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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
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<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
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<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide">
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<!ENTITY gnome "<phrase>GNOME</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu "<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>">
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<!ENTITY kde "<acronym>KDE</acronym>">
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<!ENTITY kde-full "<phrase>K Desktop Environment</phrase>">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Lucid Lynx">
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<!ENTITY distro-rev "10.10">
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<!ENTITY distro-release-date "October 2010">
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<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "maverick">
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<!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Kubuntu 10.10_Maverick_Meerkat">
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<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.35">
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<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.4.4">
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<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.12.1">
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<!ENTITY python-version "2.6.6">
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<!ENTITY kde-version "4.5.1">
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<!-- <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM '../common/C/glossary.xml' > --><!-- Footer Text for Kubuntu documentation --><!ENTITY footer-doc-comment "Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?">
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<!ENTITY footer-doc-feedback "Send feedback to the ">
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<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../../../common/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
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<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
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<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
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<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
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<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
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<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
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<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
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<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
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<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
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<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
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<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
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<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
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<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
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<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
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<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
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<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnome-www "http://www.gnome.org/">
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<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
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<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
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<!ENTITY kde-www "http://www.kde.org/">
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<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
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<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
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<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
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<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
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<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
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<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
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<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
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<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
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<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
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<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
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<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
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<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
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<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
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<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
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<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
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<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
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<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
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<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
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<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
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<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
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<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
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<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
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<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
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<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
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<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
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<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
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<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
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<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
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<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
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<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
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<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
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<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
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<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
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<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
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<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
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<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
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<!ENTITY Breton "br">
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<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
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<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
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<!ENTITY Danish "da">
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<!ENTITY German "de">
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<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
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<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
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<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
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<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
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<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
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<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
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<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
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<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
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<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
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<!ENTITY French "fr">
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<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
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<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
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<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
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<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
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<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
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<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
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<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
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<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
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<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
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<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
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<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
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<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
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<!ENTITY Italian "it">
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<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
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<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
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<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
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<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
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<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
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<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
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<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
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<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
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<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
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<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
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<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
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<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
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<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
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<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
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<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
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<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
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<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
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<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
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<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
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<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
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<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
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<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
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<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
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<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
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<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
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<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
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<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
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<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
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<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
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<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
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<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
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<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
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<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
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<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
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<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
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<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
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<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
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<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
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<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
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<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
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<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
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<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
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<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
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<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
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<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
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<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
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<!ENTITY Somali "so">
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<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
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<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
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<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
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<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
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<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
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<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
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<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
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<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
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<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
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<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
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<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
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<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
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<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
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<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
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<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
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<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
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<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
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<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
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<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-general-insert-case:lower
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vim: tabstop=2:shiftwidth=2:expandtab:indentexpr=:tw=80:
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kate: space-indent on; indent-width 2; tab-width 2; indent-mode none;
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--><!ENTITY % kde-menus-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/kde-menus-C.ent">
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<!-- Application Launcher Screenshots before Keyboard Shortcuts section --><!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS AT THE VERY END --><!-- KDE MENU Entries Organized as the the show up in the Application Launcher (kickoff) --><!-- APLICATION LAUNCHER MENUS
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This will help us shorten the amount of typing we have to do for adding new
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menu items. It is pretty straight forward.
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--><!-- Common Stuff --><!ENTITY mal "<guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu>">
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<!ENTITY malapp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malfav "&mal;<guisubmenu>Favorites</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malcmp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maluse "&mal;<guisubmenu>Recently Used</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY mallve "&mal;<guisubmenu>Leave</guisubmenu>">
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<!-- Applications Submenus --><!ENTITY maldev "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maledu "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Education</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malgms "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malgrp "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malnet "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malmmd "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY maloff "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malset "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Settings</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malsys "&malapp;<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>">
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<!ENTITY malutl "&malapp;<guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>">
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<!-- COMPUTER --><!ENTITY menusysset "<menuchoice>&malcmp;<guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- APPLICATIONS --><!ENTITY menuhelp "<menuchoice>&malapp;<guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Development --><!ENTITY menueclipse "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Eclipse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugambas "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukdevelop "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menumonodev "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menumonodoc "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuqt4designer "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Qt4 Designer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudevhelp "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Education --><!-- Games --><!--Graphics --><!ENTITY menudigikam "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Photo Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugimp "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Image Editior (Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugwenview "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuinkscape "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Vector Graphics Editor (Inkscape)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukooka "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scan & OCR Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukpdf "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>PDF Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrita "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Painting and Image Editing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuksnap "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Screen Capture Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuscribus "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoodraw "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Drawing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublender "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>3D Modeller (Blender)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Internet --><!ENTITY menubluechat "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublueobex "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth OBEX Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuff "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuffinstall "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Kubuntu Firefox Installer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukmail "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Mail Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuknetmgr "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Network Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonqi "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonv "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukopete "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Instant Messager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukppp "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Internet Dial-Up Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrdc "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Remote Desktop Connection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukrfb "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Desktop Sharing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuktorrent "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>BitTorrent Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuakregator "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Akregator - RSS Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuquassel "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client (Quassel IRC)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Multimedia --><!ENTITY menuk3b "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Disk Burning (K3b)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuamarok "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Music Player (Amarok)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudragon "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Video Player (Dragon)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukino "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Kino</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuaudacity "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Office --><!ENTITY menukontact "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Personal Information Manager (Kontact)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuooimpress "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoocalc "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuoowriter "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukmymoney "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>KMyMoney2</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Science & Math --><!-- Settings --><!-- System --><!ENTITY menuadept "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Adept)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menucomputerjanitor "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Computer Janitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudolphin "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>File Manager (Dolphin)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukpackagekit "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Software Management (KPackageKit)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukonsole "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Terminal (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menupartman "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuqtparted "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Partition Manager (QtParted)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuar "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Add/Remove)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menujockey "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Hardware Deivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menukuser "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>User Manager (KUser)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuhardwaredrivers "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Hardware Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuusbcreator "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Startup Disk Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!-- Utilities --><!ENTITY menukaramba "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>SuperKaramba</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY language "en">
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<article id="graphics" lang="kubuntu-docs-graphics-pt_BR">
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<title>Criação e edição de imagens em <phrase> Kubuntu> phrase></phrase></title>
409
<para>Este documento é sobre a criação e edição gráfica no Kubuntu.</para>
413
<sect1 id="introduction">
414
<title>Introdução</title>
416
<para>Há muitos gráficos livre e de código aberto e aplicações de edição de imagem disponível para o Kubuntu, como <application>GIMP</application>,> <application>Blender, InkScape e muito mais. Esses aplicativos nKubuntu instalaKpackageKit. Este t</application></para>
420
<sect1 id="gimp-introduction">
421
<title>GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program)</title>
422
<para>GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) é um editor grátis de gráficos rasterizados licenciado sob a GPL. Ele é utilizado primeriamente como uma ferramenta de retoque e edição de imagens. O GIMP é construído a partir da estrutura GTK+, e portanto pode ser executado em diversas plataformas. Ele é utilizado para tarefas de edição gráfica tais como: edição de fotos, composição de imagens e criação de imagens.</para>
424
<para>O GIMP pode ser melhorado pelo use de plug-ins and roteiros que executam operações complexas. Eles também podem ser usados para a conversão entre diferentes formatos de imagens.</para>
426
<para>Alguns dos recursos e capacidades oferecidos pelo GIMP incluem: <itemizedlist>
427
<listitem><para>Uma sute completa de ferramentas de pintura,incluindo pincéis, um lápis, um aerógrafo, clonagem, restauração dodge e burn, e mais.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Suporte completo a canal Alfa, para trabalhar com transparência.</para></listitem>
429
<listitem><para>Camadas e Canais</para></listitem>
430
<listitem><para>Capacidade avançada de execução de scripts</para></listitem>
431
<listitem><para>Multiplos níveis de desfazer/refazer (limitado apenas pelo espaço em disco)</para></listitem>
432
<listitem><para>Ferramentas de transformação, incluindo rotação, escala, distorção e inversão</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Suporte para uma vasta gama de formatos de arquivo, incluindo GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP e muitos outros.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Ferramentas de seleção, incluindo retângulo, elipse, livre, seleção indefinida, curvas Bézier e tesouras inteligentes</para></listitem>
435
<listitem><para>Plug-ins para adicionar novos formatos de arquivos e novos filtros de efeito.</para></listitem>
436
</itemizedlist></para>
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<sect2 id="gimp-editing-graphics">
439
<title>Editando gráficos no Gimp</title>
440
<para>Para editar imagens você pode usar o <application>GIMP</application>, um aplicativo poderoso e cheio de recursos similar ao Adobe Photoshop. Aqui explica como editar imagens com o GIMP:</para>
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<para>Instale o Gimp do gerenciador de pacotes.</para>
449
To run <application>Gimp</application>, go to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Image Editior (Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
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<para>No <application>Gimp</application>, vá em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Abrir</guisubmenu></menuchoice> e navegue até a pasta onde a imagem está guardada e a abra.</para>
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<title>Abrindo uma imagem no Gimp</title>
461
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/gimp-open.png" format="PNG"/>
470
<para>Há várias ferramentas disponíveis no <application>Gimp</application> para editar a imagem, como o 'Pincel' e a 'Borracha'.</para>
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<para>Quando a edição estiver completa, vá em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Salvar</guisubmenu></menuchoice> para salvar o seu arquivo, ou use <guisubmenu>Salvar como</guisubmenu> para evitar sobrescrever a imagem original.</para>
479
<sect2 id="creating-graphics-gimp">
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<title>Criando gráficos</title>
481
<para>Criar imagens com o <application>Gimp</application> pode ser feito facilmente. Há muitos filtros e ferramentas disponíveis que podem ser usadas para criar imagens surpreendentes. Aqui explica como criar imagens:</para>
484
<para>Para criar imagens/gráficos, inicie com uma imagem vazia no <application>Gimp</application>. Para fazer isso, vá em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Novo</guisubmenu></menuchoice> e digite as <acronym>dimensões</acronym> da nova imagem. Pressione <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>
488
<title>Criando uma nova imagem no Gimp</title>
491
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/gimp-new.png" format="PNG"/>
499
<para>Com uma imagem vazia, qualquer uma das numerosas ferramentas disponíveis no <application>Gimp</application> podem ser usadas para criar uma obra de arte! Por exemplo, use a ferramenta de texto, marcada com um 'A' na janela da caixa de ferramentas, para adicionar algum texto à imagem. O texto pode então ser manipulado usando filtros e adicionando mais cor a ele. <example>
500
<title>Adicionando texto à imagem</title>
503
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/gimp-text.png" format="PNG"/>
510
<para>Quando a imagem for criada, ela pode ser salva. Para salvar um arquivo no Gimp, vá em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Salvar</guisubmenu></menuchoice> e escolha onde o arquivo deve ser salvo. O <application>Gimp</application> requer que um tipo de arquivo seja selecionado para que a imagem seja salva (png, jpg etc.). Então a extensão do arquivo deve ser informada para que a imagem seja salva. Uma dessas escolhas, .xcf, é a extensão padrão do <application>Gimp</application>. Ela é a melhor extensão que mantém o histórico de edição da imagem, o que pode ser útil se a imagem tiver de ser editada novamente no Gimp.</para>
514
<title>Salvando a imagem</title>
517
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/gimp-save.png" format="PNG"/>
526
<sect2 id="gimp-references">
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<title>Referências</title>
528
<para>Para um guia completo sobre editar e criar imagens e gráficos no <application>Gimp</application>, por favor veja os <ulink url="http://www.gimp.org/tutoriais/">tutorials</ulink> e a <ulink url="http://www.gimp.org/docs/">documentação</ulink> oficial no site do Gimp. Mais recursos para aprender sobre o GIMP são: <itemizedlist>
529
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/">Tutoriais oficiais do Gimp</ulink></para></listitem>
530
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.gimp-tutorials.net">Gimp-Tutorials.net</ulink></para></listitem>
531
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.gimpguru.org/Tutorials/">Gimp Guru</ulink></para></listitem>
532
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://gimp-savvy.com/BOOK/index.html">Grokking The GIMP (Livro)</ulink></para></listitem>
533
</itemizedlist></para>
537
<sect1 id="inkscape-introduction">
538
<title>Inkscape</title>
540
<application>Inkscape</application> is a vector graphics editor application. It
541
uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its
542
native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of
543
different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager
544
and go to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Vector Graphics Editor (Inkscape)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
546
<para>Alguns recursos do <application>Inkscape</application>são:<itemizedlist>
547
<listitem><para>Crie elipses, retângulos, círculos, caminhos e textos usando os diferentes tipos de ferramentas disponíveis.</para></listitem>
548
<listitem><para>Manipule, modifique estilos, gire e edite objetos.</para></listitem>
549
<listitem><para>Interface da linha de comando, usada principalmente para funções de conversão de formatos.</para></listitem>
550
<listitem><para>Editor de árvore XML para manipulação de documentos SVG.</para></listitem>
551
</itemizedlist></para>
553
<sect2 id="inkscape-creating-images">
554
<title>Criando imagens vetoriais com o Inkscape</title>
556
<step><para>Open Inkscape by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Vector Graphics Editor (Inkscape)</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para></step>
557
<step><para>Configure o tamanho da imagem mudando a 'largura' e 'altura' do documento em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Propriedades do documento</guisubmenu></menuchoice><example>
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<title>Propriedades do documento</title>
561
<imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/inkscape-doc-properties.png" format="PNG"/>
564
</example></para></step>
566
<step><para>Desenhe círculos, retângulos, polígonos etc. selecionando a ferramenta certa na caixa de ferramentas e então clique nela e arraste até a imagem. <example>
567
<title>Desenhando formas</title>
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<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/inkscape-draw.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject></mediaobject>
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</example></para></step>
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<step><para>Texto pode ser adicionado à imagem selecionando a ferramenta 'Texto' (marcada com o símbolo 'T' na caixa de ferramentas) ou pressionando <keycap>T</keycap> no teclado e clicando uma vez na imagem onde o texto será colocado. <example>
572
<title>Adicionando texto</title>
573
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/inkscape-text.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject></mediaobject>
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</example></para></step>
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<step><para>Quando a edição estiver completa, salve a imagem indo em <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Salvar</guisubmenu></menuchoice>. Navegue até a pasta onde o arquivo deve ser salvo, digite um nome para o arquivo, e clique em <guibutton>Salvar</guibutton>. Arquivos podem ser salvos como Plain SVG ou Inkscape SVG. Há informações adicionais sobre as imagens Inkscape SVG que não são usadas por outros editores de imagens SVG.</para></step>
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<sect2 id="inkscape-reference">
581
<title>Referências</title>
582
<para>O menu "Ajuda" no Inkscape inclui tutoriais. Informações adicionar sobre como usar o <application>Inkscape</application> estão disponíveis: <itemizedlist>
583
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.inkscape.org/doc/basic/tutorial-basic.html">Tutorial básico do Inkscape</ulink></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><ulink url="http://inkscapetutorials.wordpress.com/">O blog de tutoriais do Inkscape</ulink></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.inkscapetutorials.net/">InkscapeTutorials.net</ulink></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.inkscape.org/doc/keys046.html">Referência de teclas e mouse do Inkscape</ulink></para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist></para>
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<sect1 id="blender-introduction">
592
<title>Uma introdução ao Blender</title>
593
<para><application>Blender</application> é um aplicativo de gráficos 3D, lançado sob a licença GNU General Public License. Blender oferece um amplo espectro de modelagem, texturização, iluminação, animação e funcionalidades de pós-processamento de vídeo em um único pacote. Blender pode ser instalado do gerenciador de pacotes <application>KPackageKit</application>; <menuchoice><guimenu>Lançador de aplicativos Kickoff</guimenu><guisubmenu>Aplicativos</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Sistema</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Gerenciamento de software (KPackageKit)</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>
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<sect2 id="blender-basics">
596
<title>O básico do Blender</title>
597
<para><application>Blender</application> é um aplicativo poderoso que pode ser usado para desempenhar tarefas avançadas e complexas, como edição de vídeo, modelagem 3D e animações. Este guia é uma introdução à interface do Blender, e também cobre funções básicos como exportar e importar uma imagem.</para>
600
<step><para>Open blender by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Kickoff Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>3D Modeller (Blender)</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para></step>
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<step><para>A tela de inicialização do <application>Blender</application> irá aparecer, seguida de uma janela similar à que está abaixo: <example>
602
<title>Janela do Blender</title>
604
<imageobject><imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/blender-main.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject>
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</example></para></step>
608
<step><para>O centro da tela é a área principal para a criação e visualização de modelos 3D. A parte inferior da tela é o 'Painel', que possui controles para modificar modelos de malhas.</para></step>
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<step><para>Por padrão há um quadrado no centro da tela principal. Com o cursor na janela principal, a visão pode ser rotacionada pressionando o botão médio do mouse e arrastando o mouse. Quando o mouse é arrastado, o objeto por ser visto de ângulos diferentes. Três flechas representam os três eixos: X, Y e Z. <example>
611
<title>Rotacionando visão</title>
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<imageobject><imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/blender-drag.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject>
615
</example></para></step>
617
<step><para>A visão também pode ser mudada pressionando as teclas do teclado numérico. Pressionando a tecla "1" do teclado numérico muda a visão. Pressionar a tecla "7" retorna a visão padrão.</para></step>
620
Objects are selected by clicking the 'Right Mouse Button'. All objects can be
621
selected or deselected by pressing the <keycap>A</keycap> key on the keyboard.
624
<step><para>Delete o cubo padrão na janela principal pressionando a tecla <keycap>X</keycap> no teclado e então pressionando <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para></step>
626
<step><para>A seguir, adicione um(a) novo(a) malha/objeto à cena pressionando <keycap>Barra de espaço</keycap> e selecionando <menuchoice><guimenu>Adicionar</guimenu><guisubmenu>Malha</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Esfera UV</guisubmenu></menuchoice> Escolha a configuração padrão na caixa de diálogo e pressione <guibutton>OK</guibutton>. <example>
627
<title>Adicionar uma nova malha</title>
629
<imageobject><imagedata fileref="help:/images/C/blender-uvsphere.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject>
631
</example></para></step>
633
<step><para>Para mover um novo objeto, primeiro selecione-o (clicando nele com o botão direito do mouse), e pressionando 'G' no teclado. Agora arraste o mouse em qualquer direção para mover o objeto para aquela direção. Para mover o objeto em uma direção específica, pressione <keycap>G</keycap> seguido do eixo daquela direção. Por exemplo: Para mover um objeto no eixo Z, pressione <keycap>G</keycap> e então <keycap>Z</keycap>;</para></step>
635
<step><para>Para rotacionar o objeto, pressione <keycap>R</keycap> e então rotacione usando o mouse. O objeto pode ser rotacionado ao redor de um eixo específico pressionando <keycap>X</keycap>, <keycap>Y</keycap> ou <keycap>Z</keycap> depois de ter pressionado <keycap>R</keycap></para></step>
637
<step><para>Quando todos os objetos foram adicionados, a cena pode ser renderizada indo em <menuchoice><guimenu>Renderizador</guimenu><guisubmenu>Renderizar o quadro atual</guisubmenu></menuchoice> ou pressionando F12</para></step>
639
<step><para>Salve a imagem final selecionando <menuchoice><guimenu>Arquivo</guimenu><guisubmenu>Salvar</guisubmenu></menuchoice>. ou pressionando <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>W</keycap></keycombo>. Digite o nome do arquivo, escolha o diretório e pressione o botão <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para></step>
644
<sect2 id="blender-reference">
645
<title>Referências</title>
646
<para>Recursos do Blender: <itemizedlist>
647
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.blender.org/education-help/tutorials/">Arquivo de tutoriais do Blender</ulink></para></listitem>
648
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.ibiblio.org/bvidtute/">Tutoriais do Blender em vídeo</ulink></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><ulink url="http://blenderunderground.com/">Tutoriais em vídeo do Blender Underground</ulink></para></listitem>
650
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.blender.org/education-help/manuals-books/">Livros sobre o Blender</ulink></para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist></para>
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