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% Copyright (C) 1994, 2000 Aladdin Enterprises. All rights reserved.
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% This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
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% This software is distributed under license and may not be copied,
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% modified or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms
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% of the license contained in the file LICENSE in this distribution.
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% For more information about licensing, please refer to
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% http://www.ghostscript.com/licensing/. For information on
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% commercial licensing, go to http://www.artifex.com/licensing/ or
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% contact Artifex Software, Inc., 101 Lucas Valley Road #110,
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% San Rafael, CA 94903, U.S.A., +1(415)492-9861.
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% $Id: gs_setpd.ps 9350 2009-01-13 18:38:37Z ray $
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% The current implementation of setpagedevice has the following limitations:
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% - It doesn't attempt to "interact with the user" for Policy = 2.
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languagelevel 1 .setlanguagelevel
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% ---------------- Redefinitions ---------------- %
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% Redefine .beginpage and .endpage so that they call BeginPage and
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% EndPage respectively if appropriate.
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% We have to guard against the BeginPage procedure not popping its operand.
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% This is really stupid, but the Genoa CET does it.
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/.beginpage { % - .beginpage -
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.currentshowpagecount {
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.currentpagedevice pop
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dup //null ne { /BeginPage .knownget } { pop //false } ifelse {
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% Stack: ... pagecount proc
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% Stack: ... ..???.. oldcount
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count 1 add exch sub { pop } repeat
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% Guard similarly against EndPage not popping its operand.
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/.endpage { % <reason> .endpage <print_bool>
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.currentshowpagecount {
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1 index .currentpagedevice pop
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dup //null ne { /EndPage .knownget } { pop //false } ifelse {
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% Stack: ... reason pagecount reason proc
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% Stack: ... ..???.. print oldcount
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count 2 add exch sub { exch pop } repeat
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% Define interpreter callouts for handling gstate-saving operators,
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% to make sure that they create a page device dictionary for use by
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% the corresponding gstate-restoring operator.
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% We'd really like to avoid the cost of doing this, but we don't see how.
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% The names %gsavepagedevice, %savepagedevice, %gstatepagedevice,
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% %copygstatepagedevice, and %currentgstatepagedevice are known to the
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(%gsavepagedevice) cvn
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{ currentpagedevice pop gsave
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{ currentpagedevice pop save
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(%gstatepagedevice) cvn
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{ currentpagedevice pop gstate
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(%copygstatepagedevice) cvn
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{ currentpagedevice pop copy
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(%currentgstatepagedevice) cvn
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{ currentpagedevice pop currentgstate
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% Define interpreter callouts for handling gstate-restoring operators
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% when the current page device needs to be changed.
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% The names %grestorepagedevice, %grestoreallpagedevice,
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% %restorepagedevice, %restore1pagedevice, and %setgstatepagedevice
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% are known to the interpreter.
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{ % Since setpagedevice doesn't create new device objects,
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% we must (carefully) reinstall the old parameters in
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.currentpagedevice pop //null currentdevice //null .trysetparams
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dup type /booleantype eq
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{ % This should never happen!
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SETPDDEBUG { (Error in .trysetparams!) = pstack flush } if
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cleartomark pop pop pop
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/.installpagedevice cvx /rangecheck signalerror
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% A careful reading of the Red Book reveals that an erasepage
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% should occur, but *not* an initgraphics.
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/.uninstallpagedevice
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{ 2 .endpage { .currentnumcopies //false .outputpage } if
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(%grestorepagedevice) cvn
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{ .uninstallpagedevice grestore .installpagedevice
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(%grestoreallpagedevice) cvn
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{ .uninstallpagedevice grestore .installpagedevice grestoreall
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(%restore1pagedevice) cvn
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{ .uninstallpagedevice grestore .installpagedevice restore
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(%restorepagedevice) cvn
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{ .uninstallpagedevice restore .installpagedevice
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(%setgstatepagedevice) cvn
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{ .uninstallpagedevice setgstate .installpagedevice
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% Redefine .currentnumcopies so it consults the NumCopies device parameter.
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.dicttomark readonly def
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{ currentdevice //.numcopiesdict .getdeviceparams
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dup type /integertype eq
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{ exch pop exch pop }
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{ cleartomark #copies }
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% Redefine .currentpagedevice and .setpagedevice so they convert between
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% null and a fixed empty directionary.
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/.nullpagedevice 0 dict readonly def
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/.currentpagedevice {
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//.currentpagedevice exch dup //null eq { pop //.nullpagedevice } if exch
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dup //.nullpagedevice eq { pop //null } if //.setpagedevice
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% ---------------- Auxiliary definitions ---------------- %
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% Define the required attributes of all page devices, and their default values.
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% We don't include attributes such as .MediaSize, which all devices
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% are guaranteed to supply on their own.
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/.defaultpolicies mark
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% M. Sweet, Easy Software Products
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% Due to the fact that it is not possible to properly implement
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% the selection policies from a Ghostscript driver, we have changed
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% the default policy to "7" (impose) to avoid numerous problems with
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% printing within CUPS...
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dup /.LockSafetyParams known {
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% Only possible error is invalidaccess
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/setpagedevice .systemvar /invalidaccess signalerror
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.dicttomark readonly def
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% Note that the values of .requiredattrs are executed, not just fetched.
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/PageDeviceName //null
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/PageOffset [0 0] readonly
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% We populate InputAttributes with all of the known page sizes
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% followed by a dummy media type that handles pages of any size.
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% This will create some duplicates, but that only slightly slows
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% down the media selection (loop is in zmedia2.c).
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% Some PostScript creators assume that slot 0 is the default media
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% size and some can't handle a non-standard 4-element array which
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% is a 'range' type page size (always put last).
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% Real Devices that can only handle specific page sizes will override this.
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% First put the device's default page size in slot 0
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% This satifies those that have devices built with a4 as the default
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0 mark /PageSize currentdevice /PageSize gsgetdeviceprop .dicttomark
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statusdict /.pagetypenames get {
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counttomark 1 sub 2 idiv exch mark exch /PageSize exch
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% stack: mark --dict-- --dict-- ... key mark /PageSize pagetypename
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% see note above about pagetype executable array contents.
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load dup 0 get exch 1 get 2 array astore .dicttomark
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% If NORANGEPAGESIZE is defined, (-dNORANGEPAGESIZE), then don't add
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% the 'match any' PageSize entry
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systemdict /NORANGEPAGESIZE known not {
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% Add one last entry which is the 4 element range array (non-standard)
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% PageSize with either dimension 0 will be detected in
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% match_page_size, so we can allow it here
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mark /PageSize [0 dup 16#7ffff dup] .dicttomark
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mark 0 mark .dicttomark readonly .dicttomark
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(%MediaDestination) 0
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/Install {{.callinstall}} bind
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/BeginPage {{.callbeginpage}} bind
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/EndPage {{.callendpage}} bind
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/Policies .defaultpolicies
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/ImagingBBox //null % default value
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/UseCIEColor /.getuseciecolor load
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.dicttomark readonly def
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% Define currentpagedevice so it creates the dictionary on demand if needed,
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% adding all the required entries defined just above.
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% We have to deal specially with entries that the driver may change
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/.MediaSize dup % because it changes when PageSize is set
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.dicttomark readonly def
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/.makecurrentpagedevice { % - .makecurrentpagedevice <dict>
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currentdevice //null .getdeviceparams
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% Make the dictionary large enough to add defaulted entries.
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counttomark 2 idiv .requiredattrs length add dict
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counttomark 2 idiv { dup 4 2 roll put } repeat exch pop
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% Add any missing required attributes.
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% Make a writable and (if possible) local copy of any default
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% dictionaries, to work around a bug in the output of WordPerfect,
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% which assumes that these dictionaries are writable and local.
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.currentglobal exch dup gcheck .setglobal
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2 index 2 index known {
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1 index /Policies eq {
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% Merge policies from the device driver with defaults
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2 index % <<>> /key value <<>>
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3 2 roll get % <<>> value <<policies>>
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2 index 2 index known {
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exec 2 index 3 1 roll put
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} forall exch .setglobal
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pop .makecurrentpagedevice
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% If any of the dynamic keys have changed,
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% we must update the page device dictionary.
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currentdevice //.dynamicppkeys .getdeviceparams .dicttomark {
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% Stack: current key value
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2 index 2 index .knownget { 1 index ne } { //true } ifelse
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{ % This is the first entry being updated.
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% Copy the dictionary to make it writable.
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currentglobal 1 index dup gcheck currentglobal and setglobal
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% If the device is the distiller device, update distillerparams that
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% may have been changed by setdistillerparams
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currentdevice .devicename /pdfwrite eq {
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currentdistillerparams {
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% Stack: current key value
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2 index 2 index .knownget { 1 index ne } { //true } ifelse
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{ 2 index 3 1 roll put } { pop pop } ifelse
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% If the dictionary was global and is now local, copy
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% any global subsidiary dictionaries to local VM. This
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% too is to work around the Word Perfect bug (see above).
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dup type /dicttype eq { dup gcheck } { //false } ifelse {
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% Copy-on-write, see above.
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3 -1 roll dup length dict .copydict
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.copytree 2 index 3 1 roll put
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% We would like to do a .setpagedevice so we don't keep
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% re-creating the dictionary. Unfortunately, the effect
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% of this is that if any dynamic key changes (PageCount
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% in particular), we will do the equivalent of a
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% setpagedevice at the next restore or grestore.
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% Therefore, we make the dictionary read-only, but
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% we don't store it away. I.e., NOT:
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% dup wcheck { .setpagedevice .currentpagedevice pop } if
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% Copy a dictionary recursively.
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/.copytree { % <dict> .copytree <dict'>
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dup length dict exch {
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dup type /dicttype eq { .copytree } if 2 index 3 1 roll put
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% The implementation of setpagedevice is quite complex. Currently,
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% everything but the media matching algorithm is implemented here.
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% By default, we only present the requested changes to the device,
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% but there are some parameters that require special merging action.
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% Define those parameters here, with the procedures that do the merging.
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% The procedures are called as follows:
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% <merged> <key> <new_value> -proc- <merged> <key> <new_value'>
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{ 3 copy pop .knownget
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{ pop dup length dict }
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{ dup length 2 index length add dict .copydict }
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ifelse .copydict readonly
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/OutputAttributes 1 index
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{ 3 copy pop .knownget
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{ dup length 2 index length add dict .copydict }
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.dicttomark readonly def
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% M. Sweet, Easy Software Products:
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% Define NOMEDIAATTRS to turn off the default (but unimplementable) media
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% selection policies for setpagedevice. This is used by CUPS to support
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% the standard Adobe media attributes.
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% Define only PageSize for input attribute matching.
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% Define no other keys used in media selection.
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/.inputselectionkeys [
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/noInputSelectionsKeys
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% Define no keys used in output attribute matching.
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% Define the keys used in input attribute matching.
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/PageSize /MediaColor /MediaWeight /MediaType /InsertSheet /ManualFeed
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% The following are documented in Adobe's supplement for v2017.
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/LeadingEdge /MediaClass
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% Define other keys used in media selection.
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/.inputselectionkeys [
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/MediaPosition /Orientation
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% Define the keys used in output attribute matching.
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% Define all the parameters that should always be copied to the merged
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.mergespecial { pop } forall
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.inputattrkeys aload pop
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.inputselectionkeys aload pop
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.outputattrkeys aload pop
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% Define the parameters that should not be presented to the device.
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% The procedures are called as follows:
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% <merged> <key> <value> -proc-
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% The procedure leaves all its operands on the stack and returns
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% true iff the key/value pair should be presented to .putdeviceparams.
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/.presentspecial mark
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{ pop dup /LeadingEdge ne { //false } { pop } ifelse }
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% We must ignore an explicit request for .MediaSize,
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% because media matching always handles this.
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/OutputDevice //false
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/PageDeviceName //false
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/PageSize //false % obsolete alias for .MediaSize
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/InputAttributes //false
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{ dup dup /PageSize eq exch /LeadingEdge eq or
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{ { 2 index /InputAttributes .knownget { //null eq } { //true } ifelse } }
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.inputselectionkeys { //false } forall
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/OutputAttributes //false
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{ { 2 index /OutputAttributes .knownget { //null eq } { //true } ifelse } }
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{ % HACK: don't transmit the color map, because
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% window systems can change the color map on their own
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% incrementally. Someday we'll have a better
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% solution for this....
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/ViewerPreProcess //false
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/ImagingBBox //false % This prevents the ImagingBBox value in the setpagedevice
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% from affecting the device's ImagingBBox parameter, but
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% does retain a 'shadow' copy at the PostScript level.
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% This is done for Adobe compatibility since Adobe does
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% render marks outside the ImagingBBox (and QuarkXpress
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.dicttomark readonly def
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% Define access to device defaults.
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/.defaultdeviceparams
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{ finddevice //null .getdeviceparams
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% Select media (input or output). The hard work is done in an operator:
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% <pagedict> <attrdict> <policydict> <keys> .matchmedia <key> true
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% <pagedict> <attrdict> <policydict> <keys> .matchmedia false
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% <pagedict> null <policydict> <keys> .matchmedia null true
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/.selectmedia % <orig> <request> <merged> <failed> <-- retained
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% <attrdict> <policydict> <attrkeys> <mediakey>
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{ 5 index 5 -2 roll 4 index .matchmedia
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% Stack: orig request merged failed attrkeys mediakey
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{ 4 index 3 1 roll put pop
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{ % Adobe's implementations have a "big hairy heuristic"
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% to choose the set of keys to report as having failed the match.
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% For the moment, we report any keys that are in the request
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% and don't have the same value as in the original dictionary.
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5 index 1 index .knownget
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{ 4 index 3 1 roll put }
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{ 3 index exch .undef }
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{ % Stack: <orig> <request> <merged> <failed> <attrkey>
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3 index 1 index .knownget
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{ 5 index 2 index .knownget { ne } { pop //true } ifelse }
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ifelse % Stack: ... <failed> <attrkey> <report>
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{ 2 copy /rangecheck put }
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% Apply Policies to any unprocessed failed requests.
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% As we process each request entry, we replace the error name
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% in the <failed> dictionary with the policy value,
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% and we replace the key in the <merged> dictionary with its prior value
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% (or remove it if it had no prior value).
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% These procedures are called with the following on the stack:
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% <orig> <merged> <failed> <Policies> <key> <policy>
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% They are expected to consume the top 2 operands.
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% NOTE: we currently treat all values other than 0, 1, or 7 (for PageSize)
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% the same as 0, i.e., we signal an error.
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% M. Sweet, Easy Software Products:
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% Define NOMEDIAATTRS to turn off the default (but unimplementable) media
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% selection policies for setpagedevice. This is used by CUPS to support
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% the standard Adobe media attributes.
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0 { % Set errorinfo and signal a configurationerror.
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% NOMEDIAATTRS means that the default policy is 7...
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pop 2 index exch 7 put
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pop dup 4 index exch get 2 array astore
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$error /errorinfo 3 -1 roll put
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/setpagedevice .systemvar /configurationerror signalerror
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1 { % Roll back the failed request to its previous status.
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SETPDDEBUG { (Rolling back.) = pstack flush } if
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3 index 2 index 3 -1 roll .forceput
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4 index 1 index .knownget
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{ 4 index 3 1 roll .forceput }
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{ 3 index exch .undef }
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7 { % For PageSize only, just impose the request.
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{ pop pop 1 index /PageSize 7 put }
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{ .policyprocs 0 get exec }
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.dicttomark readonly def
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/.applypolicies % <orig> <merged> <failed> .applypolicies
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% <orig> <merged'> <failed'>
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{ 1 index /Policies get 1 index
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{ type /integertype eq
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{ pop % already processed
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{ 2 copy .knownget not { 1 index /PolicyNotFound get } if
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% Stack: <orig> <merged> <failed> <Policies> <key>
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.policyprocs 1 index .knownget not { .policyprocs 0 get } if exec
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% Prepare to present parameters to the device, by spreading them onto the
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% operand stack and removing any that shouldn't be presented.
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/.prepareparams % <params> .prepareparams -mark- <key1> <value1> ...
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{ % Stack: -mark- key1 value1 ... merged key value
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.presentspecial 2 index .knownget
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{ exec { 3 -1 roll } { pop pop } ifelse }
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% Put device parameters without resetting currentpagedevice.
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% (.putdeviceparams clears the current page device.)
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/.putdeviceparamsonly % <device> <Policies|null> <require_all> -mark-
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% <key1> <value1> ... .putdeviceparamsonly
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% On success: <device> <eraseflag>
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% On failure: <device> <Policies|null> <req_all> -mark-
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% <key1> <error1> ...
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{ counttomark 4 add 1 roll .putdeviceparams
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dup type /booleantype eq { 3 } { counttomark 5 add } ifelse -1 roll
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{ pop .putdeviceparams
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% Try setting the device parameters from the merged request.
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/.trysetparams % <merged> <(ignored)> <device> <Policies>
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{ //true 4 index .prepareparams
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% Add the computed .MediaSize.
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% Stack: merged (ignored) device Policies -true-
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% -mark- key1 value1 ...
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counttomark 5 add index .computemediasize
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exch pop exch pop /.MediaSize exch
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SETPDDEBUG { (Putting.) = pstack flush } if
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SETPDDEBUG { (Result of putting.) = pstack flush } if
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% Compute the media size and initial matrix from a merged request (after
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/.computemediasize % <request> .computemediasize
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% <request> <matrix> <[width height]>
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{ dup /PageSize get % requested page size
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1 index /InputAttributes get
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2 index (%MediaSource) get get /PageSize get % media size
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2 index /Policies get
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dup /PageSize .knownget
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{ exch pop } { /PolicyNotFound get } ifelse % PageSize policy,
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3 index /Orientation .knownget not { //null } if
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4 index /RollFedMedia .knownget not { //false } if
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matrix .matchpagesize not {
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% This is a "can't happen" condition!
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/setpagedevice .systemvar /rangecheck signalerror
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% ---------------- setpagedevice itself ---------------- %
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{ % We mustn't pop the argument until the very end,
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% so that the pseudo-operator machinery can restore the stack
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% if an error occurs.
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mark 1 index currentpagedevice
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% Check whether we are changing OutputDevice;
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% also handle the case where the current device
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% is not a page device.
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% Stack: mark <request> <current>
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SETPDDEBUG { (Checking.) = pstack flush } if
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dup /OutputDevice .knownget
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{ % Current device is a page device.
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2 index /OutputDevice .knownget
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{ % A specific OutputDevice was requested.
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{ % Current device is not a page device.
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% Use the default device.
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1 index /OutputDevice .knownget not { .defaultdevicename } if
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{ exch pop .defaultdeviceparams
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% In case of duplicate keys, .dicttomark takes the entry
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% lower on the stack, so we can just append the defaults here.
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.requiredattrs { exec } forall .dicttomark
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% Check whether a viewer wants to intervene.
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% We must check both the request (which takes precedence)
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% and the current dictionary.
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% Stack: mark <request> <orig>
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exch dup /ViewerPreProcess .knownget
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{ 1 index /ViewerPreProcess .knownget { exec } if }
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% Construct a merged request from the actual request plus
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% any keys that should always be propagated.
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% Stack: mark <request> <orig>
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SETPDDEBUG { (Merging.) = pstack flush } if
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exch 1 index length 1 index length add dict
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{ % Stack: <orig> <request> <merged> <key>
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3 index 1 index .knownget { 3 copy put pop } if pop
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% Stack: <orig> <request> <merged>
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{ % stack: <orig> <request> <merged> <merged> <rkey> <rvalue>
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.mergespecial 2 index .knownget { exec } if
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% Hack: if FIXEDRESOLUTION is true, discard any attempt to
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% change HWResolution.
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FIXEDRESOLUTION { dup /HWResolution .undef } if
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% Hack: if FIXEDMEDIA is true, discard any attempt to change
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% PageSize or HWSize.
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{ dup /PageSize 4 index /PageSize get put
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dup /HWSize 4 index /HWSize get put
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% Hack: to work around some files that take a PageSize
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% from InputAttributes and impose it, discard any attempt
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% to set PageSize to a 4-element value.
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% Stack: mark <orig> <request> <merged>
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dup /PageSize .knownget {
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dup /PageSize 4 index /PageSize get put
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% Select input and output media.
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% Stack: mark <orig> <request> <merged>
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SETPDDEBUG { (Selecting.) = pstack flush } if
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1 index /InputAttributes .knownget
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{ 2 index /Policies get
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.inputattrkeys (%MediaSource) cvn .selectmedia
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1 index /OutputAttributes .knownget
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{ 2 index /Policies get
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.outputattrkeys (%MediaDestination) cvn .selectmedia
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3 -1 roll 4 1 roll % temporarily swap orig & request
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3 -1 roll 4 1 roll % swap back
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% Construct the new device, and attempt to set its attributes.
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% Stack: mark <orig> <request> <merged> <failed>
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SETPDDEBUG { (Constructing.) = pstack flush } if
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currentdevice .devicename 2 index /OutputDevice get eq
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{ 1 index /OutputDevice get finddevice }
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%**************** We should copy the device here,
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%**************** but since we can't close the old device,
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%**************** we don't. This is WRONG.
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%****************copydevice
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2 index /Policies get
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dup type /booleantype ne
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{ % The request failed.
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% Stack: ... <orig> <request> <merged> <failed> <device>
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% <Policies> true mark <name> <errorname> ...
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SETPDDEBUG { (Recovering.) = pstack flush } if
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counttomark 4 add index
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counttomark 2 idiv { dup 4 -2 roll put } repeat
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% Stack: mark ... <orig> <request> <merged> <failed> <device>
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6 2 roll 3 -1 roll 4 1 roll
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3 -1 roll 4 1 roll 6 -2 roll
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.trysetparams % shouldn't fail!
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dup type /booleantype ne
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{ 2 { counttomark 1 add 1 roll cleartomark } repeat
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/setpagedevice .systemvar exch signalerror
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% The attempt succeeded. Install the new device.
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% Stack: mark ... <merged> <failed> <device> <eraseflag>
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SETPDDEBUG { (Installing.) = pstack flush } if
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{ 1 //true .outputpage
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(>>setpagedevice, press <return> to continue<<\n) .confirm
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% .setdevice clears the current page device!
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.currentpagedevice pop exch
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% Implement UseCIEColor directly if this is a LL3 system.
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% The color substitution feature is now implemented in
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% the interpreter, and this is used as an optimization.
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% NB: This shoud be the only use of the .setuseciecolor
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% If UseCIEColor is transitioned to false, set some
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% color space other than /DeviceGray, to insure that
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% initgraphics will actually perform a setcolorspace
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% operation (there is an optimization in setcolorspace
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% that does nothing if the operand and current color
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% spaces are the same, and UseCIEColor is false).
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/.setuseciecolor where
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pop 1 index /UseCIEColor .knownget
824
dup .setuseciecolor not
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{ /DeviceRGB setcolorspace }
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% Merge the request into the current page device,
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% unless we're changing the OutputDevice.
834
% Stack: mark ... <merged> <failed>
835
exch currentpagedevice dup length 2 index length add dict
836
% Stack: mark ... <failed> <merged> <current> <newdict>
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2 index /OutputDevice .knownget {
838
2 index /OutputDevice .knownget not { //null } if eq
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% Same OutputDevice, merge the dictionaries.
845
% Different OutputDevice, discard the old dictionary.
848
% Initialize the default matrix, taking media matching
850
.computemediasize pop initmatrix concat
851
dup /PageOffset .knownget
852
{ % Translate by the given number of 1/72" units in device X/Y.
854
2 index /HWResolution get dup 1 get exch 0 get
855
4 -1 roll mul 72 div 3 1 roll mul 72 div
856
idtransform translate
859
% We must install the new page device dictionary
860
% before calling the Install procedure.
862
.setdefaulthalftone % Set the default screen before calling Install.
863
dup /Install .knownget {
864
{ .execinstall } stopped {
865
pop % Install procedure failed. One element will have been left on the stack.
866
% stack: mark <orig> <request> <failed> <merged>
867
1 index /Install $error /errorname get put % Put it in the "failed" dict
868
% .applypolicies needs stack: <orig> <merged> <failed>
869
exch 4 2 roll exch 4 2 roll .applypolicies exch 4 2 roll exch 4 2 roll
870
% Now execute the old Install -- failures after this are not handled
871
dup /Install .knownget { { .execinstall } stopped { pop } if } if
881
% We break out the code after calling the Install procedure into a
882
% separate procedure, since it is executed even if Install causes an error.
883
% By making .execinstall a separate operator procedure, we get the stacks
884
% mostly restored if it fails, except for one element (the operand).
885
% Thus if it fails, there will be one element left on the op stack.
887
/.execinstall { % <proc> .execinstall -
888
dup % element left on the stack if the exec fails.
890
% Because the interpreter optimizes tail calls, we can't just let
891
% the body of this procedure be 'exec', because that would lose
892
% the stack protection that is the whole reason for having the
893
% procedure in the first place. The 'pop' for the dummy element
894
% on the op stack suffices.
899
/.postinstall { % mark ... <failed> <merged> .postinstall -
900
matrix currentmatrix .setdefaultmatrix
901
% Erase and initialize the page.
903
currentoverprint //false setoverprint 1 setcolor
905
0 setcolor setoverprint
908
% Clean up, calling PolicyReport if needed.
909
% Stack: mark ... <failed> <merged>
910
SETPDDEBUG { (Finishing.) = pstack flush } if
913
{ 1 index /Policies get /PolicyReport get
914
counttomark 1 add 2 roll cleartomark
added
removed
Resource/Init/gs_setpd.ps
