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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
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<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
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<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide">
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<!ENTITY gnome "<phrase>GNOME</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu "<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY kde "<acronym>KDE</acronym>">
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<!ENTITY kde-full "<phrase>K Desktop Environment</phrase>">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Lucid Lynx">
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<!ENTITY distro-rev "10.04">
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<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2010">
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<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "lucid">
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<!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Kubuntu 10.04_Lucid_Lynx">
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<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.32">
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<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.4.3">
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<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.11.1">
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<!ENTITY python-version "2.6.4">
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<!ENTITY kde-version "4.4.2">
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<!-- <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM '../common/C/glossary.xml' > --><!-- Footer Text for Kubuntu documentation --><!ENTITY footer-doc-comment "Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?">
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<!ENTITY footer-doc-feedback "Send feedback to the ">
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<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../../../common/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
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<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
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<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
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<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
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<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
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<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
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<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
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<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
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<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
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<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
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<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
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<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
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<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
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<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
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<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
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<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnome-www "http://www.gnome.org/">
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<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
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<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
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<!ENTITY kde-www "http://www.kde.org/">
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<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
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<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
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<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
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<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
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<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
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<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
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<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
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<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
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<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
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<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
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<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
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<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
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<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
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<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
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<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
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<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
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<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
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<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
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<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
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<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
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<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
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<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
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<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
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<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
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<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
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<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
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<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
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<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
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<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
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<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
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<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
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<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
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<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
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<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
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<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
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<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
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<!ENTITY Breton "br">
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<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
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<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
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<!ENTITY Danish "da">
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<!ENTITY German "de">
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<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
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<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
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<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
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<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
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<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
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<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
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<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
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<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
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<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
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<!ENTITY French "fr">
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<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
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<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
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<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
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<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
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<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
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<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
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<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
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<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
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<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
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<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
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<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
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<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
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<!ENTITY Italian "it">
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<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
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<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
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<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
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<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
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<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
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<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
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<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
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<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
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<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
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<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
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<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
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<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
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<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
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<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
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<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
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<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
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<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
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<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
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<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
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<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
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<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
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<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
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<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
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<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
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<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
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<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
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<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
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<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
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<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
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<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
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<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
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<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
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<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
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<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
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<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
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<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
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<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
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<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
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<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
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<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
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<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
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<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
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<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
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<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
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<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
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<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
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<!ENTITY Somali "so">
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<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
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<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
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<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
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<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
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<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
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<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
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<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
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<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
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<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
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<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
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<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
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<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
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<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
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<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
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<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
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<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
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<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
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<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
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<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-general-insert-case:lower
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vim: tabstop=2:shiftwidth=2:expandtab:indentexpr=:tw=80:
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kate: space-indent on; indent-width 2; tab-width 2; indent-mode none;
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--><!ENTITY % kde-menus-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/kde-menus-C.ent">
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<!-- Application Launcher Screenshots before Keyboard Shortcuts section --><!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS AT THE VERY END --><!-- KDE MENU Entries Organized as the the show up in the Application Launcher (kickoff) --><!-- APLICATION LAUNCHER MENUS
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This will help us shorten the amount of typing we have to do for adding new
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menu items. It is pretty straight forward.
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--><!-- Common Stuff --><!ENTITY mal "<guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu>">
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<!ENTITY malapp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malfav "&mal;<guisubmenu>Favorites</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malcmp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maluse "&mal;<guisubmenu>Recently Used</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY mallve "&mal;<guisubmenu>Leave</guisubmenu>">
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<!-- Applications Submenus --><!ENTITY maldev "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maledu "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Education</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malgms "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malgrp "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malnet "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malmmd "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maloff "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malset "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Settings</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malsys "&malapp;<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malutl "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>">
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<!-- COMPUTER --><!ENTITY menusysset "<menuchoice>&malcmp;<guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- APPLICATIONS --><!ENTITY menuhelp "<menuchoice>&malapp;<guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Development --><!ENTITY menueclipse "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Eclipse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugambas "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukdevelop "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menumonodev "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menumonodoc "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuqt4designer "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Qt4 Designer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudevhelp "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Education --><!-- Games --><!--Graphics --><!ENTITY menudigikam "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Photo Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugimp "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugwenview "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuinkscape "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Inkscape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukooka "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scan & OCR Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukpdf "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>PDF Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrita "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Painting and Image Editing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuksnap "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Screen Capture Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuscribus "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoodraw "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Drawing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublender "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Blender</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Internet --><!ENTITY menubluechat "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublueobex "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth OBEX Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuff "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuffinstall "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Kubuntu Firefox Installer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukmail "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Mail Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuknetmgr "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Network Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonqi "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonv "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukopete "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Instant Messager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukppp "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Internet Dial-Up Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrdc "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Remote Desktop Connection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrfb "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Desktop Sharing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuktorrent "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>BitTorrent Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuakregator "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Akregator - RSS Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuquassel "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client (Quassel IRC)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Multimedia --><!ENTITY menuk3b "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>CD & DVD Burning (K3b)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuamarok "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Music Player (Amarok)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudragon "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Video Player (Dragon)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukino "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Kino</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuaudacity "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Office --><!ENTITY menukontact "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Personal Information Manager (Kontact)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuooimpress "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoocalc "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoowriter "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukmymoney "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>KMyMoney2</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Science & Math --><!-- Settings --><!-- System --><!ENTITY menuadept "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Adept)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menucomputerjanitor "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Computer Janitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudolphin "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>File Manager (Dolphin)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukpackagekit "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Software Management (KPackageKit)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonsole "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Terminal (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menupartman "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuqtparted "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Partition Manager (QtParted)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuar "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Add/Remove)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menujockey "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Hardware Deivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukuser "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>User Manager (KUser)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuhardwaredrivers "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Hardware Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuusbcreator "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Startup Disk Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Utilities --><!ENTITY menukaramba "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>SuperKaramba</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukate "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>Advanced Text Editor (Kate)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
364
<!ENTITY menukeep "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>Keep</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Lost & Found --><!-- Application Launcher - Leave --><!ENTITY menulogout "<menuchoice>&mallve;<guimenuitem>Logout (End Session)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
366
<!ENTITY menulock "<menuchoice>&mallve;<guimenuitem>Lock (Lock the screen)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
367
<!-- APPLICATION LAUNCHER IMAGES --><!-- Applications --><!ENTITY a_l_apps '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications</title>
368
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_applications.png" format="PNG" />
369
</imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Development --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_dev '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development</title>
371
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_development.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
372
<!-- Applications - Graphics --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_graphics '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_graphics.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Internet --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_internet '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet</title>
375
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_internet.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Multimedia --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_multi '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_multimedia.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Office --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_office '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_office.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Settings --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_settings '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_settings.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - System --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_system '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_system.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Applications - Utilities --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_utils '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_utilities.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Computer --><!ENTITY a_l_computer '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_computer.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Favorites --><!ENTITY a_l_favs '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_favorites.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<!-- Leave --><!ENTITY a_l_leave '<example><title>Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_leave.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_recently_used.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
394
<!-- END APPLICATION LAUNCHER IMAGES --><!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS --><!ENTITY ctrlaltf1 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>">
395
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf2 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>">
396
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf3 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F3</keycap></keycombo>">
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<!ENTITY ctrlaltf4 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</keycap></keycombo>">
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<!ENTITY ctrlaltf5 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>">
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<!ENTITY ctrlaltf6 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>">
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<!ENTITY ctrlaltbkspc "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo>">
402
<!ENTITY language "en">
404
<article id="hardware" lang="kubuntu-docs-hardware-ru">
406
<title>Оборудование</title>
409
<para>Этот документ описывает основы работы с оборудованием в системе Linux.</para>
413
<sect1 id="introduction">
414
<title>Введение</title>
416
<para>Компьютер состоит из числа устройств, которые все вместе известны как <emphasis>оборудование</emphasis>. <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> обычно настраивает оборудование автоматически, но могут быть случаи, когда необходимо вручную внести изменения в настройки оборудования. Этот раздел содержит информацию об инструментах для настройки оборудования.</para>
419
<!-- PROPRIETARY DRIVERS -->
420
<sect1 id="proprietary">
421
<title>Проприетарные устройства</title>
422
<para>Некоторым устройствам могут потребоваться проприетарные драйвера для того, чтобы они могли работать должным образом. Чаще всего, эти устройства используются для видео и беспроводных сетей.</para>
424
<emphasis>A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application
425
that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and
426
controlled by the company selling the hardware.</emphasis>
429
Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly
430
in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>. The devices are likely to have <emphasis>free</emphasis>
431
drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or
432
incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed.
435
Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware
436
manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it
437
possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has
438
not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or
442
If an appropriate <emphasis>proprietary driver</emphasis> is available for a
443
certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function
444
properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers
445
for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects.
448
Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either
449
because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because
450
proprietary drivers are not yet available.
454
Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so
455
cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem.
458
<sect2 id="proprietary-jockey">
459
<title>Управление проприетарными драйверами</title>
461
<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that
462
maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as
463
<application>Jockey</application> and in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> is named
464
<application>jockey-kde</application>>. It can be opened by going to
465
<menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Hardware Deivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
467
<procedure><title>Чтобы использовать проприетарный драйвер для устройства:</title>
469
<para>Откройте <application>Jockey</application> перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Hardware Deivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
473
Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description.
477
<para><mousebutton>Нажмите</mousebutton><guibutton>Активировать</guibutton> для включения драйвера. Потребуется ввести пароль.</para>
480
<para>Проприетарный драйвер будет загружен и установлен.</para>
483
<para>Возможно потребуется перезагрузка компьютера для завершения установки драйвера; установщик драйвера не всегда может предложить это сделать.</para>
486
<procedure><title>Отключение проприетарный драйвер:</title>
488
<para>Откройте <application>Jockey</application> перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Hardware Deivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
492
Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description.
496
<para><mousebutton>Нажмите</mousebutton><guibutton>Удалить</guibutton>, чтобы отключить драйвер и продолжить использовать свободный драйвер, если это возможно. Потребуется пароль.</para>
499
<para>Может потребоватся перезагрузка компьютера для завершения отключения драйвера.</para>
507
<title>Диски и разделы</title>
509
This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as
510
removable hard disks.
512
<indexterm zone="partitioning-device">
513
<primary>раздел</primary>
514
<secondary>разделы</secondary>
516
<indexterm zone="partitioning-device">
517
<primary>разбиение диска на разделы</primary>
519
<indexterm zone="partition-formatting">
520
<primary>форматирование</primary>
521
<secondary>форматирование</secondary>
523
<indexterm zone="mount-and-umount">
524
<primary>подключение</primary>
526
<indexterm zone="mount-and-umount">
527
<primary>отключение</primary>
528
<secondary>отключение</secondary>
530
<indexterm zone="what-is-filesystem">
531
<primary>файловая система</primary>
532
<secondary>файловая система</secondary>
534
<sect2 id="checking-usage">
535
<title>Проверить сколько доступно свободного места на диске.</title>
536
<para>Существует несколько способов, чтобы проверить, сколько дискового пространства доступно в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>.</para>
540
<link linkend="checking-usage-cli">Проверить через командную строку</link>
545
<link linkend="checking-usage-filemanager">Проверить через диспетчер файлов</link>
550
<link linkend="checking-usage-partitionmanager">Проверить через Partition Manager</link>
554
<sect3 id="checking-usage-cli">
555
<title>Проверить, сколько свободного места на диске с помощью командной строки</title>
558
<para>Откройте <application>Терминал</application>, перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff </guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Терминал (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
561
<para>В командной строке введите <userinput>df -h</userinput></para>
564
<para>Должен быть показан вывод , как приведенный ниже:</para>
566
Файловая система Разм. Исп. Исп Исп% смонтировано на
567
/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% /
568
/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot
569
/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home
572
The command <command>df</command> reports file system disk space usage. The
573
<userinput>-h</userinput> tells <command>df</command> to make the output human
577
<sect3 id="checking-usage-filemanager">
578
<title>Проверить, сколько свободного места на диске с помощью диспетчера файлов</title>
579
<note><title>Диспетчеры файлов</title>
580
<para>Следующее действие может быть выполнено, либо в <application>Dolphin</application>, либо в <application>Konqueror</application>. В этом примере будет показан <application>Dolphin</application>, т.к в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> он диспетчер файлов по умолчанию.</para>
584
<para>Откройте <application>Dolphin</application>, перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff </guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Диспетчер файлов (Dolphin)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
587
<para><mousebutton>Нажмите</mousebutton> на точку входа <guibutton>Корневая папка</guibutton>.</para>
590
<para>Чтобы узнать, сколько свободного места осталось в корневом разделе, для это <mousebutton>щелкните правой кнопкой мыши</mousebutton> в любой свободной области главного окна. Выберите <guimenuitem>Свойства</guimenuitem> из списка, который отобразится.</para>
591
<note><title>Избегайте выделение значка</title>
592
<para>Когда делаете щелчок правой кнопкой мыши в пустом пространстве, избегайте случайного выделения значка любой папки, потому что отобразится информация, относящаяся только к этой папке.</para>
594
<example><title>Доступное свободное место для корневого устройства</title>
597
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/checking-usage-filemanager.png" format="PNG"/>
604
<sect3 id="checking-usage-partitionmanager">
605
<title>Проверить, используя Partition Manager</title>
606
<para>По умолчанию в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>, приложение <application>Partition Manager</application> не установлено. Пожалуйста, <ulink url="apt:partitionmanager">установите <application>Partition Manager</application></ulink>, перейдя по следующей ссылки.</para>
609
<para>Откройте <application>Partition Manager</application>, перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Может потребоваться пароль.</para>
612
<para><mousebutton>Нажмите</mousebutton> на устройство в левой части главного окна программы в разделе <guilabel>Устройства</guilabel> .</para>
615
<para>Оставшееся пространство можно определить путем вычитания из столбца <guilabel>Размер</guilabel> столбец <guilabel>Использовано</guilabel>. Также можно получить информацию <mousebutton>щёлкнув правой клавишей мыши</mousebutton> на раздел и в списке выбрать <guimenuitem>Свойства</guimenuitem>.</para>
616
<example><title>Свободное пространство на диске с Partition Manager</title>
619
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/check-usage-partman.png" format="PNG"/>
627
<sect2 id="free-disk-space">
628
<title>Как увеличить свободное место на диске?</title>
629
<para>Есть несколько способов сделать больше свободного места на диске:</para>
632
<para>Очистите корзину. Откройте <application>Dolphin</application>, перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Диспетчер файлов (Dolphin)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. <mousebutton>Нажмите</mousebutton> слева <guibutton>Корзина</guibutton>, <mousebutton>щёлкните правой кнопкой мыши</mousebutton> в свободной области и выберите <guimenuitem>Очистить корзину</guimenuitem>.</para>
635
<para><ulink url="apt:computer-janitor-gtk">Установите Computer Janitor</ulink>. После установки, откройте <application>Computer Janitor</application>, перейдя <menuchoice><guimenu>Меню запуска приложений Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Приложения</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Система</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Computer Janitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. Выберите <guilabel>Пакеты</guilabel>, которые будут удалены. По завершению, <mousebutton>нажмите</mousebutton> кнопку <guibutton>Do selected tasks</guibutton>.</para>
636
<example><title>Освобождение дискового пространства, с помощью Computer Janitor</title>
639
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/free-disk-space-compjan.png" format="PNG"/>
645
<para>Удаление пакетов программ, которые больше не используются. См. <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/manage-software/">Управление программами</ulink> для информации об удалении пакетов.</para>
648
<para>Удалить файлы которые больше не нужны.</para>
650
<para>Будьте осторожны, не удалите нужные файлы!</para>
654
<para>Сжатия и архивирования старых, редко используемых документов:</para>
658
Select the files and folders to be compressed, <mousebutton>right
659
click</mousebutton> one of them and select
660
<menuchoice><guimenu>Compress</guimenu><guimenuitem>As ZIP/TAR
661
Archive</guimenuitem></menuchoice> or any of the other choices.
666
<sect2 id="partitioning-device">
667
<title>Разбиение диска на разделы</title>
669
<application>Partition Manager</application> can be used to partition storage
670
devices. <ulink url="apt:partitionmanager">Install the <application>Partition
671
Manager</application> package</ulink> first, as it is not installed by default
672
in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>. Once installed, open <application>Partition Manager</application>
673
by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
677
Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by
678
deleting or changing the wrong partition.
682
For more information on using <application>Partition Manager</application> to
683
resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review <ulink url="http://docs.kde.org/development/en/extragear-sysadmin/partitionmanager/index.html"/>.
686
<sect2 id="partition-formatting">
687
<title>Форматирование раздела</title>
689
<application>Partition Manager</application> can be used to format disk
690
partitions. Please review <ulink url="http://docs.kde.org/development/en/extragear-sysadmin/partitionmanager/index.html"/>.
693
<sect2 id="to-format-meaning">
694
<title>What is formatting?</title>
696
To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular
697
device to store data.
700
When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is
701
applied to that device; this format is the <quote>filesystem</quote>.
704
A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for
705
storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less
706
than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device
707
usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use
708
different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further
712
<sect2 id="what-is-filesystem">
713
<title>What is a filesystem</title>
715
A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage
716
device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system.
717
Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult.
720
There are different types of filesystem. The most common are:
724
<para>Обычно используются на операционной системе GNU/Linux файловые системы: ext2, ext3, и ext4. <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> использует файловую систему <emphasis>ext4</emphasis> по умолчанию.</para>
728
<acronym>FAT16</acronym> and <acronym>FAT32</acronym> are Microsoft Windows
729
filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the
730
<emphasis><acronym>FAT32</acronym></emphasis> format is a good choice.
735
<acronym>NTFS</acronym> is the filesystem type used by more modern
736
versions of Microsoft Windows.
740
<para>Файловая система <acronym>HFS+</acronym> используется на Mac OS X по умолчанию.</para>
744
<sect2 id="partition-meaning">
745
<title>What is a partition?</title>
747
A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a
748
hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage
749
devices (<quote>logical devices</quote>).
752
Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and
753
thus is treated as an independent disk.
756
Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons:
761
To retrieve free space
765
<para>Установка других операционных систем.</para>
769
To organize data better on the hard disk
774
<sect2 id="mount-and-umount">
775
<title>Подключение и отключение устройств</title>
777
When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be
778
<emphasis>mounted</emphasis> by the operating system so the files on the
779
device can be accessed.
782
When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the
783
device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can
784
all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the
785
device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some
786
or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be
787
<emphasis>unmounted</emphasis> before being disconnected.
789
<procedure><title>Подключение устройства</title>
792
Plug in the removable storage device.
797
A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner
798
of the screen. By <mousebutton>clicking</mousebutton> the device in the popup
799
menu, the device will be <emphasis>mounted</emphasis>. As soon as it is mounted,
800
either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains
801
a list of options for the device.
805
<procedure><title>Unmounting a device</title>
808
In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that
809
represents the Device Notifier. <mousebutton>Click</mousebutton> on the icon,
810
and a popup menu will appear.
815
Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon
816
on the right side. <mousebutton>Click</mousebutton> on the icon to
817
<emphasis>unmount</emphasis> the removable device.
826
<title>Laptops</title>
828
This section contains information for people using <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> on a laptop
831
<sect2 id="laptops-pm">
832
<title>Power management settings</title>
834
Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery
835
life and reduce energy waste.
840
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the power management icon which looks like a
841
battery in the system tray.
846
Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly.
851
Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go
852
blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery
853
life. In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>, the screensaver is set to blank as default.
858
Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
863
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Desktop</guibutton> icon.
868
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Screen Saver</guibutton> icon.
873
Select screen saver and then press <guibutton>Apply</guibutton>.
878
<sect2 id="laptops-touchpads">
879
<title>Touchpads</title>
881
Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse
882
pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most
883
basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way:
888
Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
893
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Keyboard and Mouse</guibutton>
899
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Touchpad</guibutton> icon.
904
Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect
910
<sect2 id="laptops-testing-reports">
911
<title>Finding laptop testing reports</title>
913
Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features
914
work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may
915
offer insights into any laptop problems.
920
Review the Laptop Testing <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LaptopTestingTeam">community support pages</ulink>
921
for a full listing of available laptop tests.
926
You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop">Ubuntu Laptop Testing</ulink>.
930
<sect1 id="pm-suspending">
931
<title>Suspending and Hibernating</title>
933
In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of
934
power-saving modes when it is not being used.
939
<emphasis role="strong">Suspending</emphasis> a computer is like putting the
940
computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be
941
left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key
942
or clicking the mouse.
947
<emphasis role="strong">Hibernating</emphasis> means turning the computer off
948
completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all
949
open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work
950
will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the
951
computer is hibernating.
956
<emphasis role="strong">Shutting down</emphasis> is turning the computer off
957
completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used
958
when the computer is shut down.
963
<emphasis role="strong">Resuming</emphasis> is bringing the computer out of a
964
power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed
965
from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse.
966
Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer.
971
Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options
972
in the <guilabel>System</guilabel> section of the <guisubmenu>Leave</guisubmenu>
977
Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain
978
power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a
979
power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as
980
expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating.
983
<sect2 id="pm-suspend-hibernate-fails">
984
<title>The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly</title>
986
Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>, and
987
may show some of the following symptoms:
992
The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked.
997
When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs
1003
The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended.
1008
Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from
1009
hibernation or waking-up from being suspended.
1014
If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to <ulink url="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug">Launchpad</ulink>. The problems
1015
may be fixed in a subsequent version of <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>.
1018
If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart
1019
the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work
1020
properly, try closing the program and then starting it again.
1024
Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate
1029
<sect2 id="pm-hibernate-pattern">
1030
<title>There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is
1033
The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to
1034
hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the
1035
graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the
1036
hibernation process.
1039
If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without
1040
turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to <link linkend="pm-suspend-hibernate-fails">The computer does not suspend or hibernate
1041
correctly</link> for more information.
1046
<!-- INPUT DEVICES -->
1047
<sect1 id="input-devices">
1048
<title>Mice and Keyboards</title>
1050
This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and
1051
other input devices to make them more comfortable to use.
1053
<sect2 id="input-mice">
1054
<title>Mice and other pointing devices</title>
1056
Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and
1057
how clicks are interpreted by the computer.
1062
Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1067
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Keyboard and Mouse</guibutton>
1073
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Mouse</guibutton> icon.
1078
<sect2 id="input-keyboard">
1079
<title>Keyboards</title>
1081
There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard
1087
Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1092
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Keyboard and Mouse</guibutton>
1098
<mousebutton>Press</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Keyboard</guibutton> icon.
1103
<sect2 id="input-touchpads">
1104
<title>Touchpads and graphics tablets</title>
1106
A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer.
1111
<emphasis role="strong"><link linkend="laptops-touchpads">Touchpads</link></emphasis>
1121
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