEC);
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#ifdef HIGH_EXCEPTION_VECTORS
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/** Activates use of high exception vectors addresses. */
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static void high_vectors(void)
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uint32_t control_reg;
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"mrc p15, 0, %[control_reg], c1, c1"
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: [control_reg] "=r" (control_reg)
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/* switch on the high vectors bit */
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control_reg |= CP15_R1_HIGH_VECTORS_BIT;
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"mcr p15, 0, %[control_reg], c1, c1"
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:: [control_reg] "r" (control_reg)
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/** Interrupt Exception handler.
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* Determines the sources of interrupt and calls their handlers.
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static void irq_exception(int exc_no, istate_t *istate)
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machine_irq_exception(exc_no, istate);
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/** Initializes exception handling.
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* Installs low-level exception handlers and then registers
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* exceptions and their handlers to kernel exception dispatcher.
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void exception_init(void)
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#ifdef HIGH_EXCEPTION_VECTORS
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install_exception_handlers();
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exc_register(EXC_IRQ, "interrupt", (iroutine) irq_exception);
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exc_register(EXC_PREFETCH_ABORT, "prefetch abort",
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(iroutine) prefetch_abort);
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exc_register(EXC_DATA_ABORT, "data abort", (iroutine) data_abort);
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exc_register(EXC_SWI, "software interrupt", (iroutine) swi_exception);
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/** Prints #istate_t structure content.
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* @param istate Structure to be printed.
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void print_istate(istate_t *istate)
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printf("istate dump:\n");
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printf(" r0: %x r1: %x r2: %x r3: %x\n",
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istate->r0, istate->r1, istate->r2, istate->r3);
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printf(" r4: %x r5: %x r6: %x r7: %x\n",
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istate->r4, istate->r5, istate->r6, istate->r7);
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printf(" r8: %x r8: %x r10: %x r11: %x\n",
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istate->r8, istate->r9, istate->r10, istate->r11);
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printf(" r12: %x sp: %x lr: %x spsr: %x\n",
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istate->r12, istate->sp, istate->lr, istate->spsr);
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printf(" pc: %x\n", istate->pc);